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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the motor cortex
When transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is applied over the primary motor cortex, it will induce motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). The magnetic impulse to the motor cortex activates neurons that have connections to muscles throughout the body.
Motor-evoked potentials are often used to measure the excitability of the motor cortex. This is particularly interesting to study in volunteers with movement disabilities, such as after a stroke. Furthermore, the participant in this video is wearing an electroencephalography (EEG) cap, which measures brain oscillations.
SECOND CHANNEL - Psyched! Discussions
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Occasionally we make use of stock images and videos (pixabay.com or pexels.com). We use these to make our videos more lively (better than looking at a blank screen). These stock videos should not be taken as an exact scientific reflection of the discussed content. In some cases they are not fully accurate. We try to have a high viewing pleasure, while at the same time create as little confusion as possible. Thus we aim to only use them when it is clear that they are not directly related to the discussed content.
CHANNEL GOALS
The Psyched! channel focuses on providing education about psychology and neuroscience. Here you learn all about human behavior, the mind and the brain. It is our goal to reach everyone, from people who are casually interested to academic researchers. As such we provide simple explanation videos as well as profound lectures. If you like our content, consider to subscribe!
SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS
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Website: www.mileswischnewski.com
Переглядів: 899

Відео

What Is Quantum Consciousness | With Prof. Justin Riddle
Переглядів 8058 місяців тому
!! JUSTIN'S CHANNEL !! www.youtube.com/@justinriddle In this video we will discuss the theory of quantum consciousness. Therefore, I interview Prof. Justin Riddle, who is a cognitive neuroscientist at the Florida State University, Department of Psychology. He tells us all the details about quantum mechanisms in the brain might explain our conscious experience. He also tells us about why he beli...
Should We Really Trust Our Gut? - The Neuroscience of the Gut-Brain Relationship | Neuroscience 101
Переглядів 65410 місяців тому
In this episode of Neuroscience 101, we at Psyched! discuss the fascinating relationship between the gut and the brain. Throughout our digestive system, there is a large network of neurons and nerves that allows our brain and gut to communicate with each other. This network of roughly 500-600 million (!) neurons is called the enteric nervous system, and is the largest and most complex neural un...
Predictive Coding: Why Our Brain Is Constantly Predicting The Future
Переглядів 4,4 тис.11 місяців тому
Predictive coding is an influential theory in psychology and neuroscience that explains how our brain learns from mistakes. Our brain constantly makes predictions about the future. Then, incoming information (sensory or cognitive) is compared to this prediction. If there is a mismatch between actual information and the prediction, this leads to a prediction error. Prediction errors tell our bra...
Sleep Stages Explained! | Neuroscience 101
Переглядів 1,2 тис.Рік тому
Our sleep is characterized by different stages from shallow sleep, to deep sleep, to REM sleep. What happens in the brain during these stages? In this videos we discuss the four sleep stages. The first stage is characterized by oscillatory theta waves which reflect a state of drowsiness. When we just fall a sleep and before we wake up we are in this stage, but most of the night we are in the ot...
The Six Layers of the Cerebral Cortex | Neuroscience 101
Переглядів 14 тис.Рік тому
The mammalian neocortex exists of 6 layers, here we discuss them. The cerebral cortex cosists of six layers: First, the molecular layer which has very little neurons, and consists of glial cells, dendrites and axons. Second, the external granular layer with small granule cells (pyramidal neurons). Third, the external pyramidal layer with medium-sized pyramidal neurons. Together layer 2 and 3 ar...
Brain Training Apps and Brain Games - Do They Really Work?
Переглядів 4,5 тис.Рік тому
Brain training apps such as games are often promoted to boost intelligence and cognition. But do they really work? Here we discuss the research. Several large sample research studies have shown that over time you get better in the games of brain training apps. However, do these skills translate to real life cognitive functioning. The evidence for that is less clear, but most research suggests t...
Academic Publishing: Time To Move Away From For-Profit Publishers?
Переглядів 209Рік тому
For researchers it is crucial to publish their academic results. Publish or perish. But academic publishing has a set of problems, which need to be discussed. First, we discuss the difference between subscription-based and open access publication. Although open access publication is preferred, as it allows everyone to be able to read research results, it has led to an increase in prices of publ...
Human Senses - How Many Do We Have?
Переглядів 501Рік тому
Everyone knows the 5 human senses: Sight, Touch, Hearing, Smell and Taste. But actually we have way more. Let's have a look at how they work. In this video we discuss how our senses work. We briefly summarize vision, hearing, touch, gustation and olfaction. We also discuss nociception, our sense of pain. Further we discuss thermoception, which is our sense of temperature. We talk abou hunger an...
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Explained! (VNS/tVNS) | Neuroscience Methods 101
Переглядів 6 тис.Рік тому
In this video we explaine (transcutaneous) vagus nerve stimulation (VNS/tVNS). The vagus nerve is one of the most crucial nerves of the parasympathetic nervous system. It is involved in contoling heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, digestion, hunger, thirst and much more. It also has been related to affective processing and dysfunction of the vagus nerve has been related to various psychiatr...
Mind-Controlled Wheelchairs using Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) | Neuro3
Переглядів 1,4 тис.Рік тому
In this edition of Neuro3, we at Psyched discuss a study conducted by Liu et al. in 2022, where they designed a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system involving brain-controlled wheelchairs. In a brain-computer interfaces neural signal are used to set parameters in a computer. That means we can control a computer using our brain signals. In this study, participant were able to control a wheelcha...
Sigmund Freud | Revisited in 2023
Переглядів 674Рік тому
In today's video, we discuss some of Sigmund Freud's most infuential theories in psychology, and we discuss how they hold up to modern scrutiny in 2023. Sigmund Freud changed the world of psychology in the early 20th century. He observed a case study of Anna O (Bertha Pappenheim), who received treatment from Freud's mentor Josef Breuer. Freud was particularly impressed with the free association...
The Brain of Early Homo (Homo Habilis & Homo Rudolfensis) | Ancestors Brains #4
Переглядів 4,4 тис.Рік тому
Homo habilis is an early human species living between 2.4 and 1.6 million years ago. In this video we take a look at their brain. Homo habilis, the first homo species forms a transitional species between australopithecus and homo erectus. When looking at the brain we see a more rounded shape compared to earlier hominids. Also the brain is positioned higher, above eye-level, whereas in australop...
Walking With Spinal Cord Injury: Epidural Electrical Stimulation | Neuro3
Переглядів 1,3 тис.Рік тому
In this episode of Neuro3, we at Psyched! discuss a study conducted by Rowald and colleagues, from 2022. In this paper, the authors designed and successfully implemented a method that allowed for individuals with complete sensorimotor paralysis to walk again after just 1 day of training. In their fascinating experiment, the authors used epidural electrical stimulation, or EES , a tool that work...
IKEA Effect & Self-Perception Theory Explained! | Psychology 101
Переглядів 1,3 тис.Рік тому
In social psychology the IKEA effect refers to the observation that people tend to value things higher if they created them itself. The IKEA effect is a cogntive bias where people irrationally judge the value of an object. Such cognitive biases and heuristics show that humans are always object in their judgement or in making decisions. It was shown that people who built IKEA furniture were will...
Time-Frequency Analysis for EEG/MEG Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Переглядів 17 тис.Рік тому
Time-Frequency Analysis for EEG/MEG Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Optogenetics Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Переглядів 7 тис.Рік тому
Optogenetics Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Pareidolia: Why Do We See Faces in Objects?
Переглядів 2,4 тис.Рік тому
Pareidolia: Why Do We See Faces in Objects?
Electrocorticography (ECoG) Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Переглядів 7 тис.Рік тому
Electrocorticography (ECoG) Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
The Brain That Was Cortically Blind But Could Still See | Extraordinary Brains #11
Переглядів 408Рік тому
The Brain That Was Cortically Blind But Could Still See | Extraordinary Brains #11
The Intelligence Of Chickens | Animals Brains #1
Переглядів 6 тис.Рік тому
The Intelligence Of Chickens | Animals Brains #1
Serotonin Hypothesis of Depression: Is It Accurate? | Neuro3
Переглядів 922Рік тому
Serotonin Hypothesis of Depression: Is It Accurate? | Neuro3
The Brain of Wim Hof Analysed | Extraordinary Brains #10
Переглядів 2,3 тис.Рік тому
The Brain of Wim Hof Analysed | Extraordinary Brains #10
Resting-state EEG (RSEEG) Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Переглядів 3,8 тис.Рік тому
Resting-state EEG (RSEEG) Explained! | Neuroscience Methods 101
Improved Memory By Using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation | Neuro3
Переглядів 3,1 тис.Рік тому
Improved Memory By Using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation | Neuro3
Amnesia: The 'Healthy' Brain That Can't Remember Anything | Extraordinary Brains #9
Переглядів 399Рік тому
Amnesia: The 'Healthy' Brain That Can't Remember Anything | Extraordinary Brains #9
Evolution Of Social Cognition | Evolution Of The Brain - Episode 7
Переглядів 1,3 тис.Рік тому
Evolution Of Social Cognition | Evolution Of The Brain - Episode 7
The Psychology of Magic
Переглядів 899Рік тому
The Psychology of Magic
The Brain Of Australopithecus Afarensis (Lucy & Selam)
Переглядів 4,6 тис.Рік тому
The Brain Of Australopithecus Afarensis (Lucy & Selam)
What is Theory of Mind? | Psychology 101
Переглядів 9 тис.Рік тому
What is Theory of Mind? | Psychology 101

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @judyju7416
    @judyju7416 23 години тому

    great video, very cool, thank you so much!!!!!!!!

  • @krishnarotam3254
    @krishnarotam3254 2 дні тому

    great video

  • @kabirullahlutfy906
    @kabirullahlutfy906 9 днів тому

    Very nice and clear

  • @Valisea
    @Valisea 10 днів тому

    Mgsv brought me here. So this is the namesake of a weapon to surpass metal gear.

  • @laughingatoms
    @laughingatoms 15 днів тому

    Clear and helpful, thanks!

  • @ParkerRudolph
    @ParkerRudolph 16 днів тому

    This was so helpful, thank you!

  • @PeterH-be1xe
    @PeterH-be1xe 17 днів тому

    This is about as clear and simple explanation as you can give about what are actually very complex calculations using some seriously heavy duty math. Well done.

  • @amit.oakfield
    @amit.oakfield 27 днів тому

    Show this to your wife/gf Yours was never a small size. She needed to change the way she looked at it from day one

  • @charlesqwu
    @charlesqwu 28 днів тому

    4:37 Radial vs Billateral symmetry.

  • @ArtemusPrime-jm6ud
    @ArtemusPrime-jm6ud Місяць тому

    In puerto vallarta they are using mobile eeg to spy on everyone. This is some serious terrorist stuff. They use telepathy to instill fear in people.

  • @pingukutepro
    @pingukutepro Місяць тому

    Layer 1: Trash Layer 2: Supplement Layer 3: Supplement Layer 4: Input Layer 5: Output Layer 6: Transport

  • @crembruleeful
    @crembruleeful Місяць тому

    What are the differences between a positive n400 and negative erp? What does it mean when erp is positive or negative ?

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched Місяць тому

      The first letter indicates whether a componentvis positive or negative. N meaning negative and P meaning positive. There is however no exact meaning. Whether a component is positive or negative depends on the region and the neural orientation. This will determind the direction of the dipole which in turn causes the electriclal fluctuations on the scalp. I explain this in more detail in the 101 video about EEG.

  • @notmarkbaumann3805
    @notmarkbaumann3805 Місяць тому

    That is amazing. Thank you for sharing!

  • @lumpyspaceprincess6335
    @lumpyspaceprincess6335 Місяць тому

    It wasn't a cat😑😑😑😑

  •  Місяць тому

    Are you sure hyperventilating increases the oxygen uptake of the brain 😅?

  • @Sugarsail1
    @Sugarsail1 Місяць тому

    My chickens are smarter than most dogs and on par with cats and only slightly dumber than parrots.

  • @lux_mo
    @lux_mo Місяць тому

    I can't understand, it's totally irrational, even after 1 week of seeing nothing, she can't think like have a real reflection on herself adding every clue that she's blind ?? is she a zombie or a robot without any consciousness, just acting with her memories and knowingness how to live normally but without the ability to have a real step back on her situation ? Human are very rational, they are 100% rational every time and even the cognitive bias can be understand by us and we can recognize logically that we have them and stop acting wrong. But that, for my opinion is maybe link with consciousness

  • @JerboGod
    @JerboGod Місяць тому

    1:05 Greetings, I wonder, how did you obtain the model of the skull ?

  • @ryanmiranda3695
    @ryanmiranda3695 Місяць тому

    Sometimes I have crazy hallucinations when I get sleep paralysis. I'll here things and see things but when I come out of it I'm just lying in bed and the house is completely quiet. I've felt my levitate off the bed. I've herd my brother talking in the other room with the door open but when I wake up he'll be sleeping himself with the door closed. I've felt like something was attacking me sometimes its the craziest and scariest thing ever

  • @Esterified80
    @Esterified80 Місяць тому

    But what if those "out of body" experiences are real and not necessarily a hallucination caused by the sleep paralysis?

  • @charlesbrightman4237
    @charlesbrightman4237 Місяць тому

    Predicting the Future: a. Species stay on this Earth: They all eventually die and go extinct. b. Species leave this Earth: They all eventually die and go extinct. This is what the current analysis indicates, subject to revision as new information might dictate.

    • @charlesbrightman4237
      @charlesbrightman4237 Місяць тому

      SMART PEOPLE AND/OR AI'S NEEDED: Consider the following: UNLESS the following Impossible Mission is successfully accomplished, our very life and existence does not ultimately matter: MISSION IMPOSSIBLE: (Or so it currently appears): For those who have the mental and physical resources to help (including AI's): Try to save at least 1 single species on and from this Earth to exist beyond this Earth, solar system and most probably collapsing spiral shaped galaxy into a universe that never ends in a big freeze (the singular big bang theory is a fairy tale for various reasons) or by some other means so that life itself on and from this Earth has continued meaning and purpose to potentially throughout all of future eternity. (Otherwise, all life on and from this Earth, real and artificial, eventually dies and goes extinct, is ultimately meaningless in the grand scheme of things, and are all a waste of spacetime in this universal existence.) * Mission Impossible of the Highest Order: MIHO. * Nature is our greatest ally in so far as Nature gives us life and a place to live it, AND Nature is also our greatest enemy that is going to take it all away. (Can we change the ending?)

  • @mokamo23
    @mokamo23 Місяць тому

    This definition of consciousness is silly.

  • @arabellamhaeb.remolano8196
    @arabellamhaeb.remolano8196 Місяць тому

    Last day i want to bed and later i cant move so i was wondering why i cant move so i try my best to move but i cant so i rememberd that ny mom told me if git sleep paralysis justvalm down so im done tinking so i just camled down myself but wen my friends i cant move they helped me to move so finally ican move now and my friends went back to bed and they have the sleep paralysis so she cant move next and agian i got sleep paralysis and i can't move agian andi cant call my mom bc u cant talk ir move but my mom is asleep but my sleep paralysis is now stoped and now i can move me and my friends but my mom git the sleep paralysis but i helped her and she was saved bc i saw hershe cant move but good thing i get to move bc if i dont my mom will feel a pain on her if i got it

  • @menekse3194
    @menekse3194 Місяць тому

    hey man I love your videos, you're providing hard topics in a basic and understandable way! this is amazing.Thanks a lot! plus I love your examples. thanks for sharing resources too. I appreciate it.

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched Місяць тому

      Thanks for the kind words! 😊

  • @user-bf2fw6xk3o
    @user-bf2fw6xk3o 2 місяці тому

    Prof. Justin Riddle

  • @ohelno
    @ohelno 2 місяці тому

    Really well done series. Simple, smart, and satisfying.

  • @ohelno
    @ohelno 2 місяці тому

    Brilliant.

  • @ohelno
    @ohelno 2 місяці тому

    Brilliant. They should teach this starting in elementary school. It would save a huge amount of existential confusion.

  • @yanuzz3000
    @yanuzz3000 2 місяці тому

    Thank you for this edifying series, I've learned a lot and really like the way and style you presented it. I'll let it sink in and give it a rewatch in a month or so. :) I also appreciate that you put references in the description so that it's easy to delve deeper into interesting aspects.

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      Thank you! Glad you enjoyed it :)

  • @markoliberty7581
    @markoliberty7581 2 місяці тому

    This can fuck Up your brain! Be careful of not taking too strong impulses!

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      Studies suggest that TMS is safe. There can be side effects, but in the majority they are mild. Stronger side effects can occur, but they are very rare.

  • @xujiabin890
    @xujiabin890 2 місяці тому

    A very good video!

  • @imho2278
    @imho2278 2 місяці тому

    I have this done on me fortnightly to test action potential of r hand. However I have ALS and my weak side is the left. Does targeting the motor cortex while enervatingthe r hand influence action potential of the l side?

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      The two motor cortices, left and right, are strongly connected. There are studies that show positive effects on the "weak" side even when targeting the "strong" side. Of course, I do not know the exact protocol and set that is used in your case, so I can't fully judge.

  • @MommaOf21723
    @MommaOf21723 2 місяці тому

    I wish someone would do a study on my sleep paralysis events, cause i dont think my last events are normal...

  • @moMoeXe
    @moMoeXe 2 місяці тому

    You know whats crazy? 2020 i felt into a coma for 4-5weeks. When i woke up i wasn't able to speak but wanted to tell me father "please take me home". So i showed him & the nurse bring me a piece of paper and a pen. So i wrote "dad please i wanna go home now" .. but my dad couldn't read it neither the nurse. I was sooo angry why they wouldn't understand what i wrote. Like 2 weeks later i was allowed to go home and i found that piece of paper. I just made scratches on it...but 2 weeks before when i wrote it i was 100% sure i wrote sentences. The anton syndrom seems very familiar...

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      What an scary but also fascinating story! I hope you have fully recovered now!

    • @moMoeXe
      @moMoeXe 2 місяці тому

      @@real.psyched thank you 🙏yes i'm fully recovered.🙏

    • @ArjunSussy
      @ArjunSussy 16 днів тому

      I hope ur all good now!!

  • @Ferdinand..
    @Ferdinand.. 2 місяці тому

    Lack of neuronal activity in this region causes depression and therefore this is the region if electrically stimulated cures depression.

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      That is a little simplified and does not hold all the time. But yes, there is evidence for the involvement of the DMPFC in depression.

  • @jansirani4429
    @jansirani4429 2 місяці тому

    Very informative

  • @katherinepierce2300
    @katherinepierce2300 2 місяці тому

    This was a really good, easy to understand explanation for neural networks.

  • @Juliafoutsj
    @Juliafoutsj 2 місяці тому

    My carpet ,and my walls constantly ready to burn it all down lol

  • @Juliafoutsj
    @Juliafoutsj 2 місяці тому

    Thank God it's real I been thinking I'm going nuts thank you

  • @knabellaks
    @knabellaks 2 місяці тому

    A bit confusing ending, but great work and editing. The term "effective ssri's" is perhaps not the way to end the video? Great that this topic is lifted up! Thanks <3

  • @alexeijimenez6732
    @alexeijimenez6732 2 місяці тому

    Thanks for your work,it helps with mine!❤

  • @johnedmarfallaria
    @johnedmarfallaria 3 місяці тому

    Can tms treat emotional numbness because i have emotional numbness

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      TMS can be used to treat depression. If emotional numbness is a feature of depression, then it may be helpful.

  • @AranyakBanerjee
    @AranyakBanerjee 3 місяці тому

    Thaks for such an informative video, but I have doubt while calculating PSD of alpha wave why in the graph the frequecy axis is showing in range of 100-500 Hz

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      Not sure what you are referring too. As far as I can tell no frequency of 100-500Hz is shown in any plot

  • @woolfy02
    @woolfy02 3 місяці тому

    Can you go into more detail about the reasons, why having problems with your Vagus Nerve, would cause dizziness? I have TRD and along with that, I deal with constant dizziness (I live off of like 8 motion sickness pills a day.) I'm very treatment resistant when it comes to AD meds but, when they did work, the dizziness was the first thing to go away. (As the meds stopped working, everything came back including the dizziness). All I can think is that maybe my mental issues, are causing me to be more dizzy in some way. Still not really sure how. I'm looking into getting into a clinical trial for VNS so, I hope that clears away the major depression and dizziness!

  • @user-kh6wj6yp3l
    @user-kh6wj6yp3l 3 місяці тому

    Hmmm. Wonder why this isn’t getting more views?? 😂

  • @bodaemese
    @bodaemese 3 місяці тому

    It's a great video, but why are subtitles disabled?

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 2 місяці тому

      Not sure. I changed a setting now. Hopefully that fixes it

  • @grdfhrghrggrtwqqu
    @grdfhrghrggrtwqqu 3 місяці тому

    a video about children that doesn't talk about epileptogenesis? shame.

  • @lionelbethancourt6795
    @lionelbethancourt6795 3 місяці тому

    Hello, I was looking at the video in the hope of understanding what does the colors represent on an fMRI scan. If I understand correctly, the darkest red means more BOLD signal and the darkest blue means less BOLD signal?

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 3 місяці тому

      In most cases that would be correct, yes. But the color scheme can be set to the researchers liking. Therefore, when you read a paper with figures like these, pay close attention to the legend.

  • @EricGushiken
    @EricGushiken 3 місяці тому

    Are there any reasonably priced shielding materials that can block or distort MEG signals? I'm aware of Mu Metals but they tend to be pricey and are solid metal. Any fabrics or more bendable materials out there?

    • @real.psyched
      @real.psyched 3 місяці тому

      I am afraid that I don't know the answer to that question.

  • @brotherrashidstreet1458
    @brotherrashidstreet1458 3 місяці тому

    watching in 2024 as Bsc psychology student. THANK YOU, very well explained