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Sanger DNA Sequencing, From Then to Now.
This video explores the basics of Sanger sequencing and the fascinating history behind this groundbreaking technology. It explains the basics of DNA sequencing, including the components necessary for the reaction and the steps involved. Topics also include ddNTPs, cycle sequencing, fluorescent dyes and capillary electrophoresis.
We'll also compare Sanger sequencing to other sequencing technologies, such as NGS, to give you a better understanding of how it all works. Throughout the video, we'll take a chronological approach to explore the history of Sanger sequencing, starting with its development in the late 1970s and following its evolution. By the end of the video, you'll deeply understand Sanger sequencing and its role in sequencing the human genome.
So grab a cup of coffee and journey through the fascinating world of Sanger sequencing! Whether you're a student, researcher, or just curious about the science behind DNA sequencing, this video is for you!
🌏 www.clevalab.com
📖 This video is also a blog post with images, references and a PDF download; visit: www.clevalab.com/post/sanger-dna-sequencing
👉 You may also like: "Next Generation Sequencing - A Step-By-Step Guide to DNA Sequencing." ua-cam.com/video/WKAUtJQ69n8/v-deo.html
Visit the ClevaLab Channel Page for more videos: www.youtube.com/@ClevaLab
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CHAPTERS:
00:00 The 1977 Invention of Sanger Sequencing
00:23 The Basics of How DNA Is Copied
00:36 What are dNTPs & ddNTPs anyway?
01:19 How Does a ddNTP Stop DNA Copying?
01:54 The DNA Naming Convention 5' to 3'
02:43 Which Bases Go Together in Base Pairing?
03:05 Steps of the First Sanger Sequencing Method
06:11 The First DNA Sequencing Instrument, the AB370A.
07:20 The Launch of the Human Genome Project
07:46 How Does Cycle Sequencing Improve Things?
08:59 Automated DNA Separation by Capillary Electrophoresis
09:36 ABI PRISM 310, Modern Sanger Sequencing
10:49 Fluorescent ddNTPs and the Invention of BigDyes
11:33 The Instrument That Sequenced the Genome
13:09 Why Use Sanger Sequencing When There's NGS?
#ClevaLab #sequencing #sangersequencing
Переглядів: 43 892

Відео

Next Generation Sequencing - A Step-By-Step Guide to DNA Sequencing.
Переглядів 281 тис.Рік тому
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is used to sequence both DNA and RNA. Billions of DNA strands get sequenced simultaneously using NGS. Whereas with Sanger Sequencing, only one strand is sequenced at a time. While the Human Genome Project took over 30 years to sequence the human genome for the first time. Now with Next Generation Sequencing, a whole human genome can be sequenced in just one day....
What are Autoimmune Diseases and How Do They Develop?
Переглядів 168 тис.2 роки тому
What are Autoimmune Diseases? Autoimmune Diseases are caused when the immune system attacks its own cells. This video is about autoimmunity, how autoimmune diseases develop, and the symptoms they cause. Find out how autoimmune antibodies, B-cells and T-cells get made and how they get activated. Autoimmune cells are activated via molecular mimicry, bystander activation and epitope spreading. Per...
Mast Cells | Normal Role, Allergies, Anaphylaxis, MCAS & Mastocytosis.
Переглядів 60 тис.2 роки тому
Find out all about mast cells, their usual role in fighting infections and how they can cause allergies and anaphylaxis when things go wrong. Also, find out about the mast cell diseases MCAS and mastocytosis. Mast Cells line the tissues of the body exposed to the outside world. They protect us from foreign invaders, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and venoms. When foreign invaders are d...
What is PCR and qPCR? | PCR Animation
Переглядів 162 тис.2 роки тому
Discover molecular biology and the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What is PCR and qPCR? PCR takes DNA, nucleotides, primers, and Taq Polymerase to make unlimited DNA. This target DNA gets seen by running it on an agarose gel in PCR or detecting it with a camera in qPCR. With qPCR probes labelled with different colours can amplify many targets per tube. PCR and qPCR get used in disease diagnos...
Growing Organs | Stem cells, Organoids and 3D Bioprinting.
Переглядів 28 тис.3 роки тому
Growing organs in the Lab - Find out how scientists are making human organs in the lab from stem cells. While we can't grow fully functional human organs yet, they can grow organoids from stem cells to study organ development and 3D bioprint tissues that can one day be used to repair organs. 🌏 www.clevalab.com 👉 You may also like: The Basic Principles of a Cell, ua-cam.com/video/R5z0VYBnZPs/v-d...
Understanding Cell Functions in the Human Body.
Переглядів 21 тис.3 роки тому
This video will give you an understanding of cell functions in the human body. The animation will guide you through the human body's basic cell structure and function. Also, discover how cells form tissues and organs. as well as how proteins get made from DNA. The types of proteins produced by a cell determine its function and structure. Learn about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and how plan...

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @lilibeta2226
    @lilibeta2226 2 дні тому

    Useful topic, Tank you

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 17 годин тому

      I'm glad it helped. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @dereksniper
    @dereksniper 6 днів тому

    great videos and channel

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      Thank you! 🤓

  • @dereksniper
    @dereksniper 6 днів тому

    might be the first time i hear it referred to as the oxygen, instead of the hydroxide

  • @dieketsengsompane2044
    @dieketsengsompane2044 7 днів тому

    the thing is i hate any topic that has to do with NGS, it makes me hate biology or biochemistry but anyways thanks...is for marks and getting done with it

  • @user-jw9gq8bf1r
    @user-jw9gq8bf1r 8 днів тому

    thanks

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      You're welcome! 🤓

  • @curiouskatze
    @curiouskatze 8 днів тому

    Amazing video. It helped me a lot!

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      Glad you liked it! 🤓

  • @moniquevandijkadema4053
    @moniquevandijkadema4053 9 днів тому

    Im scared im gonna get an autoimmune decease with the path im on

  • @czerwonoarmista
    @czerwonoarmista 9 днів тому

    I searched for this video beacouse, when i was watching dr House, the topic of autoimmune disease was brought UP a lot but even tho im allready on season five it still isn't explained and im strugguling for knowledge, So thank you for fulfiling my hunger for information xD

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      Great, I'm glad it helped you. 🤓

  • @josec705
    @josec705 9 днів тому

    Great video thank you very much

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      You are very welcome, I'm glad you enjoyed it. 🤓

  • @clemwoue848
    @clemwoue848 13 днів тому

    PLEASE HOW THE DNA GOT SINGKE STRANDED ??!

  • @KanimozhiM-jr1ow
    @KanimozhiM-jr1ow 18 днів тому

    Thanks for the information............

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 13 днів тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @user-ov8fl4fb6o
    @user-ov8fl4fb6o 19 днів тому

    I have a question about illumina sequencing. ASAP let me know plz..! I’m high school student.. How is DNA synthesized in the 3 to 5 direction in the reverse strand? Please let me know about reverse strand!!

  • @terpichore7667
    @terpichore7667 19 днів тому

    Very clear. Thanks.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 13 днів тому

      I'm glad you liked it. Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @SamHowell13
    @SamHowell13 20 днів тому

    First time I've actually understood this, thank you!!🤩

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 5 днів тому

      Great, I'm so glad it helped you. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @jaisharma3024
    @jaisharma3024 22 дні тому

    Amazing video, I got to know about many things yhrough this. I am currently trying to get to know about how to write research paper and for that I chose a topic of next generation sequencing can you provide me a pdf for that purpose?

  • @vaynoro
    @vaynoro 25 днів тому

    where are the ankylosing spondylitis baddiezzzz

  • @Celtjak7
    @Celtjak7 Місяць тому

    This is complicated to understand even with visual help, but in real life when you can't see any of this happening, it's basically just magic. I don't understand any of it

  • @OhEarchadha
    @OhEarchadha Місяць тому

    mnra creates it,

  • @tejasricreations8962
    @tejasricreations8962 Місяць тому

    Is there any relation for mouthful ulcers and this autoimmune disease plz explain

  • @SmileyFace123Lolz
    @SmileyFace123Lolz Місяць тому

    Thank you, how does the index help identify the sample? I always wonder how do you know how to put it all back in order? Thank you so much!!

  • @ole01
    @ole01 Місяць тому

    "17 per cent" is by far no fact and a theory with no data basis. The prevalance based of the ICD 10 codes is about 6 per cent per 100.000. J Hamilton once said numbers of 1 per cent.

  • @WhatsInAName0
    @WhatsInAName0 Місяць тому

    Can't thank you enough!!!❤

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab Місяць тому

      You're welcome. 🤓

  • @user-sw6lo9bg4x
    @user-sw6lo9bg4x Місяць тому

    i don't understand why there is only one primer in Sanger sequencing TT

  • @shardsoforion
    @shardsoforion Місяць тому

    Somehow after a week of my professor trying to explain this to us and failing, this video helped me understand it in 7 minutes.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab Місяць тому

      It's great to hear it helped you. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @manthandambhare7395
    @manthandambhare7395 Місяць тому

    Best and detailed video

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab Місяць тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you liked it.

  • @mattharvey8712
    @mattharvey8712 Місяць тому

    Bravo.....ok......estract dna from urea.....cheers

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab Місяць тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 Urea is a compound (a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically bound together). Do you mean urine? You can extract DNA from urine. There's protocols for this using commercial DNA extraction kits.

    • @mattharvey8712
      @mattharvey8712 Місяць тому

      @@ClevaLab urine.....yes.......stem cells how to........

  • @isadorah4969
    @isadorah4969 Місяць тому

    4:25 FINALLY I GOT IT!! Everyone explains the detection like the fluorescence from the previous nucleotide just disappears. Thank youuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu for eternityyyyyyy

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab Місяць тому

      So great! It makes a difference when you understand each step. 🙌 Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @divyarajan6568
    @divyarajan6568 2 місяці тому

    Thank you for everything

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      You're welcome. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @wlissesveloso
    @wlissesveloso 2 місяці тому

    Your videos are amazing. They are clear, easy to understand, rich in contents, well illustrated and short. Perfect! Only a correction, the GHP complete 92% of the human genome instead of 85%.

  • @ireneyu5776
    @ireneyu5776 2 місяці тому

    I have to say the video explains things better than my professor...😅

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      I'm glad it helped you. 🤓 Thanks for your comment. Maybe your professor should show the video in class!

  • @malekmahmoud2503
    @malekmahmoud2503 2 місяці тому

    This is AMAZING!!!!!!! Helped summarize (in detail) a 50 minute lecture in just 7 minutes!

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 That's great to hear, I'm glad it helped you.

  • @user-qm8bc4bu1t
    @user-qm8bc4bu1t 2 місяці тому

    Intestinal, curious as to why...

  • @mosesogunrinola3690
    @mosesogunrinola3690 2 місяці тому

    This is beautiful

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you liked it.

  • @gayatrimogale9710
    @gayatrimogale9710 2 місяці тому

    why reverse strand is washed off ??? @ClevaLab

  • @gator1984atcomcast
    @gator1984atcomcast 2 місяці тому

    Lot of progress since I took biochemistry in 1970.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Yes, there has been! Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @stefani8156
    @stefani8156 2 місяці тому

    Thank you so much for this video! I have an autoimmune disease and this video helps me understand what’s going on.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓

  • @robert75019
    @robert75019 2 місяці тому

    Hello, thanks for the explanation it was very very clear. Thank you also for a previous response explaining why we can be certain to get every nucleotide sequenced during the first iteration. But i just had one question about the comparison between Sanger sequencing and NGS, when you talked about sensitivity to detect a base within a background of other DNA, i didn't understand if it was a bad thing or not. Only* 15-20% implied that greater should be better or am i incorrect ?

  • @anacastro1469
    @anacastro1469 2 місяці тому

    Thank you, this was very informative.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you liked it.

  • @elliotbreman
    @elliotbreman 2 місяці тому

    great vid love u <3

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm glad you like it.

  • @PlayWithLoren
    @PlayWithLoren 3 місяці тому

    Am I right that since the moment of filtering and maping it is all done with software, not sequencer?

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 That's correct. Once the sequence is read by on the sequencer, the filtering, mapping, and further analysis are done with software on a computer.

  • @cozstar11
    @cozstar11 3 місяці тому

    If the definition of immune is to be "totally or partially resistant to a particular infectious disease or pathogen" Auto-immune disease seems like a misleading name, why not call it an immune system disorder or ISD?

  • @waterbeyza3769
    @waterbeyza3769 3 місяці тому

    I am dealing with 2 Autoimmun Disase one is Hashimoto Disase the other is a Rare Autoimmun Disase Morbus Behcet i feel sick all the time not easy

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      I'm sorry to hear that. It definitely is not easy. 😔

  • @tanikanakeyalewis4202
    @tanikanakeyalewis4202 3 місяці тому

    The Particularity of Neo-Natal Cardiac Pump Susceptibility, of Neo-Natal Auto-Immunity, Is Effective By Embryonic Central Nervous System Development: From the Moment of Birth, the Necessary Search Should Be Which Auto-Immune Virus Is Culpable, to Further and Advance Comprehend Why and How of Patho-Genesis: Auto-Immunity Is Not By "Mistakes", Patho-Genesis Evolves to Organ Failures: All Auto-Immune Dis-Eases Are Human Immunology Viruses, As Acquired Immunology Deficiency Syndromes: One very Actual Factor, of Auto-Immunity Dis-Eases, Is Host-Only Patho-Genetic Expressions, As "Distortions", Rarely As "In-Flammation", Commonly Known As the Concept "In-Flammation", But, By the Terminology "Infection": Meaning, Host-Transmission Is Possible, But, [Usually] only Expressive By Recipient/ Host Infective In-Flammation [Signs and Symptoms]: [Neo-Natal Auto-Immunity] "Neonatal autoimmune diseases are distinctly rare. Most neonatal autoimmune diseases result from the transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies directed against fetal or neonatal antigens in various tissues. In neonatal lupus, the heart seems to be particularly susceptible. Mar 7, 2012": "A healthy immune system defends the body against disease and infection. But if the immune system malfunctions, it mistakenly attacks healthy cells, tissues, and organs. Called autoimmune disease, these attacks can affect any part of the body, weakening bodily function and even turning life-threatening." 😶. Respectively. Tanika Nakeya Lewis, 6127

  • @Bilge_Icardi
    @Bilge_Icardi 3 місяці тому

    Thanks ClevaLab! I'm an high school student. And I'm supposed to write an essay about NGS for the school club. Thanks to these explanations and animations I could understand how it works. Cheers!

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 місяці тому

      That's great to hear, I'm so glad. 🤓 Thanks for taking the time to comment.

  • @dmadhav4867
    @dmadhav4867 3 місяці тому

    Great vedio ,it just reminds me of kinda animation of @amebasisters .

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I choose to take that as a compliment.!

    • @dmadhav4867
      @dmadhav4867 3 місяці тому

      @@ClevaLab 🙂😂

  • @meghnashah8752
    @meghnashah8752 3 місяці тому

    Coud you do an explanation for elementary/middle school students?

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm currently aiming for university level and above, but it's a good idea. I'll put it on my list. 👍

    • @meghnashah8752
      @meghnashah8752 2 місяці тому

      @@ClevaLab I understand! Thanks!

  • @rastcheck6037
    @rastcheck6037 4 місяці тому

    Thanks. The Human reference DNA how was create?

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 The human reference genome was created by Sanger sequencing done by the Human Genome Project. I also have a video on Sanger sequencing here: ua-cam.com/video/X9566yI2cBo/v-deo.html

    • @rastcheck6037
      @rastcheck6037 3 місяці тому

      @@ClevaLab thanks a lot :)

  • @user-ll2np8db3p
    @user-ll2np8db3p 4 місяці тому

    Where was this video all my life!! Excellent explanation of the concept.

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 місяці тому

      I'm so glad it was helpful. 🤓 Thanks for your comment.

  • @AsfandyarAfridi
    @AsfandyarAfridi 4 місяці тому

    Thank you so much, you can't imagine how much you have helped me. I have been confused for more an year and ths cleared everything

    • @ClevaLab
      @ClevaLab 3 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment. 🤓 I'm so glad it was helpful.

  • @AsfandyarAfridi
    @AsfandyarAfridi 4 місяці тому

    Thank you so much, you can't imagine how much you have helped me. I have been confused for more an year and ths cleared everything