C++ Features You Might Not Know - Jonathan Müller - C++ on Sea 2023

Поділитися
Вставка
  • Опубліковано 22 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 105

  • @0xybelis
    @0xybelis Рік тому +51

    I use + for char for streams.
    char c = 65;
    std::cout

    • @cblbopotka3915
      @cblbopotka3915 Рік тому +7

      Good point, also unary plus help to shorten that ugly static_cast out. Not the way it designed, but hey, i know what i am doing with my code)

    • @Ariccio123
      @Ariccio123 Рік тому +7

      This is beautiful and cursed.

  • @BartTrojanowski
    @BartTrojanowski Рік тому +134

    Possibly the best C++ talk I've ever seen.

  • @Bolpat
    @Bolpat Рік тому +66

    4:35 C++ making it’s debut in 1998. 22 years later, technology has advanced so much, we found out that inequality means not being equal.

    • @monad_tcp
      @monad_tcp Рік тому +4

      still undefined behavior on integer operations, even thou all processors that still run uses IEEE754

  • @pmcgee003
    @pmcgee003 Рік тому +40

    The man is a farmer.
    Outstanding in his field. 👍

    • @Evan490BC
      @Evan490BC 2 місяці тому

      I thought he was a miller...

  • @failgun
    @failgun Рік тому +25

    These sorts of talks are always my favourite. Cursed code, great humour, but still teach deep (maybe even useful) things about the language

  • @lukaszmmaciejewski
    @lukaszmmaciejewski Рік тому +27

    finally a decent “WAT” talk for C++ ;)

  • @legofan2284
    @legofan2284 Рік тому +87

    The reason nobody uses valarray is nobody knows of its existence

    • @henrikholst7490
      @henrikholst7490 Рік тому +2

      I know about it but I want a linear algebra vector 😅

    • @Bolpat
      @Bolpat Рік тому

      I used valarray a lot when I took the C++ course at my university.

    • @JohnDlugosz
      @JohnDlugosz Рік тому

      That's *because* we've been handed down the wisdom to ignore it, and this gets repeated instead of going over it, whenever std library features are being explained.

    • @MrRaizada
      @MrRaizada Рік тому

      @@henrikholst7490 You use boost then. :)

  • @acestapp1884
    @acestapp1884 Рік тому +36

    Lol I got called out in a code review last week for an 'else for'.
    Rounding to even is also called Bankers' Rounding, and is a tiny bit more stable because half of the .5s are rounded down and half are rounded up.

    • @JohnDlugosz
      @JohnDlugosz Рік тому +2

      @@anon_y_mousse Yes, another speaker pushed back with, "why _isn't_ it one line?"

    • @failgun
      @failgun Рік тому +3

      Thank you for providing a use case for Banker's rounding, I instinctively thought when he defined it "why would you do that?" but it makes a lot of sense with that observation.

    • @moestietabarnak
      @moestietabarnak Рік тому

      i'd like a proof for this "because half of the .5s are rounded down and half are rounded up." ... ex periment, enter a shop, ANY shop, look at the sales price of things.. and count how many up and down you would do for the whole shop
      I'm willing to bet it's not 50/50..

    • @balijosu
      @balijosu 3 місяці тому

      ​@moestietabarnak That's not the usecase. It's more about making sure your statistical calculations don't drift.
      ETA: For storing prices, you're better off storing an int number of cents.

  • @N....
    @N.... Рік тому +26

    Great talk, I learned some interesting tidbits. I'm surprised I didn't know about the dynamic_cast feature, that's pretty nifty.

    • @cpponsea
      @cpponsea  Рік тому +8

      Pleased to hear that you found the presentation helpful!

  • @oisyn-
    @oisyn- Рік тому +16

    Re 4:20 and 7:40. The (overloaded) comma operator can be useful to deal with function returns in template code where the return type might be void. Because void is an incomplete type, you can't assign it to a local variable. However, void is allowed as an operand for the comma operator. You can't overload the comma where one of the operands is void, but we can use that to our advantage. This allows you to do something like:
    template struct wrapped { T value; };
    template struct wrapped { };
    template T unwrap(wrapped t) { return t.value; }
    void unwrap(wrapped) { }
    // the trick:
    template wrapped operator,(T t, wrapped) { return { t }; }
    template auto foo(T t)
    {
    // call some unknown overloaded function that *might* return void
    // auto r = bar(t); // This won't work if bar(t) returns void
    auto r = (bar(t), wrapped()); // But this will
    // do something else, otherwise we could've just done 'return bar(t)'
    return unwrap(r); // return the original value, or void
    }
    When bar(t) is not void, the template operator,() is invoked, returning the result of bar(t) wrapped in a wrapped as per its implementation. If bar(t) is void, you get the built-in operator,(), which returns the second operand, a wrapped in this case. We can then copy this around safely, do some other stuff, and then finally unwrap the original value. Unwrapping a wrapped just returns void, and you are in fact allowed to return the result of an expression of type void in a function that returns void.
    This code was just to get the idea across btw, it can use some perfect forwarding love. Of course there are other ways to solve this problem (e.g., constexpr if or specializations), but they usually involve code duplication.

    • @Bolpat
      @Bolpat Рік тому +2

      This is amazing.

    • @teodormaxim5033
      @teodormaxim5033 Рік тому

      @@BolpatOr rather cursed

    • @2sadrien
      @2sadrien Рік тому

      damn both cursed AND amazing

    • @IAmNotASandwich453
      @IAmNotASandwich453 5 днів тому

      I feel a way simpler version would be using std::any (Yay, actually a scenario where that one is useful)
      You declare your var that Stores the return value to be a std::any and with type traits you detect if your function returns something or not. If yes, save it in the any and use any_cast to get its actual value, if not, just call your callable without saving it anywhere

  • @ivaneo_m
    @ivaneo_m Рік тому +10

    Another use case of dynamic_cast is when you overload delete operator. Because you need to pass the exact same address to the free that was returned from malloc in your overloaded new operator.

  • @vsarcawastaken
    @vsarcawastaken Рік тому +9

    At 4:00, the comma operator is very useful when defining macros, since it allows you to run multiple statements in the place of one.

  • @aniketbisht2823
    @aniketbisht2823 Рік тому +5

    This was extremely enlightening.

  • @XDzZyq
    @XDzZyq Рік тому +5

    it seems sizeof(+a)["12345"] == '1' but (sizeof(+a))["12345"] == '4'. Built on MSVC

  • @NonTwinBrothers
    @NonTwinBrothers Рік тому +3

    This is now my favorite "grammatically correct but what the hell are you doing with the language" talk :D

  • @oriyadid
    @oriyadid Рік тому +5

    Great talk, very entertaining!

  • @JohnDlugosz
    @JohnDlugosz Рік тому +2

    re valarray: Back in the day, like right after C++98 was published, the word was that valarray was a goofup and we should just ignore it. There was no streaming videos, but there were talks given with people listening, just like they do today to go over all the new features when an updated standard is published. The insight from those talks were published in the major programming magazines as this was just before the ubiquity of Internet access and the demise of magazines, and also a few blog posts.
    I also don't remember _why_ . Perhaps it was fixed at some point, e.g. C++11? I have some vague memory that this might be the case.
    Browsing a bit, I'm reminded that it proved inferior to 3rd part libraries that used *expression templates* .

  • @thomfox871
    @thomfox871 Рік тому +15

    static actually has two meanings in C. The second one is for declaring the minimum size of arrays in function parameters, but every known compiler so far simply ignores this. (C11 6.7.6.3/7, was 6.7.5.3/7 in C99)

    • @Alguem387
      @Alguem387 Рік тому +1

      in gcc at least it detects null with static 1

  • @kippers12isOG
    @kippers12isOG Рік тому +5

    The rounding to nearest even number is to avoid errors growing too much

  • @Hauketal
    @Hauketal Рік тому +6

    About those negative % operations: Ada has both *rem* and *mod* operators, so one can choose.
    But not compatible with C heritage.

    • @Luxalpa
      @Luxalpa 10 місяців тому

      i think rust has the same

  • @maxoumimaro
    @maxoumimaro 8 місяців тому

    I love that this guy taught me so much about c++ and that I could probably teach him kinda of the same thing on template and compile time c++ xD

  • @Yupppi
    @Yupppi Рік тому +1

    Just this week I ended up on the valarray cppreference page from something else and found the trace for matrix explained, sort of what I've wanted to do, use vector algebra in code. What a coincidence.

  • @Cromius771
    @Cromius771 4 місяці тому

    Wherever people complain about how complicated c++ is i just show them this video

  • @lunafoxfire
    @lunafoxfire Рік тому +3

    I still cannot believe C++ programmers make fun of javascript with a straight face

  • @WilliamTaylor-h4r
    @WilliamTaylor-h4r 6 місяців тому

    You need the thing that closes each function down all neatly by clicking on the greater than symbol like in dark basic & Java. Pull out the MASM64 debugger with the void object.

  • @VioletGiraffe
    @VioletGiraffe Рік тому

    Great talk! I learned way more new and curious stuff than I expected to.

    • @cpponsea
      @cpponsea  Рік тому +1

      Very pleased to hear that you enjoyed this presentation!

  • @rimaraf999
    @rimaraf999 Рік тому

    Excellent talk! I definitely learned a thing or two.

  • @will1am
    @will1am Рік тому +1

    Awesome pres! :)

  • @konstantinrebrov675
    @konstantinrebrov675 Рік тому

    Thanks, comrade.

  • @samuelskean6312
    @samuelskean6312 Рік тому

    I love the talk. However, I think there's a mistake at 13:55. The first line of Duff's device should be:
    auto n = (count + 7) / 8;
    not:
    auto n = (count + 7) % 8;

  • @EdwardSpriggs
    @EdwardSpriggs Рік тому +2

    "long thread_local unsigned extern long d;" made my eyelid twitch when I read it... which is, I suppose, the point.

  • @monad_tcp
    @monad_tcp Рік тому

    4:22 looks like a math expression, I liked it

  • @DuRoehre90210
    @DuRoehre90210 Рік тому +3

    I am not surprised that Rust is getting momentum. C++ could have been a good language but its "golden goose" (C compatibility) shows its strings, more and more. And its template design, while being cool in the theory, shows the massive explosion of complexity which is hard to manage by compiler builders and users as well. Same for operator overloading -> looks cool but creates a potential hell of complexity and dangers in the usage. While, at the same time, the fluent API style which feels more natural is often too hard to implement due to random quirks (const rules, move rules weirdness, etc., which are ALSO partly a consequence of the language legacies).

    • @harleyspeedthrust4013
      @harleyspeedthrust4013 Рік тому +4

      skill issue

    • @Spartan322
      @Spartan322 Рік тому +1

      As a developer, I'd rather have these features and advise against their misuse then to simply be told I'm not allowed to have them at all, I've used numerous languages, and I will always unequivocally say the worst experiences are from the expectation by the language designers that I should not be allowed to do something at all. For example there are absolutely functionality provided by templates and such operator overloading that literally cannot be provided in any other language out of lack of support for said features, and every alternative is absolutely worse and 90% of the time violated DRY. (and if we had either perfect compile time introspective reflection, especially the capacity to get type and function names, or language integrated macros, I wouldn't have to rely upon the C preprocessor to follow DRY at all in C++23) Unopinionated languages are honestly just superior as far as I'm concerned.
      As an aside it took longer for them to implement modules in an experimental state then it did a bug free template system, honestly I don't think the maintaining of templating has been nearly as much a problem as modules have been.

  • @davidsicilia5316
    @davidsicilia5316 Рік тому +3

    On slide 15 it says that the overloadable binary operator must have high precedence... why?

    • @velimirchakhnovski2380
      @velimirchakhnovski2380 Рік тому +4

      It is for macro hygiene, otherwise code surrounding `tc_scope_exit` could interfere.
      For example if `tc_scope_exit` contained an operator with precedence lower than `+`, and a user overloaded + to do something else, then tc_scope_exit would apply after their `+`.
      `tc_scope_exit { CloseHandle(hfile); } + dummy;`

  • @bluespeck
    @bluespeck Рік тому +5

    Great talk, thanks!
    Wanted to point out that at time t=797, Duff's Device code, on slide 27, has a small typo, first line should be `auto n = (count + 7) / 8;`

    • @jcsahnwaldt
      @jcsahnwaldt Рік тому +1

      And of course, all occurrences of `*to` should be `*to++`.
      Unless there's a weird overload of the `*` operator, I guess...

    • @jcsahnwaldt
      @jcsahnwaldt Рік тому

      Or maybe not. In a thread below, @anon_y_mousse mentions a special case where Duff's device is useful without incrementing the `to` pointer.

  • @derekpmoore
    @derekpmoore Рік тому

    Wow some of these tricks seem quite useful

  • @monad_tcp
    @monad_tcp Рік тому

    36:26 there is a technical reason , you didn't say if it was implemented as column major or row major matrices

  • @yokozombie
    @yokozombie Рік тому

    Nice!

  • @tomaspecl1082
    @tomaspecl1082 Рік тому

    This is so cool. I liked the switch stuff.

  • @gregthemadmonk
    @gregthemadmonk Рік тому +2

    24:46 ```
    using fp = int (*)(int);
    operator fp() { /* ... */ }
    ```
    😄
    edit: Oh, it's explained 10 seconds later that it's the only way to do it 🤦

  • @alonamaloh
    @alonamaloh Рік тому +9

    Here's another funny corner of the language:
    #include
    int main() {
    volatile char const * s = "Hello, world!";
    std::cout

  • @PeterZaitcev
    @PeterZaitcev Рік тому +1

    Before watching, here is my guess: it will print compiler error

  • @rafa_br34
    @rafa_br34 Рік тому

    This is underrated

  • @Zekses
    @Zekses Рік тому +4

    I've once had a use case where it was actually required for short circuit to not happen because expression could execute in two modes - calculative mode (where it was necessary). and dependent argument recording mode (which had to execute in full once). so overloading && and || can have its use

  • @MegaMech
    @MegaMech Рік тому +3

    If you do *(arr + value) please stop. Older compilers output different assembly or regalloc when you do that.

    • @JohnDlugosz
      @JohnDlugosz Рік тому +3

      @MegaMech Why wouldn't a compiler handle that just the same? What old compiler?

  • @yxyk-fr
    @yxyk-fr Рік тому

    I learned things I wish I didn't have to.

  • @leshommesdupilly
    @leshommesdupilly 3 місяці тому

    I wanna write some cursed cpp now

  • @yxyk-fr
    @yxyk-fr Рік тому

    C++ : never start, there is no cure !

  • @__hannibaalbarca__
    @__hannibaalbarca__ Рік тому +1

    It’snt Sea, it s oCean 🌊; as mathematician I see it’s very closer to mathematics language; i hope and i m working on it.

  • @roboterbasteln
    @roboterbasteln Рік тому

    That floating point stuff (@18:38) must be so un-threadsafe...

    • @framepointer
      @framepointer Рік тому

      The floating point environment is thread-local.

  • @Grecks75
    @Grecks75 5 місяців тому

    Assuming an int has 32 bits on your machine, this should print 6.

  • @justusranvier5364
    @justusranvier5364 Рік тому +41

    Most of these features are cancer except for the trick of putting "using enum" inside the switch statement.

    • @Stdvwr
      @Stdvwr Рік тому +4

      still cancer because if the enum's member gets renamed or deleted it can lead to a runtime error instead of a compile time

  • @alanwest6949
    @alanwest6949 Рік тому

    Is it 56? Like some rarely used offset expression? (Edit: 😊 or 456 tricked by +😄 Edit2: ahhhhhh I started watching the video, I didn’t know that).
    I’m usually using i16_t = short; It feels irresponsible to express a type without specifying the size even if defined elsewhere. I can imagine a short to be 12, 18, or 24 bit on any LLP64 LP64 system, especially if a design found a better sweet spot for their industry.
    Edit2 continued:
    I use the sequence operator to express something that must happen in sequence. I like “return something, result;”
    I use semicolons for expressions which a compiler can reorder, or even parallelise if it sees a way.

  • @panjak323
    @panjak323 10 місяців тому

    I'm so looking forward to std simd.

  • @Ptr-NG
    @Ptr-NG 11 місяців тому

    This fancy but a bit complicated :(

  • @leshommesdupilly
    @leshommesdupilly 3 місяці тому

    And we all mocked Javascript´s banana...

  • @protonray
    @protonray Рік тому

    Aaaaaaah, white background!

  • @nathanas64
    @nathanas64 Рік тому +2

    The thing I loved about C and C++ is they were small. The various committees added stupid features which made the language large.
    Of course no one needs to use these features, but try maintaining someone else’s code that has some of these useless features.

    • @photonicpizza1466
      @photonicpizza1466 Рік тому

      Yeah, codebases from entirely different teams looked pretty much the same 20 years ago, the only differences were stylistic ones like whether braces go on the same line or a new line. Nowadays, different codebases in C++ look like different languages, especially with the chaotic mishmash of features added in C++17 and onwards.

  • @xcoder1122
    @xcoder1122 Рік тому

    C++ doesn't have features, it only has issues.

  • @eugenschabenberger5772
    @eugenschabenberger5772 11 місяців тому

    If I was your boss and you come up with code like this, you rewrite it, so everyone understands it on first sight or you get fired.

  • @codewizard58
    @codewizard58 Рік тому +1

    C++ has become way too verbose. Too many things you have to remember. I switched from Pascal to C because Pascal was too verbose. It can be very hard to look at a small segment of code and have no idea what it is doing.

    • @jursamaj
      @jursamaj Рік тому +1

      I think you used exactly the wrong word there. "Verbose" means using a lot of words to say something. The point of C++ having many "words" available, is that you use very few to "say" what you want. Using few words is "terse", not "verbose".

  • @nezu_cc
    @nezu_cc Рік тому

    and you thought js was bad....

  • @robmorgan1214
    @robmorgan1214 Рік тому

    The language has become cursed. So many gotchas.

  • @KleptomaniacJames
    @KleptomaniacJames 10 місяців тому

    This is disgusting. What the hell are the standard devs doing?

  • @dagahanfdm
    @dagahanfdm 6 місяців тому

    This is why C++ is the worst language ever. An abomination.