Let’s make some fuel cells - PEM and hydrogen tech overview - 8k
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- Опубліковано 27 вер 2024
- #PEM #hydrogen #fuel #cell #drone #Mirai #trolleybus
Fuel cell animation. We synthesized platinum nanoparticle-carbon catalyst and made a nafion membrane electrode assembly - MEA. Single cell measurements. Components of a single cell and composing a stack. Testing 1 kW stack. Testing Toyota Mirai, car race. Visiting hydrogen tanking station in Riga, Latvia. Visiting hydrogen drone company Skycorp. Rail Baltic animation.
Liquid H2 tank (Tiia Monto)
Toyota Mirai hydrogen tank (Mario Roberto Durán Ortiz)
Toyota Mirai section video by permission of Toyota Baltic
Hydrogen train (FelixM)
Hydrogen plane (Adambro)
Laboratory shots in University of Tartu
PEM fuel cell and hydrogen technologies
PEM-Brennstoffzellen- und Wasserstofftechnologien
PEM kütuseelement ja vesinikutehnoloogiad
Tigu Diego sõitis tagasi tööle Regiosse.
PEM kurināmā elementu un ūdeņraža tehnoloģijas
Ogniwa paliwowe i technologie wodorowe PEM
Tecnologías de células de combustible e hidrógeno PEM
Células de combustível PEM e tecnologias de hidrogênio
Tecnologie PEM per celle a combustibile e idrogeno
Technologies de pile à combustible PEM et d'hydrogène
chemicum.com
superaccu
This channel is really something else. Thanks for the amazing and fascinating content! Your stuff goes more in-depth than most :)
:)
0:16 internet explorer moves everywhere 😂😂
it is true, I cheated a bit
Yes.Latvia..and.Hidrogen.....Nice.
Good.Luck...Eesti.Bro.
I never thought making a fuel cell was that hard .. damn
I was expecting some DIY video. Nice stuff you guys are doing.
Yeah, it is kind of DIY-in-a-lab. We add DIY to those video headings only what can be made using household materials
This pleases me! Thnks man!! Now, time for some ice cream.
9:08 cheers ^^ scientists crazy peoples
great explanation, thank you for the video
Amazing video.. good job team
I really like your videos guys. Thank you for sharing
can you please reference the paper that yo used? if you wrote a paper please tell where you published it, it looks you guys are doing great work, i would also like to recreate the fuel cell.
Great job! Lots of information about hydrogen and fuel cells I didn't see anywhere else. Please keep provide high-information-density videos like that one :)
verdade. eu tabém não tinha visto tanta junta.
very cool - thanks for sharing.
Amazing!! Ma shaa Allah :)
Awesome video! So interesting!
This is very dense information here
Hydrogen fuel is the future
yeah, in fusion reactors
I have recently started a deep dive into fuel cells, so many different physical constructions and chemistries
very detailed, you are the best !!
Thnks
This answered every question I had on the technical side.
For cars, what is the safety concerns of the hydrogen tanks on cars, when they often crash. That much hydrogen would make a really really big explosion
Indeed, explosions may happen. However, hydrogen tanks are really strong and protected in the center of a car so most collisions won’t break the balloon
Just wanna add that it was found that in the event of a rupture, the extreme low density of hydrogen causes it to first escape and disperse quicker than anything else, then it also flys up instead of pooling. It's actually quite safe.
Great Video!
Amazing video!! Brilliant!
Ideal channel for an engineer that wants more.
Welcome to the future.
If they could make a fuel cell that ran on both the Carbon and Hydrogen in hydrocarbons, you would have a superb energy density.
SOFC can use methane
@@chemicum It only reforms the methane to hydrogen inside the fuel cell and then uses the hydrogen. A combustion engine would extract more energy from the methane.
I’ve been noodling a hydrogen production method that in my understanding would be zero waste and reusable and highly efficient. I’d love to see it put to use.
Three tanks, two storage and one reaction. One tank of water you keep filled, one tank of sulfuric acid(sealed).
In the reaction tank is gallium and aluminum powder.
The gallium amalgamates the aluminum.
Water is pumped into reaction vessel and hydrogen is released from the water and oxygen bonds with the aluminum. The hydrogen is captured.
When reaction is complete the remaining water is pumped out and sulfuric acid is pumped in.
The acid strips the oxygen off the aluminum and releases it and it’s evacuated from the reaction vessel. When the reaction has completed the acid is pumped out and the cycle repeats.
The part where acid strips oxygen from aluminum does not work
@@chemicum I watched a video of nilered using acid to remove the oxide layer from aluminum. A quick googling shows hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid to dissolve the oxide layer.
ua-cam.com/video/IrdYueB9pY4/v-deo.html
@1:29 he shows the reaction. Seems the acid may wind up being diluted over time so the acid may need to be replaceable not sealed.
Aluminum oxide + Hcl = aluminum chloride and water
So I suppose the system would need a ph sensor to detect when the acid won’t react anymore to allow replacement.
The acid can strip outside oxide of aluminum, but not convert aluminum oxide to aluminum. HCl may convert Al2O3 to AlCl3 x 6H2O where aluminum is actually bonded to oxygen atoms. So to make the system repeatable there has to be a step where AlCl3x6H2O is converted to metallic aluminum.
@@chemicum does aluminum chloride amalgamate with gallium? Otherwise the aluminum will eventually be wholly consumed by being converted to aluminum chloride and the acid will be diluted with the water produced. So it’s not perfect but it should be more efficient than electrolysis. And easier for a home hydrogen station.
Is this an idea you could test and refine the process for?
Or do you think it’s just not as efficient or easy?
We got distracted by the Chicken and went back to see it again?
DIY PEM fuel cells at home / all the tricks publicly available
That is so impressive, wow😲
There isn't any video close to the quality of this in terms of information! Great work thanks!
I have a question though
what is the volume of the ethylene glycol used, the naoh solution and concentration used
The intensity (low med high) and time of the microwave
And when making the ink what's the amount of nafion solution used?
Why was humidifying the gas necessary for the cell?
How was the gas diffusion layer made? For the anode and cathode
What is the bipolar plate made of
Can you compress the stack with hydraulic press for better efficiency? Would it work?
Thank you for your time
I genuinely appreciate the information you've made available for us
Great work! Keep it up!!!
Humidifiying was needed for test cell, but in the stack there are already special layers that keep H2O concentration in suitable level.
@@chemicum Thanks for the information 😊 that's really kind of you
I have owned my Toyota Mirai for 5 years this month.
average fuel consumption?
@@chemicum over the 70,000 miles I've driven it, I have used 1150kg of hydrogen.
@@homomorphic So it is 1.02 kg per 100 km. It is quite reasonable, though 25% higher than claimed by Toyota. So the hydrogen car exaggerates somewhat fuel consumption similarly to gasoline cars.
@@chemicum depends how you drive. Most of my miles were at freeway speeds (75mph).
неплохо
So how can we do this at home =), and you should use noctua fans best ever.
Wast tungsten carbide usefull as a catalyst cheaper than pl roneinst
WC catalyst, really?
Why not use urea instead of pure water in production of hydrogen?
not enough urea
Solar Panels -> Distilled Water Tank -> Electrolysis / Hydrogen Storage.
60% is really damn good efficiency increase
Good job👍👍👍👏👏👏👏
Could you use Ammonia to store hydrogen? Is it too energy consuming to separate the 2NH3?
Direct ammonia fuel cells exist. Just the smell of ammonia..
Of course ammonia was usefull in airco's and Collins roneinst
So as I understand, one of the only bottleneck for hydrogen engine is the price of platinium?
The price of bulk platinum for Toyota Mirai is less than 500 Eur and amount of Pt decreases in future hydrogen cars. So, out of 80000 Eur price tag it is a small amount. But the price of nafion, platinum nanoparticles, etc is a lot. The price will be probably much lower in near future
Thanks for the helpful video. For my bachelor thesis I have to make a catalyst myself in the lab. Can you please tell me the exact quantities in g or if you could send the directions ? I would be very grateful.
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10008-022-05326-4
Where did you source your H2 Gas Tank? Thanks
Awesome video. Really enjoyed all the information you could present. I have being searching information about hydrogen cells and this was very helpful. Could you make video about this hydrogen drone? How it was build and where you can buy good hydrogen cells or did you made them?
Why nobody doesnt make drone for human transportation with fuel cell?
they will
@@chemicum what already not? What are current technical restrictions?
What is the white layer placed after MEA was kept . What is the material the white layer is made of
where exactly min:sek in the video?
@3:06
I think it is teflon sheet or something similar. Used as sealing material here
A friend of mine said all of the extra water being put into the environment when Hydrogen cars are everywhere would offset the balance of the atmosphere and environment. Is this true?
water is released indeed and water vapor is greenhouse gas. However, water vapor concentration in air is rather related to other factors. Secondly, water can be collected easily from exhaust.
So@@chemicum having it released into the atmosphere is bad but storing it and disposing of it is a way to fix this issue. But when we dispose of it how can we stop it still causing issues or storing it ?
@@CapsosUk I think I can make a better work explaining this.
First, when your car use gasoline, a huge % of that gasoline is hydrogen which combined with oxygen release the same or more water vapor than a fuel cell (because ICE engines are less efficient).
Second, water vapor by it self does not contribute with Global warming.
The amount of water in the atmosphere is given by the world average temperature, this temperature can increase if you have more co2 or methane in the atmosphere.
By it self, water condense in matter of days, meanwhile co2 last 50 to 100 years in the atmosphere. If water would be an issue.. then we would be death, because we have oceans, lakes and trees that release water vapor to the atmosphere.
So no... the amount of water in the atmosphere does not depend on the water vapor sources, it depends on the atmosphere temperature, higher temperature in the atmosphere, more water can remain in the air which only then helps to trap more heat.
can possible electrolyte in liquid hydrogen gas in fuel cell
What is the average "lifespan" of 1kW PEM cell in megawatt hours? 1MWh? 10MWh?
Don't know, but we had bunch of PEM electrolyzers that were failing in 6-11 years of operation.
@@chemicum I see. Thanks for taking time to reply!
@@chemicum Sorry, I misunderstood. I meant to ask about the fuel cell that consumes the hydrogen. Can you please tell me how much electricity in watthours can it produce during its entire average lifespan if we assume it's capable of producing 1kW?
@@Morlev44 Don't know, depends on the manufacturer
gj with the vid bro :)
Hi! To you cell the hydrogen fuel cells? Or is a place where i can buy them?
No, we only produce metal-air batteries (superaccu.com).
@@chemicum ok, thank you! Cheers
so Latvia makes hydrogen from petrolium gas. WHHHHHHHHYYYYYYYY?
cheaper
@@chemicum so its a fossil fueled hydrogen car now. bcf H pricing. what would the cost difference be if electrolysis produced hydrogen was used? pref from the cleanest of them all nuclear
electrolysis H2 is more expensive but not much. In places, where electricity is cheap, electrolyzed H2 can be price competitive. Still, this solution enables to get cleaner city air.
very interesting but can you also produce a video, how to make membranes for people without professional
equipment could I buy PEM membranes?
The PEM membrane is extremely expensive and cannot be made at home. However, there are some other membrane compositions that can be made at home indeed.
I think Toyota should provide free education about hydrogen so that we learn hydrogen can be sustained unlike batteries they are too too heavy doesn’t make sense
The Mirai and other hydrogen fuel cell vehicles still have a pretty heavy battery pack in it because the fuel cells can’t provide all the power needed to drive the car at peak demand. It isn’t cost or space effective.
Yo man. Too much work for 1 single cell
Considering these aren't avalible commercially, this is definitely worth it
Question, did you build that stack yourself? What is the guesstimate price of a stack that can produce 1 kW of energy?
The price is 7000 Eur
@@chemicum Did you have a price limit, or was it 7000 euro without budget, just buying what you needed?
@@dwy1171 just average price, could be more, could be less
Hi Chemicum, Where can we buy the PEM, I tried searching but did not find any place for buying!
It's simply because none of the corporation want you to have this technology at home. You must be FULLY dependant on them. This is the main problem of the world today. The technology is there already:/
Sir , can I know ur education qualification like are u physicist, biologist, chemist or engineer
I am chemist
wouldn't it be easier to burn the H2 in a cheap combustion motor, even with de 20% efficiency?
Hydrogen internal-combustion motor would make lot of noise and due to high temperature create lots of NOx gasses so it would be environmentally bad. Fuel cell is quet and 3x effective
Where I can buy?
May I have a link to a research paper for this ?
Make a video on defc or dmfc cells please..
It could be done
@@chemicum thank you kind sir..
He drinks the water a year later you don't ever hear from him again cuz he died
He very alive. Just built world’s first self-driving hydrogen bus.
Ketamine?
I'm guessing that Elon Musk downplayed hydrogen simply because he wanted to accelerate the development of BEVs for use on Mars as neither gas powered cars nor hydrogen cars can be operated on Mars due to their inherent need for an oxygen-rich atmosphere. Likewise, all of Musk's ventures are somehow more pro-Mars, i.e. from creating reusable rockets to reach there, highly efficient BEVs to drive there, compact boring machines that could fit on the Starship so humans can quickly dig underground tunnles on Mars, humanoid robots to create a labor force on Mars, Solar company ofc to generate power and batteries to store them etc.
Nonetheless, I think here on Earth, Hydrogen is supposed to go hand in hand with BEVs, because we cannot replace all our vehicles with BEVs alone, as that would mean an unpresedented surge in the demand for high power draw at superchargers and storage requirements in the temporary absence of natural resources. Hydrogen solves all those problems and it's capabilities are not limited to road vehicles and I think if we work harder on this tech, we will eventually be able to figure out more efficient and easier ways to build hydrogen energy systems as Batteries will reach diminishing returns.
Still, the safety and efficiency of hydrogen technologies must be improved
@@chemicum Absolutely, and yes it can be attained much like the safety and reliability of ICE vehicles. All we need is a shift in the focus which was diverted, thanks to Elon Musk. I wish we had someone as determined as him who would push for hydrogen tech as well and it will happen.
Fuel cells are not as complicated as you are trying to show here.
First tell me how to make those instruments first after lets talk about fuel cells 😃
they cost, but PEM can be made without these. For example, instead of expensive ultrasonic spray coater, carbon paste can be spread on memebrane with knife. Moisture control equipment can be replaced with cup filled with water and two tubes...
@@chemicum how can i contact you. I had other doubts relate to catalyst. And other things. I dnt think platinum is what I will be using ever. But there are lot of other questions i want to ask in depth. Do you have any medium to reach other than comments.
Gaurav Amberkar Hi, better to ask here, I don’t use other mediums. The amount of platinum is ridiculously small in newer cells but we have made other chemistries too
All that video and the quadcopter was a static model. What a ripoff.
Yeah, at the day of filming they were updating software so that flying was not possible.
@@chemicum Yeah, okay. No. I don't believe that. Having a power to weight ratio high enough that it can power a flying quadcopter means unlimited funding and support, as a massive breakthrough. Thus, it's money to pretend you can do that, even when you can't.
Also, I fly quadcopters, and your argument doesn't check out. You can get an off-the-shelf pile of equipment that just needs the power source and it will fly like the dickens. No programing is required. The shit is at a level now that it just fucking works. This device is a scam, and has been reported as such.
@@buckstarchaser2376 They (Skycorp) develop their own software for autonomous fly. 1h flight time is also evidenced with other hydrogen drones, but the 2h flight time - which they claim - is due to lightweight composite hydrogen balloon - it is indeed something that is not yet verified.
Graphaite is cheaper
graphite bipolar plates are probably cheaper, but titanium gives better performance
@@chemicum most of the cell are now in the market is graphite. I didn't find any any titanium there. Have you find any titanium cell in uav as hydrogen fuel cell stack
@@mahmudmitu Toyota Mirai
@@chemicum I do business with hydrogen powered uav drone in China. But here everything is grapahite used. I didn't find any titanium inside the fuel cell in China.
Thank you, thank you thank you again :). You do not know how much I have been looking for something like this video. I gave up some years ago because I could not find nowhing to read about and if one found something it was too big of challange. by looking how you do it you have given me a new idea and hope that I maybe can realise that idea. Thank you and GOD BLESS....:)
I think the car race is off. I think it would be faster than 8.4 sec (gas).
It is pretty adequate as it is manual gearbox and it takes time to change gear
and how do you control the hydrogen flow? isn't hydrogen just gonna escape if the system isn't close looped.
system is tightly closed otherways, hydrogen can only exit the system as water vapor, which can permeate through nafion membrane.
@@chemicum ah so you changed the direction of the plates in the other side, and you must have added some type of seal, smart, but can you share the research paper you used, or the method you followed.
for the method in the video we don't have scientific paper yet. Seal is made of silicone glue.
This is how scientists make UA-cam videos.
When can those hydrogen cells
becomes so strong as they have
in the movie Terminator?
Is theoretical possible?
What if I want to make it?
It is doable, yet some components must be bought
@@chemicum it would be great if I get the details of everything, might do it as one of my projects.
Fascinating
Nice stuff
How does the hydrogen flow through each single cell in the stack built starting at 4:28? It looks like there’s a metal tube where the hydrogen flows in to that has solid walls.
Thank you for the video, very useful
legal. Vc pode fazer um vídeo falando de formas de se armazenar o hidrogênio? 9:37
Really interesting video! I have a quick question guys, what's the difference between the PEM assembly on the minute 3:21 and the one at minute 4:28?
The first one is just a test cell. The second one is stack that can be used commercially.
@@chemicum Thank you very much and very good job guys! Great video
Well it costs me one 1/4 of that to "fill" my electric car and it reaches 100kph in about 4.4 seconds. Yes it takes an hour to charge at a fast charger but 99% of my charging is done at home overnight.
Hydrogen also leaks out of the tiniest orifice and while the car may 60% efficient the over all system efficiency is more like 30-40%.
I think this is great technology, but really only suitable and viable for solar and wind backup.
Has less lithium related contamination thou
etmax1, it's just because you haven't been at school so you don't understand that Li-ion based EVs are pure utopia. I'm not gonna waste my time to explain you why it all will collapse if you increase the amount of Li-ion based EVs in the streets to just 1% or less.
no all the people lives in a house with garage, no all the people can wait hours to recharge if they use it to work, no all the people is fine with low range or operating time.
About hydrogen leaking, it leaks less than helium, and if your container is not a rubber balloon, then not sure what is your issue? Or you think than an hydrogen cars leaks?
Hydrogen is the only cost efficient way to clean some energy sectors in which batteries are not a solution. We need both. Do not ride the battery fanatic train as some people.
What is the environmental impact of lion batteri making vs fuel cell making?
Why this channel is having less subscriber this channel deserves more 🙏 🇮🇳
I never thought science would🙄be this interesting while I was at school
Of course there is interesting and boring part of science
@@chemicum Why still no video is uploaded???
There will be a new video in end of Feb
@@chemicum I thought you forgot the password of your UA-cam account 😂😂
@@Lucky_1_ haa-ha
Hello, may you use pt coated titanium porous material in pem fuel cell?
The hydrogen tank must💪😊
This i mean,very great machine
666 oh my...