How the DUTCH Changed the English Language
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- Опубліковано 1 тра 2024
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In this video you'll discover the extraordinary influence of the Dutch and Flemish on the English Language. Well delve into the history, which includes a look Dutch and Flemish immigration, the economic and trading rivalry between England and the Netherlands as well as four bloody wars. We'll also look at the Dutch in America as well as Expressions about the Dutch in English. If English is not your first language you'll learn a lot of vocabulary too.
00:00 Some Dutch food words and some stats
04:39 About geeks
05:13 NordVpn - sponsored
06:49 A history of the Dutch and Flemish in England
14:39 England and the Netherlands at war
15:55 English expressions about the dastardly Dutch
18:33 The Dutch in New Amsterdam
19:19 Hankering for more Dutch vocabulary
CREDITS
Ian Fleming - photo
By Unknown - Original publication: UnknownImmediate source: www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/art..., Fair use, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?...
By Theo Kruse Burgers' Zoo - Aardvarken - Burgers' Zoo, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
DUTCH WORDS read by Robin Ijsinga
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I don't know for sure but they sound very Dutch to me; Mew(Meeuw), Vase(Vaas), Rucksack(Rugzak), Maelstrom(Maalstroom) ect ect ;)
why dont you get it for yourself?
Dapper means encouraged
First time i see you. Was thinking you seem from Egyptian decent?
@@yvonnecampbell7036 we q
15,000 armed Dutchmen invaded England in 1688, installing a Dutchman as King of England without resistance. In fact, the English thought it was just glorious.
Yes, you're right. The Glorious Revolution. I'll have to mention that in part 2.
@@LetThemTalkTV I thought you were going to bring that up when you mentioned that 1066 wasn’t the last time.
In fact it was a carefully planned coup d'état by a Dutch invasion force and a coterie of English aristocratic conspirators. The 'Glorious' tag was added afterwards as fake news, as part of a nationwide public relations campaign.
Another aspect is the Quaker, Pilgrim, Puritan, dissenter Christian sects who lived in Holland before settling in North America. The impact on the 13 original colonies was even more pronounced.
@@grahamparks1645 Yes, they didn't flee religious oppression, it was the religious freedom in the Dutch Republic they fled because of the influence on their children. The Dutch were (supposed to be) monogamous too but within the context of marriage and finding a spouse, they weren't puritan or prudish at all.
It's hilarious to me that there are so many words that were originally middle Dutch, that we basically forgot about until they were reintroduced through English into the Dutch language.
Thankyou, that's really interesting
Like snacken.
And steak, from Du. steken. In the 17th C. steak was stuck on a stick and roasted over open fire.
Biefstuk must be Belgian though, it's part French. 😉
As well as the infamous word for cattlebreeding.
Snakken was retained in the expression 'naar adem snakken' (to gasp for breath) until someone took the poetic license to say 'ik snak naar een kop koffie' (I'm gasping for a cup of coffee) after which snakken naar made a comeback as 'having a craving for', right next to the reported 'snack' (Du. Tussendoortje).
Gin, the alcoholic drink is from the Dutch word Jenever :)
@@dutchskyrimgamer.youtube2748 In Gronings is een snakker : een opschepper,bluffer.
As an English-speaking expat living nearly a decade in Amsterdam, this made me chuckle. Thanks for making this. I don't think many Americans realize how this seemingly small and relatively (nowadays) quiet country has dramatically influenced the Western World in terms of concepts, names, and customs.
The Dutch republic 1588-1798 was a pain in the royal *sses everywhere in Europe, the Dutch showed that they could do without royals and be very successful because of the low taxation on the people (no pope, no King, only a council of provinces). That made waves, and caused much animosity, and eventually the republic of Holland was defeated by Napoleon, who made his brother the first king of Holland.
@@koenraad4618 And William of Orange showed that a Dutch Stadtholder could become a King of England.
Blokes always taking a jab at Americans. ;^) Have you ever read Washington Irving's "Rip Van Winkle?" We have been steeped in the Dutch heritage of our Republic since we were knee high to a grasshopper.
"Rip Van Winkle" follows a Dutch-American villager in colonial America named Rip Van Winkle who meets mysterious Dutchmen bowling nine pins, imbibes their liquor and falls asleep in the Catskill Mountains. He awakes 20 years later to a very changed world, having missed the American Revolution.
@@koenraad4618 17 great grandfathers ago was a king in some small part which is now in the Netherlands. There still stands a family castle with painting of old dead relatives, which is now a museum/events venue and an area (suburb) that still carries my family name and I'm sure I can be a royal pain in the *ss too 😅
With only a slight twist in history, the USA would have (mostly) spoken Dutch... but the Dutch traded New York for Surinam.
I’m Flemish. When I was 18 I was an exchange student in the US. The teacher played a record of the Canterbury Tales. Everybody thought it sounded very weird, except me, to me it sounded very familiar. I could read the Canterbury Tales like on the record just by pronouncing (nearly) every sound the ”Flemish” way. I guess the Flemish skipped all the sound shifts that happened after the Canterbury Tales.
Frisian and Flemish are rhe closest cousins of English so it does make sense.
In fact many linguists argue English is a creole not a language
Correct, the flemisch where earlier ( about ad 1000) in England and more precisely in Scotland, and scone comes from schoon, this means in flemisch beautiful and so on…
The Dutch language has skipped all the major linguistic shifts that happened in English and German and French since somewhere between 1500-1600, because it was the first language in Europe to be standardized in terms of spelling and pronunciation. We still have the largest dictionary in the world containing about a quarter million words. Estimates are there are about a million words recorded in the history of modern Dutch.
Middle English has a lot of French in it.
The Dutch dug silver for their coins in the Czech Republic, in a valley called Joachimsthal, which was translated in Dutch : Joachimsdal. The coins were called "daalders" , in which you can detect "dal". They took the coins and the name to America and , yes, there the word got an English twist to "Dollar".
The Austrians have Thalers which is where I thought Dollar came from. The Maria Theresa Thaler was in its day the most used and trusted international coinage due to the fact it had writing around the edge so impossible to snip bits off without detection. Could be either I suppose.
@@roverboat2503 I heard this in a lecture from a professor in history, I think that it is reliable information. There used to be a lot of different currencies in the early days of the USA, at some point they decided that it would be easier to have one single currency. The Dutch founded New York and brought their currency into the country.
@@roverboat2503 "Thaler" "Daalder" sound both like Dollar anyways
@@roverboat2503 The Austrian Thaler/Taler came first.
The Dutch got the idea for the Daaler from the Thaler/Taler which was also used in parts of Germany as well as Austria
@@roverboat2503 Thal is the german word for valley, Dal is the dutch word.
As a Dutch naturalised brit I enjoyed the video, thanks! I have a different version of "Dutch Courage" because the substance in question was not alcohol but cocaine. The Dutch Royal family used to own the biggest cocaine factory in the world at the turn of the 1900's and sold it to both Britain and Germany during the first world war. It was used to "pep up" the troops in the trenches before they went over the top to fight. Giving them some "Dutch Courage" to overcome their fear.
Dutch courage, double Dutch, going Dutch and so many words I now realise come from Dutch! Then we have the Dutch directness!! Where does that derive from?
@@snooepijeleeuwenkamp9365 The so called Dutch directness is nothing compared to what you find in South Africa (Where Afrikaans is modern form of Dutch). So-called direct Dutch people often need trauma counseling when experiencing the South African directness, especially the Afrikaans version! The saying "He calls a spade a spade" - is changed in Afrikaans to go "He calls a spade a F@#$%! graaf". Graaf is Afrikaans for spade. F@#$%! is another version of the notorious 'f' word, but in Afrikaans it is 'fokken', which is the term used in everyday life in the Netherlands for breeding animals. In the Netherlands it is not a swearword, but in South Afrika it is as bad as the 'f' word. So they are VERY direct.
@@brentrenkin4242 thank you for that i wasn't aware about afrikaans but it makes sense now, i met a guy from SA he left and came to the UK because of all the trouble and he was so direct and way too soon for someone i had only just met, my father [from den haag] was really direct and it's ok to be so but he would never back down he was always right!! even when he wasn't, you learn something new every day, thanks for the info
@@brentrenkin4242 whats the f word? fun?
@@brentrenkin4242 Graaf? Is that where graft comes from?
As a Dutchman I found this episode highly informative. You mentioned quite a few English words that I had recognized as familiar to Dutch without realizing that they actually descended from the Dutch language.
In the New York area it's common to hear the term "stoop" for front porch which I believe comes from "stoep". Another word they coined into American English is "boss" from "baas" and let's not forget "Santa Claus" from "Sante Klaas or Sinter Niklaas" and his "sleigh" from "slee". Thanks for the great video!
Yes, we were New Amsterdam...
And of course _cookie_ -- from _koekie,_ itself a dimunitive of _koek,_ meaning _cake._ :)
Baas is the most exported word of the Dutch language. Boss in English speaking countries, baz in Latin America. I forget what the Russians call it, but they adapted it too.
Ahh Satan Claws is Dutch, awesome! 👏🏼 🤩 😎
Is there a video about the vocal shifts in English. Why they did it? The european languages I know don't do it.
Dutch also had a huge influence in US politics. Martin van Buren was the 10th US president, and Dutch was his first language. The Roosevelts (field of roses in Dutch) were also of Dutch ancestry.
True, and even much of the US culture of embracing new cultures to join them (everyone is tolerated, irrespective of religion, cultural habits, etc., as long as you play by basic rules and are a good trading partner) can be traced back to the Dutch open trading culture, which influenced New York (New Amsterdam)/the East coast where the colonisation of the US by Europeans started. The British and the French were far less tolerant, and had a strong policy of "assimilation" (forcing other cultures into their belief system, including language, religion etc.) That may be one of the reasons the US was able to attract such a diverse "melting pot" of entrepreneurial and explorative people and become a leading country in the 19th/20th century.
Some additions to that ..
"Plakaat van Verlatinghe" = the Dutch declaration of independence copied more or less to English for the American declaration of independence.
Staten Island = Staaten Eylandt = Staten Generaal = The Dutch parliament
Nieuwe Dorp = New Dorp, currently a suburb on Staten Island.
Walstraat = Wallstreet, but this 'wal' in Dutch is actually a wall on the sides of canals.
And there are probably many, many more.
Sadly, those both presidents had an awful reputation towards the American indignious population and tribes. Not proud of.
@@Jila_Tana I heard that the Bill of Rights was based off of het Plakaat van Verlatinghe which in turn influenced the Declaration of Indepence.
The biggest thing the US picked up from the Dutch was Religous Tolerance. None of the other European Colonial Powers was tolerant of Religions other than thier own state religion.
Fantastic - one of the few speakers today who does not use background 'music' noise, because he shows respect for his listeners.
Hear hear.
Couldn't agree more! The nasty habit of producing videos with loud intros or even worse: background audio pollution, is ruining many otherwise great videos! Please keep criticizing this nasty Hollywood habit
Yes, and no stupid countdowns ie "and coming in at nnnumberrrr 9, Koffie!!"
Couldn’t agree more. And taking the time to tell a story. Wonderful
Talking about fantastic... In Dutch Fantastisch ! 😃✨
I travel the world as someone born in Amsterdam, and it's always interesting to see Dutch influence in countries all over the world.
@@molepup Not sure if yawn also has Dutch origins, but possibly!
It's you! You are traveling the world... 🌍😅
Yes, also the Indonesian independence war was a bloody matter and a a bad influence...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution. Just after being occupied by the Nazis besides. Just like the French did in Algeria. Power is a nasty thing and the European colonization of the world was very nasty indeed.
Oh yes, in the XVII century they numbered only 1,7 Million citizens thus when taking over the Portugues (invaded by spain) settle points, and expanding, the didn't dream of imposing their culture, just of having merchant point all over the world... far more welkom at that time than the later french/english invasion habits, thus they where a bit everywhere...and efficient.
I'm a Dutchman living in Scotland and over the years it became astounding how many words were very similar between Dutch and Scots. Words like steen/stane, kerk/kirk, ik ken hem/I ken him. and many more . I also wonder if the Scottish pronunciation of the R and CH have a Dutch/Flemish influence.
Interesting fact - in Russian coffee is called «кофе», which sounds pretty much the same as in English (and Dutch), but in Ukrainian and Belorussian it is «кава» («kawa») just like in Turkish and Arabic.
That's because of turkish people invading Crimea
There's also a province Kaffa in Ethiopia - the origin of coffee. Ukrainians and Belorussians used to be a part of the Commonwealth of Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, so the word 'kawa' might have been borrowed from the Polish word (or vice versa :) )
@@ommsterlitz1805 The word does come from Turkish but most likely by the way of Polish when coffee was “introduced” to the western Slavs by the retreating Ottomans who left wagons full of it behind at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. Sobieski along with his army became huge fans overnight and the rest is history :)
in Polish kawa is also coffee. but i don't know where comes our word for tea from, which is herbata.
@@KG-2137 In Belorussian «tea» is also «herbata» («гарбата»), probably because it wasn't actual tea those days but rather a collection of field and forest herbs.
You used a Dutch word that wasn't acknowledged -- Yacht. The Dutch word is "jacht." I believe it is derived from the verb "jagen" (to hunt), the noun "jager" (hunter) and the participle/noun "jacht" (hunting). I assume that a yacht was originally a pursuit ship in the days of sail before it came to be more closely associated with pleasure craft. Being from Frisian origin, I look forward to you talk on Frisian words in English. Being closely related the two languages share many cognates, however the orthography and phonetical systems often hide them.
Thanks for you comment. Yes, I intentionally used "yacht" because it's also Dutch. I'll come back to you for your input when I compare English to Frisian.
Another Dutch nautical word I like is "poop deck," for a rear deck that's higher than the main deck.
"Jagen" means hunting but ti's also about speed, which are of course related in much hunting situations. 'Opjagen' means making someone go faster. Het 'jaagpad' was the path the horse would walk, not run, to tug the boat that would provide for public transport since the 16th century. But that boat not be a jacht because that's a fast ship.
Yes - I was waiting for that in the shipping section, although he mentioned it near the end. Isn't 'schooner' from Dutch as well? Not just a sailing ship but a drinking glass - so 2 for the price of 1!
@@rogink And "sloop" too, I think. (Note the double O in many Dutch-based words...)
Knowing this makes me very thankful for the Dutch influence on our vocabulary. These words are some of my favorites!
just found you. huge fan already. seriously wonderful videos. seeing the evolution of english and its peers is so fascinating from a language learner’s perspective. the first video i watched was on “the loom of language” and i shared it to several of my friends right away. thanks so much for all of your insight!
I worked for the Dutch subsidiary of a French company for some years, I was the only Brit & native English speaker whilst all the contracts were in English. At (rare) times in meetings my Dutch & French colleagues would not understand each other as each used the English word corresponding to their own word. It made me realise that if I could divide my brain i could just about converse to my dutch colleages using only Germanic based words and to my French colleagues in French/Latin words. The main problems would be with all the little words as almost all are germanic based.
A lot of words the English consider to be Latin/Greek are words that did not exist in classic times but were created by science. Scientists communicated in the most wide spread language of the time: Latin, but had to invent words for everything not-yet-existing. Scientists agreed on these definitions to keep communication possible, just like 'the Church' did for centuries before. Those words were introduced to every European language as being the proper scientific term.
Any conversation utilizing solely university terms of expression, probably achieved comprehension in a majority of your audience, independent their native language! (This line of text should be understood by Germans, Spanish, Swedish, French, and Dutch alike!)
The 'little' words are the most fundamental words in our language, the base, hence the reason English is a Germanic language, as opposed to a Romantic one.
@@dutchman7623 German & Arabic also snuck into English because of academia, it's just that Greek & Latin ended up having the most impact due to the Church providing most private education at that time, therefore most formally educated children were taught how to at least write in Latin &/or Greek before going off on their adventures.
@@bustavonnutz Latin was the only language written down for centuries. All official documents were in Latin. Nobody knew how to write in the local language.
All international and scientific correspondence was in Latin. The church had little to do with it, though they used Latin as well for mentioned reasons.
@@dutchman7623 Lmfao seriously? The Bible being translated was a huge deal & plenty of people were literate in non-standardized varieties of their local languages. How do you think we got Chaucer? Or texts in Old French? Or the Gothic Bible & Old Church Slavonic? My dude, you may need to hit the books more because you are very mistaken.
The word 'mannequin' comes from the Flemish word 'manneke' (little man), which was used by people who made clothes. The French addopted the word and in turn also the English.
At least, that's what I was told
Same goes for the Dutch word "bolwerk" meaning fortification. In French it became "boulevard" and in English "bulwark"
We have the same word in German and same dialects say the word in the same way.
@@hpoels851 And the Dutch imported "boulevard" right back(Zandvoort, Scheveningen ;) ).
Yes, this is the case! Brugge was an international trading city in the middle ages and also leading in fashion. The local tailors would use the word manneke for a dummy to try newly made clothing.
It may have have been a little bit dressed itself, the word. Manneke (little man) imported in French mannequin. And then to England. Just like manikin, English meaning dwarf I believe. So from manneke but with a French sauce.
I could never have imagined that ‘Scone’ was derived from a old Dutch word. In your explanation I first was put off a bit by a typo: ‘Schoodbrood’ instead as ‘Schoonbrood’. When I realized the typo it suddenly made sense: Schoonbrood translates to English as ‘Clean Bread’: Bread made from a finer ground and better sieved flour. It was so nice to recognize the connection! I googled ‘Schoonbrood', and it still exists as a family name.
The last decade you'll hear Dutch people sometimes use the word ‘Scone’ too, often to things that I think “Why is this suddenly a scone?" Armed with this new knowledge, the next time I'll suggest them to use 'Schoonbrood' instead 😏 (😄... no)
Funny thing is that its aslo a last name here in the South of Limburg
Close to low germane schone,fine flour bread.
Luckily the English didn't hear the Dutch saying "schoonmoeder", otherwise the English mothers-in-law would be called "scones" by now.
Never heard a dutch person call anything a scone except a scone. Atleast not in the 25 years since I was born in Amsterdam 🤣.
@@Daniela-tr3me In the dialect where I come from the " ch" and "g" sound is replaced with a " k" sound like : skoen, skool, skattig and skoon so that word is exactly pronounced as scone in English.
I really enjoyed your video. As a Dutchman I was amazed about so many words. Coleslaw I knew as it’s kool sla which literally means cabbage salade. I did miss stoop and stool in US English. Stoop comes from stoep and means sidewalk even though the meaning has changed into the entrance of a home. Stool comes from stoel, which means chair in Dutch but in the US is used for bar stool.
I don't know how it happened, and I'm annoyed that it did, but in the US, stool also means human feces. I'm not sure if that's true elsewhere. I know the toilet has been called the stool by some Americans (my stepfather anyway), and I've wondered if it began as a euphemism (I hate euphemisms!), but in clinical practice across the country, that's the word they use.
@@beenaplumber8379 Yes, that is the origin (from toilet) according to another You Tube vid. I think the title may have had the words "personal hygiene" in it.
@@beenaplumber8379 Stool also has that meaning in Dutch - in a certain context. 'Ik heb een goede stoelgang.' ---> I have / I enjoy healthty bowel movements. The "gang-"part being a form going to .. Fill in the rest before it gets a bit yucky ...
@@peterheerens3093 My stepfather was a 2nd generation German immigrant to the US. He sometimes used Germanic slang and idioms from his family. His parents and grandparents spoke German, though they tried only to speak only English around the kids. I imagine if that phrase is used in Dutch, maybe there is a German equivalent. He is the only person I heard use "stool" like that.
That Dutch comfort (which I've never heard of) is an insanely Dutch thing to do/way to handle a situation😂
Even with horrible accidents or diseases were just like oh well at least you're not quadriplegic or at least your cancer hasn't spread beyond the lungs and kidney.
Even when people die it's generally probably for the best when they're old or sickly, when they're young, at least they didn't suffer.
It applies to almost everything but I never realized it was a thing or the English had a word for it.
For us it's just the normal thing to do, to show how positive life still is
Wist ook niet dat dat typisch nederlands is😂
I think this is now called "toxic positivity" or "gaslighting"😂
@@elleh3495 Compassion fatigue 😂
Nee dacht dat dat normaal menselijk gedrag was😂
You should talk to my ex for gaslighting. He can tell you all about that😂
Goes a bit deeper than dutch culture though this is just loving care👌😂
Very interesting! I speak Dutch and English an I always thought that the two languages have influenced themselves mutually. But this is the first video I see on this topic.
For more on the subject, you might want to listen to the History of English Podcast by Kevin Stroud, ep. 157.
The podcast is great overall, although I'd it recommend primarily for massive nerds: It goes through the timeline linearly and still hasn't reached Shakespeare in 160 hour-long episodes.
It would be interesting to know how English influenced other neighbouring languages, since it is such a mixing pot of different European languages.
Ditto
@@derekjc777 English has had a massive influence on other languages, but primarily from the 20th century onwards. Thanks to the USA and 2 world wars.
@@ronaldderooij1774 Obviously due to the media and global popularity of American TV and movies, and both British and American music, English (or at least an American version) has invaded almost every country and culture, but only in the 20th and 21st Centuries. I’m more interested in its influence prior to 1900 before the effect of mass broadcast and distributed media, ie, due to trade, technical innovation or culture.
Not only great linguistic analysis, also interesting historical facts! Good video!
Historical migration and conquests' influence on the evolution of languages and especially, in this instance, English is truly fascinating. I know the outcome of the Battle of Hastings in 1066 had a profound influence on the development of modern English but I had no idea that Dutch also played a role. Interesting video; thanks for sharing! Learning never ends.
The (American) English word "boss" has its origin in the Dutch word "baas" (master). And Santa Claus, of course, is the American version of "Sinterklaas" (Saint Nick).
@@elyrexo The Americans adopted the Dutch word "baas" (says Webster), but they Americanized it to "boss." If, as you say, "boss" is of Anglo-Saxon origin, then the Dutch must have turned it into something Dutch first, and the Americans must have changed it back to "boss" again. How's that?
@@elyrexo I am not aware of any original German word "Boss"; it is just a word taken from modern English.
More literally, the last syllable of the Dutch "Sinterklaas" that begat US English "Santa Claus" is from the Dutch nickname "Klaes" or "Claes" for the Dutch variant of "Nicholas."
@@JudgeJulieLit You're right. "Claes" is "Claus" (which, by the way, is German).
@@elyrexo The German word is Chef, but I do agree that it was also in Anglo-Saxon, along with "deal", "bundle", & "wiggle" which are 100% from Old English but given credit to the Dutch nebulous reasons.
Great video! A bit of a correction about medieval brewing. Everybody brewed with malt. Hops were the innovation. Before the advent of hops, everyone was brewing with various mixtures of herbs called gruit. The introduction of hops to English brewing came via the Dutch brewers. Not only did hops add flavor and bitterness to balance out the sweetness of malted barley, they also serve as an antiseptic to help keep bacteria at bay.
Thank you for the clarification. I don't know anything about brewing beer only the drinking of it.
You'll still see "gruit" in a Dutch family name like "de Gruiter" or "Gruter" (a more German looking variant would be "Grüter" which is shorthand notation for "Grueter") or as pejorative (today) word for "grocer" - "grutter".
All these reference a producer of, or trader in, gruit and as a professional name (job title) this became the family name of an ancestor - in the same way carpenter did, or smith.
I didn’t know that. Thank you for sharing. What you shared is quite interesting.
Beautiful session 🙂
@@jpdj2715 Haha! We had a boy in our high school by the surname of Grüter, who did his name proud!
All these videos about the origins and influences in the English language are amazing!! Really very interesting!! Thank you so much !😊
I am an American with both English and Dutch ancestry and this has been a complete joy! 😊
Really enjoyed your video! Especially as a Dutch person. I recognize a lot of words that aren't only Old Dutch but still used in modern Dutch. Afval means waste nowadays, general garbage not only meat. Delen (deal) means to share. Dapper is also a common word and means brave although moedig is a lot braver.(You're dapper when you stand up to your boss but moedig when you face the enemy).
Afval is avfall in Swedish and has the same meaning. All of the following words have the same meaning as in Dutch. Delen - Dela. Dapper - Tapper. Moedig - Modig.
@@human7491 I think machtig is cognate with mighty whilst moody would be a cognate of moedig, although the meaning has changed over the years.
I think "plucky" conveys the sense of Dutch "dapper".
@@human7491 indeed could be inderdaad 😅 (in Dutch.)
Moedig actually has a better translation then brave, its couragous, derived from the word courage (moed)
Thats strange. Because nowadays you say deal in Dutch. Words like "drugsdeal". Sentences like" die man was aan het dealen". So I dont understand why you think the word deal comes from delen.
I listened to a proffesor read some old english one time and I actually understood more than half of it - because I also speak Nederlands fluently.
I ACTUALLY LOVE HISTORY AND LANGUAGES AND I THINK I LEARN SO MUCH ON YOUR CHANNEL. WOW! THANK YOU VERY MUCH, GIDEON!
I wonder where the name Gideon came from. I'm Afrikaans and know plenty of guys by that name and mostly shortened to Deon.
Very well explained and narrated video.
Thank you Sir 👍
The modern Dutch verb "snakken" is descended from the middle Dutch verb "snacken", but its meaning has shifted more towards "hunkeren" (to hanker). However, Dutch borrowed the English verb "to snack" back into modern Dutch "snacken", with a similar meaning to that of the English verb.
Also, Aardvark was missing from Samuel Johnsons famous English dictionary, at least if the episode "Ink and Incapability" from Blackadder the Third is to be believed ;-).
Wasn’t it “sausage”? ;-)
Snakken in Gronings (spoken in the north of the Netherlands) means "to speak" and can be sometimes used for someone that is exaggerating. "Snak nait so" meaning "don't talk so high of yourself".
It always strikes me how little "language" knowledge other Dutch people (usually from the western part) have about the languages spoken in their own country. I speak Gronings and Dutch.
@@dawnchorusaudio And Aardvark.
I’m native Dutch but I’m from the Utrecht region, and I’ve never been aware of the verb ‘snakken’, but somehow immediately knew what it meant, when learning Danish, where it’s a very prominent verb.
@@Joricardes In addition: original Gronings is a dialect of Lower Saxon, not of Dutch.
English explorer Henry Hudson was employed by the Dutch East India Co when he “discovered” the fertile region & river that bears his name. A replica of his ship, the Half Moon (Halve Maen), was built in Albany (Beverwyck) and can be visited these days in Volendam, NL.
Beverwijk still exist , its a town west of amsterdam .
@@marcusfranconium3392 It's roughly 35 miles west from Albany to Amsterdam, if you take the Thruway. Halfway along the route you'll find yourself in Rotterdam.
@@petelobl I was born in beverwijk. and know the route well .
@@marcusfranconium3392 But the beavers are gone now... De bevers hebben de wijk gekozen!
@@nwogamesalert well the fun part is the name had nothing to do with bevers . its a baserdised version of Beorhem turned beverhem . history of that area in the past 2000 years is interesting.
Plus its the only place you can literaly de pijp uit gaan , and having every thing out side the town are buitenlanders .
Canadian here. I've only ever heard "double Dutch" as a term for skipping rope. When people turn a longer rope for skippers in the middle, it is possible for the rope turners to turn two skipping ropes simultaneously for the middle skipper, alternating which is in the air and on the ground. This requires the skipper to skip at double speed without then changing the turning speed, which, of course, makes it a good bit harder for the skipper. This I've heard called skipping "double dutch".
Dutch here, your lastname is a dutch as it can be😉
I had come for the vocabulary and stayed for a history lesson. Well done!
The most infamous Dutch word that was 'adopted' into the English language is "f.ck". The verb 'fokken' in Dutch refers to the breeding of domestic animals only, for instance "Koeienfokker' means someone who breeds cows.
"Fokker" is a company that breeds airplanes?
@@nwogamesalert 😂😂 Yes that’s pretty much correct lol.
I had heard that the Modern English "f-" word was one of the ancient Anglo Saxon (afterward in Britannia, Old English) pragmatically concrete monosyllabic "four letter" words.
@@nwogamesalert the ancestors of Fokker were probably fokkers of some kind and the surname stuck for generations until Fokker went fokking planes
It's from Old English, all modern West Germanic languages have the cognates to prove it's an ooooold Germanic word.
You have an excellent channel! History, humor and knowledge! Well presented too!
Utterly fascinating. Thank you for the video.
Cool video! I am dutch myself, and very into languages, I also learned more of where some Dutch words originally came from by this video!
It was... It is so Informative that I stopped and reversed I don't know how much times...
You are freaking deepest English teacher I've seen on UA-cam!
And yeah! I believe exactly in what you do!👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
Excellent boulot, je ne rate aucune de tes videos. Cet angle historique fourmillant d'anecdotes est juste captivant. Merci Gedeon!
In the Northern Territory of Australia can be found “Groote Eylandt” and “Arnhem land”. Before Dampier and Cook, Western Australia and the Northern Territory were a part of “New Holland”. (Explored and named by Willem Janszoon in 1606, and Dirk Hartog in 1616). Not strictly linguistics, but interesting Dutch influence on a future British group of colonies, now the Federal Commonwealth of Australia.
Plus Van Diemen's Land/Tasmania. Diemen still is a town near Amsterdam. 'Van Diemen' must have been a common name in the Amsterdam region. Also Tasmania was named after Dutchman Abel Tasman.
And let's not forget New Zealand, named after the province of Zeeland, the most important province in the Republic after Holland.
@@anniehope8651 It's funny how that is hardly ever mentioned. Everytime I see the name 'New Zealand' I wonder how many people actually know that that's a dutch province. Probably 95% do not. It's alot of fun discovering how many marks there are in the world that have dutch origin. Quiet an achievement for such a tiny country.
How cool
@@lily6246 I was taught about the early Dutch explorers in primary school many years ago. The most Western part of Australia is named Dirk Hartog Island, named after the Dutch captain who landed there and nailed a plate to a tree displaying a message with his name. The plate is now in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
@@ForcesNL I was in my 60's when I learned Australia was discovered by the Dutch and named New Holland. How did they ever lose it to the Brits? It would make a good movie. As far as New Zealand, I knew it was a Dutch discovery and in fact, at age 11, we were one week from immigrating there from Holland. To set sail on the S.S. Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, late June 1959, for a 6 week voyage and then to be canceled by the N.Z. government. The other emigrants on board left to experience a horrific storm in the Indian or Pacific Ocean in which many were injured. The mast even broke.
I want to say that this was really interesting. Thank you!
Wonderful video, so interesting! I'm an English speaker living in the Netherlands and trying to learn Dutch, so I thoroughly enjoyed this!
So glad to hear that. Thanks
Succes met leren! :)
Starboard is derived from Dutch stuurboord. In the early Middle Ages ships didn’t have a rudder, but a steering oar lashed to the side. To steer in Dutch is sturen and the oar was lashed to stuurboord.
Zo ook met het woord 'bakboord' met de rug naar de boeg (bow) staan, in veel talen overgenomen ; babord Zweeds, babor Spaans en babordo Italiaans
Spanish for starboard is 'estribor'. As the Spanish once ruled the Netherlands, I wonder if they took the term from Dutch as it relates to nothing else in Spanish. However I think the English words Steer and Board (which is where starboard originates from in modern use) are a lot older in English to have derived from the Dutch. I think both words are just common in origin for both languages.
All these sailing and maritime words are also integrated in the russian maritime world. In fact the russian language do not have russian words for it as the dutch learned the russian sailing and boating at the time of alexander the great
'Starboard' already entered English with the Vikings (DanishNorwegian/Swedish/Norse) 'styrbord' , approx. 900 AD, if not already with the already seafaring Angels and Jutes approx. 450 AD.
@@lichtdoos Not "learned" but "taught", otherwise correct (Peter the Greats stay in Zaandam).
Here's some other possibly interesting tidbits related to (the) Dutch:
There's a place in Belgium called Hoboken, derived from older Dutch meaning Hoge Beuken, meaning high beeches. There's also a Hoboken in New Jersey. From what I could find, the place was originally referred to as Hopoghan Hackingh by the Lenape, which means land of the tobacco pipe. Hoboken had many variations in the folks-tongue. Hoebuck, old Dutch for high bluff and likely referring to Castle Point (the district of the city highest above sea level), was used during the colonial era and later spelled as Hobuck, Hobock, Hobuk and Hoboocken. Later it was changed to Hoboken through Flemish immigrants.
Wall Street is also derived from the Dutch, with two theories to its origins. Either it's literally a street where a wall was build, derived from the Dutch wal which kinda means rampart, or from Waal Straat, the street of the Walloons, the people who live in the south of Belgium.
Other words include keelhaul (kielhalen), anchovy (ansjovis), to bluff in poker for example is derived from dutch ''bluffen'', which... well means to bluff basically :)
hope this was interesting!
A person from Wallonia is called a Walloon. Waal would be one of the large rivers in the Netherlands.
This is such a great channel. Thanks.
Such a lovely surprise to run into you at Camden Market this week!
I just wanted to say your videos are incredibly interesting and your style is always so entertaining and wholesome.
I'm glad you're getting sponsorships now - you really deserve it.
Looking forward to the video you're filming at the moment! :)
Golly !!!!!Did you really run into Sir Gideon at Cambridge Market? How lovely!😃It must be a cherishable experience for you.
I was happy to meet you. It was a beautiful moment. Thanks for saying hello. That video is a biggie but it'll be out in a few weeks....
Really? That's great 👍 l do enjoy everything about him, his teaching style is amazing. I am always enthralled by it. I am happy for you. 😊😊
I liked this one as an 'original ' Dutchman for 76 years now, keep up the good work ;-)) ijsberg = iceberg schipper = skipper schaats= skate apartheid = apartheid genever= gin
I thoroughly enjoyed this. Love your sense of humor. 😂
This is the most extraordinary! I always thought that the Dutch language took some words from English because they do mix English when they are talking so naturally! Dutch people are really good with foreign languages. I would never dreamed that the Dutch language influenced the English language! My respect for the Netherlands just had grown bigger after this video!
I am from West-Flanders and speak West-Flemish. Our language, both grammar and vocabulary, is the closest to Middle Dutch.
Snak: verb snakken still means to snap, but more in a verbal way to bite at someone, if that makes sense: e snak en e beete (note the article "e" which is roughly pronounced the same as your "a" and also gets an "n" at the end if the substantive it pertains to starts with a vowel)
Kit: today we say kitte and that means a container for milk in rural areas, like a huge pitcher with a lid on
Kobbe: see "ettercap" or cobweb
Bale: still used, boale
Hanker: in Dutch it is changed to hunkeren. In WF it still is hankeren, to hanker.
Wiggle: wikkelen, same meaning but mostly physical
I do think you underestimate the closeness of Flemish of English at that time. I can read the Canterbury tales in ME because of West Flemish.
being able to read the Canterbury Tales in ME is a huge flex, love it!
@@Marma91 not saying I could fully translate it though, but most of the words are the same or are related to WF. I once studied to be a Dutch teacher, and because my dialect lies closest to Middle Dutch and thus is the closest relative to the "real Dutch" I was discriminated against and was pestered away. I did however get the last laugh when we studied Middle Dutch texts - perfectly readable for me (also the pronunciation is largely the same) whereas the rest of the class was looking at me like wtf ;)
@@miguelnollet3056 to be fair to the them, middle Dutch is anything but "real Dutch", that would just be modern Dutch. If I spoke late Latin in a class for Italian teachers they would probably look weirdly my way as well even if it is closer to medieval Italian/Latin
Little note: The native English Germanic (Saxon) was extremely similar to the early medieval languages of the Low Countries. It can be hard to disentangle when cognates jumped across or if they were already there, just not in written sources. Even more true for Scots English.
Very true. Also interesting to see the difference in Germanic languages and dialects compared to their distance to the sea. Dutch is indeed a sea-Germanic language like the Saxon.
I've read that English is a low German dialect.
@@iriscollins7583 Low/High is referring to the difference in altitude. So, yes, English is indeed a Low German dialect like Dutch 👍
@@DD-cc6gy Dutch is not a low German dialect, it is of Franconian origin. Until today, it is not really clear if Franconian itself was an own language or just a German dialect, but it was definitely not a part of the low German dialect. The confusion may come from the fact that as well the speakers of today Northern low German as the speakers of today Western low German dialect (what is de facto Dutch) calling their language Platt (flat). Both share a lot of words, but grammar is slightly different.
And to make things real tricky, both share also a lot of words with the Scandinavian languages ;)
@@iriscollins7583 Low German is just another word for the Low Countries and yes, English is Dutch mispronounced by a French toff :)
Amazing Content.
Watching from Holland
Hoist the sails from "hijst de zeilen"
Stool from "stoelgang" (bowel movements)
Iceberg from "ijsberg"
Yay and nay from "ja en nee"
Peek a boo from "kiekeboe"
Double Dutch was a jump rope (maybe in England it was called skipping rope) expression in the 1950s. It involved one very co-ordinated child (generally a girl) jumping while four girls turned two very long ropes.
ua-cam.com/video/FZ4jMSCBswY/v-deo.html
We used to do this in the early 2000's at school here in the Netherlands, don't know if they still do tho
Skipping in English, sjippe in Danish
We used shorter ropes and only two girls to turn the ropes, You could go outward with the ropes or inward.
So interesting 😊 which means zo interessant. Thanks for this . Subscribed
Hi Gideon, thank you for awesome lessons. My students lap them up eagerly ))
Do you have any videos on 'such / so'?
Hi there, For the word Hanker we actually say Hunkeren. That means to wait or look out for something you really want. The word Dapper is the dutch word for Brave. Aardvarken literaly translates as Earth Pig.Besides these words there are so many words almost the same in english and dutch, but who came first with those i don't know. Thank you for this video. It was very entertaining. btw, i was born and raised in Haarlem, so very nice to came you mentioned it here too.
Wait a minute! The English are descended mainly from the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, from Jutland and the Netherlands, so their language is _already_ very closely related to Dutch, prior to any recent influence!
no the English are descended mainly from the Brythonic Celts resident at the time of the Roman conquest
@@ajrwilde14 Well, yes and no. The English (and the Scots at least vas far north as Edinburgh and Glasgow), have a large dose of North Germanic ancestry in their DNA. Those guys were warlike, and they flooded into the country soon after the Romans left, after all, so it's to be expected. The amount of Anglo-Saxon ancestry decreases as you travel westward.
Ireland also has alot of DNA from Germanic tribes -- Dublin was a Viking kingdom for a long while.
Great job on the 'tot de volgende keer' (until next time)
Thank you, most entertaining to me who spent her whole year at age 13 in a Dutch school. I love both the Dutch and the English languages.
The expression "Dutch comfort" is so funny! As a Dutchie myself, I hear this around me all the time if something bad happens. The saying still holds true.
Brand is erger...
It could be worse! :) Mooi dag!
Thank you for your informative video about the English language and it’s Dutch influence. I’d like to make one brief correction. You said the Dutch used hops to make beer and the English used malt. Now you really can’t have beer without malt, which comes from barley. Hops are bitter flowers from the hop plant which are added for taste but also serve as a preservative. Now, while the English may have used other ingredients for this purpose, what I imagine you’re trying to say is that it was the Dutch that introduced hops to English beer making.
Thank you sir!
very clever video... i never like languages but i feel like i can follow some of this cos of the way it relates to history.... definatly will sub this channel
I am amazed you keep all this info in your brain. I can’t remember the 2nd if 2 things I needed at the grocery store.
As a Dutch (Frisian, even) person living in England, I loved this video. I knew a fair few of these English words were related to Dutch, but you also mentioned some I wasn't aware of. Some that weren't mentioned were 'boss', from Dutch 'baas', and 'furlough' from Dutch verlof.
I'll be looking forward to your video about Frisian. I know Eddie Izzard went to Fryslan a long time ago and explained Old-English and Old-Frisian are related. He went on to have a conversation with a Frisian farmer, Eddie speaking Old-English and the farmer speaking his normal Frisian, and they actually were able to understand each other, for the most part.
furlough?? lol, dat engels woord heb ik nog nooit gehoord, wat dat echt nog vrij courant gebruikt voor verlof??
@@JeroenJA het is niet verlof zoals wij dat kennen. Het is een verplichte tijdelijk uit werk plaatsing door een werkgever. Bijvoorbeeld tijdens COVID werden veel mensen door hun werkgever op furlough gezet.
@@Mynervas ah, in belgie was dat economische werkloosheid. Verklaard ook dat ik nog niet van dat woord had gehoord:-)
@@JeroenJA Yes.
@@Mynervas In the States I see it used a lot for missionaries going home for a while. Maybe in the military, too. Not too sure about that one.
🌷
Very interesting video! I'm a Dutch teacher and will show this to my students. By the way, at 19:48 you mention "dapper": this is still a word in modern Dutch and means "brave" or "courageous".
It also means "brave" in Afrikaans.
Maar komt brave niet van braaf, wat ook weer dapper betekent.
It seems from my memory that "dapper" in Dutch had a 3rd meaning. The same as dapper in English. As a kid I was never aware of the other two meanings. But does , " Hij ziet er dapper uit" make sense? Dapper meaning well-dressed.
@@didibrant7326 Dapper
Etymology
From Middle English daper (“pretty, neat”), from Middle Dutch dapper (“stalwart, nimble”), Old Dutch *dapar, from Proto-Germanic *dapraz (“stout; solid; heavy; bold”) (compare German tapfer "bold", Norwegian daper "saddened, dreary"), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeb- ‘thick, heavy’ (compare Tocharian A tpär ‘high’, Latvian dàbls ‘strong’, Serbo-Croatian дебео (dèbeo) ‘fat’).
@@marjakeizer9580 Thank you. It looks like you and most of Europe win in that "dapper" does not mean well-dressed, trim, neat, or smart except in English. And lo and behold, my English dictionary says " dapper" means brave and courageous, stout, heavy, trim and lastly neat and smart[ well- dressed].
Geweldig dit wist ik niet eens mooi geschiedenis.
Being a Dutchman and doing a course in English Idiom, this is so nice and funny and adds to my knowledge of English idiom. Thank you.
A word you might have forgotten, also from sailing background. A Yacht, een jacht in Dutcth. Or is it the other way around. MMMhh, you can possibly tell me. I like you niche, the origins of language. The similarities between them and the differences. I can understand Frisian, I think of it as a Dutch accent (never tell them, they will kill you), I can read Skandinavian manuals, so many words you can recognize. German language is close to ours, but the grammar makes it difficult for us. Our grammar and English grammar are much more alike.
And Idiom is so much alike in The Netherlands and the UK.
Once again thank you for this great channel.
Ruud van Wuyckhuise
Great to hear how Dutch changed the language! But, I have a question about a very weird one. I wondered where the word 'eavesdropping' came from? I think it was derived from the old Dutch word 'ozendrop', which is the long narrow space, not even a path, between two houses. Back then two houses were usually separated by a narrow space, where the rain from both roofs drips down and streams towards the street. When you were standing unseen in the ozendrop it was quite easy to listen to the conversation through those thin walls . So eavesdropping in the ozendrop.
Thank you for sharing this! It makes a lot of sense! 😊
Nice!
This is what Oxford says: "early 17th century: back-formation from eavesdropper (late Middle English)‘a person who listens from under the eaves’, from the obsolete noun eavesdrop ‘the ground on to which water drips from the eaves’, probably from Old Norse upsardropi, from ups ‘eaves’ + dropi ‘a drop’."
Unfortunately not of Dutch origin, it appears, but of Old Norse.
Interesting about ozen. In German öse (s pronounced like a z) means the eye of a needle, through which no camel or especially, according to JC, no rich man can pass. Ozen and öse share the concept of extremely narrow. Coincidence or relationship?
Just for fun, some modern German versions of these words:
pickle -> pökeln (to brine)
coffee -> Kaffee
tea -> Tee
cookie -> [?] Kuchen (cake), but the diminutive form Küchlein does not mean cookie
snack -> [?] schnacken (to chatter), used colloquially in Northern Germany
geek -> Geck (vain person, fop), Jeck (fool)
pack -> Pack (package, bundle; but also rabble, mob)
bundle -> Bündel, from binden (to bind), also Bund (alliance, covenant)
deal -> Teil (part, piece, portion)
wagon -> Waggon (railway car), Wagen (car, vehicle, wagon)
bale -> Ballen (bale; but also ball, pad (of a foot or hand))
dock -> Dock (possibly borrowed from English or Dutch)
brewery -> Brauerei (from brauen, to brew)
hops -> Hopfen
deck -> Deck
plug -> Pflock (stake, peg)
freight -> Fracht
masterpiece -> Meisterstück
easel -> Esel (donkey)
sketch -> Skizze (from Italian schizzo)
still life -> Stillleben
landscape -> Landschaft
etch -> ätzen (to etch, cauterize)
waffle -> Waffel
offal -> Abfall (scrap, litter, waste)
bamboo -> Bambus
dapper -> tapfer (brave, bold, hardy)
frolic -> fröhlich (cheerful, jolly)
loiter -> lottern
snoop -> schnüffeln (to sniff, snoop, sniff out)
spook -> Spuk
quack -> Quacksalber
aardvark -> Erdferkel ("earth piglet")
Thank you for the comparison with German. It's very interesting.
As "Küchlein" is a southern form, it does not count here.
Very well presented!
Scone! You completely blew my mind! Cup of coffee, and cookie, those I knew to be of Dutch origin, and I have always wondered how we got tea from the Chinese cha, but scones are so ubiquitously English that it never occurred to me the word could have Dutch origens!!! Thank you.
Thank you. I enjoyed your video.
My Dutch ancestors are from New Amsterdam and some here before 1650. They came from today's Netherlands and what was the Spanish Netherlands, now Belgium.
In Chess, there is the Dutch defense. It is an aggressive and unbalancing opening. The term has been used in military tactics also, at least here in the US.
Interesting that a defensive opening starts with aggression… will not be surprised if this act dates back to the early maritime days
The Dutch defense comes from a failure, in which Wellington made a mistake at Waterloo. A brigade from the Dutch army was placed in front of a hill instead of behind it. The French artillery destroyed therefore a large part of it. In a final attempt the Dutch retreated and gathered behind an English regiment. Before the English could respond the Dutch cavalerists stormed
in anger, straight through the English in a wild and uncontrolled attack on the French artillery and managed to defeat that section. Shortly after that event 35.000 Prussian cavalerists attacked Napoleons armies and drove them back all the way to France. The Prussians were therefore the army that defeated Napoleon at Waterloo.
Wellington, as hired commander in chief, could easily have the French signing their defeat. An event that's known in England as a British victory, was in fact a Prussian victory.
History can be colorful written if you write it in your native language.
Btw, this event is written by a Flemish monk while he watched these horrors unfold.
Double Dutch in New York is a jump rope game where 2 ropes are used at the same time
Very nice video. I learned a lot!
Thank you! Informative and funny.
I was really stunned when I heard that Yankees came from the names Jan and Kees!
I am Dutch myself and since we are such a small country, it is always a proud moment for us when we see that we have contributed to another country. It's the same with actors who play in major American movies or series (looking at you Famke Janssen, Michiel Huisman and Carice van Houten 😏)
Don’t forget Rutger Hauer and Paul Verhoeven, both early pioneers of Dutch presence in Hollywood!
@@SephiMasamune Pure legends! ✨🙌🏻✨
The other interpretation that I have heard is that "Yankees" is the Algonquin pronunciation of "English"
@@SephiMasamune How about Jeroen Krabbé? Or Audrey Hepburn? Carel Struycken? Rebecca Romijn? Jane Seymour (Dutch mother)?
In addition to yacht, many types of sailboat names have Dutch origins, yawl, ketch, sloop, schooner. Parts of ships: keel, stern. Places and things near water: shore, shoal, knot, etc.
Dude, almost all of the nautical terms are Dutch.
kielhalen -keelhaul
Capstan - kaapstaander
Pier
love your content
Geweldig dit! Dutchguy loving this!
The "Dutch auction" works by the system of "afmijnen".
The auctioneer lowers the bidding price in steps and if it reaches the level you want it to be, you could call out "Mijn!!", or "Mine!!" in English.
Nowadays this system is still in use in, for instance, the flower and vegetable trade, albeit in a modernised form.
They also do it at smaller auctions, it's a lot of fun, but a bit more stressful. They usually have a lowest price and won't go beneath that (or at least the ones I've seen). It's a bit of a game imo, you're constantly checking the others because you do want the thing, but you also want the lowest price and who claims it first gets it. It's not the 'standard' one where you have a few seconds to think. I do feel like people usually decide on what they want to pay and just wait for that price.
Sadly the flower auction stopped using this method of auctioning in 2020
@Cal We call that 'afdingen' in Dutch.
The English word gin or derives from "jenever" and Vancouver from "van coevorden".
Just some more examples. Also, the dutch word ofval is nowadays spelled "afval" and translate to garbage. When referred to meat, "afvalvlees" means waste meat. "Afvallen" to waste some kilo's. Etc.
Great video!
“Afval” is still the common Afrikaans word for insides.
En Brooklyn van Breukelen
Funny, there's an English word "offal" which means useless meat or the part of the meat that isn't as "useable" as others.
'Goed gedaan, jochie" .. great video. Regards from a Dutch guy.
Thanks very much for the wonderful education. I have this fascination with the Dutch people since I found out they spent a lot of time in the Gold Coast that later became Ghana. The country in which I live.
Nice video. I think their might be another way Dutch has influenced English. In the 17th century the Dutch build ships 30 times faster than the others, and there were only 1.5 million Dutch most of which were far too wealthy to even consider working on a ship. There was always shortage of crews and about half of them were foreign. Lots of Danes, Germans, Walloons but also English. Hudson was the exception as he was headhunted, most would be low in rank and just follow orders in Dutch and operate Dutch named gear.
There will have been a fair amount of people from the war torn areas of the south and a few others that had reasons to prefer a ship over their hometowns. But certainly the crews of VoC and WoC will have had mainly foreign crews as locals will have been quite aware of the many ships not returning.
@@chubbymoth5810 Ships or a third of the crew not returning was a fact of life, in god's hands. It's more that the Dutch were only with 1.5 million, and most had a far too good life to go work on a ship. The VOC was famous for paying everybody form anywhere, including Asia and Africa BTW, equally bad. But the VOW and WIC were only a tiny part of the Dutch merchant fleet. Most trade was European and most European trade was done by the Dutch.
There was quite a bit of shanghaiing going on and allthough from the 15th century humanist tradition in the Dutch Republic, the rehabilitation and resocialization houses for (petty) criminals were all about work because there was high demand for hands.
@@chubbymoth5810 so many ships not returning was in fact the root of investment in shares and stock. you divided your money so as not to lose all of it should something happen. that's why the Amsterdam stock exchange was the first in the world.
Nowadays the Dutch Still give there dirty work to foreigners… nothing changed
I’m a native English speaker and I speak very good Italian. In Italy, I got a nautical “driver’s license” (patente nautica). I had learned to sail in English. I discovered studying for the patente that the Latin (French) content of English nautical vocabulary is close to zero. Maybe we got it all from Dutch, starting with “yacht”! In contrast, when I traveled in France and Italy reading about WWII, I could easily learn military vocabulary in Italian and could easily read the French in the military museums because we apparently got our military vocabulary from the Normans. I also learned a few nautical words in Russian and I’m guessing they got some from Dutch.
Correct, the Russians got a lot of nautical stuff from the Dutch, thanks to Peter the Great spending time in the Netherlands (Zaandam) to learn the trade.
@@apveening And not only words. The black tie with the knot all navy sailors wear all over the world is a remembrance of the death of Michiel de Ruyter who was the first admiral ever who took good care of and treated them the same way as he did his offficers.The blue, white striped back collar which is also part of their uniform dates back to De Ruyter days too as he wore those to protect his uniform from his greasy long hair.
i am dutch and i like to learn about dutch history in the world. thank you for these great lessons
erg heel interessant!😃
Tot volgende keer!! :)
Hartelijk dank voor deze mooie episode! Great research as usual! Het maakt me vrolijk! :)
Ps: there is a theory, I read about not too long ago. In your video about the vikings, you talked a bit more about the discussion whether English is western or northern Germanic. I left a comment, writing about my belief that it is both (because of the Jutes). This new theory fits a bit into it. Apparently, the Anglo-Saxons (and jutes), stayed for a while in Frisia while migrating towards Britain. The Anglo-Frisian runes are prove of that. We also know that the present day Frisians are not exactly the same as the Frisians the romans encountered. The idea is that those old Frisians eventually decided to join the Anglo-Saxon migrants and so crossed the North Sea as well. If so, it could be an explanation as to why (old) English and (old) Frisian are so similar, but also (in my theory) how English (originally a mix between Northern and Western Germanic) "became" more and more western Germanic....
An interesting theory. I'll look into it further.
@ Lennart . Ik las ergens, en dat nogal lang geleden, zodat ik mij de betreffende auteur van de tekst niet herinner, dat de "oude" Friezen frankrijkwaarts zijn verdwenen.
@@simontenkate9601 that might be one of the theories of Delahaye. Very disputed.
I as a Dane think along those lines as well. However the other theory mentioned in his former video was that the (especially Danish) Vikings of the Danelaw influenced the 'when West-Germanic British English' SOOO much with Danish (East Germanic) grammar and non-Anglosaxon simplifications that was claimed by the 'East Germanic theory holders' that this NEW simpler 'bastard/patois English' became soo wildly popular ( from Danelaw and out) that English ceased to be a West Germanic language?!?
Apat from the Jutes being from what is now still Jutland in Denmark and the Angles being from Schleswig, the other factor favouring the Northern Germanic case is the Danish/Norse occupation and rule of the NE part of England and all of it under Knut/Canute. This lasted for more than a century or so during and after Alfred's rule in Wessex and SW Mercia. It left many archaisms and synomyms for words in dialects and standard English, like until vs while, child vs bairn time vs tide, shirt vs skirt. The article Ut is still used in Yorkshire dialects "...Bin down to't (to ut) mill... The NE Mercia cities like Nottingham, Derby, Leicester were in the Danelaw so the already partly mutually comprehensible languages became even more mixed in that long period of Scandinavian occupation. Even more so in NE Scotland... Modern RP English is supposed to descend from that very NE Mercia dialect, but it requires academic knowledge to understand the arguments... Original New-England American English derived more so from NW and SW speech according to the settlers' origin...
Very interesting video! I think I have another word the English took from the Dutch. Scurvy, the illness you get from lack of vitamin C, is called in Dutch 'scheurbuik'. I don't know if scurvy has other meanings, but in Dutch 'scheurbuik' is a contraction of 'scheur' and 'buik'. 'Scheur' means tear and 'buik' means belly. That is just what happens when you have lack of vitamin C, it feels like your belly tears apart.
One more thing. Just a note that The Netherlands exists since the 'Unie van Utrecht' which was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579. Before it, it was Holland (what are now the provinces North- and South Holland).
Scheurbuik was actually from scorbut, and re-interpreted as tear-belly because that sounded similar. So scurvy is not of Dutch origin.
In UK we still call it all Holland, mostly, sloooooow, but also perhaps because of what the nether regions means in euphemistic English?
@@veronica_._._._ The name Holland is used in more countries, even we use it sometimes. No problemo. 😁
@@SWTK1955 l grew up near the villages of Up Holland and Downholland in England so Holland seemed like it might be the next place on? but with lots more windmills, so very magical and storybook, a child's version of the world has so many more possibilities l miss that 😂
As a Frisian (yes, we speak some Dutch as well ;) ) i thoroughly enjoyed this video and am looking forward to the Frisian stuff.
Thank you for sharing. What do you know of the origins of written English? Have you done a video on Written English?
i think you missed the most famous Dutch word SCHOOL. established around 800 AD and found its way in many languages.
furthermore the bond between Scotland and the low countries is much stronger.
many Scottish men fought in the low countries since 1500. one of my ancesters is Scottish.
Interesting, I always thought it was related to the ancient Greek word 'σχολή' (spare time / leisure)
"School" comes from Latin "schola". German: "Schule", West German dialects: "School", Dutch: "School", Englisch: "School", French: "Ecole"....,Italian: "Scuola".... And Latin has it from Greek σχολή.
SCHOOL I think is interesting. It is the only (as far as I know) Engish word that is spelled with “SCH”
@@macruudje it could be Latin in origin. But passed from Dutch to English, therefore this unique spelling.
Going to school in the dark ages was special. Lessons were given by monks, and as far as I know, every child attend lessons. The Dutch word for Monk is Monnik :-)
@@macruudje There is Schadenfreude, isn't there? But that a story for a badder day😵
Maybe mis-remembering my history but the John O'Groats of "Lands End to John O'Groats" fame is named after a Dutchman who operated the ferry from the Scottish mainland to Orkney. Maybe a bit lame to say it's entered the English language, but some people use the expression to mean a long trip.
The ferryman's actually name was Jan de Groot, and I've a feeling the archaic coin 'groat' was derived from his.
The coin Groot is a common medieval Germanic term, akin to great.- 'a big one'
Very informative video. Happy to see you open with koffie en thee, way better than explaining the origin of the Dutch word "apartheid"...
Thanks for that interesting video, Gideon, I have never actually thought about Dutch influence in English.
I would like to suggest some new themes for your videos.
1)video about the words with the most interesting and maybe the longest etymology, it can be really interesting
2) What was spoken English language during the days, when the written English was Old English, then French and Latin. When Middle English came out in the texts it's really surprising, how these Celtic, Old Norse and French features suddenly appeared. There's a book by John McWhorter "Our magnificent bastard tongue", probably you know it, where the author proves the influence of Celtic and Old Norse languages on spoken language and suggests, that spoken English was very different, maybe you know some recent studies, which continue thinking in that direction and which could have apparently reached several new conclusions about spoken English until Middle English era