Stimulant laxatives / Irritant laxatives

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Video Summary:
In this video, we will see stimulant / irritant purgatives. It includes anthraquinones like aloe, senna and cascara. They are inactive as such. After oral administration, they reach the colon without getting absorbed. Here colonic bacteria degrade them to active principle anthrol. It acts on colon. And some of it is absorbed and secreted back, which act on small intestine also. The other group is diphenylmethanes. Drugs in this group are bisacodyl and sodium picosulfate. They are also converted to active metabolite in intestine. Phenolphthalein also belongs to this group. Finally castor oil. It is also inactive and by intestinal lipases it is converted to active ricinoleic acid. As most of these drugs require activation, their effect appear after about 8 hours. These are the drugs. Now lets see their mechanism of action. They irritate intestinal mucosa and produce mild inflammation. Stimulate myenteric plexus to increase peristalsis and also increase fluid and electrolyte secretion in the lumen. This increases the intestinal motility leading to bowel evacuation. As I said, effect appears after about 8 hours. However with castor oil it appears after 2-3 hours and with bisacodyl suppositories, motion occurs in 20-40 minutes. So this was mechanism of action. Now adverse events. They cause cramping, skin rash and long term use can cause mucosal damage, colonic atony and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. They stimulate uterine contraction so should not be used by pregnant women. Aloe, senna and cascara enter the breast milk and can cause purgation in babies. Their long term use cause brown pigmentation of colonic mucosa known as melanosis coli. Phenolphthalein is potential carcinogen so its not used anymore. Use of castor oil has also declined as its unpalatable, cause cramping, after constipation, damage to intestinal mucosa and cardiotoxicity.
● Other drugs for constipation:
• Bulk Forming Laxatives: • Bulk Forming Laxatives...
• Osmotic Purgatives: Lactulose, Polyethylene Glycol Etc: • Osmotic Purgatives: La...
• Lubricant Laxatives/Liquid Paraffin: • Lubricant Laxatives/Li...
• Surfactant Laxative (Docusate): • Surfactant Laxatives (...
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DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purpose only. Although every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, viewer should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorised websites, guidelines and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions or results obtained from use of information in this video.

[@musikaaffection8570]

Thnk u soo much sir ❤

[@nachiketjoshi8157]

Best sir❤.... Waiting for another content.. Plz make videos on hormonal drugs, anti microbials, anesthesia

[@NonstopNeuron]

yes I am regularly uploading videos. There are videos on drugs related to thyroid and insulin.

[@mohamednasr5619]

Great

[@NonstopNeuron]

thank you.!

[@Lvmyself_]

Thank u sir

[@NonstopNeuron]

Welcome

[@nuwanthikawickramasingha2280]

Very clear...😊😊😊

[@NonstopNeuron]

Thanks.!