Are the Irish & Welsh Really Celts?
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- Опубліковано 11 січ 2022
- A brief look at some recent genetic studies that indicate immigration from Gaul into Southern England and Wales, but not Scotland and likely not Ireland. Focusing on the Celtic language I strive to give an answer to this question, as well as when the Celtic language and culture first arrived in Britain and Ireland. I end up focusing more on the Gaels, because if the study is correct, it would demonstrate a direct genetic relation between the Welsh and Gauls, which some people take as the main marker of being a Celt.
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I'm Welsh, as long as I'm not classed as English, I can live with that
ya brother , England Celtic tribes only in Kent in bronze age and been all murdered by the Romans and later the angles and jute's invasions , today nothing is left from our peoples in that areas only wales and Scotland, and not all population
I remember seeing Richard Burton on a talk show, in 1961 (I was 18). The other members of the panel kept referring to him as English. As an Irish American (whose name got to Ireland, from Wales, in 1168, I was annoyed. Burton was gracious and erudite but, after an hour or so, he'd had enough. "You've been referring to me all evening, as English. I'm Welsh.
We admire the English...with a cold dislike."
@@robertolang9684 errant nonsense
@@robertolang9684 the English are 40-60% not Anglo saxon. Meaning they are mostly ancient Briton and celt.
@@curiositycloset2359 sorry mister anglaise , you not belong to my cisalpine tribes that been formed in central Europe Balkans , you from barbarians of the north , since long times
A point I'd make is that a genetic marker doesn't necessarily tell you anything about the language the people used, or their material culture. So if talking about "Celts" you'd need to distinguish between a genetic population, a culture (including language) and the material culture. They shouldn't be seen as identical.
Celt Keltoi Roman equivalent farmer ppl of the land .
All I'm saying is that the Celtic language was an Atlantic thing, not Europe wide. Most of Europe was proto German, including eastern Britain, so didn't 'change' by the Anglo-Saxons, but already was 'german' speaking. What is thought 'celtic' culturally is just as much Germanic, & shared across Europe, including the Celts, not primarily Celtic in origin.
@@lloydbeattie9370 That too simplistic. The Romans, & Greeks to some extent, named a wide group of people after the first name they knew for them, sometimes incorporating different peoples under one 'label' ethnically by association. This is not proof of an actual close ethnic or cultural, or even linguistic connection, but more often mere geography. Thus the Romans met a 'tribe' they heard of as Greeks, so expanded this to mean many people in the eastern Mediterranean, who called themselves 'Hellenes', none say 'Greek'. Similarly, they encountered a group they heard as 'German', & then called a large part of Europe & it's people 'German'. Again, in south western Gaul they found 'Keltoi, or Celts, ,'Gauls', & stretched these to cover many peoples. The Carthage area they new as 'Africa' was expanded to cover the whole Mediterranean coast, later even the whole continent. Asia was just Anatolia, now a vast land mass.
Thus what they called people does not prove an accurate marker of ethnicity or linguistic identity.
Celts in England spoke languages based in Phoenician alphabet so we must say they adopted others Celtic peoples language
The languages are Celtic and many customs, stories and traditions are shared not just on both sides of the Irish Sea but also across the Bay of Biscay and Brittany. Also, many places all over that area have names with Celtic origins. The population may not be fully genetically Celt in Ireland just like it's not fully Anglo Saxon in England. Those peoples merged with the local population and their cultures and languages slowly became dominant in their respective territories, also adopting some traits from the previous culture. It happened with the Celts (different tribes or people's in Britain and Ireland), it happened with the Romans, the Saxons, the Vikings... it's normal
Merged or destroyed.
The Bell Beaker people (ancestors of British and Irish), seem to have annihilated the Early European Farmers that came before them, especially in England.
@@manchesterunited4619
The EEF re-colonised Britain about 1000BC.
@manchesterunited4619 Which seems more plausible given the relatively small population sizes at the time.
@@manchesterunited4619 I believe that's a myth that has been disproven. There are other channels where actual historians and professional archaeologists talk about ancient history that provide more data and quote peer reviewed papers in publications made by experts that have said the anihilation of the EEF is only a myth.
@@anxofernandez3344‘m not in a position to prove or disprove anything concerning this matter. But, especially in the western world, history seems to me to become more and more politicized. In recent times Historians seem to prefer a more harmonious, cooperative and peaceful view on the historic process. Some even say that the ancient Roman Empire ( in the west) didnt really decline and vanished but was simply somehow „transformed“ ( into the early middle ages with its Germanic kingdoms). So, no big deal, guys! I would argue that this is heavily biased and has its roots in wishful thinking. „Yes, at the end of the day we are all good and nice people, ready to be peacefully united into ‚mankind‘. There are only a few troublemakers left which can be and must be „reeducated“ „.
I'm English,Welsh and Irish and proud of it🎉
Thumbs up. Since you are mixed race, you´re allowed to tell racist jokes.
Is there any part of you that is Scottish?
The flower of scotland
With the level of global migration into Ireland it will soon be pretty immaterial whether they are regarded Celtic or not.
Disgustingly true, and all without a fight
@samg1879 Are European decent people going to let themselves go the way of the Neanderthals? Just absorbed into the population & wind up just being 2-4% of everyone elses DNA with nothing of their history or culture left? 😑
Ummm Britain is already 10% non-white but let's focus on Irelands 2% non-white population 🤡
@@samg1879If only there were more people like you willing to stand for idiotic causes
Wah wah wah I don’t like darker skinned people
Listening to your excellent presentation made me long to be back in college where I studied linguistics and majored in anthropology. Good job and thanks!
Fascinating! Your content always intrigues me and challenges my worldview/preconceived notions
Always a good day when you post a new video.
Thank you for doing this one. I've always thought that Irish was much older. Than what the experts were claiming. Keep up the good work brother!
Remains at Tara (Newgrange - in modern day County Meath) date to 5000 years old. Tara/Newgrange is older than than the Great Pyramid. The oldest myths and legends of kings and heroes are of people coming out of Tara. That was the heart of Éire for millennia.
So your instincts are correct. The sons and daughters of Éire have roots going back further than the Egyptians.
Dream on, boy.
This particular topic is of endless fascination for me! Thank you for your delightful video..from Giuseppe in Cape Town South Africa 🇿🇦🌹😊
Good work, very clear explanation of some fascinating data.
I fuppin' love these videos. Good work man!
very interesting, and informative and really sums up the whole celtic migration and linguistic issues. excellent
Fascinating video….Thank You for all your research.😃
Excellent summation my man. Spot on with what I’ve been reading since the 80s.
Absolutely fascinating! Great video! Thank you! I just joined your channel!
Thank you, I so enjoy you're videos. These are so well researched, and your voice is a pleasure to listen to 😍 (I have a crush on your voice) Also share the videos, with everyone 😉
Very interesting. I also find that language is challenging a lot of archeological based history.
Fantastic. Really well researched.
Too many origin theories around the spread of celtic culture assume a one way street east to west but some studies now suggest this may not have been the case. For example some relious practices may have developed in the British isles and spread eastward i.e.Druids. So I think more needs to be done to ensure therories do not always assume to build on well established models but critically assess the various options before settling on a most likely scenario.
Druid was originally a word from Gaelic speakers Gaeilge language, Draoi, the wise people of the Oak
People also forget how connected Europe was before the bronze age collapse, it probably developed simultaneously like English today in GB, USA, Australia, Canada, India etc
The Gauls in what is now France had driuids. I dont think they were particular to the British. I think of them as closer to shamans or witch doctors than priests like those on Rome. And certainly nothing like the modern romantic preraphaelite idea that wanderb around these days. If Caesar is only half right they were as war like as the rest .
What ever we were we definitely have changed somewhat in the past 2000 years. Very good video and thanks from the west of Ireland Geal
Not as much as you may think. Until recently we were largely homogeneous.
@@anniew4105 Yes I agree but the English, Scots, Normans, and even some Viking surnames are quite common today so their influence on us is there all the same. Although less so in the west.
Very informative. Thank you!!
Interesting perspectives. Would love to know more!
Fascinating. Thank you for this video. Very interesting.
Very interesting! Love learning more about the Celts.
Gaels
you can't learn much about it
WILSON and BLACKETT have written many books on the history of the BRITTS ,highly recommend due to the fact years of research was done on the subject . enjoyed this vid very much thankyou.
The Irish aren't Britts! The clue is in the name.
@@markkavanagh4457 Perhaps 🤔 they are both. If they live in the British Isles, they could be British.
It’s getting more and more interesting and every so often I gain a mote of clarity then all sets to spinning again
Very interesting and enlightening, thank you . It seem to me to open up quite a few questions.
17:22 Irish Settlers brought Gaelic to Scotland from Ireland over 1500 years ago and it quickly spread from its initial base in what is now known as Argyllshire. At one time Gaelic was the language of the Scottish court and of the majority of the country's population.
The Irish gaels who brang Gaeilge Gaelic to Scotland and the Isle of man and parts of Wales the Scottish were pics from picland spoke pictish wipe out by the Saxons mac ó MC ní all of Gael Irish blood.. Irish gaels was the first settlers on Iceland too way before vikings 60 percent of Icelandic people share Gael blood. NORSE GAELS
@@Truthwillalwayswinoverlies no offence , but that is drivel. There were no Saxons in early medieval Scotland, the Germanic speakers were Angles, from Northumberland. Secondly, the PICTS were the indigenous people of northern Scotland, they weren’t Gaels or from Ireland and they spoke a language ancestral to modern Welsh
@@derektaylor8830 i think my wife's a pict , shes short lots of tattoos , sometimes speaks a strange language and has warlike moods. I know she loves whiskey and had Wallace for a maiden name. Shes thrown everything at me but a spear. A straight razor once . Yea shes probably a pict . Also my kid died herself blue once , and shes got red hair and talk sht alot. Is there a pictish dna test ?
Scotland essentially means "The land of the Irish"! Scotti was a tribal Roman name for the Irish. Through north Irish and west Scottish kingship and intermarriage (an Irish king married a Scottish princess), a whole Gaelic cross water federation was created, the Dáil Ríada, as Gaeilge (in Irish). That's until the Saisaneach (English, literally Saxons) decided to butt in...
@@SchismaticProductions you completely ignored the Norse, WTF ? Are we gonna pretend McAlpin came from nowhere ? As i can see it the english have tried very hard to de celtify the U.K. so to speak. I wonder what would happen if everybody descended from those places just popped up 1 day and decided to move to London ? Thats diversity ! You got Aussie celts and American Celts and celts from New Zealand etc...theres gotta be 100 million of em. That would take alot of beer.
As a Zimbabwean with British/Scottish and Irish heritage, I am extremely proud and honoured to have the blood of the Brittonic/Gaelic Celts running through my veins. Warrior poets. Healers. Storytellers. Druids. A pure, wise, holy and spiritual people committed to their families, women, beliefs, cultures and ways. To the ways of the Earth and the animals around them.
nice learn a few words (cupla focail) of Gaeilge
Pure? Mmhmm.
@@mercster You look like you could use your vaccines and booster shots. I highly recommend you go to the nearest clinic and get up to date on that.
@@ThePlagueSpreader Get to the sweat-lodge you, and mind your manners when speaking to your betters.
@@mercster I don't have to mind my manners with someone like you. I'm a third degree black belt, and the top of my tae kwon do class. I'll tell you what, I'll go to the sweat lodge after you've gone to the doctors and gotten up to date on your vaccines and boosters.
Get well soon. Thanks for the very insightful video...
Well interesting. Thanks for posting! 👍
Very well done video, I’ve harbored similar thoughts myself
This strikes me as 'Single Study Syndrome' where interested/motivated parties take a single paper and blow its significance out of all proportion. Even if there were/are several studies into the genetics of the British population in this quasi pre-historic era their impact what is a multi-disciplinary topic can only be marginal. What we don't know far exceeds what we do and whilst we should not dismiss new work drawing conclusions are hazardous indeed.
It's political shenannigans too, look what they did with Cheddar Man, e.g. Trying to retcon the history to prop up justifications for "migration" and replacement.
@@idjtoal I think that's the 'interested/motivated parties' bit from my post. The study looks solid enough but the conclusions certain people have drawn seem unwarranted. But then it's History and it's always open to revision. If further studies emerge and evidence from other disciplines confirm them then we may have to rethink our positions. But not yet. 🙂
@@ericjames8233 I would agree if it wasn't for the fact that the same reasoning can be used against old knowledge based around a single mistake that collapses when someone finds the flaw that used to be the foundation of all assumptions. It has happened many times before.
@@svenkaahedgerg3425 I think you are agreeing with my point. It's the 'single mistake' that's the issue. If proper scientific rigour had been applied at the time and the results tested against other studies that 'single mistake' would have been discovered. The real problem is confirmation bias - a single study comes out, academics (being human) think the results look right, and it quickly becomes canon. Eugenics is a good example, 'Piltdown Man' demonstrates how easy it is to fool people who want something to be true. Single studies are dangerous if not treated with healthy scepticism.
@@ericjames8233 I agree with you and that is why when you find that flaw being the old foundation for countless following studies it should be reexamined.
Greetings to you, O Castle of the Lord of Light! An excellent video about my ancestors and where their language came from!
Fantastic presentation!
Interesting video and good arguments. The earliest MBA migrants from the study, even if they are Celtic women, aren't likely to signify the beginning of a linguistic shift, even though they are the start of a very gradual genetic change. Hope you got over covid ok. It did a number on me recently
Thanks. I agree regarding the MBA. I just probably wasn't as clear as I should have been. I am still suffering from COVID actually. It seems to have given me asthmatic-like symptoms now, just as I thought I was finally getting over it.
@@petradollah3896 People are getting something. I agree that covid has definitely been over emphasized but if someone is sick they know it
Yes, but the culture (and language) are first transmitted to the rising generation at the mother's knee.
@@petradollah3896 I'm not sure if it's distinct from SARS, but I had that back in 2015 (or likely did) and it definitely wasn't a cold or flu. Coronaviruses are real things.
That said I do believe vaccine injuries are being misdiagnosed as covid infections.
@@Tipi_Dan Yes and no. Women generally want their children to learn the language of the social elite. That's how we lost Irish. If a small number of women were married to bell-beaker men they wouldn't have had an incentive to prioritise their mother tongue.
Outstanding video and take on the latest paper on the subject. Superb.
Wonderful video!
Excellent video. Thank you.
Thanks so much for giving your source papers! Subscribed!
As someone from a different field of study, it is nice to know when the information you are seeing on UA-cam is from peer-reviewed journals or conferences etc. Any chance you can add these in the video descriptions as well so interested people can follow up?
Absolute rubbish, this is false information, read Steven Oppenheimers work for the truth. 🤙
Just because a group of peoples agree on an certain thing does not mean what they agreed upon was fact
I think it is overlooked, that global sea trade must have had a huge influence on the spread of language, and it wasn't just a gentle spread and diffusion via land, - word of mouth- so to speak.
except the sailors were Celts...
there was a Phoenician colony in England but no blood is traced now, so trade not always change anything
Good job on talking about the balance objections to the paper. While data science is a way to examine evidence it is only one method. Good inquiry uses as many tools as possible/necessary. Each tool is a snapshot from a particular angle. Each is important in its own way.
I liked hearing way you came through hear to express your thought, seemed like the real you was coming out more. Like the other side of your work too though, the info story telling stuff
The peoples of Northern Spain, Brittany, Wales, Ireland and Scotland all are overwhelmingly Y-DNA haplogroup R1b, most significantly R1b-L21. This haplogroup and its subclades have long been strongly associated with the proto-Celtic invasions during the early Bronze age.
Sorry but that is bullshit pal.
@@davidgreen6490 I'm not familiar with this. Can you explain or give me a source for study? I'm of welsh decent myself.
I don't know why people are denying this 😂 this has pretty much been proven by ancient dna analysis over the past few years. The modern Irish derive the vast majority of their ancestry from the first Indo-Europeans who arrived in the isles.
@@mjhellman7591 No they dont. The Irish DNA profile is almost identical to the rest of the areas of the British Isles. Around 30% pre Celtic invasion, around 20% post Celtic invasion and the rest Nordic admixture from tbe Viking era.
The main difference is that Irish Viking admixture came from Northern Scandinavia, mainly Norway and the British admixture came from southern Scandinavia, mainly Denmark.
To be honest you would find it very difficult to separate a population from Ireland and one from England prior to the modern world wide influx into the UK.
Anyone know which R1b branch is associated with Germanic? I haven't been able to find it.
thank you so much for being unafraid to dig into sensitive history and being willing to share what you find, I love this channel so much. my personal summation is that we all bleed red it doesn't matter where we come from we are all human, but the history and evolution of society as we know it is fascinating from an educational standpoint. cheers from a USA McLane keep fighting the good fight
Excellent video. Thumbs Up. And with a name like Fortress of Lugh, I had to Subscribe.
„Linguistic weeds“ -> pleasure of some right here! 🤘🏻💕 love the video!! Thanks so much!!!
I definitely consider myself to be a Celt - I was born and raised in Wales. It's the Anglo-Saxons who are the newcomers.
@J Boss Just had my DNA done I'm 55% Irish, 26% Scots 6% Welsh 4% Swedish/Danish and the rest English. Living in the UK I think I can handle all that. Taffbanjo I reckon you're a Celt and we live very near Wales!
@J Boss There's a lot of truth in what you say - I certainly look more Norse than my other brothers (five of them). but in the modern idiom, I identify as a Celt. You are actually wrong - my people were in the British Isles 500 years before the Norselanders ever got here. I have to ask, what do you know of my DNA?
@@missflooze That's pretty much true of a lot of us, I reckon. If these so-called Woke people can choose their sex (NOT gender - that's for parts of speech), then I can choose the ethnicity closest to my heart. Go in peace, brother....
there were not many of them, the genetic testing on English people shows they are all at least 60% Celtic
@@ajrwilde14 I'll have to take your word for it - I'm still happy to speak to Anglo-Saxons, though, cos that's the kinda guy I am.
The Celts probably Bell-beaker derived anyway. Just a different strain.
Fascinating, thank you.
Great video as always.
Curious about 20:06 , I see some french in the background, is it some breton thing? I'd love a link.
Excuse me, the map that you used in 17:24 to illustrate what I understand that are the phases of spreading of Bell Beaker culture is probably wrong or obsolete, as it shows a guessed initial spreading from Central Europe. It's origin is now mainly accepted to be in Western Iberian Peninsula. (Of course, it doesn't invalidate the rest of the video at all. This is just a little observation).
that is bulshit because , the Iberian trace they DNA to Germanic European farmers and sintasha culture , it does not match Iberian DNA at all
@@robertolang9684 A culture has other forms of spreading apart of physical migration and assimilation of other populations. Nowdays it is proved that the Bell Beaker culture developed first in western Iberian Peninsula where the oldest archeological sites vinculated to that culture have been found. Migrations from Central Europe to Iberia could have happened - there is genetical evidence of a very significant one in particular - but they are not connected to the spreading of Bell Beaker archeological culture itself. It is important to understand that expansion processes during Neolithic were more complex phaenomena than they used to be thought in past decades, as new evidence has been found progressively.
@@Termosugus bell beakers culture , notting to do with indo european
by DNA testing , of ancient samples the Iberian population got more matches to old Hallstatt and la tenne than Iberia itself , the same goes for a small percentage from Irish and Scottish so that theory does not match DNA testing of Iberia samples , if we look to eupedia dodecade k12 the Iberian samples are not different than the Iberian today meaning the Iberian of bronze age come from alpine areas of austria to iberia
I wonder if in 500 years archaeologists will separate our civilization into the cement-building people, the plywood building, the brick-builders, the log cabin people, or the ceramic vs paper plate people. The way they date things relies heavily on presumptions that I havent seen satisfying proof of.
I think you're on to something.
@@nickp9115 huh
They use "corded wäre" etc because they left no written sources, so archeologists have little better to use.
Also, these people would have lived up to the 1200s BC, so to complete your idea we would be talked about in those terms in 3000 years
They will have video to watch.
Likely there will be a version of a story that goes.. the first little pig built his house out cardboard.. then 2nd pig plywood, 3rd rammed earth and so on...
Fascinating lecture. Really good counterpoint to the ridiculously narrow interpretation based on genes only. You're comparison with other groupings like Germanic is very apt.
I hope you're feeling better now!
I enjoy your videos very much, probably due to the measured approach to topics that prompt passionate responses. Great stuff.
Great video, thank you. I am inclined to agree with all or almost all of it. For me, a really interesting question is: why were the Celtiberian & Gallaecian languages still Q-Celtic, despite being continental? Were they just more conservative descendants of Proto-Celtic, being at the fringes of Celtic Europe? Was there some sort of sprachbund that affected Gaul and Britain but not Ireland and Spain? Did Goidelic come from northern Spain? (Seems unlikely, even if there was a small and late migration from NW Spain, as suggested by Irish mythology).
Excellent analysis here, and that's coming from a trained anthropologist.
i find many times people jump to conclusions when a new study comes out thinking that it will brake the narrative
My paternal haplogroup is in the R1b area (RL21), so basically bronze age people with Celtic lineage which has been traced back and studied heavily. I could probably send a bunch of source links from my 23&me account.
What if all r1b moved to 1 location ?
I am R-L21. Hapogroup to Robert de Brus. Related to the Queen and Diana up to Egypt. Boylen sister Mary. My mom's is King Louis 16th family DNA. I have both sides of royal ancestors. Collins and Carters/O'Neil, Mound of the nine hostages, Tara.
@@fairchild1737 so where should we all move to ?
Could there be any chance that the Gaulish word "epos" was at some point transferred to the Finns with something like trade connections? We still have "hepo" as a nickname for horse (hevonen). I mean with the Finnish language being quite a time freezer of loan words, Kuningas for example, it wouldn't really be a surprise!
Epos is related to Latin equus where modern equine comes from. It's a widespread Indoeuropean word so could have come from a Germanic language and the wiktionary article suggests it does though it's also close to the Greek version of hippos - hippopotamus 'river horse'.
Proto-Finno-Ugric and Proto-Indo-European do have a certain vocabulary in common, and we just don't know what kind of relation does this show.
so latin made spanyards italians in dna ? ha ha ha , how come english language did not made Irish English ? ha ha ha ha what language has to do with DNA ? did women got pregnant with language or with sex in that time ? ha ha ha
you look for foreign words in own language instead of looking for Finnish in other, it's a bit odd
@@szymonbaranowski8184why?
I'm gathering resources to hopefully put together a type of linguistic wiki. Do you have book references for the Gualish/Goidelic table?
Thank you! Very interesting!
Sorry to hear you suffered from Covid. I got it for New Years and had no ill effects at all. But I lost my sense of smell for 5 days. I'm an Australian of mixed Scottish, Irish and Welsh background. 100% Aussie but interested in my heritage. Nice doco.
well load your test results no yourdnaportal calculator mdlp 7 and it will tell you what you are if you are halsttat and la tenne peoples tribes
Aboriginal people are 100 % from this place you are newcomer
Your not 100% aussie if you have mixed backgrounds. Lets ignore logic yay
I once had a dog with no nose.
@@robertrobski1013 Aussie in culture.
The fact that the Basques also have a close genetic connection with the Insular Celtic population is also significant.
My DNA scot,Irish, n Welch is +80% my blood type common in Basques. I'm dark skin, dark curly hair, blue eyed, slim faced, short lil maloney, with de howychon in my tree
I must point out that Irish DNA bares no resemblence to the French or Spanish whom have a MASSIVE amount of "celt" DNA markers, as well as similar markers of the basques. I think its time the irish are stripped of the celtic flag, since there is no evidence that they are. Also to make it worse if we examine celt culture of Gaul and the celts that occupied spain and portugal for god knows howlong, irish so called celtic culture looks NOTHING like it, at all. So how is it the irish get to claim celt heritage?
@@brendamaloney-gutierrez5916 Im gonna need some proof, ive encountered many so called celts online who openly lie
Basques and Insular Celts aren't close genetically. Basques form their own cluster but are most closely related to Southern French and Northern Spanish. Basques also have less Bell Beaker input than Insular Celtic populations much higher Farmer input and did not speak Celtic languages. They speak a pre-Indo-European language one of the few remaining in Europe.
great video great footage of my county
How far can you go into your family tree ? .very interesting. I personally can go back to to the 16th century. History is great. Thank you.
It is likely that the Bronze Economy (2500 bce -400 bce) spread the forms of the “Gallic Languages” (Gall=strong, mercenary, able) along the trade routes from North Wales (copper) and Cornwall (tin) to the Rhein, Danube, and Alps (which is where (Children of Don/Danu) came from in the first place circa 2500 bce.
0:22 discusses genetic findings bearing on the migration of Celtic-speaking people into Ireland, Scotland, and Wales; shows a Neolithic monument built at least 500 years before any Indo-European-speaking people or their ancestors got within 500 miles of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, or England.
Doesn't make sense? What's the credible evidence!? Celtics built those. Monuments
@@pij6277 No, dolmens like that were there before the Celts got there - most built from around 4000 to 2500 BC by the Neolithic people the video talks about being replaced by Indo-European-speaking people, possibly the first Celts. Same with Stonehenge and Newgrange. The fact that they were made by people before the Celts arrived was preserved in Irish mythology.
This is fascinating.
Gosh. That was great. Love this stuf
I did my DNA test recently and it turns out I’m 110% Celt
The Celts were obviously bad at maths
@@andym9571 Loved language, though, according to Tacitus. Peerless punners.
These DNA tests are a commercial thing, a commodity. I wouldnt trust it too far.I have heard of many with 1 to 5(!)% subsaharan african admixture. The Out of Africa theory vindicated (?!).
Romans scared to death of outlr women as celt woman charged at them some even cut of there breasts for better archery the Romans called us crazy warriors tbf we just minding our own business and everyone trying to Rob us and take our shi
you must be Iberian then only Iberian are that close to that Celtic people of Hallstatt and la tene the rest are just residual intermixing
The P/Q difference actually cuts across many IE languages. And language families. That doesn’t imply the “chain” you propose, but something at once larger and more complex, but also perhaps relatively superficial. In fact it persists even in some cognates in different dialects of English.
The Great Orme of North Wales and the Hallstatt salt mines (both mining) had a huge impact on the European economy (1300-800 bce) and changed the wealth structures. Horses became more common, too.
And thanks for this video cheers
I always see us Scottish and Welsh plus the Irish and also the Cornish as our Celtic cousins! So That’s what I believe to be true!
The study he refers to shows the re-colonisation of Britain by Anatolian farmers. They replaced the Indo-Europeans!
That must be why the British have dark features.
The Irish are Indo-Europeans, often with white skin and blue eyes.
Theory: that is the reason the British find it difficult to get on with Europeans - they're not really Europeans!
Most Welsh don't look Irish - but some do, because a third of them are Irish (from the Irish kingdoms in Wales).
Devon and Cornwall had Irish kingdoms!
Every dna site puts me as 80 British 20 German my family comes from Manchester but I get southern England what ancestry calls south Italian I get same 4 percent as Anatolian or Assyrian Levant on other sites. No record of that in my family is this from the invaders you speak? My phenotype is odd I can't seem to find one that matches I am 6,1 210 pounds brown eyes and hair. Strong build but not like a pure Nordic the only people who seem bigger then me other then some blacks. Ged match puts me as iron age Britain Celtic Britain 90 10 Assyrian I get West Scotland and Argyll often. My mother is a Campbell. Sorry for bothering on. My whole life people say I look Jewish or greek. But none of that in my family at least for 500 years. Is there a video I can watch on this paper? Sorry if typos Amazon fire tablet only gives a tiny response box
@@ryankellypa
I don't know if there is a video on the paper.
But its interesting that half of the Indo-Europeans were replaced by the people that THEY had replaced!
Most of Europe was taken over by Indo-Europeans - except Britain.
I was always puzzled why the British are generally dark-featured, with sallow skin - when they're supposed to be "Anglo Saxons"!
And it might explain their antagonism to Europe.
These Anatolians, I guess, would be providing the base population - so their looks would always be coming through in some way - and it could explain your looks!
@@johnpatrick5307 thanks for the insight. I'm 80 percent r1b around 15 to 16 i1 small percentage of g2 and j1. My family all hails from england and Scotland. Mytrueancestry has me as celt mostly then briton celt then british tribes such as canti dobunni and parisi. I only had a small amount of anglo saxon like 8 percent and some frankish. According to them burials of archers at Stonehenge and Kent and 1 in york are direct ancestors. I really have no idea how I got 4 to 5 percent anatolia. This sheds some light. Thank you. I'll look for this paper.
@@johnpatrick5307 how you can get that so wrong , i'm a direct descendant in DNA from Hallstatt and la tene Celtic cultures and i don't have nothing of Irish , only Scottish , wales and celtiberian gaul ?
Excellent explanation. From a linguistic perspective a LBA expansion of Proto-Celtic into the British Isles and Iberia from Gaul makes perfect sense.
We know enough about the Scots and Irish to know they migrated from different parts of Europe and the history books suggest that the welsh migrated to Britain during the Celtic expansion before the rise of the roman empire and the welsh where later driven into wales during the angle-Saxon conquest and colonization of Britain and before this the welsh where driving all over Britain by attempts at mass murder and genocide by the roman empire with whole villages having to be abandoned. The welsh are in wales because that was the land the angle-Saxon allowed them to keep.
See 'Celtic From The West' volumes 1 to 3. Also Koch's book linking Tartessian to proto-Celtic. All the best.
Historians have claimed that the goth migrated or where driven out of Sweden and the reason for the similarities found in Swedish and gothic metal working that where the main source of the knowledge of the later roman weapons.
@@masterlee9822 Goths came from sea shore centers and islands
they moved for better trade opportunities probably heavily trading amber ec
I don't expect them to be driven out of Scandinavia by anything except weak trade profits...
Did I just hear some music from one of the greatest JRPG's of all time, Xenogears? Starts around 14.30 ish.
Well done!.
I have no idea how I can identify as being Irish? However my grandmother's last name was Colvin given to her by her father. She and her husband with a name "Mc" and then another additional name close to "murry" raised all their children in rural Oklahoma USA in the late 1800s.
This is well reasoned. If one can draw any conclusions, it would be that our European past is very messy, and whatever is recorded is open to interpretation.
I love the Celts. I have developed such an interest in these amazing and fascinating people. The Celts of Great Britain were an indigenous people who honoured the Earth and animals. A very spiritual people connected to the land and spirit just like the Native Americans, Australian Aboriginals, Africans and Pacific Islanders. Unfortunately most accounts from the Romans depicted them as brutal savages not unlike how mainstream history has treated other indigenous peoples. More studies of these amazing yet misunderstood people should be undertaken.
Migration from the mainland is the best theory, or did they evolve from apes on the island? 🤔. There is a bottleneck in genetics, suggesting all races originate from a small group, thousands of years ago, migrating out of the Middle East. See scythians
@Falk no one asked for your input. Plus the Brittonic celts were very similar to the indigenous in the americas so please respect it.
No. Only the Germanics are indigenous aka "master race"as Hitler told it. All others are Aryan immigrants
@Falk You misunderstood, mate. Indigenous also means people who have a close connection to the Earth. Who are adapted to and live in cooperation with Nature ( not as being native to just one spot. ). Unlike Westernized, modern culture. Celtic Britons were the same as Native Americans, Australian Aboriginals and other peoples who treated the Earth and animals with honour, kindness and respect. People who lived off the land and knew natural medicines to take care of themselves. Friendly word of advice. Please don't call anyone silly for their opinions because you are trying to force your own on them. Thanks
@Falk They indeed put great emphasis on warrior culture, and developed warrior codes and ethos so much more elaborated than ours today (which in fact are non-existent) that we wouldn't even be able to fathom.
But they certainly weren't as "violent" as us modern day folk who invest billions in the creation of weapons of mass destruction, or slaughter billions of animals per day for our mere profit and gustatory pleasure.
There's a fine distinction between being "extremely violent", which is the view your biased eyes have through a lens influenced by your own modern standards of violence and by main-stream depiction of ancient cultures, and having an elaborated warrior culture.
They would take the weapons only if necessary, but at the same time, maybe more often than us today who wallow in comfort and came to a point where we even tolerate the intolerable.
The study if presented in language other than Anglo, could be interesting.
Is this another feature of globalization?
Go raibh mhaith agat, slan go foill as Eireann.
English is best 🙏✊😜
Cruithen is pronounced krɯNʲ crew-ny’h.
The orthography of Scottish Gaelic does not follow the same as the orthography of English. (Any more than English spelling rules follow French spelling rules). An “h” usually signifies that the consonant before it changes or disappears according to case or tense. And when you get more than one vowel in a row, like the “ui”, the second consonant is also usially a grammatical /syntactical indicator of a potential sound change.
Was at Bangkok airport in 1998. Two young women approached my friend --- a London-born son of a Cork man and a Kerry woman --- asking him, "are you flying to Tel Aviv". Presumably because they considered he looked like a person who would be flying to Tel Aviv.
There was quite some long distance trading going on during the bronze age. I wonder if proto celtic could have started as a trading language.
When I was in college, that was the given consensus for how Ireland became celtic, we were trading heavily with people from celtic groups and started mimicking aspects of their culture. The example they used was a iron age style celtic sword made of bronze in Ireland (might have been flint, it's been a while) we essentially adopted the culture since it was seen as better and came with benefits in trade and relations or atleast that was the proposed theory on it
In essence this is Cunliffe's thesis, see 'Celtic From The West' volumes 1 to 3 and Koch's working tracing 'proto-Celtic' to Tartessian. This is the Atlantic theory. All the best.
@@monaghangm I believe that Ireland actually invented and exported much of the sword styles, noting that there are more Gundlingen BA swords in Ireland than in mainland Europe. From Ballintober via forms of Ewart Park to Gundlingen think Ireland then what is now Wales, England, Scotland and thence to Europe.
The 5 Celtic regions are Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall and Brittany.
I just discovered your channel recently, I absolutely love it, learning so much 💕
Having ancestors from Brittany (named LeGaul, seriously ☺️) I've always been fascinated with their origins. Have you ever read the article that came out several years ago that said there may be new evidence putting the origins of the Celts somewhere in NW France, probably Brittany.
I'm sure as sea levels were still rising and causing migrations, people could have moved to places that they probably had preexisting trading histories with... maybe that's where they sent their daughters to marry and develope those bonds, who knows, just where my thinking is going.
Long post, sorry 😐...
Have you done anything on the Old Frisian coastline, and it's gradual sinking over several thousand years? We all know about the lost lands of Doggerland and that Britain was once connection to the mainland, but Old Frisia was still occupied and was chronicled by the Romans and others.
I just would love to see a video you may have done... or maybe someday 😆
Love your content! Think I'll go binge watch the rest.
I agree with your conclusions. I think a great part of the criticism is a reaction against the long held view that celtic society started with the Hallstat culture, which subsequently expanded over central Europe, a spread later invigorated during the La Tene period.
I think a recalibration of this view, seeing the origins of celtic culture and language in the Urnfeld culture is far more helpfull and accepting the later strong influences of the Hallstatt and particularly La Tene cultures on this urnfeld culture substrate is a much more helpfull view of understanding the development of Celtic cultures.
8:38 What other people had jewelry with this style? Its exactlt like Scythian jewelry Ive seen
I am French-Canadian of Norman heritage from Rouen Normandy, my haplogroup is DF49 which puts me in Ireland paternally. When I use GED MATCH and mytrueancestry it says I am 97% Celtic which breaks it down as danish gaelic icelandic. It's interesting.
Mate your Canadian be proud your not a celt be proud ov being a yank
@peakyblinder4511 yes, I am Canadian. I've been researching our ancient lines and discovered we came out of the British Isles into Normandy in 944 during the viking age and into Canada, New France in 1635. This is our paternal route.
@peakyblinder4511 when we use the term French-Canadian it just means the early settlers of Canada 🇨🇦
@@peakyblinder4511
@@peakyblinder4511 Canadians are NOT yanks.
Since the term Celts really covers a culture rather than a race, yes they are Celts but there are other influences such as Viking also.
Viking, Norman, Anglo Saxon...
it is like many call Deutschland Germany....it would be like call the italians romans .....maybe there is more germanic in north Germany or Scandinavia....the rest is of many slavic, roman and keltic or retians or ilirian tribes,latter mostly romanized ....fact is...we have still here a germanic or there a roman/latin or a keltic descending language...but we are Deutsch or Italian or Irish...and our culture is deutsch, irish or italian or whatever.....and we are not folks which hasnt change since more than 2000 years...we dont make germanic, keltic or roman music.....our music has evolved and many folcloric is typical european from 17/18th centuries...and little is known from music of the original tribes....so for sure you can find everywhere now also traces of germanic, keltic, roman, greek or slavic influence.......but we arte defenitivly not like the "original" old tribes....
Aren't the Norse people who "went Viking (raiding offshore from their homes)" rather than a people called the Vikings?
Pretty much sums it up. There is a whiff of suspicious revisionism in these blown up theories about "Celts being not Celts" (a recent exhibit in Brittany also propagated similar fantasies, despite the fact that Western Bretons share more DNA with insular Celts than any other group). Sorry but if you are familiar with Celtic languages ( among the oldest in Europe), it's easy to see the close relationship between surviving Celtic cultures.
I'm Irish and "celtic" is a fantasy culture from the past 100 years or so. The Irish never self identified as "celts"
Some of the uncommon names you used for people and things made it very hard to follow along with some parts of this video and wasn’t enough context around the word to make it educated guess that I could have faith in but still very good and informative video
If anyone wants a clearer picture of Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Gaulish or English, stuff such as the Pyrenees Mountain history can help with the big picture too. I feel my relationship with the topics like this channel's collection because the Basque live close to both Germanic groups and Celtic groups, that's clear if you're able to admit the changes through the years.
Thank you. Having binged on Time Team archeology since 2020, now Dig Ventures I understand the lingo of the field! Having just found your work Looking forward to more digging up ancient genetic links and eliminating the massive gaps of true, not Anthropological or Archeological old guard's false narrative. Aquarias the age of revealing what's been our veil of denial to see, comprehend our hidden knowledge about human kind, unity & uniqueness.
home or house in welsh is actually, Ty meaning house( also To which means roof), Cartref meaning home
As a Welshman I can congratulate the pronunciation in this video. Lots of documentaries get Welsh pronunciation wrong.
This (1:35) is insane!! This is the first time I've ever heard of this. In Greece, we are never taught of such a battle. The only Battle of Thermopylae we are taught about is the one between King Leonidas and his 300 Spartans and the invading Achaemenid Persian Empire under Xerxes in 480 BC. The one you are referring to is a battle with the exact same name but in 279 BC. When Googling the "Battle of Thermopylae, " I mainly get the 480 BC battle, as if deliberately given less information about my country and the world. Hmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
Funnily enough gaul or gall in Gaelic usually means foreigner...
Cymru means foreigner in Saxon , we see it as fellow countryman
Welisc - Saxon for stranger