A Complete Introduction to Gothic Architecture
Вставка
- Опубліковано 29 вер 2013
- The word "gothic" evokes images of the massive ornately decorated cathedrals built in medieval Europe. Learn more about the features and basic ideas that govern gothic architecture.
Image Credits:
Steve Cadman, Marie-Lan Nguyen, Nina Aldin Thune, Tango7174, Antoine, H3kt0r, AgnosticPreachersKid, Crazypaco, Hermes from mars, Goldi64, Magnus Manske, Jonthunder, de:Benutzer:Klugschnacker
Hi Spencer - I really liked your informative introduction to Gothic architecture. At the risk of being pedantic, you show a picture of the roof of King's College Chapel when you name the pointy things as parapets when in fact they are pinnacles. More correctly, the parapet is the row of pierced openings along with the pinnacles.
Gothic looks badass
Thanks for the clear explanation on the structure of the gothic cathedral. The main elements were analyzed with synthetic precision.
The video is very informative about the Gothic style, which is not so long but not too short. It is good enough for the people like me who want to learn a bit of Gothic design before traveling in Europe. Thanks !
Great video; exactly what I was looking for in preparation for my next trip. Please continue.
Another delightful video from you, Spenc.. thank you!
Wonderful, Very thorough job and beautiful pictures.
Excellent work from beginning to end.
Fascinating!! Thank you for your video.
TERMINOLOGY.
The word "Gothic" was not used in a contemporary context to imply that the architecture was a departure from Roman or from Romanesque. It was not used at all, in THAT period. In fact, it was not applied to architecture until the late 1600s, after Classical/Roman style architecture had been revived during the Renaissance, and had become "the norm". THEN architects, looking backward, saw the old churches with their pointed arches as "Germanic", Barbaric" or "Gothic" for want of a better word to describe them. It was very clear (to the architects of the Late Renaissance) that IF the style was governed by rules of mathematics (which was not obvious) then the it was a very different and quirky set of rules. Why (to the Renaissance mind) would anyone build a pointed arch which can be at any angle at all, when you can draft a beautiful semi-circle that is mathematical perfection?
Let me emphasise that the suggestion, both in this and another video that I have seen, that contemporary people criticised these buildings as "un-Roman" is a ridiculous notion.
you are taking a real-time / contemporaneous approach to the notion of gothic as a style that was not understood as revolutionary at the time but as a slowly evolving continuum emerging from traditional classical styles. while that is true in the experiential sense, as an educational channel my goal is to help people recognize and understand different styles as distinct entities so they can recognize them and identify their defining features. while there is obviously a tremendous amount of overlap I have tried to select examples that emphasize more strictly gothic features for this reason.
I'm literally losing brain cells just reading both of these comments ;-;
@@whitewifi4837 your comment is underrated
Spencer- he's correct. In fact, your narrative is full of small, but critical errors that highlight your lack of research on this topic, to the point where you failed to define the very essence of Gothic architecture...
If you love Gothic architecture and/or cathedrals, read "Pillars of the Earth". It's a sweeping historical novel that follows the construction of a cathedral in early medieval England during The Anarchy. One of my favorite books of all time and a must-read.
My class would like to thank you for this wonderful video. They are so proud of you and your accomplishments. :-) They said they love the pictures, and wanted to know if you enjoyed visiting Paris (since they are French).
ahhh...sans blague?! je vous en prie...merci pour votre mots gentils. et bien sur, paris est toujours amusant.
Hi Spencer, love your videos. They really help me study for the history of art exams. Do you think you could caption the important vocabulary in your next videos? I would really appreciate it. Thanks!
Great informative video thanks for sharing :)
thanks, very nice video
Thanks that was really interesting
Thank you, good explanation
wow amazing video thanks so much
really helpful
Great vid man, thanks a lot.
Michael McDonough h
I would recommend you do some more research on buttresses and flying buttresses and figure out which way the forces of the buttresses are opposing the outward force of the walls. What you describe is actually the distribution of forces in a pointed arch; the forces on walls and buttresses oppose each other.
Fantastic video, man. :) Very well crafted, digestible, and articulate. Spot on, as I'm sure you know, in your research, as well. Absolutely excellent. :)
“So, this is a flying buttress, ok?!”
“Okay, okay!”
Very clear and informative. Thank you.
Very informative :) much appreciated!
Dope
Cool video, i live in Michigan "USA". and in Detroit, Mi. they have some pretty crazy Gothic style buildings. You should check them out.
mike heat well I live in ann arbor, so we are neighbors! which buildings in detroit do you recommend?
Oh i'm not completely sure i couldn't give you an exact location, but i seen them all the time driving South on I-75 heading towards Detroit. You could most likely do a simple google search saying "old Detroit Gothic buildings".
mike heat ok ill check it out. there is some beautiful architecture in dwntwn detroit. unfortunately a lot of it is in sad shape.
The Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament, the Episcopal Cathedral Church of St. Paul, Central United Methodist Church, St. John Episcopal Church, Our Lady of the Rosary Catholic Church, Metropolitan United Methodist Church, St Joseph Episcopal Church, and many others, are all on Woodward Ave and worth a visit.
Also, St. Ann Church, Sweetest Heart of Mary Church, St Joseph Church, St Josaphat Church, Old St. Mary Church in Greek Town, and St. Florian Church in Hamtramck are all magnificent buildings worth investigating.
Kirk in the Hills and Christ Church both in Grosse Pointe are also well worth a visit.
Some Undergroundlevel of big "cathedrals" look like trainstations...:)
gothic style was born in north eastern france arrow like features you mention at the beginning( their second use is to apply more weight on some of the struture like on top of a "mur de culée" ) are called PINACLES gothic is based on putting all the weight on pilastres large columns and a system of stone springs called croisées d'ogives reporting all downward pressure on column instead of just walls allowing builders to open large bay windows to let natural light into the building there is no such a thing as italian gothic german gothic english gothic gothic style is gothic style the first gothic building made in english was started by guilllaume de Sens
different loges (lodge it used to be a covered room where magister drawn the plans on the floor using 12 segments string and the compass they use to call the lord's tool )
children of master jacques
children of father soubise
children of the temple of salomon (these built most of german cathedrals)
the highest one is in a little town called BEAUVAIS saint pierre de beauvais the cathedral height under the roof 48 meters part of it fell down forcing people to run out before getting killed curiously the croisées d'ogives or stones springs remained in place only the masonry between them has fallen down nice video :)
why do the parapets have those spikes coming out of the sides?
Very well said.Thanks a lot.
But still Gothic architecture seems to be much mystic to me.
CST Railway Station of Mumbai,India is an example for this architecture.But it has statues of numerous scary hounds,scary people,occult like symbols in it.
Can anyone give any explanation on the meaning of those statues.Pictures can be obtained by google images.
Thanks a lot.
Wow! that is some railway station!
Looking this video for a Minecraft base, I hope it turns out good
I think Notre Dame has to be seen from it´s sides, they are even better than the front, it´s like they really went in detail building it´s sides.🧐
Is Gothic architecture In Europe essentially Norman Architecture?
Someone said to me that Gothic architecture is differnt to Norman Architecture?
Larry is right, but Gothic was developed from Romanesque primarily by the Normans in England and France. Already as early as Durham Cathedral you can see all the characteristics of what would become Gothic, but it's still considered Norman Romanesque. At Durham you have a large tall nave, tall towers, transepts with large pointed windows, ribbed groin vaults, and flying buttresses. There is even a rose window on the back wall. All the technical details are there, but it still has more of the feeling of Romanesque because the walls and piers are still quite thick.
dlwatib, You are falling into a common trap of thinking that Durham Cathedral was designed to have the features that you describe. It was not.
On one level, you are correct in pointing out that Durham is a key building in understanding the transition. But most of the features that you have pointed out were not relevant to the process, because thy are later additions The tall towers, the pointed windows, and particularly the large Chapel of Nine Altars with its Rose window are NOT regarded as Romanesque in any way- they are all regarded as Gothic additions from several later building stages. THESE features do not make Durham in any way significant architecturally.;they are each typical of the Gothic date of their creation
Why is the Romanesque architecture at Durham important for the development of Gothic architecture?
1. The high stone vaults are ribbed, not groin vaults.
2. The transverse (the ones that go straight across) ribs in the aisles form pointed arches. to make them the same height as the wider diagonal ribs.
3. Flying buttresses have been used, but they cannot be seen externally because they are under the roofs of the side aisles.
BTW don't use the expression "ribbed groin vault". It is either a ribbed vault or a groin vault. A groin vault is one without ribs.
Brick Gothic isn't more modern just because of the simple window tracery. You can't just form tracery out of brick that easy like with sandstone. Looks like st. Nicolas church in Stralsund. And English cathedrals do have rose windows. York minster and Lincoln cathedral.
my teacher is making me watch this i dont want too :)
no im joking i appretiante this vid thanks
ha
Lol
santa maria del fiore is not gothic its a renaissance building and was the very first dome made by brunelleschi known for his work as an early renaissance architect.
What you are calling "parapets" are "pinnacles". A "parapet" is the long fence sort of thing that runs along the edge of a roof.
the parapet is not the fence part but the space behind it
No, Carsten. The word "parapet" comes from the Latin petto, pectus, the chest. It carries the meaning of something defensive. It is essentially part of the masonry that rises up abve the wall in a sort of fence. Battlements form a type of parapet, but so does any other type of decorative masonry jutting up from the wall, above the line where the roof meets the masonry. There may be a walkway behind the parapet, but if the roof is steep, there may not.
EXPLORE GOLGUMBAZ
This has its fair share of misinformation in it.
1:00 Gothic architecture has absolutely NOTHING to do with the Goths. That is completely incorrect. During the middle ages, Gothic architecture was called "opus francigenum" which meant "French work". It was also known as "Stile Nova" or the "New Style" as it was indeed new in comparison to the old Romanesque style (you did correctly point out, however, that Gothic architecture evolved from Romanesque; this is quite true). The term "Gothic", however, did not appear in the general vocabulary until the 2nd half of the 16th century. It was the Italian artist, architect, writer, and historian, Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574), who referred to the medieval style of architecture disparagingly calling it the "barbarous German style". He erroneously attributed various features of Gothic architecture to the Goths, whom he blamed for the destruction of many of Rome's magnificent buildings after the fall of Rome. The architecture of the Renaissance sought to reintroduce the refined elements of architecture achieved by the Greeks and more specifically the Romans. The architecture of the Middle Ages fell out of favor and was considered not only old fashioned, but uncouth and barbaric (like the Goths - hence the name), especially when compared to the elegance and purity of design featured in Renaissance architecture.
1:38 Those are not parapets, they are pinnacles. Same at 1:43 Each one of those little towers is called a pinnacle. In the case of the roof of King's College Chapel (which is what the picture is of), all the stonework to either side of the roof is a parapet, however, the "little towers" as you call them, are, in fact, pinnacles. A parapet is a protective wall or barrier along a roof, bridge, or balcony.
2:15 It is true one reason for the large windows in Gothic buildings was to illuminate the dark interior; however, there was also a more significant religious component to the quest for light; in the medieval religious conception, light was considered the actual presence of God.
2:40 The pointed arch was not "borrowed" from Islamic architecture. Yes, the pointed arch was, indeed, a feature of Islamic architecture, but to say the Europeans "borrowed" it is an over statement and an oversimplification. The pointed arch was used in a completely different context in western architecture, it was the Europeans who unlocked and mastered the pointed arch's potential.
3:44 "You can see the geometric design here is quite elaborate, hence the name Flamboyant". WRONG. The Flamboyant style is elaborate, to be sure; but what makes it flamboyant is its use of flame-like windings in its tracery.
9:30 That is a picture of St. Mary's Church, Lubeck, Germany which was built between 1250 and 1350, so it is not "more modern" as you put it. The building was severely damaged on March 28, 1942, during WW2, but was restored as best as possible to its original design after the war between 1947-1959.
9:45 The nave is not a level, it is the long part of the church. The windows along the bottom level of the nave are the arcade windows or more accurately the aisle windows; you are correct, however, the top row of windows are the clerestory windows.
10:30 The triforium is above the aisle, not above the nave. In earl Gothic, however, the space above the aisles was often nearly as large as the aisle below, although not as high, and thoroughly vaulted in stone (as at Laon Cathedral and Paris Cathedral). This space was not called a triforium in early Gothic architecture, as the space did not form a triangle with the slopping roof over the aisle; rather, these large spaces were actually galleries. A triforium often did exist above the gallery where the gallery roof connected to the wall thus providing 4 levels (arcade, gallery, triforium, clerestory) as can be clearly seen in Laon Cathedral. In later Gothic architecture, the number of levels was reduced to three as the gallery was omitted. The triforium itself was reduced to a narrow passage way or abandoned all together in lieu of more stained glass; and in some cases, the interior was reduced to just two levels, arcade and clerestory, as can be seen in le Manse Cathedral.
12:52 Neo Gothic and Gothic Revival are not really the same thing. The Basilica of the National Vow in Ecuador is Neo Gothic, it is strongly influenced specifically by Bourges Cathedral (French Gothic). Gothic Revival was an English movement culminating in mid to late 19th century construction of new churches in England that drew mostly from various aspects of English Gothic architecture, hence the Gothic Rival style can also often exhibit a strong Victorian influence and is called, appropriately enough, Victorian Gothic. There was also a religious component to the Gothic Revival movement which sought to improve and retain an adherence to formal liturgical ritual which has come to be known as high church, or Anglo-Catholic church.
14:17 "A lot of times people tend to be drawn toward Gothic architecture because of the ornate detail, and that detail and design elements of Gothic architecture were meant to be seen as a testament to the glory and majesty of God." Yes, but make no mistake about it, it was as much to display the achievement and ingenuity of men as much as to bare witness to the glory of God. The quest for ever larger cathedrals with ever higher vaulting was due to the innate human urge to compete and dominate tempered by the fervor of religiosity.
Lari Kipe you must have worked so hard on this :(
thanks!
Gothik architecture is tartarian architecture... Research Tartaria, mud flood, old tech @ UAP, Martin liedke, wise up, Jon Levi. .. greets
Gothic has absolutely nothing to do with the Goths
The actual architecture, no, but the origin of the name, yes
The Milan cathedral is one of the worst example of gothic architecture.
gothic > romanesque
simple as