Mulberry Harbour Thames Estuary Essex Uk

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  • Опубліковано 28 вер 2024
  • The Mulberry harbours were two temporary portable harbours developed by the British Admiralty and War Office during the Second World War to facilitate the rapid offloading of cargo onto beaches during the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944. They were designed in 1942 then built in under a year in great secrecy; within hours of the Allies creating beachheads after D-Day, sections of the two prefabricated harbours were towed across the English Channel from southern England and placed in position off Omaha Beach (Mulberry "A") and Gold Beach (Mulberry "B"), along with old ships to be sunk as breakwaters.
    The Mulberry harbours solved the problem of needing deepwater jetties and a harbour to provide the invasion force with the necessary reinforcements and supplies, and were to be used until major French ports could be captured and brought back into use after repair of the inevitable sabotage by German defenders. Comprising floating but sinkable breakwaters, floating pontoons, piers and floating roadways, this innovative and technically difficult system was being used for the first time.
    The Mulberry B harbour at Gold Beach was used for ten months after D-Day, while over two million men, four million tons of supplies and half a million vehicles were landed before it was fully decommissioned. The partially completed Mulberry A harbour at Omaha Beach was damaged on 19 June by a violent storm that arrived from the northeast before the pontoons were securely anchored. After three days the storm finally abated and damage was found to be so severe that the harbour was abandoned and the Americans resorted to landing men and material over the open beaches.
    Pagham Harbour from East Beach, Selsey. The blue plaque commemorates the construction at Selsey of Mulberry harbour sections for D-Day.
    Littlestone-on-Sea, Kent Phoenix caisson
    Sections of Phoenix caissons are located at:
    Thorpe Bay, Southend-on-Sea - while being towed from Immingham to Southsea, the caisson began to leak and was intentionally beached on a sandbank in the Thames Estuary. It was designated as a scheduled monument in 2004. It is accessible at low tide.
    Pagham Harbour, West Sussex - 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south-east of Pagham a Phoenix Caisson, known as the 'Near Mulberry', that sank and could not be re-floated is still visible at low tide. Further off the coast in 10 m (33 ft) of water, is a second Phoenix Caisson, known as the 'Far Mulberry', that broke its back and sank in the storm the night before D-Day. Both sections were scheduled in 2019.
    Littlestone-on-Sea, Kent - caisson could not be refloated. The site was scheduled in 2013.
    Langstone Harbour, Hayling Island - faulty caisson left in-situ at place of construction.
    Littlehampton - caissons about five metres underwater and dived by novice divers.
    Portland Harbour, Portland, Dorset - two are located at the beach at Castletown. They were designated as a Grade II listed building in 1993.
    #dronehorizons #Mulberryharbour #essex #thames #southend #southendonsea

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