PBS Space Time, and Isaac Arthur, two of my favorite channels since late. Keep it coming, can't get enough (even if i sometimes don't understand half of it) Greetings from Belgium
I'd love to see a video on Quasars and insanely large super-massive black holes colliding. These sort of primordial galaxy-sized events have always fascinated me. Quasars really start to blur the line between a swarm of celestial bodies like a galaxy and a singular celestial body like a star, and are of such a massive scale. The "quasar cluster" that if I am correct still holds the position as the largest structure we've ever discovered in the universe would be an interesting subject as well. As well as how it deified basically all our assumptions of the limits of how big things could be.
I was really impressed with the video about quantum eraser, very fascinating. The fact that the particle "photon" new it was being detected to determine which slit it was going to pass through, that was amazing.
I do realise this is a really old video, but it was during this one (of the many hundred) that I've watched that truly made me realise just how small Earth truly is. Though I do actually have a question, I'd be very interested to hear your thoughts on it. (: In the events you describe around 9:10, where (I presume?) a star collapses into itself, resulting in a a supernova event... You go on to say that astronomers haven't yet found the expected "Neutrino Star" at that location. But this makes me wonder about the time-based distance measures we use, aptly called light years... It's safe to say that, there are forces out in the soup that our solar system is floating through, that have the ability to bend light.. This implies the ability to alter a light particle's direction, and by relation, it's speed. I'm pretty sure the guys behind our society's current scientific knowledge (generally speaking) would've come up with some explanation for that.. Would you perhaps consider talking about that for a bit?
Time-based distance, this is something I wonder about now thanks to you I have it in words. When these events happen, depending on how many light years away they're millions (or billions)of light years away, right? So how would they know what's happening in so-called "real time"? We have hundreds of satellites around the world, UV telescopes and still launching (James Webb?). It's neat because in ways this is like looking back in time, but how can we know about events happening now? Time-based distance, I like that.
Oh and the forces bending light and altering our view, spacetime, gravity, whatever,has been proven in footage of a solar eclipse. Einstein was totally right in his t of gr.
If a neutron star has a thin iron crust wouldn't the iron nuclei in that crust capture neutrons, transmute, then decay to possibly lighter elements that get fused back up to iron again? Could that be a vehicle for cooling a neutron star? Also, can you do an episode discussing nucleosynthesis?
+Gareth Dean Interesting! Do you know much more about neutron star formation? I have so many questions. Is the iron crust pure iron? Would the super nova event be energetic enough to seed the crust with other elements or would the collapsing outer layers be able to tunnel some other elements into the iron crust? +TheWise Meatball I totally forgot about that episode! Thanks!
Abe Dillon I know a bit about the mechanics yes. A lot of details are poorly known, even by experts since neutron stars are the result of fiendishly extreme conditions and involve forms of matter that we have trouble simulating even in supercomputers to the point that the LHC has actually given us insight into neutron stars as recently as this year. The crust is not pure iron. Iron predominates, along with nickel because it is part of the collapsing core that becomes the star. Lighter elements are surprisingly stable, even hydrogen but tend to have been blown away by the supernova or 'boiled off' the hot young pulsar. Heavier elements tend to likewise form in the neutron flux emitted by the core and little make their way back. The iron is also not the usual metal we know. Its nuclei are pushed as close together as possible, a sort of very dense plasma, and much of the iron's 'electron sea' in fact spreads out into the star. (The exclusion principle means that the electrons can be lower energy if they move about the whole volume of the star rather than packing tightly with the iron. The iron nuclei however are constrained by their size, they cannot move between neutrons. Interestingly free protons (Hydrogen) can do this also and fill the star at allow enough density to avoid fusing with electrons.) It's quite remarkable just how much iron is made by the star. Looking at universal abundances ( periodictable.com/Properties/A/UniverseAbundance.html ) you can see iron is sixth and most heavy elements are mere traces. Iron even outweighs its precursors like silicon, magnesium and even nitrogen.
"Dark energy is real" In the sense that physicists still do not understand what it is that is causing the universe to expand at an accelerative rate and have named this gap in their knowledge "dark energy", you are completely correct!
We are entering into the era of giant telescope like the James Webb , WFIRST etc on space and GMT, TMT, E-ELT on ground. Sincerely hope this help the scientists gather more details about these strange stars of course apart from the other mysteries lurking in the space.
"Degenerate matter. Probably not the same way your parents meant it." Did he just call me a degenerate? Didn't wake up this morning thinking I'd recieve a physics burn.
Help me out here - These infinite densities get really super hot right? But it takes molecular movement to have heat energy. If everything is stuck so close together that nothing can move, does it give up all its heat energy, thereby making it even stranger?
Is there any noteworthy or bizarre gluon activity occurring while all this strange quark business is happening in the formation of quark matter/strange stars?
if neutron starts with a smooth thin crust of iron shouldn't we expect them to appear reflective? (if it weren't for the massive amount of blackbody radiation?
just wandering, hypothetically, if there are 3 infinite things, and you were to randomly select from them, which one would be selected? each of them are infinitely larger than the others meaning there would constantly be infinitely more of a chance for one out of the three to be selected. In this scenario, would you just give up and assume that they are all equally infinite, thus making them all just as likely, or would you instead keep chasing the fact that each is infinitely more likely than the last?
For density, it surpasses it. For hardness and practicality as a construction material, not so much. I don't think Wolverine would get much done if his skeleton was literally heavier than the planet and was unable to exist as a solid.
I was thinking about this same thing and the first thought that came to mind was that his skeleton, and the flesh that surrounds it, would all collapse into a speck that might as well be a point-mass, in an instantaneous implosion. But then I don't know how much gravity an entire skeleton made of Neutronium would actually generate, so who knows.
1 cm^3 of Neutronium = 1 Billion tons. Earth weighs 6 sextillion tons. (6,000,000 Billion tons). Therefore, you would need 6,000,000 cm^3 of neutronium to equal the weight of the earth. I don't think Wolverine has that much in him. And don't forget about Captain America's shield!
Would be possible to study Black Holes, Neutron Stars or even Strange Stars using quantum entanglement? Even with only one particle, wouldn't be possible to measure it's properties by a safe distance? Does that apply to the event horizon and the singularity inside a Black Hole?
Hello, i saw your video on speed of causality, and in this video you mentioned that after the big bang before the quark epoch the fundamental physics was different, could it also mean that the speed of causality could be different in that time duration?
Can you please do a video on string theory and loop quantum gravity? I would like to know exactly what the 11 dimensions means in string theory. Are these 11 dimensions ways of traversing space or do they include traversing all of time as some other videos on string theory suggest? Also is there any evidence to support these theories, especially string theory? What is the probability that we really live in a multiverse? Is string theory more science than philosophy or more philosophy than science? Could other theories be developed to synthesize quantum and cosmic entities independent of these theories?
Hypothetically if you tried to pick up neutronium in a container made from atoms, say an iron cup, would the neutronium just ooze through the bottom since they are not repulsed by the electromagnetic force of the electrons and protons in the iron atoms?
To "pick up" neutronium is imposible in the first place.Just think about it and youll see you cant, even if u are using future science. Maybe youll can create somehow but for sure youll not be moving outside of some crazy field of imense energy. Just see how hard is to create antimater yet allone to containe it.
Neutronium it wont even get to do anything to all matter , because it wont get the chance , the first thing to interact with your iron atoms it will be those crazy fields or whateve the hell you will use to contain neutronium .
so... would it be possible that quark matter has a density such that its swarzchild radius is larger than the space it occupies? That is to say, could quark stars actually just be black holes?
if you replaced our sun with a neutron star of the same size (and removed gravity from the equation) would all our plant life die? I guess i'm asking if they emit more or less photons? or do they only emit neutrinos? if you added gravity back to the equation would it suck the planets all in?
As the strange star material is liquid and stable, would it be possible that some event could cause small parts say 1kg extremely small droplets to become separated from the strange star, (e.g.) another strange star that is travelling very fast past the other strange star stringing out material from both towards each other and some of that escaping being coalesced into either star, say by the string of strange matter between them being hit by a black hole poles plasma jet travelling almost light speed, taking some small drops away from being incorporated back into either of the strange stars, if we could capture one or more of those drops, apart from the scientific interest, would they have any practical uses?
is there any chance a young french woman student created strange matter in her basement and it is now contained by a company with no name because it could overtake the univers?... oh, you dont get the reference... I'll go back to nosleeping then...
Oh, the neutrons are moving. Those extreme densities don't prohibit movement. There's thermal motion (although this does't quite work the same way in degenerate matter), and probably all sorts of weird superfluid motion going on also, like microscopic vortices that stretch from the crust to the core.
He's approaching the end of his hosting life. Soon his core will run out of fuel and he'll suffer a total collapse. Fear not, his last video will be an energetic burst wherein he seeds the clouds of potential replacement hosts with heavy elements.
Well if you think of humanities technological state since the dawn of man 1000 years of advancement is pretty minor. Prolly even more so if we survive another 10000 years without collapsing.
@@xebek Nope, definitely not sarcasm. "a sharp and often satirical or ironic utterance designed to cut or give pain" www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sarcasm I'm sticking with understatement.
Special EDy Just find a way to break the lightspeed barrier. Then you should see everything else go backwards. All you need is a way to find a little more than infinite energy and a way to survive collapsing into a black hole, but those are minor obstacles. Orrrrr maybeee dark matter isn't just the opposite of matter but matter looping back on itself, you could perhaps find a way to do that. But for that you would have to end the existence of your physical body completely and hope that your consciousness will loop along just to see if that idea is real, which it probably isn't. For that there would have to be exactly the same amounts of matter and antimatter and antimatter should follow the exact path of matter but backwards in time. But maybe there are some possibilities similar to that idea that just don't require antimatter. Other ways of time travel are even more dangerous. As long as Hawking is alive anyway.
Setekh I think you could escape the event horizon. You just need to be in the right place as two massive black holes spiral into collision. Fall into the first black hole on suborbital path in the opposite direction the two black holes are spiraling each other. If you subsequently hit the Legrange point between the two black holes at precisely the right place and vector, you escape. If the black holes are massive enough, the tidal forces won't rip you apart. What happens in this corridor is beyond my imagination, you are theoretically inside of two event horizons, but the net gravitational pull is zero at some point. I don't know if that means spacetime will be undistorted at this point, or some other crazy effects. I think that this is the epicenter of the gravitational waves that we are trying to detect though.
As two black holes approach each other, the event horizons would become elongated along a line intersecting both singularities, but initially they wouldn't merge. As they got closer, they would begin to expand on the axis perpendicular to the line intersecting them, but I think there should be a point where they are bowl shaped. You could load Dr Hawking into a space ship and send him on a trajectory where he passes through this extending wall, which is trying to close around the bubble of the Legrange point in the center. Maybe someday I will have sufficient knowledge of the physics equations needed to test this, and the skills to plug it into a simulation.
It's when you hit 13:00 that you realise that this guy cannot be fazed by anything. Spacetime and 3Blue1Brown are my go-to sites for understanding anything in physics and maths. Where just about everybody else waters the material down or ducks a difficult argument here or there, these two just plough right through providing clear descriptions and explanations and not ducking anything. Hats off to both of them. Is there some kind of Feynman or Carl Sagan award for scientific communication they could be given?
I'm inspired. I'm gonna write a screenplay for a movie called "Strange Matter", starring Lorenzo Lamas and Richard Harrison. It'll have physics stuff in it, but also ninjas.
Tens of thousands of theoretical physisists and mathematicians have to keep coming up with stuff to justify their huge salaries and billions spent on their toys (LH C etc)
Will Lastnameguy "is missing out" and not just a little bit. It informs your world view in a big way and pushes silly ideas like a 6k old earth out the window :3
Like seriously its someone said to quarks that you cant get denser than that and they were like yea i can. Its like that kid who keeps inventing rules as the game goes along
Strange Charm They are converted directly into leptons in a core about the size of an apple. This releases a tremendous amount of energy. If I understand correctly, it is a type of tunneling from one vacuum state to another.
Strange Charm they poof away into energy. Think of what happens when a quark-abtiquark pair meets, or when a black hole decays due to Hawking radiation. At least that's what I THINK happens. Someone else will have to confirm
@@user-kx5es4kr4x If by that you mean "they have quarks in them" then... well... obviously... like everything else. My point is no star is made "entirely" of quarks.
You invoked the law of puppies and kittens. No matter how liked something is in UA-cam, there will always be someone that has to downvote. -2 for some reason.
People will read this comment and dislike the video just because. This channel has a pretty good community but anonymity always brings out the worst in people.
We already have a picture of a Strange Star and it's the one mentioned here. We've had it since 2003. And they don't look exactly the same as Neutron Stars - they're smaller. This one is 11km in diameter. The minimum for a Neutron Star is 17km.
I know what happened...I had been binge watching PBS space time a couple years ago and saw this video title, thought it would be about weird stars , unusual stars, the boring stuff like "this normal star orbits a black hole" or "this red giant has some heavy metals in it". Wasn't expecting an entirely different category of stars. So I liked it because it's a PBS ST video, even though I wasn't interested enough to watch it. Turned out to be a lot more interesting and exciting !
How can a neutron star rotate thousands of times per second? Would the outermost particles in the star move at a speed close to the speed of light? Or are neutron stars too small for that to be possible?
It's also worth noting the atoms are so densely packed and connected, it's "harder" then a diamond (By a loooot) that combined with the small size of the star is what lets it rotate at a significant fraction of the speed of light without flying apart. We've found some that spin at nearly half the speed of light. Sounds like a lot! But compared to the jet streams we've clocked spitting out of quasars at around 95% the speed of light, it's certainly not the fastest or craziest thing in the universe.
Also on heavier neutron stars, the gravity is so strong that light rays emitted at some angles can actually bend back into the star's surface, and light can have closed orbits around it.
The Strange Stars, you said that they are made of the most stable matter in the Universe and would hence never decay and stay forever. Being absolutely stable, doesn't it mean that it's Entropy is the Highest Possible? I have two questions, Q1. Can't we say that these stars are actually frozen in time, since the Entropy is highest, no more processes would happen? Q2. Would a Type-3 Civilization ever be able to reproduce the situations of a Strange Star? Can we do it now if we make some advances in Physics?
1. Not highest possible entropy if the universe is your system. Very high if your system is the strange star. What is interesting is that, at this state, things are happening (those quarks and gluons interacting), but its hard to detect change. So not necessarily frozen in time. 2. Probably. No, we can't create quark liquids at low temperatures (relatively low).
A strange star isn't the most stable matter in the universe. A black hole is. Throw enough matter into a strange star and eventually it'll turn into a black hole. They are the true objects in the universe in which time has frozen that isn't going at the speed of light. Q1 - They aren't frozen in time. A strange star may have a very, very high state of entropy; but, it's not at it's absolute highest, as state above. Q2 - A Type-3 Civilization could reproduce a strange star; but, why would they? After all, a strange star is degenerate matter in a compressed state. Other than scientific curiosity, I see no reason to pour resources into making one.
Sarah Hansen Well, Weapons & Defense Industries. Hyper-Dense Alloys could be developed which can be used as Shields for SpaceCrafts and non-Nuclear but extremely powerful Kinetic Impact weapons
PBS Space Time, and Isaac Arthur, two of my favorite channels since late. Keep it coming, can't get enough (even if i sometimes don't understand half of it) Greetings from Belgium
when astrophysicist call something strange... then you know that it is *REALLY* strange
Nah... physicists assume everything is spherical and in a vacuum. They would consider a cube to be strange... :-D
Strange is literally the name of the matter or should I call it subatomic particles.
strange is literally the name of the matter as far as i know.
@@DoctorOblivian wee woo wee woo it's the joke police!
@@philiphughes9899 If you find a big ol cube out there in space I'd call that pretty strange too...
I'd love to see a video on Quasars and insanely large super-massive black holes colliding. These sort of primordial galaxy-sized events have always fascinated me. Quasars really start to blur the line between a swarm of celestial bodies like a galaxy and a singular celestial body like a star, and are of such a massive scale. The "quasar cluster" that if I am correct still holds the position as the largest structure we've ever discovered in the universe would be an interesting subject as well. As well as how it deified basically all our assumptions of the limits of how big things could be.
Me loves this Time Space show. It makes I smarter.
me also feel big smart
Me fill small and stupid
well, it aren't called PBS Grammar time for something.
My intilligence levels are increase in my brane after player this video
Very science. Much smart. Wow.
I was really impressed with the video about quantum eraser, very fascinating. The fact that the particle "photon" new it was being detected to determine which slit it was going to pass through, that was amazing.
3:18 was so savage
The music during the last part is so sick!
The person/people who do PBS ST thumbnail graphivs are doing a bang up job. Nice gig if you can get it.
Neutron star: Damn it's cold round here!
Strange star: Yeah mate, whats the temperature?
Neutron star: Less than a million kelvin, its cold af
Strange star: You must put on some mass, mate. You'll feel warmer.
This is my favourite science and astronomy channel - good quality science well explained
3:12 felt that
Suggestion for a future show: Explain neutrino oscillations and why neutrinos having mass in the first place is a problem for the standard model.
I do realise this is a really old video, but it was during this one (of the many hundred) that I've watched that truly made me realise just how small Earth truly is. Though I do actually have a question, I'd be very interested to hear your thoughts on it. (:
In the events you describe around 9:10, where (I presume?) a star collapses into itself, resulting in a a supernova event... You go on to say that astronomers haven't yet found the expected "Neutrino Star" at that location. But this makes me wonder about the time-based distance measures we use, aptly called light years...
It's safe to say that, there are forces out in the soup that our solar system is floating through, that have the ability to bend light.. This implies the ability to alter a light particle's direction, and by relation, it's speed.
I'm pretty sure the guys behind our society's current scientific knowledge (generally speaking) would've come up with some explanation for that.. Would you perhaps consider talking about that for a bit?
Time-based distance, this is something I wonder about now thanks to you I have it in words. When these events happen, depending on how many light years away they're millions (or billions)of light years away, right? So how would they know what's happening in so-called "real time"? We have hundreds of satellites around the world, UV telescopes and still launching (James Webb?). It's neat because in ways this is like looking back in time, but how can we know about events happening now? Time-based distance, I like that.
Oh and the forces bending light and altering our view, spacetime, gravity, whatever,has been proven in footage of a solar eclipse. Einstein was totally right in his t of gr.
Can't wait for the black hole information paradox, Hawking radiation, string theory, the holographic principle and the other stuff.
If a neutron star has a thin iron crust wouldn't the iron nuclei in that crust capture neutrons, transmute, then decay to possibly lighter elements that get fused back up to iron again? Could that be a vehicle for cooling a neutron star?
Also, can you do an episode discussing nucleosynthesis?
Thermal neutron capture by iron nuclei doesn't occur, it requires a lot of energy, more then can be provided even by neutron star temperatures.
+Gareth Dean
Interesting! Do you know much more about neutron star formation? I have so many questions. Is the iron crust pure iron? Would the super nova event be energetic enough to seed the crust with other elements or would the collapsing outer layers be able to tunnel some other elements into the iron crust?
+TheWise Meatball
I totally forgot about that episode! Thanks!
Abe Dillon
I know a bit about the mechanics yes. A lot of details are poorly known, even by experts since neutron stars are the result of fiendishly extreme conditions and involve forms of matter that we have trouble simulating even in supercomputers to the point that the LHC has actually given us insight into neutron stars as recently as this year.
The crust is not pure iron. Iron predominates, along with nickel because it is part of the collapsing core that becomes the star. Lighter elements are surprisingly stable, even hydrogen but tend to have been blown away by the supernova or 'boiled off' the hot young pulsar. Heavier elements tend to likewise form in the neutron flux emitted by the core and little make their way back.
The iron is also not the usual metal we know. Its nuclei are pushed as close together as possible, a sort of very dense plasma, and much of the iron's 'electron sea' in fact spreads out into the star. (The exclusion principle means that the electrons can be lower energy if they move about the whole volume of the star rather than packing tightly with the iron. The iron nuclei however are constrained by their size, they cannot move between neutrons. Interestingly free protons (Hydrogen) can do this also and fill the star at allow enough density to avoid fusing with electrons.)
It's quite remarkable just how much iron is made by the star. Looking at universal abundances ( periodictable.com/Properties/A/UniverseAbundance.html ) you can see iron is sixth and most heavy elements are mere traces. Iron even outweighs its precursors like silicon, magnesium and even nitrogen.
Abe Dillon
"Dark energy is real"
In the sense that physicists still do not understand what it is that is causing the universe to expand at an accelerative rate and have named this gap in their knowledge "dark energy", you are completely correct!
QUAWKS! But seriously, very well made and interesting video. Thanks for the good work.
We are entering into the era of giant telescope like the James Webb , WFIRST etc on space and GMT, TMT, E-ELT on ground. Sincerely hope this help the scientists gather more details about these strange stars of course apart from the other mysteries lurking in the space.
Amazing Information. Thanks
This kind of discussion leaves my brain in a strange state.
I am now going to put my poor brain on ice now ! This has been very informative !
Next on our list of strange star concepts we must discuss are:
1. Iron stars
2. Preon stars
3. Plank stars
4. Dark energy stars
5. Gravastars
"Degenerate matter. Probably not the same way your parents meant it."
Did he just call me a degenerate? Didn't wake up this morning thinking I'd recieve a physics burn.
Come to Quarks, Quarks is fun. Come right now. Don't walk. Run!
AWESOME!
plot twist: doctor strange does not only control photon cristals, but also knowns how to use strange matter, hence his name.
this is probably my nerdiest comment, so far...
Strange stars.....Kevin Spacey,John Travolta and Tom Cruise to name three. 😂😂😂😉
Help me out here - These infinite densities get really super hot right? But it takes molecular movement to have heat energy. If everything is stuck so close together that nothing can move, does it give up all its heat energy, thereby making it even stranger?
Is there any noteworthy or bizarre gluon activity occurring while all this strange quark business is happening in the formation of quark matter/strange stars?
0:33 ................. with this I shall rule the universe.
This is a fantastic show, thank you for making me really want to learn
if neutron starts with a smooth thin crust of iron shouldn't we expect them to appear reflective? (if it weren't for the massive amount of blackbody radiation?
How is strange matter absolutely stable? 1. It needs to be in a ground state to be stable and 2. Strange quarks last for fractions of a second
Gotta keep those physicists fed!
just wandering, hypothetically, if there are 3 infinite things, and you were to randomly select from them, which one would be selected? each of them are infinitely larger than the others meaning there would constantly be infinitely more of a chance for one out of the three to be selected. In this scenario, would you just give up and assume that they are all equally infinite, thus making them all just as likely, or would you instead keep chasing the fact that each is infinitely more likely than the last?
Staz made entirely of quaks!
Wow!
But does does Neutronium compare to Adamantium? :)
For density, it surpasses it. For hardness and practicality as a construction material, not so much. I don't think Wolverine would get much done if his skeleton was literally heavier than the planet and was unable to exist as a solid.
I was thinking about this same thing and the first thought that came to mind was that his skeleton, and the flesh that surrounds it, would all collapse into a speck that might as well be a point-mass, in an instantaneous implosion. But then I don't know how much gravity an entire skeleton made of Neutronium would actually generate, so who knows.
The757packerfan
If wolverine's skeleton was made out of neutronium, the earth would wrap around him.
1 cm^3 of Neutronium = 1 Billion tons.
Earth weighs 6 sextillion tons. (6,000,000 Billion tons).
Therefore, you would need 6,000,000 cm^3 of neutronium to equal the weight of the earth.
I don't think Wolverine has that much in him.
And don't forget about Captain America's shield!
The757packerfan
Ok the other way around them. He sinks into the earth.
Btw I appreciate that you looked up the mass of the earth in response.
3:18-3:26 play at 0.5
Would be possible to study Black Holes, Neutron Stars or even Strange Stars using quantum entanglement? Even with only one particle, wouldn't be possible to measure it's properties by a safe distance? Does that apply to the event horizon and the singularity inside a Black Hole?
I feel like he was expecting animations while filming that were never edited in.
4:47 "quarky pock" xD
Hello, i saw your video on speed of causality, and in this video you mentioned that after the big bang before the quark epoch the fundamental physics was different, could it also mean that the speed of causality could be different in that time duration?
7:44 that's mewtoo
So if we invent an engine allowing us to reach lightspeed.
Couldnt we just make it twice as big and reach lightspeed^2 ?
Can you please do a video on string theory and loop quantum gravity? I would like to know exactly what the 11 dimensions means in string theory. Are these 11 dimensions ways of traversing space or do they include traversing all of time as some other videos on string theory suggest? Also is there any evidence to support these theories, especially string theory? What is the probability that we really live in a multiverse? Is string theory more science than philosophy or more philosophy than science? Could other theories be developed to synthesize quantum and cosmic entities independent of these theories?
How long would It take for 3C58 become a strange star If It does become one?
Hypothetically if you tried to pick up neutronium in a container made from atoms, say an iron cup, would the neutronium just ooze through the bottom since they are not repulsed by the electromagnetic force of the electrons and protons in the iron atoms?
To "pick up" neutronium is imposible in the first place.Just think about it and youll see you cant, even if u are using future science. Maybe youll can create somehow but for sure youll not be moving outside of some crazy field of imense energy. Just see how hard is to create antimater yet allone to containe it.
Neutronium it wont even get to do anything to all matter , because it wont get the chance , the first thing to interact with your iron atoms it will be those crazy fields or whateve the hell you will use to contain neutronium .
Do a video on the EMdrive next?
I heard about some promissing work on theory of everything based on thermodynamics. Would you add a review of proess on that to the topics wish list.
so... would it be possible that quark matter has a density such that its swarzchild radius is larger than the space it occupies? That is to say, could quark stars actually just be black holes?
No
By the way I hear this guy has an obsession with slamming that strange whenever possible.
@@mrfarts5176 I mean, can you blame him? it is the most perfect form of matter, even if it's a bit dense
Oh dumb, that’s a small and reliable word. Just like the motorcycle, it’s performs when called upon get;
if you replaced our sun with a neutron star of the same size (and removed gravity from the equation) would all our plant life die? I guess i'm asking if they emit more or less photons? or do they only emit neutrinos? if you added gravity back to the equation would it suck the planets all in?
Heh heh. "Strange" stars. I see what you did there.
PLEASE ANSWER,you do such a great job and I know you get paid for doing these videos because you should please answer
As the strange star material is liquid and stable, would it be possible that some event could cause small parts say 1kg extremely small droplets to become separated from the strange star, (e.g.) another strange star that is travelling very fast past the other strange star stringing out material from both towards each other and some of that escaping being coalesced into either star, say by the string of strange matter between them being hit by a black hole poles plasma jet travelling almost light speed, taking some small drops away from being incorporated back into either of the strange stars, if we could capture one or more of those drops, apart from the scientific interest, would they have any practical uses?
3:15 OOF
When a sun doesn't have any more fuel to burn it explodes and becomes a pulsar? Where is the energy to sustain t coming from?
is there any chance a young french woman student created strange matter in her basement and it is now contained by a company with no name because it could overtake the univers?... oh, you dont get the reference... I'll go back to nosleeping then...
Hey Matt what do you think of the Electric Universe Theory?
I hope one day I can make videos half as good as these - because this is exactly the kind of stuff that interests me
Your videos are brilliant!
Aww It’s great to see this comment and see what you do today :)
New sub to you
How would one pronounce the phrase-, “Anything is possible “
-In mathematician¿?¿
@Tibees Its been 4 years, go for it !! 🤗
"Degenerate matter... not like your parents would have used it."
Damn son, slammed
Sketch Armslong lmao
LMFAO!
I feel like I'm being personally attacked by this. 😐
Haha, you stole the comment right out of my head!
"Is it personal attack or something?"
I will donate money as soon as my poor ass can afford to.. I donated to my local NPR station this month already -_- YOU GUYS NEXT
Thanks for supporting public media!
On the streets:
_Will propose grand unified theory for food_
I assumed he meant on the streets rioting and looting
GUTs for Food
Go for it !!
"Monsters in the math," good title for a book.
My math teacher was a monster.
When the nerd goes through an emo phase
@@PaulaJBean +1
Would be a nice sequel to "Industrial algebra" by G. Egan
Check this out
ua-cam.com/video/BCIMKkOvRLc/v-deo.html
I’m glad theoretical physicist are off the streets 😂
LOL
It is terrible when they turn to theoretical crime!
Be careful what you wish for....
Yes! Imagine them roaming the darkness terrorising us with their equations.
“Monsters lurking in the math” makes me think of mathematical equations that summon demons.
SCP-1313 (Solve for Bear): *intensely breathes*
How can neutron star have millions of degrees temperature when all the neutrons inside are so close they are not moving at all?
i assume the pressure
Argentarii Homini 'Amen'
Argentarii Homini Mmm, the tears of the ignorant.
Because Nature.
Oh, the neutrons are moving. Those extreme densities don't prohibit movement. There's thermal motion (although this does't quite work the same way in degenerate matter), and probably all sorts of weird superfluid motion going on also, like microscopic vortices that stretch from the crust to the core.
He seems to be speaking a little slower and with a little less energy, at a pace that makes it easier to absorb what he says.
wcsxwcsx I agree, I retained the information from this video a lot better than previous ones
wcsxwcsx I still like when he gets super passionate about it, though. It helps me stay engaged. Same speed, but put your heart into it m8!
He's approaching the end of his hosting life. Soon his core will run out of fuel and he'll suffer a total collapse. Fear not, his last video will be an energetic burst wherein he seeds the clouds of potential replacement hosts with heavy elements.
Gareth Dean, comments like yours is the reason why I keep reading the comment section on youtube
I actually thought he was picking up a bit of the Vsauce style. A speaking style I find easy to digest.
7:41 "Nearly 1000 years later--after some *small* technological advancements..."
That's called understatement, right?
Well if you think of humanities technological state since the dawn of man 1000 years of advancement is pretty minor. Prolly even more so if we survive another 10000 years without collapsing.
"Sarcasm" is the word you're looking for. Pronounced:(Sahr-kaz-um)
@@xebek Nope, definitely not sarcasm.
"a sharp and often satirical or ironic utterance designed to cut or give pain"
www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sarcasm
I'm sticking with understatement.
@Le Tigidou The last 100 years brought more advancements than the previous 2000 years , which brought already more than the last 200 000, you meant
Donate on patreon to keep spacetime moving forward? What if I want to see spacetime move backwards? Is that physically possible?
You'll have to steal from them.
Special EDy Just find a way to break the lightspeed barrier. Then you should see everything else go backwards. All you need is a way to find a little more than infinite energy and a way to survive collapsing into a black hole, but those are minor obstacles.
Orrrrr maybeee dark matter isn't just the opposite of matter but matter looping back on itself, you could perhaps find a way to do that. But for that you would have to end the existence of your physical body completely and hope that your consciousness will loop along just to see if that idea is real, which it probably isn't. For that there would have to be exactly the same amounts of matter and antimatter and antimatter should follow the exact path of matter but backwards in time. But maybe there are some possibilities similar to that idea that just don't require antimatter.
Other ways of time travel are even more dangerous. As long as Hawking is alive anyway.
Hawking the Anti-Time Travel guy...is *Time Travelling* from past to future at about 1 second per second.. xD
Setekh I think you could escape the event horizon. You just need to be in the right place as two massive black holes spiral into collision. Fall into the first black hole on suborbital path in the opposite direction the two black holes are spiraling each other. If you subsequently hit the Legrange point between the two black holes at precisely the right place and vector, you escape. If the black holes are massive enough, the tidal forces won't rip you apart. What happens in this corridor is beyond my imagination, you are theoretically inside of two event horizons, but the net gravitational pull is zero at some point. I don't know if that means spacetime will be undistorted at this point, or some other crazy effects. I think that this is the epicenter of the gravitational waves that we are trying to detect though.
As two black holes approach each other, the event horizons would become elongated along a line intersecting both singularities, but initially they wouldn't merge. As they got closer, they would begin to expand on the axis perpendicular to the line intersecting them, but I think there should be a point where they are bowl shaped. You could load Dr Hawking into a space ship and send him on a trajectory where he passes through this extending wall, which is trying to close around the bubble of the Legrange point in the center.
Maybe someday I will have sufficient knowledge of the physics equations needed to test this, and the skills to plug it into a simulation.
A star made of Strange Quarks is strange. Can a star be made of Charm Quarks? That would be charming.
yes, but a Top star would top them both :-D
KohuGaly Isn't "Top Star" the name of one of those reality/talent contest TV shows?
Master Therion I have no idea. Pretty much the only thing I watch on TV these days is Simpsons...
I'd find a star made of Down Quarks to be pretty depressing.
Master Therion I'd be down to see a video about Down Quark Stars
I CLICKED AS SOON I SAW A NEW VID :O
Veronika Alcoba There's nothing like a pretty woman who likes to get mentally stimulated by science. 😍😍😍
there's nothing like creepy dudes on the internet and every other walk of life.
Thomas Ingram There's nothing like creepy dudes that mention personal attributes over the internet. 😂
Johnny, please keep your sexual opinions to yourself. NO ONE cares.
aspuzling And you take the time to mention this because you care? 😆
It's when you hit 13:00 that you realise that this guy cannot be fazed by anything. Spacetime and 3Blue1Brown are my go-to sites for understanding anything in physics and maths. Where just about everybody else waters the material down or ducks a difficult argument here or there, these two just plough right through providing clear descriptions and explanations and not ducking anything. Hats off to both of them. Is there some kind of Feynman or Carl Sagan award for scientific communication they could be given?
I'll check out the other channel - 3 blue 1 brown, yeah? Where's the name come from?
he has heterochromia, he has one eye that's about 3/4ths blue and 1/4ths brown
@@nicooooooooooooooooooo wow. Nice one, did not know that
I'm inspired. I'm gonna write a screenplay for a movie called "Strange Matter", starring Lorenzo Lamas and Richard Harrison. It'll have physics stuff in it, but also ninjas.
And now I'm picturing a physicist wearing a leather vest and a red-and-white "Ninja" headband.
Science ninjas!
QBasicTNN and don't forget a technocratic empire enforcing a finger slit salute
The Rogue Wolf Don’t forget to include blackjack and hookers!
QBasicTNN "strange magic" by ELO better be the soundtrack
Damn clickbait titles, I was expecting to see stories about nutty Hollywood celebrities.
you should be top comment.
It's not click bait though.
Nate Daniel: you dodge a bullet on that one, it flew just over your head.
You should check out guywithaboxforaface. Some say it's Shia. No way of knowing but still some strange stuff.
CyberFenix000 Is is a bird? Is it a plane? No, it's a joke flying waaaay over your head!
Got to keep those crazy theoretical physicists off the mean streets somehow...
Saw one trying to sell a Tesla coil at a pawn shop the other day. Hard times mate 🐨
Tens of thousands of theoretical physisists and mathematicians have to keep coming up with stuff to justify their huge salaries and billions spent on their toys (LH C etc)
I was going to have sex but then I saw this new video of Space Time! No regrets!
Head Boner! lol
A head boner is the best type of boner.
why choose only one?
I went trough the same thing, I'dont have any regrets either
If your sex partner is a keeper then you can both watch Space Time *while* having sex.
But what is the strangest star, AKA Nicolas Cage, made of?
I believe he's made of Fever Shaman, whatever that is.
He's made of bags full of sharks. Or something.
50% bees, 58% overacting, 3% incorrect math.
Well, he's not made of quacks. That might explain it.
pissing myself '3% incorrect math' hahahaha
i want that on a t-shirt
"Its strange"
"Perhaps. who am I to judge."
I got that reference!
Also, did you get that reference? Hahaha.
@@Locke19901 Doctor......... Doctor Strange
The word Quark Epoch has been replaced by 'Quack' Epoch in subtitles in 6:36.
If someone has pulled off such a prank, hats off.
There is a lot of quackery among mathemeticians who have ruined science
@@fivish How? Please elaborate.
@@tiffanyohara7713 Okay thanks for clearing that up for me
My apologies!
-Donald Duck
Well, I feel all special now :D Thanks for answering my question!
"I like to say 'quark'! Quark, quark, quark, quark!"
--Thomas Hobbes, 1637
Scowlie Meerkat 1993 C & H
"Instead of making an idiot of yourself, why don't you go find me some scientists?"
John Calvin, -1562
Their not strange only special.
Uncle Traveling Matt isn't reality itself special~?
Uncle Traveling Matt
well they are called strange because they contain strange quarks, so blame the people that came up with that name instead
Think with me here,
If there is a Doctor Strange, is there a Doctor Up, Doctor Top, Doctor Bottom, Doctor Charm and a Doctor Down too?
AVicious Hunter Yes, but they only 'matter' when they combine.
Dave Covert We doin´ smart people puns now
My mom would be (not)so proud
*Please, forever and ever and ever!!!*
BUT THE HEAT DEATH MAN
Pink Freud - TOLL Acct: Don't tell me Patreon is Koch Bros owned too?
So much in these videos goes over my head... why can't I stop watching them?
Josh Nolan I've never related to a comment more than this one
Curiosity, which is a fine quality. Ignorance can be cured through study, but lack of curiosity is a permanent affliction.
Arioch IV Well said. Anyone who isn't a little interested in this stuff is missing out.
Will Lastnameguy "is missing out" and not just a little bit. It informs your world view in a big way and pushes silly ideas like a 6k old earth out the window :3
Can I have your comment on a plaque to hang up over my desk? lol incredibly well stated.
As a physicist who works in this area I have to commend the producers of this video. It is very well done.
It's PBS
Osmium: "Im the densest natural material on earth"
NeutronStar: "Hold my beer!"
Quarks: "Step aside kiddo!"
Like seriously its someone said to quarks that you cant get denser than that and they were like yea i can. Its like that kid who keeps inventing rules as the game goes along
He did the meme 2 years before it was funny he's a time traveller
Next you're gonna tell me there is something more dense than a black hole.
@@GuyFromJupiter Your mom
Maybe the missing mass is composed entirely of apostrophes...!
What happens when quarks burn? Could somebody elaborate on that?
Strange Charm That is not a sensible question. It's like asking the electronegativity of a house.
Strange Charm They are converted directly into leptons in a core about the size of an apple. This releases a tremendous amount of energy. If I understand correctly, it is a type of tunneling from one vacuum state to another.
Strange Charm they poof away into energy. Think of what happens when a quark-abtiquark pair meets, or when a black hole decays due to Hawking radiation. At least that's what I THINK happens. Someone else will have to confirm
Quintino, I understand that. I'm sure it's a simplification but I think it's a quote from the video.
Musky Quarks converting into leptons sounds like insanity. Did you mean bosons?
"Stars made entirely of quarks"
Well technically...
Not really. The mass of electrons, neutrinos, etc. in the sun would be not inconsiderable. A tiny fraction of course but not negligible.
@@CommissionerSleer he means all stars are made of quarks
@@user-kx5es4kr4x If by that you mean "they have quarks in them" then... well... obviously... like everything else. My point is no star is made "entirely" of quarks.
@@CommissionerSleer yea, just 99.9% XD
I think we can safely say:
"May contain trace amounts of leptons and bosons"
@@CommissionerSleer and you KNOW this how ?
Come on guys we're at 1349 views and there aren't any dislikes, keep it up!
You invoked the law of puppies and kittens. No matter how liked something is in UA-cam, there will always be someone that has to downvote. -2 for some reason.
They'd be strange people.
I'll see myself out..
You jinxed it.
People will read this comment and dislike the video just because. This channel has a pretty good community but anonymity always brings out the worst in people.
Not that dislikes have any kind of effect. They're a placebo.
Year 3000: First picture of strange star 💚
I believe it will be sooner if it is real. Who knows
@Mayank Nigam yup, I'm here after Kurzgesagt video
@@kutaykockar I hope so 😌
Nah....we already have those.
We already have a picture of a Strange Star and it's the one mentioned here. We've had it since 2003.
And they don't look exactly the same as Neutron Stars - they're smaller.
This one is 11km in diameter. The minimum for a Neutron Star is 17km.
Black hole information paradox? Holographic principle? That's Leonard Susskind stuff! Yes, please!
Yes please!
@@daveanderson718 Make Physics Great Again!
"Stay strong comrades." LOL I'm starting to love you even more.
Y O J I M B O 用心棒 I believe this is related to No Nut November. I’m pretty sure he’s not dog whistling the murderous ideology of Marxism lol.
Ok wtf ? I liked this video from 2 years ago then acted totally surprised by kurzgesagt's latest video ???
Lol why is this me
I know what happened...I had been binge watching PBS space time a couple years ago and saw this video title, thought it would be about weird stars , unusual stars, the boring stuff like "this normal star orbits a black hole" or "this red giant has some heavy metals in it". Wasn't expecting an entirely different category of stars. So I liked it because it's a PBS ST video, even though I wasn't interested enough to watch it. Turned out to be a lot more interesting and exciting !
wait so why don''t the stars turn into black holes but the particles can "overlap" with each other?
How can a neutron star rotate thousands of times per second? Would the outermost particles in the star move at a speed close to the speed of light? Or are neutron stars too small for that to be possible?
Jason Holtkamp neutronstars have about a diameter of 10-20 km, so it "only" spins 10-20% of the speed of light
Ahhh ok that makes sense I didn't realize how tiny they are
It's also worth noting the atoms are so densely packed and connected, it's "harder" then a diamond (By a loooot) that combined with the small size of the star is what lets it rotate at a significant fraction of the speed of light without flying apart. We've found some that spin at nearly half the speed of light. Sounds like a lot! But compared to the jet streams we've clocked spitting out of quasars at around 95% the speed of light, it's certainly not the fastest or craziest thing in the universe.
+Simon Thor
They actually also cheat by dragging the local space time with them slightly, allowing for higher apparent speeds.
Also on heavier neutron stars, the gravity is so strong that light rays emitted at some angles can actually bend back into the star's surface, and light can have closed orbits around it.
No one remembers your name, when you're strange.
The Strange Stars, you said that they are made of the most stable matter in the Universe and would hence never decay and stay forever.
Being absolutely stable, doesn't it mean that it's Entropy is the Highest Possible?
I have two questions,
Q1. Can't we say that these stars are actually frozen in time, since the Entropy is highest, no more processes would happen?
Q2. Would a Type-3 Civilization ever be able to reproduce the situations of a Strange Star? Can we do it now if we make some advances in Physics?
1. Not highest possible entropy if the universe is your system. Very high if your system is the strange star. What is interesting is that, at this state, things are happening (those quarks and gluons interacting), but its hard to detect change. So not necessarily frozen in time.
2. Probably. No, we can't create quark liquids at low temperatures (relatively low).
A strange star isn't the most stable matter in the universe. A black hole is. Throw enough matter into a strange star and eventually it'll turn into a black hole. They are the true objects in the universe in which time has frozen that isn't going at the speed of light.
Q1 - They aren't frozen in time. A strange star may have a very, very high state of entropy; but, it's not at it's absolute highest, as state above.
Q2 - A Type-3 Civilization could reproduce a strange star; but, why would they? After all, a strange star is degenerate matter in a compressed state. Other than scientific curiosity, I see no reason to pour resources into making one.
Paul Ngo thx for the explanation
Sarah Hansen Well, Weapons & Defense Industries. Hyper-Dense Alloys could be developed which can be used as Shields for SpaceCrafts and non-Nuclear but extremely powerful Kinetic Impact weapons
dutchrjen Did you just explain a New type of Nuclear weapon?
"i don't mean that in the same way, your parents use the word." Did i just get a sick burn from Matt and his strong flawless eyebrows?