"It's simple isn't it?" I love the way your lessons are made. I'm a 25 years old Argentinean English teacher student and I'm just two finals away from getting my diploma. I struggled a lot with English grammar because I haven't had a good teaching but I'm truly grateful of finding your content! Wish me luck! C':
@2nd sentence: In case of the adverbial "at Oxford" (11:15) I would rather say that this belongs to the complement "a student" as "Oxford" most likely refers to the Oxford University. If you move the adverbial, the meaning of the sentence changes or at least becomes unclear "At Oxford now a girl is a student" versus "Now a girl is a student at Oxford". If you exclude the subject complement "a student" on the other side, the sentence still is grammatical as the (then) adverbial becomes obligatory as "to be" is a copular verb. I would therefore argue that "at Oxford" is an adverbial when the subject complement is left out, otherwise it is part of the subject complement.
If that is a case, You just put , before a student to let reader know that at Oxford modifying the whole sentence acting as adverbial.Are we on the same page?
On the VLC, we have an online class "Linguistic Repetition for students of English". For just 10,- € you not just get the videos but a whole class where multimedial virtual sessions, interactive worksheets, precise literature references and a variaey of tasks with model solutions guide you through the field. Our Marburg students have prepared for their exams like this for several years.
Thank u so much sir your efforts are highly appreciated !! Could you please write down what does mean by a subject and object complement because l am still confusing about it !! Thank u in advance 😊
Hi, dear I want to enquire about something. The sentence: He kept smiling. In which category we can place the word "smiling" I mean (subject/predicator/object/complement) Since the verb keep in this situation is an intransitive verb. Another examples: I like solving problems. I like to solve problems. Here "solving problems/to solve problems" act like objects. So what's the difference between these sentences. I need more details about this. Thanks in advance
*Prepositions* are just words, like "in", "of", "under" etc. that describe some relationship of an object to something else. They are the _head_ of *prepositional phrases* (PP), such as "in the room" or "under the table", in which there's an obligatory part after the preposition, usually a noun phrase (such as "the room" and "the table" in the examples above). *Adverbial* is the entire part of the sentence that gives some more information about where and how the action is taking place. Those things can be specified in many different ways, including single adverbs, longer adverbial phrases (hence the name), or prepositional phrases.
@@bonbonpony Adverbials (in German: adverbiale Bestimmungen) refer to time, frequency, manner, place, purpose or degree and serve a function in the syntax. Prepositions however are independent of a roof concept and serve mainly syntax whereas adverbials lean towards semantics. Even though adverbials have - in terms of word order - a 'usual' position, emphasis is the most common reason for fronting an adverbial.
It's interesting that you neglect mentioning obliques. As most descriptive grammar researchers (e.g., Kroeger) consider all of those prepositional phrases as obliques (in this case locative--as they often are in English). And it might seem clearer to the interested linguaphile to state that 'made' is a causative and causatives are rather different than normal transitive, ditransitive or semi transitive verbs. They deserve a whole lecture.
Nice and useful vid but I'm not entirely convinced by "in the garden", "in bed" and "at Oxford" being put in the same adverbial/adjunct bag as "last year" or "very carefully". You notice there is a difference by moving or deleting them: "Last year, he was made chairman" = ok. But "In bed, John will stay" is not ok unless you're Yoda. Same with the garden sentence. Besides, you can delete "last year" and "very carefully" but "in bed" and "in the garden" are essential in the sentence, and so is "at Oxford" (semantically). So I think these 3 prep phrases should be seen as locational complements.
To me in the real world,we should add another 2 elements,which are adjectival and determiner to come before noun or noun phrase even though they are part of noun phrase already.
"It's simple isn't it?" I love the way your lessons are made. I'm a 25 years old Argentinean English teacher student and I'm just two finals away from getting my diploma. I struggled a lot with English grammar because I haven't had a good teaching but I'm truly grateful of finding your content! Wish me luck! C':
Then the free VLC course 'The Structure of English " should be an Option for you: oer-vlc.de
Thank you dear professor for your efforts ❤️
Thank you. This makes learning English easier.
Very glad for your recommendations and sacrifices 💯👍❤👏💪🙏
@2nd sentence: In case of the adverbial "at Oxford" (11:15) I would rather say that this belongs to the complement "a student" as "Oxford" most likely refers to the Oxford University. If you move the adverbial, the meaning of the sentence changes or at least becomes unclear "At Oxford now a girl is a student" versus "Now a girl is a student at Oxford". If you exclude the subject complement "a student" on the other side, the sentence still is grammatical as the (then) adverbial becomes obligatory as "to be" is a copular verb.
I would therefore argue that "at Oxford" is an adverbial when the subject complement is left out, otherwise it is part of the subject complement.
True. And it is even more striking with "in bed" or "in the garden".
If that is a case, You just put , before a student to let reader know that at Oxford modifying the whole sentence acting as adverbial.Are we on the same page?
Thank you sir I have a final test and this helped a lot!😭💕
Vielen vielen Dank! Ich studiere Englisch und bereite mich mit diesem Material auf die Prüfung vor. Sehr hilfreich!
On the VLC, we have an online class "Linguistic Repetition for students of English". For just 10,- € you not just get the videos but a whole class where multimedial virtual sessions, interactive worksheets, precise literature references and a variaey of tasks with model solutions guide you through the field. Our Marburg students have prepared for their exams like this for several years.
Thank u so much sir your efforts are highly appreciated !!
Could you please write down what does mean by a subject and object complement because l am still confusing about it !!
Thank u in advance 😊
Very nice video. .. thanks a lot sir
Hi, dear
I want to enquire about something.
The sentence: He kept smiling.
In which category we can place the word "smiling" I mean (subject/predicator/object/complement) Since the verb keep in this situation is an intransitive verb.
Another examples:
I like solving problems.
I like to solve problems.
Here "solving problems/to solve problems" act like objects.
So what's the difference between these sentences.
I need more details about this.
Thanks in advance
I don't understand the difference between preposition and adverbial. Why is "In bed" and "in the garden" adverbials and not preps?
would i say "adverbial in prepositional phrase" for these?
*Prepositions* are just words, like "in", "of", "under" etc. that describe some relationship of an object to something else.
They are the _head_ of *prepositional phrases* (PP), such as "in the room" or "under the table", in which there's an obligatory part after the preposition, usually a noun phrase (such as "the room" and "the table" in the examples above).
*Adverbial* is the entire part of the sentence that gives some more information about where and how the action is taking place. Those things can be specified in many different ways, including single adverbs, longer adverbial phrases (hence the name), or prepositional phrases.
@@bonbonpony Adverbials (in German: adverbiale Bestimmungen) refer to time, frequency, manner, place, purpose or degree and serve a function in the syntax. Prepositions however are independent of a roof concept and serve mainly syntax whereas adverbials lean towards semantics. Even though adverbials have - in terms of word order - a 'usual' position, emphasis is the most common reason for fronting an adverbial.
no to czas popozdrawiać. PUZZZZZZonki sieloł
It's interesting that you neglect mentioning obliques. As most descriptive grammar researchers (e.g., Kroeger) consider all of those prepositional phrases as obliques (in this case locative--as they often are in English). And it might seem clearer to the interested linguaphile to state that 'made' is a causative and causatives are rather different than normal transitive, ditransitive or semi transitive verbs. They deserve a whole lecture.
This vid is part of VLC's linguistics 101. It's meant to be for the beginners.
So what exactly is your point? I learned what I stated in a beginning course. There are far harder grammatical systems and languages to analyze.
It's so difficult to talk to people who get all defensive.
Nice and useful vid but I'm not entirely convinced by "in the garden", "in bed" and "at Oxford" being put in the same adverbial/adjunct bag as "last year" or "very carefully". You notice there is a difference by moving or deleting them: "Last year, he was made chairman" = ok. But "In bed, John will stay" is not ok unless you're Yoda. Same with the garden sentence. Besides, you can delete "last year" and "very carefully" but "in bed" and "in the garden" are essential in the sentence, and so is "at Oxford" (semantically). So I think these 3 prep phrases should be seen as locational complements.
Thanks sir
I need discussion about "Syntactic linkage
To me in the real world,we should add another 2 elements,which are adjectival and determiner to come before noun or noun phrase even though they are part of noun phrase already.
Thank you Professor.