I had 6 blueberry plants that produced very little fruit in the last two years. I put Azalea food on them 4 months ago and this spring they have exploded with fruit.
I am growing blueberries in a raised bed which I filled with peat moss and compost, along with elemental Sulphur. One caution I would give your viewers, however, is to do a pH test on the water they use to water the blueberries. One can fairly quickly "deacidify" the soil by watering with alkaline water. And, whatever you do, do NOT use soft water. The sodium will kill most plants.
@Divinestyler22 I use an EZ-FLO fertigator that I fill with distilled white vinegar (approximately pH of 4.0). The fertigator is set to mix 2 tablespoons of vinegar to each gallon of water, reducing the water pH from about 7.5 to about 5.5. Obviously, these readings are approximate. I collect a little water from the dripline and use litmus paper to test and ensure I'm in range and to tell me when I need to refill the fertigator. If i have any doubts, sometimes I will collect more water and check it with a pH meter that will give me readings accurate to 1/100th pH. My 3/4 gallon fertigator lasts about a month, watering 3 times a week. Update August 2023: I am now using powdered citric acid in my fertigator. (The fertigator automatically mixes the powder with the water). After doing some testing, I found I could get the same lower pH on the water using only one Tablespoon per gallon of water. So... citric acid is more acidic than vinegar but seems less caustic. The blueberries love ut!
@@tbluemel Wow, that's a great idea! I had never considered the water deacidifying all the hard work of lowering the pH either. My soil reads at about 7 on a meter, which is too high for what I'm growing (azaleas, gardenia and hydrangea) I planted with peat moss and holly tone, I was going to just add epsoma soil acidifier or some type of sulfur once or twice a year and was hoping that would be enough. I hadn't considered the water though. I'm going to test my hose water and see. If it's very alkaline I'll definitely be trying your method. Thank you so much!
My pond pump went out last week and it is DRY here and fruit is trying to mature. Had to water from well and in 2 waters the new leaves already have mild chlorosis. It's crazy.
I've got over 100 blueberry plants. All in pots. It's worth mentioning that when you choose 2 varieties to make sure they are both early, middle or late varieties or you won't get cross pollination. As they produce flowers at different times. 2-6 weeks apart. Great video, good luck. 👍🙏
I appreciate that you stressed that you should wait to plant in the pots until the Ph went down. Most UA-camrs would toss a handful at the bottom of a planting hole, and put the blueberry in right away!
Hi Mr. Scott, I live in São Paulo-Brazil and I have blueberries planted in pots in the backyard, Powderblue, Misty, Climax and Emeralds. I prepare the substrate with carbonized rice husk, ascicula, pine bark and cones, dry leaves, sawdust, sand and only 10% soil, all collected free of charge from the street plot. I mix everything, soak it a lot with water and iron sulfate, and compost slurry, cover it with a black plastic tarp and leave it to decompose and ferment for 4 months and then the final substrate will be ready and acidic to plant blueberries, thanks for the video!!!
I am not a soil scientist, but good soil and cow manure with blood meal and bone meal gets a party started… chicken poop and worm poop here and there keeps the plant babies happy. God has a green thumb and I love watching the miraculous things that happen in my garden beds😎🙏💕
This is awesome! New gardener here and I purchased two blueberry plants from HD. Almost everyone says to prepare your soul six months in advance. So am I supposed to keep my new blueberry plants in their original containers for six months and hope they don’t get root bound? I’m in north Tx. Thanks. 🌻
@@char8a291 Go ahead and put them in the ground. Preparing the bed ahead of time is probably a best practice, but I planted mine straight from Lowes three years ago without preparing the soil ahead of time. They are beautiful plants now.
Hi Gardener Scott. Here in Scotland 🏴 we are a 'Land' of Peat. YET its killing our Environment "Digging & Bagging this Up" for Gardens ! So I prefer to grow Blueberries in Pots and Collect Fresh Green Pine Needles & Pine Cones and adding these to my Containers. Also anywhere with a Wood Shop should have loads of unwanted 'Pine Shavings' or Sawdust. Take this 'waste' and Garden yourself some Beautiful Blueberries. . . My Bees will love those Flowers and me the Fruit ! 😎
@@Jack-gt4os 15 gallon squat is OK if you're on a tight budget. Most 20 gallon pots are close to ideal minimum dimensions of 20" diameter x 18" deep. If you have the money, the extra mass of 25 gallon pots make everything a little better.
Your expositions in your videos are always crystal clear. I like all your videos because they are very easy to understand because you don't talk so fast.
I live in Canada, and I love your channel. I grew up in Nova Scotia, and picked the native blueberries for my mother to use. A very different berry. Low growing. Now, decades later, I live in Southern Ontario. I am an old lady,living on two acres, with a few protected raised beds. I plan on growing what we call high bush blue berries. I was going to buy two ‘trees’ from a local commercial grower and plant some in a bed that is twelve by fifteen feet, amending the soil (sandy loam..not so acidic yet with soaked sphagnum peat moss to add. I will instead prepare one of my raised beds.. which is on an area which slopes, with peat moss and my compost. The ground here is notorious for being a weather challenge. The soil can have a freeze depth variance which is huge..from a foot in a mild winter,to five feet in a deep freeze. Climate change doth have its challenges. After watching your video, I plan on removing one foot of my bed soil in one three foot by eight foot bed, and replace it with a mixture of sphagnum peat moss (wetted with equal amounts of water because my soil is sandy loam, and on a hill, near its top, compost,(mine..household product, grass, leaf mix and remnant herbs and some small wood), and top some tree mulch from my own chipped trees. It is currently the second week of September here. I will be doing this next week. I will take the Ph levels after that. Hopefully I can transplant them in the spring. The vendor commended a fall planting, but the raised beds are not ready. The bed area I had prepared is still not right, but I can move my rhubarb there.
In spring of 2022, i made a big batch of Mels Mix. home made compost 33%, sphagnum 33% and perlite 33%. I didn't test it immediately but it grew beans, peas, radish and lettuce just fine. A few weeks ago (June 2023) i did a test of that raised bed. pH came back at 6.8.
Our soil Ph is 7.2, and I amended w/ Peat Moss and a lot of Sulphur to start a Blueberry Patch a few years ago. I still lost about half the Blueberries and this year switched the Blueberries to pots in the Chicken Yard and planted Elderberries in the Blueberry Patch. Vermiculite is no longer available here, but they have big bags of Perlite at Home Depot. I've been using it in most of my raised beds too w/ good results.
Perlite is actually the better option for improving drainage as vermiculite actually retains water. Perlite is essentially a lightweight small aggregate. A bit like adding coarse sand to the soil, just lighter and without any potential clay contamination.
Organic pot soil from home depot (here in san diego) is at 5.0, ill see if it stays acidic long enough for the blubes until the acidifier to starts getting broken down
Nice video, I have that exact soil acidifier didn't realize initially that it took 6 months ish before it works the ph level down good talk about the microbes did a soil test back in the day and thought the soil tester was faulty wasn't showing anything significantly different for pH levels. Now I realize it's the microbes and giving them enough time to drop the ph doesn't happen overnight. 👍
Hey perfect! My good friend is bringing me two potted blueberries this weekend! Now I’ll have all the info I need to grow big beautiful blueberries! Thanks Gardener Scott! You are the best!
This was perfect timing. I'm not big on blueberries but Amanda loves them. I picked up 5 dormant plants to go with the raspberries and strawberries that are already in. My soil ph is 7.2 and I need to adjust my soil down and will p h down with organic azalea food. I grow other plants and always add dormant microbes to my soil free mix. I also dust roots before transplanting to help promote nutrient up take. I ferment this for at least a month to allow organics to breakdown. My acting medium is ready. My bare root berries are growing leaves . Today I'm planting in 5 gal pots and will plant in the garden in 5 weeks when frost danger is over. I'm going to look for 4 or 5 more plants of a different hybrid to add to the garden. Good stuff here. I'm going to watch this again right now. Keeping it organic here. 💪🇺🇸👍🖐
Well im starting year 3, with 20 bushes in the ground..My native soil is not great, clay with about 8ph..I dug about 3ft diameter, by 2.5 ft deep, and removed the soil..I then filled the bottom of the hole with pine bark nuggets about 1/3 for drainage..Then the rest of the hole i filled with Canadian Spag moss, Black cow 1/2 bag per hole, "Black Velvet Peat "dirt, a little more pine nuggets mixed in,and a a little of the native soil..About 1.5 red solo plastic cup per hole of Espoma organic soil acidifier , and About 1 plastic cup of Espoma Holy tone..At the end of the summer i added another round of Organic Soil acidifier at the same rate, then last month in Feb i added another round (same rate of Organic Acidifier..Ive also used Liquid Iron plus soil acidifier, and lots of pine mulch around each one, and getting ready to put down another 30 pounds total of Holy tone for the Spring..Clearly i should have watched your video first, and just put them in pots..Ive spent much more on each hole, then the 3 ft tall bushes i bought..I figure in just a short 100 years ill break even on this investment..😂....Good news is the Ph is down in the 5.5 range, and the plants are really growing nice..Once i got in to this situation i just had to keep going...Like that old Randy Travis song "The Hole"..lol...Excellent video you have here, and as i get more bushes im doing it your way..Thanks for the video
I prefer perlite over vermiculite. Vermiculite has tendency to absorb moisture, thus make the soil more soggy. I have a clay soil (Illinois), and perlite works better to help drainage. Great video ! Thanks for sharing !
I like to make acidic soil by going to some old pine trees, brushing aside the needles that are recent and digging up the older rotted needles. They are very acidic and are a great soil additive.
I've been growing blueberries for years and have been using pine needles for mulch since I put them in over 20 years ago. I get a great crop every year and my plants are very healthy.
@@estherfan4021 Nothing really special about using them. I just put them all around the base of the plant . I start a few inches from the stems and spread them out to just passed the drip line. Make them 3 or 4 inches deep.
3:30 What you don't understand is that it is not so much the intial pH of coffee grounds that matter, but the acids that are generated during fermentation and oxidation of coffee grounds that lower the pH. I got blueberry bushes growing in almost pure composted coffee grounds. It should be composted to get rid of residual caffeine (detrimental to many plants) in coffee grounds and because it can generate huge amounts of heat during fermentation/composting and this will burn the plants. The main disadavantage of pure coffee grounds is that the soil generated from them is dense and has a tendency to become anaerobic, which is something blueberries do not like at all. So you should add a non-alkaline material that allows access of air to the roots.
Nice video , very well articulated and good information . I would recommend using a larger pot though if you are trying to get a decent harvest and large berries . Lastly , keeping mind that when planting blueberry in pots its a constant battle to keep the pH in the right zone so in my case for my potted blueberries I periodically add sulfur and water with ammonium sulfate solution. As the plants get bigger and start to produce fruit calcium will need to be added to help with fruit production . I find that blueberries are quite a labor intensive plant to " properly " care for but is also fun and rewarding . All the best with your blueberries plants , thank you for sharing .
@@kenshinhimura9387 I do have a pH meter which I use almost twice each month . I also do have the " pH down liquid in a bottle " but have not used the pH down on my blue berry plants . I need some time to better understand what is inside the pH down and how it will affect my plants . Keep in mind that the Ammonium Sulfate solution does reduce the pH and adds nitrogen at the same time .
@@powersonic6255 PH down is just an acid. It's 100% safe to use. You use it on food crops all the time. You would mix your nutrient solution in water, check the PH with your meter and let's say for Blueberries you want your PH to be at 5.5 or something. You just add a drop at a time depending on how much water you're using. I normally make a 5 gallon bucket when I want to hand water some plants. So a drop at a time or a few drops at a time of the PH down then stir that crap up and check with your PH meter. When it starts getting close to the number you want you need to be careful not to overdose with PH down.
Thanks Scott! I bought blueberries this year to plant, and didn't really think about the soil acidity. I will check mine before I plant them in a month or so.
This was informative! My yard soil here in the next state up is the same as yours. I've been growing fruit and veggies in raised beds. I've got lick tubs that I've grown carrots and various things in and they do well. I just bought 3 raspberry plants that I'm going to put in them since they won't grow in my yard. I gave up on blueberries but I'm reconsidering after seeing this video, it makes sense because you can control the ph levels this way.
5:00 Dr. David C. Johnson, NMSU, says a living root must be in the soil. The roots feed the bacteria sugars, and the bacteria feed the roots various nutrients. It will speed things along to have the blueberry planted.
Thanks 🙏 I thought I new what I needed but I planted the blueberries 🫐 before waiting and yup they died. . They both have one green stock left . So I will try again .
My berries are doing well. When we have leftover coffee, I dilute it a bit and supplement the drip system water with it. Vinegar? I use it to kill weeds. Caution trying to acidify with it. I mulch with cocoa fiber, but much of it has been rafted in salt water, so I soak it in vinegar then dry it before I use it - seems fine, plants are happy.
in thailand where temperature is between 35ć-42ć ,we can also grow blueberry with good yield i always acidify soil by adding ammonium sulfate fertilizer 21-0-0 and adding fish meal liquid during watering
Kudos for your hardwork in blueberry farming and the good yield. I will be glad to learn from your experience as I 'm preparing to go into Blueberry farming in Ghana with similar temperature 35°C as Thailand.
I wanted to plant blueberries this year in pots and there was your video. A happy coincidence because I know nothing about growing blueberries. Tyvm for the video!
I put in 3 blueberries back in '16 and they have actually shrunk since planting. I live on limestone bedrock so my native soil trends towards basic, and the deer and rabbits aren't helping either. Next spring I'm going to build a raised bed and move the 3 bushes up out of the native soil and into something I can manage more closely so this video is well timed for me. In the meantime I have my eyes on Honeyberries (also called Haskap) as they are basically a highbush blueberry that grows well without the soil constraint; however I already got the stop order on new plants for the year so they will have to wait.
Great video! I chip pine branches and take soil from around the pines to add to my substrate to lower the pH, or make acidic. My father used to collect up pine needles and dress the soil around the berry bushes. This is all just to use the trimmings from the pines each year. I love your methods too!
Wow, i sell blueberry plants in Northern Ohio. This is not only the best, but the only video that is 100% correct. The Universal Extension videos are also a good source of correct information. I also sell Haskap.
I'm not getting anything close to information on blueberries when searching for "Universal Extension." Could you be more specific and/or provide a link?
Camilla and Azalea soils are acidic soils. Places like Lowes and Home Depot usually carry it. Acidic soil will also keep your hydrangeas blue. Without the acidic soil, you will lose the blue color in hydrangeas.
I could of used this 2 years ago lol. My black berries are doing great. My blue berries have had no growth and the leaves always look unhealthy. Tried adding acidifier but didn't help. Now im going to dig them up when they are dormant and transfer to pots.
Cute dog, please involve and introduce him/her. Great vid, I wondered why my blueberries seem to struggle. Won't those elements etc leach out of the pots? There is SO MUCH to learn, we need lifetimes for it all!
Very clear and concise. I bought some rooted blueberry cuttings from Home depot and planted them immediately. They all appear to be dead, just twigs sticking out of pots. I think k I killed them 😢
I have recently discovered you, and I can't tell you how much your remind me of the Roger Swain from Victory Garden on PBS. I would watch him every time he came on, and I was in my early teens! I thoroughly miss that show (wasn't the same after they had to change hosts), and am so very happy to have found your channel! ❤🥦🍏🍎
Congratulations John for being a master gardner for 30 years. Will get in touch with you as I'm interested in Blueberry farming. This is Thomas from Ghana
Learn something new every time. I wish your video had come up when I was mixing up my blueberry pots. They're doing ok, but maybe they would be better.
I just use a mix of 50% pine bark and 50% (sphagnum) peat moss for blueberries and yearly add rhododendron fertilizer. Sometimes I add compost and sand to the mixture, but the two ingredient mix works equally fine in containers and in the ground. On the ground I just mound a bed of the mixture on top of the native soil.
@@VashtheStampede007 A good alternative is just use your compost with added bracken (fern). Never hurts to add grit or some other inorganic material to the mixture for good aeration. Bracken can be added as an acidifying topdressing yearly, with or without composting it.
Hi Gardner Scott, thanks for the info on blueberry soil conditioning. I will keep working with my blueberry beds to keep lowering the ph still. Keep up the good work.
Your timing is perfect. I just moved my lone surviving blueberry from the yard to a pot. Although my soil around here is perfect for blueberries there's too little topsoil (less than 6") before the clay underneath stops all drainage and roots. You confirmed everything I did was correct and it's already sprouted back up. Lucky for me I don't have to wait 6 months for the soil to acidify.
We purchased blueberry bushes at a fundraiser for our local extension service. I've been curious about what we should do with the soil. Thank you for the information!
They do sell soil with the perfect ph already dr earth makes a great one! Since you already have the plants you probably don’t have time to make your own. I’m in the same boat lol
@@montyjones111 No. Bought a test kit, but it didn't work very well. There's a rhododendron nearby, and I wonder if it doesn't help. We got a second blueberry bush last year and put it beside the first, and it's been struggling. As far as I know, old plants can sort of get used to a more neutral PH. Could be a variety as well. Tossed some sulfur in there last fall, and will do a bit more soon. I also have some lime juice I need to get rid of. I'll dilute it and add it over time. We will see how things go this year. Don't think I could get any more off the big bush, though. I think I got 11 pounds off last year.
@@Valchrist1313 Good Luck. We are still trying to get them to grow in our yard. Until then we'll continue to hike up the mountains and harvest gallons of tundra blueberries up here in Alaska.
So much work. I have blueberries in the ground and in raised beds. The ones in beds are in azalea mix with coco coir and wood chip mulch. Ones in ground have mulch, pine needles, coffee and wood chip mulch. Growing and producing well. Never done a soil test.
Straight peat moss works without any fuss. I have been growing them for about 8 years now. Just use azalea fertilizer and not much else. Other fertilizers may burn roots. I have not had to add any acidifiers to my blueberry plants and I get good crops every year.
@@GardenerScott I was looking for that question. Thanks for keeping us posted about pH progress. I plan to root blueberries from cuttings tomorrow, and it looks like I'd better get started preparing the soil immediately. Thanks for the mix idea. All I need is the sulfur and pots.
two parts fine pine bark mulch to one part sphagnum moss will provide an acceptable Ph level for blueberries. if you want to get to ideal level add one pound of sulfur to a ten foot square will drop the Ph by one half point of Ph. in my area due to the amount of calcium in the soil sulfur has to added yearly.
Thanks for the video. I would mention that the soil acidified you use is not pure sulfur but a mix with gypsum. It was recommended to go a farm store and buy much cheaper agricultural sulfur which is pure. Especially with what agricultural extensions use when they recommended soil amendments. Thanks again.
Hello Gardner Scott. Why did you choose vermiculite over perlite in your mix? I usually use perlite because it's cheaper and more readily available where I am.
I don’t need to have a soil test done because my blueberry bush is right next to a hydrangea Bush and the color of the hydrangea flowers change due to how alkaline or acidic the soil is. Pink means alkaline and purple is neutral and blue is acidic. My hydrangea flowers were pink…
Thank you for your very clear presentation. One aspect which confuses me is that you use a "Soil Acidifier" product which (according to the label) consists mostly of gypsum (Calcium Sulfate). Only 18% of this product is elemental sulfur -- the form which will eventually lower the pH. The sulfate in gypsum has little effect on soil pH. Therefore, if half a pound of elemental sulfur is required for your mix to lower the pH, wouldn't this require a lot more of this brand of soil acidifier?
Greetings, Scott. Former Co Springs dude here. Great show. Kind of off-topic question now. Can you give be some very basic info on the small greenhouse you have? Mine was recently destroyed in a storm and this time I think I'll spend the extra money on something stronger. Thanks so much!
Excellent video - I wrote everything down & will have to order a couple of ingredients I do not yet have. Will put this mix in the garden & will not plant until Autumn - this will give the soil 7 months to reach the pH we need here (SW Arizona zone 9b - the heavy clay soil - will mix a tiny bit in but most will be dumped elsewhere). Thank you so much - our Blueberries will love you for this mixture. Judi
Looks like a good plan, hope it went well for you. I wondered about this property if it was the same as video I had seen a number of years ago...so now I know.
I used manure and raised bed soil. My blueberries are doing good without soil amendments. I’m not sure if it has anything to do with me living in New England. I don’t have them planted in the native soil though.
I live in an area with acidic soil but grow my blueberry shrubs in pots so they don't get injured by family members doing yard work who don't understand that weed eaters and lawnmower bumps aren't good for the plants. I get good crops from all. The raspberry and blackberry plants are also in large pots but that's to help prevent them from overtaking the yard.
Thank you so much. I have been wanting to grow blueberries and didn't know exactly how to do it. I know they don't grow in my soil without some kind of help.
Do not rely on your Spagnum peat moss to be acidic because it was pretty much neutral when I tested it alone with the soil test meter. I used 1/3 each of potting soil, Spagnum peat moss and pine bark plus a few tablespoons of that same soil acidifier and tested it and that mutha was neutral. Smh. I blamed my meter for malfunctioning or not working. I planted the blueberry and they all die. This year I both 2 blueberries plant and I tested the soil with the same meter and to my surprise, the needle moved downwards toward acidic. This year I'll be using a cup of that soil acidifier per 5 gallon container to see the outcome. Thanks for you video
I’ve been wanting to get some blueberries and have been holding off because I knew they needed acidic soil. I’m getting some now because I know what to do now! Thank you! Love the doggo!♥️
![Lp. Сердце Вселенной #60 РОЖДЕНИЕ ЛОЛОЛОШКИ [Финал] • Майнкрафт](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/YoR0pAV9FVQ/mqdefault.jpg)
I had 6 blueberry plants that produced very little fruit in the last two years. I put Azalea food on them 4 months ago and this spring they have exploded with fruit.
I am growing blueberries in a raised bed which I filled with peat moss and compost, along with elemental Sulphur. One caution I would give your viewers, however, is to do a pH test on the water they use to water the blueberries. One can fairly quickly "deacidify" the soil by watering with alkaline water. And, whatever you do, do NOT use soft water. The sodium will kill most plants.
This is a very good point. Do you just use a fishtank ph test kit?
@Divinestyler22 I use an EZ-FLO fertigator that I fill with distilled white vinegar (approximately pH of 4.0). The fertigator is set to mix 2 tablespoons of vinegar to each gallon of water, reducing the water pH from about 7.5 to about 5.5. Obviously, these readings are approximate. I collect a little water from the dripline and use litmus paper to test and ensure I'm in range and to tell me when I need to refill the fertigator. If i have any doubts, sometimes I will collect more water and check it with a pH meter that will give me readings accurate to 1/100th pH. My 3/4 gallon fertigator lasts about a month, watering 3 times a week.
Update August 2023: I am now using powdered citric acid in my fertigator. (The fertigator automatically mixes the powder with the water). After doing some testing, I found I could get the same lower pH on the water using only one Tablespoon per gallon of water. So... citric acid is more acidic than vinegar but seems less caustic. The blueberries love ut!
@@tbluemel Wow, that's a great idea! I had never considered the water deacidifying all the hard work of lowering the pH either. My soil reads at about 7 on a meter, which is too high for what I'm growing (azaleas, gardenia and hydrangea) I planted with peat moss and holly tone, I was going to just add epsoma soil acidifier or some type of sulfur once or twice a year and was hoping that would be enough. I hadn't considered the water though. I'm going to test my hose water and see. If it's very alkaline I'll definitely be trying your method. Thank you so much!
Yes I have killed 2 blueberries this way because my water is more alkaline. So now I keep my plants in pots.
My pond pump went out last week and it is DRY here and fruit is trying to mature. Had to water from well and in 2 waters the new leaves already have mild chlorosis. It's crazy.
I've got over 100 blueberry plants. All in pots.
It's worth mentioning that when you choose 2 varieties to make sure they are both early, middle or late varieties or you won't get cross pollination. As they produce flowers at different times. 2-6 weeks apart.
Great video, good luck. 👍🙏
Good suggestion. Knowing the flowering time is important.
What is an adequate sized pot for a good amount of fruit?
Do you live in a climate with freezing temps in Winter? If so, what do you do with the potted plants when it's freezing outside?
After making the prescribed soil, you have to keep the pots watered for “a few months,” before planting the blueberries?
You need to check if they're self pollinating as most are, it is said though, that they crop more if cross pollinated.
I appreciate that you stressed that you should wait to plant in the pots until the Ph went down. Most UA-camrs would toss a handful at the bottom of a planting hole, and put the blueberry in right away!
Hi Mr. Scott, I live in São Paulo-Brazil and I have blueberries planted in pots in the backyard, Powderblue, Misty, Climax and Emeralds. I prepare the substrate with carbonized rice husk, ascicula, pine bark and cones, dry leaves, sawdust, sand and only 10% soil, all collected free of charge from the street plot. I mix everything, soak it a lot with water and iron sulfate, and compost slurry, cover it with a black plastic tarp and leave it to decompose and ferment for 4 months and then the final substrate will be ready and acidic to plant blueberries, thanks for the video!!!
I am not a soil scientist, but good soil and cow manure with blood meal and bone meal gets a party started… chicken poop and worm poop here and there keeps the plant babies happy. God has a green thumb and I love watching the miraculous things that happen in my garden beds😎🙏💕
This is awesome! New gardener here and I purchased two blueberry plants from HD. Almost everyone says to prepare your soul six months in advance. So am I supposed to keep my new blueberry plants in their original containers for six months and hope they don’t get root bound? I’m in north Tx. Thanks. 🌻
@@char8a291no your plant will stunt its growth…that’s what mine did ☹️
@@char8a291 Go ahead and put them in the ground. Preparing the bed ahead of time is probably a best practice, but I planted mine straight from Lowes three years ago without preparing the soil ahead of time. They are beautiful plants now.
Gardener Scott is the Bob Ross of gardening.
Fine pine chips and sand hint is what the commercial growers use. There is an ideal ph 5.8.
Hi Gardener Scott.
Here in Scotland 🏴 we are a 'Land' of Peat. YET its killing our Environment "Digging & Bagging this Up" for Gardens !
So I prefer to grow Blueberries in Pots and Collect Fresh Green Pine Needles & Pine Cones and adding these to my Containers.
Also anywhere with a Wood Shop should have loads of unwanted 'Pine Shavings' or Sawdust. Take this 'waste' and Garden yourself some Beautiful Blueberries. . .
My Bees will love those Flowers and me the Fruit ! 😎
New here… what size pots are you using.
@@Jack-gt4os 15 gallon squat is OK if you're on a tight budget. Most 20 gallon pots are close to ideal minimum dimensions of 20" diameter x 18" deep. If you have the money, the extra mass of 25 gallon pots make everything a little better.
Your expositions in your videos are always crystal clear. I like all your videos because they are very easy to understand because you don't talk so fast.
I live in Canada, and I love your channel. I grew up in Nova Scotia, and picked the native blueberries for my mother to use. A very different berry. Low growing. Now, decades later, I live in Southern Ontario. I am an old lady,living on two acres, with a few protected raised beds. I plan on growing what we call high bush blue berries. I was going to buy two ‘trees’ from a local commercial grower and plant some in a bed that is twelve by fifteen feet, amending the soil (sandy loam..not so acidic yet with soaked sphagnum peat moss to add. I will instead prepare one of my raised beds.. which is on an area which slopes, with peat moss and my compost. The ground here is notorious for being a weather challenge. The soil can have a freeze depth variance which is huge..from a foot in a mild winter,to five feet in a deep freeze. Climate change doth have its challenges. After watching your video, I plan on removing one foot of my bed soil in one three foot by eight foot bed, and replace it with a mixture of sphagnum peat moss (wetted with equal amounts of water because my soil is sandy loam, and on a hill, near its top, compost,(mine..household product, grass, leaf mix and remnant herbs and some small wood), and top some tree mulch from my own chipped trees. It is currently the second week of September here. I will be doing this next week. I will take the Ph levels after that. Hopefully I can transplant them in the spring. The vendor commended a fall planting, but the raised beds are not ready. The bed area I had prepared is still not right, but I can move my rhubarb there.
In spring of 2022, i made a big batch of Mels Mix. home made compost 33%, sphagnum 33% and perlite 33%. I didn't test it immediately but it grew beans, peas, radish and lettuce just fine. A few weeks ago (June 2023) i did a test of that raised bed. pH came back at 6.8.
Our soil Ph is 7.2, and I amended w/ Peat Moss and a lot of Sulphur to start a Blueberry Patch a few years ago. I still lost about half the Blueberries and this year switched the Blueberries to pots in the Chicken Yard and planted Elderberries in the Blueberry Patch. Vermiculite is no longer available here, but they have big bags of Perlite at Home Depot. I've been using it in most of my raised beds too w/ good results.
What does the perlite do to help?
@@caritasdecaro8019 Better drainage and fluffier soil in containers/raised beds, similar to vermiculite I believe.
Perlite is actually the better option for improving drainage as vermiculite actually retains water. Perlite is essentially a lightweight small aggregate. A bit like adding coarse sand to the soil, just lighter and without any potential clay contamination.
i had 40 large blueberry bushes the pine trees around them must of really helped
Totally organized. Thanks for your dedication to your viewers. Definitely a fan.
Organic pot soil from home depot (here in san diego) is at 5.0, ill see if it stays acidic long enough for the blubes until the acidifier to starts getting broken down
Interesting.👍
Nice video, I have that exact soil acidifier didn't realize initially that it took 6 months ish before it works the ph level down good talk about the microbes did a soil test back in the day and thought the soil tester was faulty wasn't showing anything significantly different for pH levels. Now I realize it's the microbes and giving them enough time to drop the ph doesn't happen overnight. 👍
Hey perfect! My good friend is bringing me two potted blueberries this weekend! Now I’ll have all the info I need to grow big beautiful blueberries! Thanks Gardener Scott! You are the best!
This was perfect timing.
I'm not big on blueberries but Amanda loves them. I picked up 5 dormant plants to go with the raspberries and strawberries that are already in. My soil ph is 7.2 and I need to adjust my soil down and will p h down with organic azalea food.
I grow other plants and always add dormant microbes to my soil free mix. I also dust roots before transplanting to help promote nutrient up take. I ferment this for at least a month to allow organics to breakdown.
My acting medium is ready.
My bare root berries are growing leaves .
Today I'm planting in 5 gal pots and will plant in the garden in 5 weeks when frost danger is over.
I'm going to look for 4 or 5 more plants of a different hybrid to add to the garden.
Good stuff here. I'm going to watch this again right now.
Keeping it organic here.
💪🇺🇸👍🖐
Thank You for showing how to make acid soil for potted blueberries.
Well im starting year 3, with 20 bushes in the ground..My native soil is not great, clay with about 8ph..I dug about 3ft diameter, by 2.5 ft deep, and removed the soil..I then filled the bottom of the hole with pine bark nuggets about 1/3 for drainage..Then the rest of the hole i filled with Canadian Spag moss, Black cow 1/2 bag per hole, "Black Velvet Peat "dirt, a little more pine nuggets mixed in,and a a little of the native soil..About 1.5 red solo plastic cup per hole of Espoma organic soil acidifier , and About 1 plastic cup of Espoma Holy tone..At the end of the summer i added another round of Organic Soil acidifier at the same rate, then last month in Feb i added another round (same rate of Organic Acidifier..Ive also used Liquid Iron plus soil acidifier, and lots of pine mulch around each one, and getting ready to put down another 30 pounds total of Holy tone for the Spring..Clearly i should have watched your video first, and just put them in pots..Ive spent much more on each hole, then the 3 ft tall bushes i bought..I figure in just a short 100 years ill break even on this investment..😂....Good news is the Ph is down in the 5.5 range, and the plants are really growing nice..Once i got in to this situation i just had to keep going...Like that old Randy Travis song "The Hole"..lol...Excellent video you have here, and as i get more bushes im doing it your way..Thanks for the video
I prefer perlite over vermiculite.
Vermiculite has tendency to absorb moisture, thus make the soil more soggy.
I have a clay soil (Illinois), and perlite works better to help drainage.
Great video ! Thanks for sharing !
I like to make acidic soil by going to some old pine trees, brushing aside the needles that are recent and digging up the older rotted needles. They are very acidic and are a great soil additive.
I've been growing blueberries for years and have been using pine needles for mulch since I put them in over 20 years ago. I get a great crop every year and my plants are very healthy.
@@trcorbin any advice to use the pine needle compost, I just got a full 5 gallon bucket of the composted pine needle and soil. thank you.
@@estherfan4021 Nothing really special about using them. I just put them all around the base of the plant . I start a few inches from the stems and spread them out to just passed the drip line. Make them 3 or 4 inches deep.
@@trcorbin thanks, so you use them as mulch, but not mixing them into the soil. Am I correct ? thank you again.
@@estherfan4021 Yes, I use them as mulch. They continually break down and add compost and nutrients to the soil.
3:30 What you don't understand is that it is not so much the intial pH of coffee grounds that matter, but the acids that are generated during fermentation and oxidation of coffee grounds that lower the pH. I got blueberry bushes growing in almost pure composted coffee grounds. It should be composted to get rid of residual caffeine (detrimental to many plants) in coffee grounds and because it can generate huge amounts of heat during fermentation/composting and this will burn the plants. The main disadavantage of pure coffee grounds is that the soil generated from them is dense and has a tendency to become anaerobic, which is something blueberries do not like at all. So you should add a non-alkaline material that allows access of air to the roots.
The best ingredients for blueberry soil that I've ever learned!
Nice video , very well articulated and good information . I would recommend using a larger pot though if you are trying to get a decent harvest and large berries . Lastly , keeping mind that when planting blueberry in pots its a constant battle to keep the pH in the right zone so in my case for my potted blueberries I periodically add sulfur and water with ammonium sulfate solution. As the plants get bigger and start to produce fruit calcium will need to be added to help with fruit production . I find that blueberries are quite a labor intensive plant to " properly " care for but is also fun and rewarding . All the best with your blueberries plants , thank you for sharing .
If you ph the nutrient water you won't have problems. Do you have a ph meter and ph down?
@@kenshinhimura9387 I do have a pH meter which I use almost twice each month . I also do have the " pH down liquid in a bottle " but have not used the pH down on my blue berry plants . I need some time to better understand what is inside the pH down and how it will affect my plants . Keep in mind that the Ammonium Sulfate solution does reduce the pH and adds nitrogen at the same time .
@@powersonic6255 PH down is just an acid. It's 100% safe to use. You use it on food crops all the time. You would mix your nutrient solution in water, check the PH with your meter and let's say for Blueberries you want your PH to be at 5.5 or something. You just add a drop at a time depending on how much water you're using. I normally make a 5 gallon bucket when I want to hand water some plants. So a drop at a time or a few drops at a time of the PH down then stir that crap up and check with your PH meter. When it starts getting close to the number you want you need to be careful not to overdose with PH down.
@@kenshinhimura9387 Yup. PH down is just phosphoric acid.
I have been looking for this information. Gardener Scott, you are the man!! Thank you!
Thanks Scott! I bought blueberries this year to plant, and didn't really think about the soil acidity. I will check mine before I plant them in a month or so.
Scott, you are the best instructor I’ve ever had !! Thank you very much.
This was informative! My yard soil here in the next state up is the same as yours. I've been growing fruit and veggies in raised beds. I've got lick tubs that I've grown carrots and various things in and they do well. I just bought 3 raspberry plants that I'm going to put in them since they won't grow in my yard. I gave up on blueberries but I'm reconsidering after seeing this video, it makes sense because you can control the ph levels this way.
5:00 Dr. David C. Johnson, NMSU, says a living root must be in the soil. The roots feed the bacteria sugars, and the bacteria feed the roots various nutrients. It will speed things along to have the blueberry planted.
Highly of my interest I've have 2 half barrels saved for this project. Remember you said get the soil before the bushes.
Thanks for your teaching Sir
Thanks 🙏 I thought I new what I needed but I planted the blueberries 🫐 before waiting and yup they died. . They both have one green stock left . So I will try again .
My berries are doing well. When we have leftover coffee, I dilute it a bit and supplement the drip system water with it. Vinegar? I use it to kill weeds. Caution trying to acidify with it. I mulch with cocoa fiber, but much of it has been rafted in salt water, so I soak it in vinegar then dry it before I use it - seems fine, plants are happy.
in thailand where temperature is between 35ć-42ć ,we can also grow blueberry with good yield i always acidify soil by adding ammonium sulfate fertilizer 21-0-0 and adding fish meal liquid during watering
Kudos for your hardwork in blueberry farming and the good yield. I will be glad to learn from your experience as I 'm preparing to go into Blueberry farming in Ghana with similar temperature 35°C as Thailand.
I wanted to plant blueberries this year in pots and there was your video. A happy coincidence because I know nothing about growing blueberries. Tyvm for the video!
I put in 3 blueberries back in '16 and they have actually shrunk since planting. I live on limestone bedrock so my native soil trends towards basic, and the deer and rabbits aren't helping either. Next spring I'm going to build a raised bed and move the 3 bushes up out of the native soil and into something I can manage more closely so this video is well timed for me. In the meantime I have my eyes on Honeyberries (also called Haskap) as they are basically a highbush blueberry that grows well without the soil constraint; however I already got the stop order on new plants for the year so they will have to wait.
This is Not the year for a "stop" order my friend. Override.
Great video! I chip pine branches and take soil from around the pines to add to my substrate to lower the pH, or make acidic. My father used to collect up pine needles and dress the soil around the berry bushes. This is all just to use the trimmings from the pines each year. I love your methods too!
At one point I placed a couple blueberry bushes between the pines and failed horribly
Wow, i sell blueberry plants in Northern Ohio. This is not only the best, but the only video that is 100% correct. The Universal Extension videos are also a good source of correct information. I also sell Haskap.
I'm not getting anything close to information on blueberries when searching for "Universal Extension." Could you be more specific and/or provide a link?
@racebiketuner oops, University. Look at u of Oregon, u of Maine, and Michigan state university.
Amazing tips! I just got three blueberry bushes and have been looking for a recipe for acidic soil. Will totally use this - thanks a bunch!
amazing...my boysenberries and tayberries all have yellow emerging leaves...definitely need some sulphur should have done it sooner!
Camilla and Azalea soils are acidic soils. Places like Lowes and Home Depot usually carry it. Acidic soil will also keep your hydrangeas blue. Without the acidic soil, you will lose the blue color in hydrangeas.
I bought and used it, transplanted blueberries, and then tested the soil +.+ Resulted at 7.0 pH!!! I feel bamboozled
Thanks so much . I have two blueberries plants that will benefit greatly from this mixture. Thanks again.
I could of used this 2 years ago lol. My black berries are doing great. My blue berries have had no growth and the leaves always look unhealthy. Tried adding acidifier but didn't help. Now im going to dig them up when they are dormant and transfer to pots.
Cute dog, please involve and introduce him/her. Great vid, I wondered why my blueberries seem to struggle. Won't those elements etc leach out of the pots? There is SO MUCH to learn, we need lifetimes for it all!
I talk about Mala in some of my other videos. Re-application of the sulfur is usually needed.
Very clear and concise. I bought some rooted blueberry cuttings from Home depot and planted them immediately. They all appear to be dead, just twigs sticking out of pots. I think k I killed them 😢
I have recently discovered you, and I can't tell you how much your remind me of the Roger Swain from Victory Garden on PBS. I would watch him every time he came on, and I was in my early teens! I thoroughly miss that show (wasn't the same after they had to change hosts), and am so very happy to have found your channel! ❤🥦🍏🍎
Thank you. That was the first gardening show I remember watching.
He does!!!!!
I have been a master gardener for 30 years
Congratulations John for being a master gardner for 30 years. Will get in touch with you as I'm interested in Blueberry farming.
This is Thomas from Ghana
Thank you so much! This video was so helpful!
I live in eastern Utah and this video helped me adjust my soil for my blueberries.
I'm in UT as well, may I ask how do yoj protect the containers during the winter?
Learn something new every time. I wish your video had come up when I was mixing up my blueberry pots. They're doing ok, but maybe they would be better.
I just use a mix of 50% pine bark and 50% (sphagnum) peat moss for blueberries and yearly add rhododendron fertilizer. Sometimes I add compost and sand to the mixture, but the two ingredient mix works equally fine in containers and in the ground. On the ground I just mound a bed of the mixture on top of the native soil.
I can’t find pine bark around here...
@@VashtheStampede007 A good alternative is just use your compost with added bracken (fern). Never hurts to add grit or some other inorganic material to the mixture for good aeration. Bracken can be added as an acidifying topdressing yearly, with or without composting it.
Thank you. I will try this because I have same issue here in Caribbean. No pine bark.
Perfect timing! I was just doing some research to do this very thing and you video popped up!! Thank you for doing the research for me 😃
Ammonium sulfate...will work great. Also just 100% sulfur powder....Garden Fundamentals explains it perfect....
Pine bark is a good amendment for blueberries, acidic and allows good drainage with moisture retention.
Hi Gardner Scott, thanks for the info on blueberry soil conditioning. I will keep working with my blueberry beds to keep lowering the ph still. Keep up the good work.
Your timing is perfect. I just moved my lone surviving blueberry from the yard to a pot. Although my soil around here is perfect for blueberries there's too little topsoil (less than 6") before the clay underneath stops all drainage and roots. You confirmed everything I did was correct and it's already sprouted back up. Lucky for me I don't have to wait 6 months for the soil to acidify.
Blueberries need at least one other plant (with same bloom cycle) to cross pollinate.
Love blueberries and have 7 plants myself. They do need a little help with soil amendments but worth the hassle. Great video Scott
We purchased blueberry bushes at a fundraiser for our local extension service. I've been curious about what we should do with the soil. Thank you for the information!
They do sell soil with the perfect ph already dr earth makes a great one! Since you already have the plants you probably don’t have time to make your own. I’m in the same boat lol
I've had a blueberry bush for 20 years now, never acidified the soil. It's been more productive than ever in recent years.
Wonder how it stays acidic.
Have you ever tested your soil to see the ph?
@@montyjones111 No. Bought a test kit, but it didn't work very well.
There's a rhododendron nearby, and I wonder if it doesn't help.
We got a second blueberry bush last year and put it beside the first, and it's been struggling.
As far as I know, old plants can sort of get used to a more neutral PH. Could be a variety as well.
Tossed some sulfur in there last fall, and will do a bit more soon. I also have some lime juice I need to get rid of. I'll dilute it and add it over time.
We will see how things go this year. Don't think I could get any more off the big bush, though.
I think I got 11 pounds off last year.
@@Valchrist1313 Good Luck. We are still trying to get them to grow in our yard. Until then we'll continue to hike up the mountains and harvest gallons of tundra blueberries up here in Alaska.
So much work. I have blueberries in the ground and in raised beds. The ones in beds are in azalea mix with coco coir and wood chip mulch. Ones in ground have mulch, pine needles, coffee and wood chip mulch. Growing and producing well. Never done a soil test.
Straight peat moss works without any fuss. I have been growing them for about 8 years now. Just use azalea fertilizer and not much else. Other fertilizers may burn roots.
I have not had to add any acidifiers to my blueberry plants and I get good crops every year.
Would something like holly tone work?
@@lisalikesplants yes that will work for blueberry’s
I hope we can see a follow-up to see the ph going down. And then your blueberry plants!
I will plan to show that in a future video. After a month it dropped from 7.0 to 6.0.
@@GardenerScott I was looking for that question. Thanks for keeping us posted about pH progress. I plan to root blueberries from cuttings tomorrow, and it looks like I'd better get started preparing the soil immediately. Thanks for the mix idea. All I need is the sulfur and pots.
two parts fine pine bark mulch to one part sphagnum moss will provide an acceptable Ph level for blueberries. if you want to get to ideal level add one pound of sulfur to a ten foot square will drop the Ph by one half point of Ph. in my area due to the amount of calcium in the soil sulfur has to added yearly.
Thanks for the video. I would mention that the soil acidified you use is not pure sulfur but a mix with gypsum. It was recommended to go a farm store and buy much cheaper agricultural sulfur which is pure. Especially with what agricultural extensions use when they recommended soil amendments. Thanks again.
I use a cement mixer to mix my soil. Mixes soil completely and quickly.
Big thank you❤ i have a bush, loaded with berries, but it just seems gangly. So this helps.
Hello Gardner Scott. Why did you choose vermiculite over perlite in your mix? I usually use perlite because it's cheaper and more readily available where I am.
They both improve drainage but vermiculite will absorb some moisture and in dry regions like mine I like that for growing in pots.
@@GardenerScott Thanks.
Thank you! I'm so glad I clicked on this video as I was scrolling..I was just looking at my blueberries yesterday wondering how to amend the soil
That's why I'm growing in pots and beds. I'm making each bed to requirements for the plant.
Tysm for this video ! I'm trying to grow blueberries in pots for first time this year in Indiana
I don’t need to have a soil test done because my blueberry bush is right next to a hydrangea Bush and the color of the hydrangea flowers change due to how alkaline or acidic the soil is. Pink means alkaline and purple is neutral and blue is acidic. My hydrangea flowers were pink…
I am Indian from punjab I like this video so nice thanks for information thankyou.☺
Could you give us an update of how your potted blueberries are doing? Thanks
They are growing okay, but some deer ate most of the leaves so the plants have suffered.
Had a blueberry bush that was doing okay….but certainly not thriving….will try some of these tips.
I planted my blueberrys in a 50% mix of pine bark nuggets and spagnum peat moss. its the only mix that worked for me
So, I understand berries do well and thrive under pine trees.
I'm going to try this type of planting this season.
Your little mascot wants to help . Great information .
Glad I found this video. I just got my berries from starks
Thanks for the info. I'm debating putting blueberries in the ground or in pots. I think I'll opt for pots to start off.
THANK YOU!!!!!! ❤❤❤❤❤ I get so confused about fixing my soil. Growing in SNOW weather areas because even on a July night we can drop to 30s
Thank you for your very clear presentation. One aspect which confuses me is that you use a "Soil Acidifier" product which (according to the label) consists mostly of gypsum (Calcium Sulfate). Only 18% of this product is elemental sulfur -- the form which will eventually lower the pH. The sulfate in gypsum has little effect on soil pH. Therefore, if half a pound of elemental sulfur is required for your mix to lower the pH, wouldn't this require a lot more of this brand of soil acidifier?
Yes, a mix with inert ingredients will require more.
Greetings, Scott. Former Co Springs dude here. Great show. Kind of off-topic question now. Can you give be some very basic info on the small greenhouse you have? Mine was recently destroyed in a storm and this time I think I'll spend the extra money on something stronger. Thanks so much!
It is a Planta greenhouse from Canada. they have a few different models.
@@GardenerScott thanks so much!
Your pup is like mine. He tries to figure out where the smell of bone meal is coming from. 😁
Glad you mentioned because I thought the same🤣
Mine too...while munching on rabbit turds !!
My Beagles go NUTS over bone meal. I can't have them watch me treat pots, or they'll dig! looking for that"bone meal" Goodness!
@iamthewelcher My pup thinks deer turds are tastier, and more filling
@@BenDere-h6enothing beats the kitty crunchies, though.
Excellent video - I wrote everything down & will have to order a couple of ingredients I do not yet have. Will put this mix in the garden & will not plant until Autumn - this will give the soil 7 months to reach the pH we need here (SW Arizona zone 9b - the heavy clay soil - will mix a tiny bit in but most will be dumped elsewhere). Thank you so much - our Blueberries will love you for this mixture. Judi
Looks like a good plan, hope it went well for you. I wondered about this property if it was the same as video I had seen a number of years ago...so now I know.
I used manure and raised bed soil. My blueberries are doing good without soil amendments. I’m not sure if it has anything to do with me living in New England. I don’t have them planted in the native soil though.
Most New England soil is acidic, which is why blueberries are native to that region.
I use a soil conditioner called Happy Frog. It contains microbes.
I live in an area with acidic soil but grow my blueberry shrubs in pots so they don't get injured by family members doing yard work who don't understand that weed eaters and lawnmower bumps aren't good for the plants. I get good crops from all. The raspberry and blackberry plants are also in large pots but that's to help prevent them from overtaking the yard.
Yeah, what is it with yard pool not respecting my decent plants!
Thanks for excellent info on potted blueberries. I
I'm used to mixing acidic soils for the dawn redwoods, so it sounds like my two bushes will get a good home.
I use Ericasious soil, the same soil that rhododendrons love!
What an excellent video. Thanks for all the work you put into these
What about using pine bark wood nuggets for acidifing the soil, just need to do what you did mix the soil for 6 months and then use it ?
Pine bark can acidify soil but it takes extra nitrogen and time.
Thank you so much. I have been wanting to grow blueberries and didn't know exactly how to do it. I know they don't grow in my soil without some kind of help.
Thanks!
Thank you, Pat!
Do not rely on your Spagnum peat moss to be acidic because it was pretty much neutral when I tested it alone with the soil test meter. I used 1/3 each of potting soil, Spagnum peat moss and pine bark plus a few tablespoons of that same soil acidifier and tested it and that mutha was neutral. Smh. I blamed my meter for malfunctioning or not working. I planted the blueberry and they all die. This year I both 2 blueberries plant and I tested the soil with the same meter and to my surprise, the needle moved downwards toward acidic. This year I'll be using a cup of that soil acidifier per 5 gallon container to see the outcome. Thanks for you video
Or you can just go into the forest and collect the soil that’s already acid based. always easy works like a charm 😊 blessings
I’ve been wanting to get some blueberries and have been holding off because I knew they needed acidic soil. I’m getting some now because I know what to do now! Thank you!
Love the doggo!♥️
If roses grow in your area without an issue, blueberries should also grow. Mainly because they both require the soil to be at the same acidity.
Thanks brother!
Another great [timely] video. I just bought a few blueberry plants. Thanks for posting this!
I love this information. It will help me in the future.