Henry Ford: The Boy Who Hated Horses - US History - Part 1 - Extra History
Вставка
- Опубліковано 21 вер 2024
- 🚗 Looking to fast-track your shaving after watching Henry Ford's History? Then go to hensonshaving.... and enter "extracredits" at checkout to get 100 free blades with your purchase. 💈
History: Henry Ford's life started with him working on his father's farm but his passion for engineering brought him to Detroit. Where he would end up working as a machinist for Westing House and companies like the Edison Illuminating Company. Building his reputation and knowledge, as he began to work on his explosion engine. Creating his very first vehicle, the Ford Quadricycle in 1896!
* Watch Extra History ad-free & get 1-week early access on NEBULA go.nebula.tv/e...
* Suggest & Vote on our next episodes, get exclusive content & 24-hour early access on PATREON bit.ly/EHPatreon
* Show off your fandom with MERCH from our store! extracredits.st...
Interested in sponsoring an episode? Email us: extracredits@standard.tv
TWITTER: bit.ly/ECTweet I FACEBOOK: bit.ly/ECFBPage
INSTAGRAM: bit.ly/ECisonIn... I TIKTOK: bit.ly/ECtiktokz
GAMING: / @extracredits I TWITCH: bit.ly/ECtwitch
Miss an episode in our Henry Ford Series?
Part 1 - • Henry Ford: The Boy Wh...
Part 2 - • Henry Ford: Motor City...
Part 3 - • Henry Ford: The Model ...
Part 4 - • Henry Ford: Ignorant A...
Part 5 - • Henry Ford: A Tragic E...
Series Wrap-up & Recommended Reading / Lies Episode - Release Date: 10/28
♪ "An Industrial Genius" by Tiffany Roman - Release Date: 10/25 - Available on Patreon Soon!
Thanks for the high-quality conversations & for following our community guidelines here: bit.ly/ECFansR...
Interested in sponsoring an episode? Email us: extracredits@standard.tv
Artist: Ali R Thome I Writer: Robert Rath I Showrunner & Narrator: Matthew Krol I Editor: Aidan Strite & Mac Owens
I ♪ Extra History Theme by Demetori: bit.ly/1EQA5N7
#ExtraHistory #AmericanHistory #History
Looking for the Mustang of razors?🪒Then why not try this weeks sponsor Henson Shaving? Just go to hensonshaving.com/extracredits and and you can get 100 free blades with your purchase by using "extracredits" at checkout! Thanks for watching!
Your content always makes My days guys! Fills me with entertaiment and facts! Keep going! 🙏🙏🙏❤️❤️❤️❤️
Gotta say I had a good laugh at 9:25 and the tacticooled-up cartridge razor.
You guys make some of the best animations on UA-cam both informational and funny
Do the one for Mercedes Benz next.
@@vardekpetrovic9716 quite true. Henry Ford aught to be mossying in his grave.
One of my favourite anecdotes about Ford is how Bonnie and Clyde actually wrote him fan-mail whilst in the middle of their crime spree - complimenting him on the quality of his automobiles.
I mean, car producers have product placement to villains
Unfortunately for Bonnie and Clyde, one of the qualities Ford automobiles lacked was bullet resistance.
@@hydra70Unless they stole a legitimate armored car that is very obvious looking, no car then can resist 30-06 rounds fired by Federal agents armed with BAR's. Even now stock cars don't offer much protection from military caliber rounds...
@@hydra70you had to get that ventilation going.😂
If memory serves, they also wrote to Browning about the efficacy about the Browning Automatic Rifle.
"He HATED farm work, it was repetitive, physically taxing, and isolating"
Subtle forshadowing for the factory work he would eventually pioneer
He didn't pioneer factory work and, in fact, he made it less repetitive, physically taxing, and isolating
Farm work was still more physically taxing than factory work.
@Magnustopheles It should be kept in mind that he was still unambiguously evil, though.
The Forshadow is all over this episode!
@@extrahistory Haha been watching you folks since the first series on WWI, very cool to get a reply. Much love and here's to history
Interesting fact about Henry Ford, despite the fact he hated Jews a lot of Jews liked working for him because he was at the time one of the only employers who gave workers Saturdays off.
Don't Jews already get Saturday's off because of the sabbath?
Maybe he was willing to hire Jews to manufacture his Jew-Flattening Machine, because it gave him some sick amusement.
Well, Americans are the type of people who think using the Mona Lisa as a placemat is a very sophisticated idea.
@@joncook7510now yes but not back then. It was Christian calendar Sunday for everyone no matter faith.
@@ladymacbethofmtensk896Man that’s impressive, knowing that 331.9 million people would all think the exact same thing.
@@ladymacbethofmtensk896 the Mona Lisa is stupid though like preserve it I guess but who cares it was just stolen because no one cared about it
Side note why use it as a placemat why go through the effort
Ah, the classic motivation for engineers. "I hate doing this. Is there a way to NOT do it?"
And thus, machinery was born
It's basically the the quote of "the working man does a job completely while the lazy man finds the fastest way"
Fully agree and that comes from an enginner
Ya know in this context the folks drooling over GenAI in art, music and writing make sense, where artists enjoy the work techs just want to skip that part...
I know a few engineering students, and I swear they have the weirdest effort saving ideas. No, a drill is not an acceptable substitute for a hand mixer.
As a technician who works on things Engineers designed with the assumption no one would ever have to actually fix their product, I can confirm that something like building your car wider than the entrance to your barn is 100% in line with an Engineer's concept of spatial awareness.
As a Dearborn native who is knowledgeable about Henry Ford (and loves the Henry Ford Museum) this series is one that I've been looking forward too for a while. A fascinating yet flawed man, he remains one of the most compelling historical figures in American history. We are living in his world, as without his influence and ingenuity we would be in a very different place. Right and wrong as he was, no one can't argue that he didn't change the world.
I am looking forward to a full history of him since it’s surprisingly uncommon.
Usually when I hear about him it’s either someone who only gloats on him being a visionary or the person who loves to focus on his darker beliefs. They make him less of a man and more of some American mythical figure
"Without his influence and ingenuity we would be in a very different place."
Would it? This is mystical, "Great Man of History" thinking. If not him then it would have been someone else.
@@TheCommunistGamerTV The car was inevitable, but it's hard to argue Ford didn't have a large influence on the 20th century. At the end of the day it was Ford who popularised the car. If not him then yeah, maybe someone else, but later, and differently.
Also worth noting all of his advances in production methods too. Who knows, without him it may have been a long time before someone had the same ideas he did about how to build products and work factories. It's easy to say things are obvious in hindsight.
The 'Great Man' hypothesis has one major thing going for it: the Annales school cannot *predict* an Alexander or a Temujin, the individual who breaks the expected rules and also brings about a new set of rules which form the basis for a new Annales expectation.@@TheCommunistGamerTV
The 'other Alexander' was Pyrrhus (who failed his objectives). The 'other Temujin' was Jamukha (who was a traditionalist unlike Temujin, and also failed)
Would an 'other Ford' have had access to a continent's worth of market? (unlike any European automaker), while also having access to everything needed for the auto industry? If it were someone else, then why wasn't it someone else? Why didn't Ransom Olds win?
“Flawed” understatement of the century.
The fact that he made his first car too wide to get out the door of the place he made it is just... *face-palm*
It’s peak geek, and absolutely peek geek engineer.
Nothing signifies "Engineer" better than thinking about everything except something as practical as that ;)
Henry Ford almost sound like an Adam Sandler character in this first episode.
Could be an unintentionally good idea. It would make it harder for rivals to steal it before it was completed.
And you’ve invented what exactly?
The boy who hated horses is a fun way to represent Ford
its more monetizable than "the boy who hated jews"
And hilarious in hindsight since the Ford Mustang exists 😂
Wasn't just horses he hated...
and the one who would make Detroit The City of Steel...right before it went broke in 2009
@@jaredb2252 literally the same title i thought of as soon as i saw this video
There isnt much that better illustrates the mark Ford left on history than the fact that a city 9 miles away (a 3 hour walk, 45 minute bike ride, or 8 minutes on the Interstate) might as well have been another world compared to the farm where he grew up.
My friend their was steam trains
@@BoseAussietrains are more suited for long travel and medium travel,no sense to link a train form town to town if walking takes 3 hours and the process of the train transport is a hour
@@brianstabile165no sense now but back then it made a lot of sense especially for a connecting train to a larger service. Similar mindset to why some small planes fly to small airports to get people to better ones.
@@BoseAussieand soon in the timeline there would be a lot of other new options like street cars and trams along with the trains. Don’t get me wrong Ford changed the world but don’t act like some parallel to the modern world wouldn’t exist without this.
Hell in the introduction they even mention the fact they were already trying with electricity, so we might even have had electric cars sooner. Worse cars for a while but innovation would have made them better faster.
@@BoseAussie And if you lived more than 9 miles from a station?
As someone who grew up in Metro Detroit hearing stories from my grandfather about the Ford family both the good and bad; My great grandfather was stabbed in the Battle of the Overpass where Fords private security force physically assaulted Walter P Ruther and member’s of the UAW.
Im so excited for this Extra History series about the man who’s family name still looms large across my home state.
My wifes Grandpa as there too. He was treasurer for the UAW. We got photos of him with JFK and with Hoffa.
I think Walter Ruether has a ue. Someone I know is some sort of great niece or other descendant.
So Henry Ford hated repetetive work? That must be one of the greatest cases of irony Ive ever heard.
Every worker hates the current monarch but loves monarchy because dreaming of becoming the monarch is the wonderful escapist fantasy and he would never give that up.
@@darthparallax5207endless cycle
I found another irony in another Extra Credits video. Ford claimed to know everything. However he had crazy delusions about Jews running the world and causing all the problems. Such a conspiracy theory shows that he doesn't know how the world works.
Fun fact: Henry Ford HATED jazz (he thought it was barbaric) and promoted country music and squaredancing as a counter, going so far as lobbying to teach it in school. if you were forced to learn how to square dance in school, you can "thank" henry ford
No joke, "Gasoline Wagon" sounds a cool name for the first cars.
Dieselpunk fans, arise!
Clankers, fall in line!
_Benzinwagen_
Man you gotta appreciate Clara Ford's patience. She was truly a ride or die gal, though I do believe sometimes she wanted to run over Ford with some of his creations.
The tradition of 'I built this too big to get out through the door' continues even now. Just a small oversight, but as shown, it can be overcome with sufficient determination.
Happened to me with a computer desk. Had to disassemble it then make it again in the room it goes. Never got some of the screws quite right
My fridge could barely fit through the door even after taking off the handles.
This this such a small thing but, does anyone else love seeing the little kid growing up in the "Next Episode" images, like we have seen them grow up from being a tiny baby wrapped in blankets in a sling on their mum (I don't remember seeing any earlier stages) to being a toddler playing around with stuff and learning. Little things you know
I hope we get to see him as an older (school age) child too.
That little kid is seen also playing pirates and watching tulips grow
I actually just got finished reading Ford's biography... My favorite quote attributed to Henry Ford was "Failure is only the opportunity more intelligently to begin again."
Edison again casually rubbing shoulders with another famous person. You can't hear the backstory of Bell, Tesla, Westinghouse, the robber barons and now Ford without him coming up in some form.
Love him, hate him, on the fence with him, we can all agree he left a giant impact on the world. His cars weren’t the cheapest, and certainly weren’t the most expensive. He aimed right for the middle, and was on target. He made cars for the middleman, IE the Masses. More than half the cars back then were the Model T. That is most certainly an achievement, and was one of the most mass produced cars of the time. The only other car I can think of that came from a controversial figure was Hitler’s project for a People’s Car; “Volkswagen” if you will. That company’s first car was nicknamed the Beetle.
I really hope this series covers Fordlandia and his attempts at rubber plantations. Hopefully we can get an entire series on all the banana republics and how they really destroyed huge parts of Latin America.
ICYMI, they just had a 3-part series of Shorts about Fordlandia
@@chedelirio6984 thanks for the heads up I'll definitely check it out! I don't always keep track of shorts when I'm watching through the TV app.
Our Fordlandia Shorts start here: ua-cam.com/users/shortsFtWsGLOkQ9Q
I missed a mention of Carl Benz as the first to develop a commercial automobile. There was a Frenchman who created the first internal combustion car in early 19th century, but since it didn’t start the auto industry, it’s not a bad miss. Benz, however, started the company we now know as Mercedes.
Benz, Daimler and Maybach are the ones who are usually named as the “inventors" of the automobile.
@@mcs699 Well it is often credited to Henry Ford to have invented the automobile, when he has not. Carl Benz was 10 years earlier and this needs to be pointed out to educate people who wrongly think that Ford was the first one. If this video does not do so, I will not watch it. I hate misinformation.
I agree, I am also missing mentions to Frank Benz and the fact that automobiles were already invented. This is too vague in the video and can be misleading. Ford's main contribution wasn't the automobile but the assembly line.
@@HidalgoLanda The video makes clear mention of people already racing the things and having a competition to name them before Ford even gets his out the door. This video clearly is not making the claim that ford invented the automobile. Not to mention the fact that it also includes mention of Ford seeing a self propelled engine when he was just 12.
@@mcs699 he said a _mention_ . Pointing out earlier developments just helps put the video in context. Not sure if you're just being pedantic for its own sake.
Now I do wanna make one correction for you, Henry ford actually hated book learning over hands on learning and the reason for his book teacher was because before he had her, his previous teacher was a hands on professor, luckily for Henry when his teacher moved to another county because his fathers land was on the county line he was legally able to go to either school as back then all children were able to attend school in the county their family paid for, what’s even funnier is Henry ford built a small steam engine with his classmates on the fence of the school he went to, the hands on teacher going about his lesson when the engine which had been built without a release valve for its steam exploded and caught the fence line on fire, while most people would be furious with this result Henry’s teacher looked at the boys who promptly put out the fire and said “so what did we learn?”
Fun Fact: Westinghouse was also know for many decades making steam powered air compressors or air pumps to keep air brakes on steam locomotives pressurized.
Ford: Oh no! The door way is too small!
*SMASH!*
Ford, still holding the axe: Anyways
Can I just say your animation is getting more amazing every episode, keep up the tremendous work!
Thank you! I always love giving these comments to the artists!
@@extrahistory No worries!
0:56 and now its electric powered
Henry Ford, the man who made cars by today and wrote pen pal letters to a failed Austrian painter by night.
The museum spoken of in the episode is amazing. It's called greenfield village and it's adjacent to the Henry Ford museum in Dearborn.
Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Foreshadow knows!
Gods I love this channel! No matter what flavor of nerdy you are, they cater to you in style
Thanks Henry for creating one of the most famous american car brands
I just found this channel. Being informative and fun attracted me, but the narrators enthusiasm is what made me subscribe. Keep up the good job!
Will do! Thank you!
0:25 H. Ford hated repetitive, physically taxing and isolating farm work... Let me enjoy the sweat irony of that statement
of course ford would be extremely nervous, he was put on the spot to explain his car idea
I love how he apent so much time building it, and never thought how it would get it out of the shed
Let's not forget He Praised Hilter and his book
That's what the Fore Shadowman was for!
Oooh oops
"The boy who hated horses..."
AMONGST OTHER THINGS
Hence Ford's Jew flattening machine.
Personally this channel should have more subscribers. The amount of work and time put into it is incredible.
Thank you! We love being able to do it. Thanks so much for watching
As a person who grew up in Southeast Michigan I frequently tell people that if they ever visit Detroit/SE MI (which is something of a caveat) they absolutely must see the Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village.
You failed to mention the Benz Patent Motorwagon and Bertha Benz's epic unauthorized journey from Mannheim to Pforzheim in August 1888. The story is very funny.
I agree.
“What wickedness lurks in the heart of this man?
The Foreshadow Knows!”
“The Tree of History bears bitter fruit!”
A+ cult movie reference.
''Every genius is secretly an idiot.''
Dr Ivo Robotnik
Amazing work as always guys! This series is going to ve Incredible! And im gonna be here for the whole ride! 🫡🫡🫡🫡🫡🔥🔥🔥❤️❤️❤️❤️
5:07
Me: "The Shadow know-"
Matt: "The Foreshadow knows..."
Me: "HEY, THAT WAS MY LINE!"
Stories from these time periods always strike me at how "easy" it is to just pack up and start a new life somewhere else. Like the number of historical accounts where someone moves halfway across the world or halfway across the country with nothing to their name, and then gets a job as a lawyer or something with no experience and is making loads of money. Its so alien to nowadays where there straight up aren't any entry level jobs for most fields.
Like in this one, Fords family moves to America to escape a famine and they're suddenly successful farmers. Thats just so completely unthinkable in this day and age.
The closest equivalent would be moving and becoming a plumber or some other job that is generally looked down upon, but always in demand.
Different people belonging to a different era
How is that different from the modern day examples of the donut shop owned by cambodians fleeing the khmer rouge or a desi owned gas station?
Remember "Survivorship Bias". For every success story out there there will alway be failures by the hundreds wasting away in the background. How many people that were like Ford that failed to be like Ford?
@@bruceparker1970 Are you telling me you can own a gas station or donut shop with literally zero training, assets, or experience? Cause thats what is happening in all these historical examples. People just show up somewhere and get hired with a job that pays well enough to support a family plus throw money away into some side hustle. Being born in the 90's that amount of wealth being so readily accessible is an alien world to me.
0:30: ! Henry Ford convinces Thomas Edison that the future will be gasoline-powered.
2:25: 🐎 Henry Ford's early life and interests, including his dislike for horses and love for tinkering.
4:43: 👨🎓 Henry Ford's education was limited, but he internalized an ethos of American progress and capitalist economics.
7:31: 🚗 Henry Ford's journey to creating the automobile began with the Fordquadricycle, an upscale bicycle with a carriage seat.
9:49: 💈 Henson has crafted a precision engineered safety razor designed to provide a super close shave without waste or high cost.
Recap by Tammy AI
I grew up listening to the original The Shadow radio shows on cassette with my mom, thank you for that piece of nostalgia this morning ❤
this series being released in between the UAW strike is kinda hilarious tbh
your stuff has all ways been some of the best history stuff on the internet so thank you for the show ❤
Thank you for watching!
“The foreshadow knows…” magnificent
musta been cool discovering cars for the first time like ever
@6:05: Yes, the same Edsel Ford the company's ill-fated car line of the late 1950's was named after.
Still asking for a six day war series
And I want an 1896 Anglo-Zanzibar War episode.
we need yam kipur war series . it's far more interesting than 6 day war .
Probably won't happen. Extra History has a general rule of not covering anything more recent than 1939. They typically only make exceptions if the series is directly sponsored and/or there's such a wealth of reliable information on the topic that Extra History believes they can do it justice.
@@ladymacbethofmtensk896The episode would probably last longer than the war…
@@davidwright7193 The entire war was just thirty-eight minutes, which shows just how deadly effective the Royal Navy was. Indeed, if any of the British Caribbean islands revolted against the Act of 1833, it would have been absolutely no contest.
God I love y’all’s videos I just want the whole Ford series now lol, but Ik it’s worth the wait. Y’all end ur videos on perfect cliffhangers I swear
Quadricycle! I love it. That's one of my new favorite words... preceded by Biclops.
"oh no, the door is too small." D E S T R O Y
The starting anecdote has to be apocryphal, the ICE had been around in commercial quantities for over 70 yrs by1896... The main issue was starting motors - not something Ford innovated - which was helped a lot from adding an electric start - again not a Ford innovation.
He did innovate the modern idea of an assembly line.
He is amped up because of American Centrism.
But the assembly line and interchangeable parts, another Detroit idea though not his, made the automobile viable and would be great to apply to trains as much as we can get.
Here's my vote to make the Foreshadow a recurring EH character.
He hated repetitive work, and he hated horses because they were too dangerous. So let's open factories where people do dull, repetitive work to build dangerous automobiles.
Ford is such a complex figured. Going to be interesting to see how you handle it all. Especially the stuff he did in Germany around 1930 (oh hi foreshadowing)
Got this here used 6-cylinder EXPLOSION machine 🚗💨💥
By the law, I have to stop at 5:12 and say "Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows! Mwhahahaha".
I remember back when you guys were doing Bismarck and since then all of you have come a loong way!
I’m amazed Edison didn’t steal his idea
I went to the Henry ford museum and yeah, bro actually just moved buildings there from New York so they’d be preserved
What a great idea for a new series! Can't wait to see where this one will go and what it will cover!
I hope they talk about his effort to stop the Great War, he failed miserably but at least he tried.
3:44. Wow, the 1st kid to like vehicles
Okay, the "Shadow knows" reference was a deep cut, and I appreciate it. My grandfather would be proud.
YES! Been waiting for this since you guys announced it! You guys are the best!🎉🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤❤
Ford axing his way through the shed is such an engineer move.
7:20 Something I learned about The French Language from a Rick Steves' Europe Tourist Book about France is that the word "Mobile" is also the french word for "Furniture". This is because back when France was ruled by a monarchy, The French Noble Court would move around a lot over the course of the year for various reasons (Seasonal Migration, Wars, The Monarchy/Nobility just wanting to reside somewhere close to home, or someplace convenient, etc.). So, in one part of the year, The French Court could have been in Paris, another time-of-year, they could've been located in Versailles, another time-of-year, they could've been in Gascony, etc. Because the royalty/nobility moved around a lot, their furniture would've obiviously been moved around a lot too (It was very mobile). Hence, why "Mobile" means "Furniture" in French.
So, basically, "Automobile" can mean "Self-Furniture", as well as "Self-Mobile", like it moves around by itself. Imagine considering your car, truck, van, or Jeep a piece of furniture?
It's kinda funny timing that while this series is coming out the autoworkers of various car manifactioners are currently striking for better wages so they can even afford the cars they produce. The same mentality that Henry Ford pushed for with his workers. This will be a fun series that is also pretty topical of the times.
Actually, he dramatically raised wages mostly because turnover was so incredibly high that higher wages were actually less expensive. Also, a worker couldn't get the full wage unless they met certain conditions that required his minions to come inspect workers' homes so they were living in a way he approved of.
Edison then takes a look at his design, reaches down with his pen, scratches out Ford's name, then writes his own. "Look at the engine I just invented!" He says to the table.
"The Foreshadow knows."
I see what you did there.
Using The Shadow for foreshadowing, awesome. Don't see much of The Shadow anywhere.
The foreshadow knows should be a national treasure.
I LOVE the reference to The Shadow! I listened to all the radio shows on UA-cam 😁
The movie with Alec Baldwin, while campy and silly is still fun to watch.
Its funny how we went from electric cars to gas cars and are going to electric cars. History is a weird cycle and i love it all
I thought Ford called his invention the “Jews Flattening Machine.”
But can you use it to go to one destination?
Greenfield village is one of my favorite places! They have people who work the farms and teach you want they are doing, I don’t know if they do it anymore but when I was a kid you used to be able to help on the farms too.
5:10 wow a Shadow reference was the last thing I expected today!
I love to listen to extra history while doing my job. it very nice to study while doing other things.
The beginning of the video is actually deeply tragic with modern context because if Electric cars had won early on, which they had a good chance to do, we'd have far more advanced electric cars and far more infrastructure to support them now.
Let’s go Henry ford I be waiting for years😎😎😎😎✨✨✨✨
🍷🗿
Bros are reviving the American ethos and thought we wouldn’t see.
1896: gas is the fuel of the future
2024: well that backfired
Whose complaining
“He’s just convinced Edison that the future is gasoline” and then we moved on to teslas a hundred years later
Ever wonder why we don't call them Edisons...
Oh the electricity vs gas car goes back to the 1890s. And the repetitive nature is really Ironic
Yesterday I just went to Henry Ford museum in Dearborn, Michigan
Some seroius protaganist engery there mr Ford
nice series! as someone who had the privilege of studying among the sons of millionaires and billionaires, I think that humanizing and understanding the life story of powerful people is essential in today's time. demonizing rich people is a dangerous trend which blocks us from perceiving that they are people just like us. there's good, there's bad and there's ugly. being able to tell the difference is essential.
8:20
Heeeere's Henry!
"Looking to fast-track your shaving after watching Henry Ford? Then go to the sponsor of this video!"
The late 19th and early 20th century cleary was an age of revolution. All these titans of science, engineering, industry, and finance living in the same period. Wow.
”Oh no the door is too small!” Proceeds to destroy part of the wall infront of his wife just so he could show off his little contraption
I have always heard that Henry expanded the door of his brick garage with a sledge hammer, not an ax. (That was the story I was told a Greenfield Village with the docent pointing to the door!)
Bhudism to Henry Ford might be the most radical shift extra history has made
Ah yes henry ford and the “Flattening Machines” 😂 cant wait to see more
I take it you would use the Mona Lisa as a placemat?
@@ladymacbethofmtensk896 lol 😂 hahahaha hehe
"When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it." -- Henry Ford