How England and Spain Failed to Destroy Each Other - Early Modern History
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- Опубліковано 24 лют 2024
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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Early Modern History, as well as history of Spain and England, continues with a video in which we talk about the European theatre of the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1604, as we discuss the Spanish Armada, English counter-Armada, Second and Third Spanish Armadas, as well as the last Spanish Armada during the Nine Years' War in Ireland. We will talk about the battles of Gravelines, Cadiz, Lisbon, Corunna, Kinsale, Cascais, about queen Elizabeth I and Philip II and their rivalry, about Francis Drake and Medina Sedonia, about the Catholic-Protestant rivalry, and much more
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Script: Arnaldo Teodorani
Animation: Antoni Kameran
Machinima: MalayArcher ( / mathemedicupdates ) using Total War: Empire Engine
Narration: Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
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Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #SpanishArmada #Kingsandgenerals
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You guys really rocked my day today.
"The English plan was to take Santander, Lisbon, and the Azores"
_the English abandon Santander for deeming it too defended, and instead attack the smaller Coruña_
_the English are then ROUTED from Coruña by a force of civilians and some marines_
_the English then decide 'you know what? I think we can still besiege the much larger capital city of Lisbon'_
bruh.
Alvaro de Bazan was perhaps the greatest admiral at the time, having defeated the Ottomans, French, English, and Portuguese on all occasions--never defeated. If he hadn't died the Spanish Armada could have succeeded. An admiral for 50 years, I don't think Alvaro would have made the boneheaded mistakes Medina de Sidona did.
He never faced the Portuguese army, since most of them were imprisoned in Morocco, not to mention whether his victories in the Azores were due to the presence of Portuguese galleons and their sailors in his armada.
@@JXJX-gg6qk He was still vastly outnumbered because England and France sent their fleets to help the Portuguese, and he defeated them.
he was rellly the best, the portuguese were not good soldiers, just explorers, the spanish were both good fighters and explorers
@@JXJX-gg6qk
Almiral of the Ocean, perhaps the best there was at his time, Alvaro Bazán. One nation, Spain vs 2-3 other nations along 2-3 centuries. That is formidable!, outnumbered most of the time by its enemies and yet outstanding the courage, genius, and bravery of those who fought to defend an Empire coveted by the other neighbor nations. By sea or by land they (Spaniards, it's citizens and it's Empire ruled for quiet 3 centuries. No other similar since her mother Rome.
@@EmisoraRadioPatio He would not have beaten Nelson thats for sure, different times but Nelsen defeated both France and Spain a number of times.
"Clearly our writer is badly in need of a long-overdue flogging", I appreciated that.
Plot twist. He is his own writer and enjoys the whip a little to much ;)
1:13: "Dump his wife."
I applaud Charles for defending the interests of his aunt and cousin.
Today: wages are sinking by 12%
Then : wages are sinking
suddenly inflation doesn't sound so bad (it's still fucking terrible and entirely avoidable)
Some things never change
Juujjjujub
"How England and Spain failed to destroy each other" truly is the perfect title for this video.
As a Spaniard who knows English people I can confirm we both still exist
"Lutheran Chickens!" is my new favorite war cry.
"Nobody expects the Spanish infiltration" at about 35 mins... ::: chef's kiss:::
Philip II got the Kublai Khan Treatment concerning his Armadas
Wait until you hear about the English Armada…
@@EricM-gm5wzOne English armada. Spain sent three against Elizabethan England.
The fleet sent by Philip II against England was not defeated by the enemy in combat, but its return trip through the North Sea caused the enterprise to end in disaster.
@@EricM-gm5wzYeah the English armada flopped hard, but lesser known is that Spain sent three armadas against Elizabethan England.
@@jebralianWell the Battle of Gravelines is what pushed the fleet north, but yes it was in large part a victory decided by weather.
31:46 NEVER try to cross the bridge when you are the defender. The Total War series has taught us this lesson many times.
It would be really cool if you made a big documentary about the 80 years war and the Dutch-Portuguese war
Tu pareces português 🧐
@@zidokthepriest vejo que és um indivíduo perspicaz
I am not the smartest person int the world but these videos teach me so much. Thank you
I'm a big fan of you sir "Not the smartest person int the world"
I always seem to forget that Spain use to be that close to England
was stronger
Whith portuguese armada too, very good portuguese ships in that time , caravelas and NAUS
I love the bits of British humor scattered throughout the writing. Very informative and entertaining video!
So often do people talk about the rivalry between England and France, but never about England's second biggest rivalry, the one with Spain. Even before England's split with Catholicism.
XVI-XVIII century: England vs Spain
XVIII-XIX century: England vs France
@@pedritopedrito_ XXI century: England vs England
Aguilla and Padilla sounds like a delicious entree. Also, it's fun to hear about rain being the great defender of England.
Amazing as always! Thanks for your hard work KnG!
Wow.. loving the new visuals and presentation. Good JOB Kings and Generals. xx
5:12 when i say this is the best little bit of narration this channel has put out, i want to emphasize just how well every K&G video is narrated. Outstanding understated delivery
The title feels like such shade to both sides, i love it.
The Anglo-Spanish War wasn't merely a draw, contrary to the portrayal in this documentary; rather, it stood as a resounding victory for Spain. By 1604, the battered English economy could no longer withstand the relentless strain of maritime warfare, leading to the signing of the Treaty of London. England yielded to all Spanish demands: it renounced support for the Dutch rebels, opened the English Channel to Spanish maritime traffic, and put a stop to the activities of privateers in the Atlantic Ocean. Viewed as a defeat by the English themselves at the time, the treaty sparked a failed attempt to overthrow King James I. Consequently, the pirate Sir Walter Raleigh, who had defied both the treaty and the king's orders by persisting in his futile attempts to assault Spanish vessels, faced execution.
But England remained protestant. So didn't Spain fail her goal?
@@Absoluteum I would call it indecisive for both sides....both accomplished some things they wanted but failed at others...
@@AbsoluteumI think it can be viewed as a victory for Spain overall, but it’s also true that Spain didn’t achieve their maximum goal of overthrowing the Protestant monarchs. We’re so used to framing things in terms of Total Victory (from our overconsumption of WW2 history) that we forget that in most wars, typical victory was framed in terms of who was able to achieve at least the majority of the initial war goals.
@@Absoluteumit wasn’t a total victory for spain
Guerras anglo-españolas en los siglos XIV y XV; victorias española.Guerra de gascuña 1266 contra los ingleses; victoria española.Guerra anglo española 1526-1529 (liga de cognac); victoria española.Guerra de sucesión portuguesa 1580-1583; victoria española.Guerra anglo española 1585-1604; victoria española.Guerra anglo-española dentro de la guerra luso holandesa, 1602; victoria española.Guerra sucesión de julich 1609-1618; victoria española.Guerra anglo-española 1624-1630; victoria española.Guerra de sucesión española; victoria de España borbónica y Francia.Guerra anglo española 1727-1729; victoria española.Guerra de sucesión austriaca contra los británicos, batalla de Cabo Sicié o de Tolón; victoria española.Guerra de asiento 1739-1748; victoria española.Guerra por Malvinas 1770 y Melilla 1774; victoria española.Guerra anglo española 1778-1783; victoria española.Guerra anglo-española 1796-1808; indecisaGuerra de tercera coalición 1803-1806; victoria española.
An excellent account of the events that took place . Watching this right after the Hundred Years War and the War of roses 🌹 gives a lot of context and continuity.
As usual , keep up the good work K&G
The Anglo-Spanish War wasn't merely a draw, contrary to the portrayal in this documentary; rather, it stood as a resounding victory for Spain. By 1604, the battered English economy could no longer withstand the relentless strain of maritime warfare, leading to the signing of the Treaty of London. England yielded to all Spanish demands: it renounced support for the Dutch rebels, opened the English Channel to Spanish maritime traffic, and put a stop to the activities of privateers in the Atlantic Ocean. Viewed as a defeat by the English themselves at the time, the treaty sparked a failed attempt to overthrow King James I. Consequently, the pirate Sir Walter Raleigh, who had defied both the treaty and the king's orders by persisting in his futile attempts to assault Spanish vessels, faced execution.
i love this videos
would it be possible to name the literature used for these videos in the video description? im studying history and once in a while i would like to take a look into the information and maybe use it for own works afterwards since these videos always give me interest to do something about the said things aswell
I very much enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up
As always, brilliant presentation!
"May the 4th, Spanish Empire struck back." ... Nod
again you deliver us a masterpiece
Such a cool documentary! Quick question will the remastered Diadochi wars end at ipsus or keep talking about the Diadochi in the decades after?
The aftermath will be covered in the remastered version.
@@KingsandGenerals thanks! Also I think the Navy of Henry V would be an interesting opportunity, he effectively founded the Royal Navy long before Henry viii with all he did.
Why do you hide what happened in 1595? The Spanish Raid on West Cornwall - In July 1595, Spanish soldiers landed in West Cornwall and attacked the settlements of Mousehole, Paul, Penzance and Newlyn. The attack was part of the conflict between Catholic Spain and Protestant England. - It was decided to organize a punitive expedition for the help of the English to France and on July 26, 1595, four galleys sailed from Blavet with four hundred soldiers from Don Juan de Águila's third (three companies) commanded by Don Carlos, his captain. of Amésquita (called Amézola by the historian Fernández Duro).
This sounds fascinating, don’t suppose you could recommend any books I could have a gander at ?
Yeah it's weird they didn't mention it. When word spread the Spaniards landed in Cornwall the English militias fled without much of a fight.
when did they leave Britain?
@@kets4443 They were just raids
The most notorious addition was the Duran Duran joke
The Spanish had very good military leaders and military. They really were during their hey day the best.
And the British were the best in there heyday.
@@cpj93070 yes, both Spain and England wyrd the best in their own eras/heydays. 👍
@@vgrg7841 tendrian que pasar 200 años para eso....
Now both are weak. Spain way worse off tho
@@deeznutz57 the UK are the 6th strongest nation in the world hardly weak just not a super power anymore
Weather was main villain of this story.
I adore how Devin says harquebusiers.
This video was very informative and interesting. I watched it the whole way through and it didn’t even felt like it was long despite it being over one hour long. Could you please do a video about the Second Sino-Japanese War?
No one expects the Spanish infiltration!
Nice :)
Wheat grains can be eaten after sprouted, they do not need to be milled into flour for bread. If Norris had done that, his men would’ve been better fed.
Being born in the 16th century and having shiploads of farmers onboard, I imagine he knew that. It's the narrator of this vid that lacks that particular piece of knowledge.
Cool, we need more stuff from this time period.
From the Americas to see how they we're dealing with European powers?
@@Bringmeoneofthosechickens not really more like the 30 years war
@@doyouevenpraise189 There are 1000 videos about Europe. What about Central Asia?
@@Bringmeoneofthosechickens that cool be nice although I think Central Asia was more active in the victorian age than in the 1500s+
@@doyouevenpraise189 So you only care about European history? Nothing for the Inca Empire, Mali Empire, Aztec Empire, Ethiopian Empire etc etc
On his raid on Cadiz, Drake destroyed the best barrels for water(the older ones), that inflicted more damage to the campaing than all the other attacks because everything had to be delayed,. Also, new barrels were not able to hold water properly (that's why it got spoiled). Drake knew really well what he was doing in Cadiz.
P.S. I love the long videos, thank you so much!
He died a loser in Panama.
At one point you said the English could fire each cannon 3 times in an hour and the Spanish once in an hour. Did you mean in a minute, because otherwise that seems too slow to do anything?
It's neither. In the time period these battles took place ships were able to deliver broadsides every 3 minutes (on average). Field artillery was easier to reload (and thus faster) than ship cannon, where the enclosed space, ropes and pulleys and repositioning of the gun after reloading slowed down the whole process.
Considering ships seemed to be able to brush off hundreds of hits, I wonder if naval combat got a bit boring 😂
@@mamba101 It actually was... in a manner of speaking. Two heavy warships could dish out and soak up 100's of shots without significant damage to the main ship body, if they were just several dozen meters apart. The only more "boring" engagement I can think of might be the battle between the USS Monitor and the USS Virginia, where the ships went at each other for hours unable to overcome their opponents due to their ironclad armour. It was all just smoke and mirrors... eh... cannon thunder.
@@joknaepkens awesome. Thank you for the clarification!
Can you make a video about ghurids and battles of Tarain 🙏
Excellent video.
Very good, thanks v much
Francis Drake is the most important English commander of all time imo. Closely followed by Wellington and Nelson.
This is brilliant as always! I hope you'll consider doing a video on the Franco-Spanish War in the future.
If I may, even if it's not much. On the map at 7:40, you show some cities in France.
Lorient wasn't founded then (founded in 1666). It's "easy" (if you know its background) to be aware of because the city was founded to receive the trade from Asia, hence the name (L'orient = the East).
Missed the lose of England on the invasión of Cartagena de Indias in coast of Nueva Granda - América
separate video on that
Please We Need More Of These Long Documentaries 1 Every 2 Weeks At Least To Fill The Gap Of The Days Without Your Videos... I Became Addicted To Eat Dinner While Watching Your Work & Stories ❤
Brits will always underplay the Portuguese loyalty to the Windsor treaty
Amazing, I think myself a well studied student of history, and yet I had not heard of most of these counter invasions. I thought it was essentially just the (first) Spanish Armada, then English privateering and a occasional pitched naval battles.
La culpa la tiene el sistema de enseñanza britanico, que solo os cuentan las grandes victorias....y pasan olimpicamente de las derrotas.
Great historical account. History in general is interesting.
its interesting to see how the narrator is quite biased towards the british version of the war
Was about to write the same thing. Quite biased but in a careful manner. When he mentions the inquisition and the Lutheran Chickens part (So English and Protestant side bias). Still really good documentary, but ofc needs to be taken with a grain of salt when it comes to Kings And Generals. For me is Entertainment, if I want something serious (and closer to truth) I go and read academic papers or books.
@@qwertyTassadar This still seemed to me as the least protestant-biased video I watched on this conflict.
Can someone experienced in sailing please explain to me why weather was so deadly and obnoxious at this point in history compared to much later in the early 1700s and on?
The skeleton crew of the fireships, did they "kamikazed" themselfs or did they jump seconds before impact?
Question. What's the source for the rate of fire of the cannons on Spanish and English ships respectively (3-4 shots per gun per hour for UK and 1 shot per cannon per hour for Spain)? That seems incredibly slow, was really surprising to me.
Thanks in advance!
John Barratt - Armada 1588
@@KingsandGenerals thank you! Curious nerds wants to know, did they fire slowly because they took that long to actually reload? Or was the rate of fire driven more by not having enough crew to man every gun? Or alternatively, was there an issue with the guns needing to cool down before they could be reloaded?
Sorry, not an expert. :-)
RIP durran durran bass player lol 1:12:10
Thank you for this great documentary! We learn at school(and some youtube videos share that narrative too) about how the English valiantly destroyed whole Spanish armada with their fire ships and defeated rest of the Spanish army on land. But we can see the reality is much more mundane, as storms with diseases are responsible for VAST majority of Iberian losses.
The catholics even seem heroic compared to the English, who were mostly looking at undefended ports and ships to loot.
why I am thinking constantly about anjin-san from the tv show shogun when I watch this documentary haha
Elizabeth dies in 1603 btw
Spain not failed , Spain win the war and the treaty of peace of 1604 agree this point.
Can't help but wonder if the two English Admirals mentioned during and immediately after the first naval engagement, Seymour & Howard have any kinship to two of Elizabeth's father, Henry VIII's, unfortunate wives? Although both are common English surnames, obviously.
At least 70% of ships were named revenge something
0:30 the city Groningen is in the wrong location. I think it has been switched up with a place called Leeuwarden. Groningen is a bit more east irl. Oh weird, it's correct at 1:00
Fixed at 1:00, forgot to make the change in 0:30, apologies
It’s a terrifying prospect to think how successful the Spanish armadas would’ve been against England had it not been for the unusually coincidental storms that prevented them from landing to begin with.
If Álvaro de Bazán had lived longer and had led the Navy, the chances of Spanish victory would be much greater.
Be nice to have a treatment of the Dutch rebellion that became intertwined with the Anglo-Spanish War, as well as the succession war in France.
In your world, Austria, Saxony, Bavaria and Switzerland are not part of the HRE?
When playing Europa Universalis i always thought ship attrition was ridiculous and bad game dev design.
After watching this i realize i had no idea about the logistics and the game is actually quite friendly with the player
Can you make a video about the northern crusades. The crusades that took place on Estonia and Latvia the last pagan outposts in Europe.
Pensar que Inglaterra le podía ganar una guerra a España en esa época es irracional, es como pensar que España le pueda ganar una guerra a Inglaterra ahora. La batalla perdida fue culpa del mal tiempo que dañaron mucho barcos e Inglaterra tomó la derrota por causa de la tormenta como propaganda para decir que le ganaron a España
I love how they are always declining politely 😂
What do you use to make the animations?
After Effects
No one expects the Spanish infiltration. Classic
Are you saying that the meme about "mucho cannons = mucho damage" is false?
whats the music at 8:15? really wanna know
Great video, y'all! I've heard about the Spanish disaster but i didn't know the english had also tried and failed multiple times. It was a pretty balanced war, both sides got big wins and big losses!
Remember that Spain was fighting wars on all sides, the French, the Dutch, the Ottomans, the Moors, the Barbary pirates, some German states. That's why Spain was in an economic deficit most of the time, it had territories everywhere in Europe. Once the Bourbons came and Spain left her European lands, Spain had an economic boom, and it recovered from many years of conflict.
There hasn't been a nation in europe that lasted and struggled for such a long time (almost 3 centuries) defending its territories against so many other nations with different battle front simultaneously. That is really formidable!They might be overlooked by today's historians particularly influenced by disinformation but there still much to read about the Spanish Empire and not only its negative deeds but also its many good achievements.
@@almirantevaltjen678 I'd say austria was close to it, they faced some of the same problems but in different ways, the reality is, while spain faced more enemies, they eventually lost it all, whereas it took an entire world war to finish off the habsburgs completely
They count as part of the Spanish Empire as well, the house of the habsburg Carlos V etc... all interlinked to Spaniards as well.
@@DrKarmo Spain was also overburdened with European territories, when the Bourbons came to power and they ceded the Spanish Netherlands and Spanish Italy, Spain could properly focus on building up trade between itself and her American Viceroyalties.
"The aguila had landed." Niceee
Its like the storm was waiting there for the next armada to destroy
very enjoyable and funny
that quote killed me
Armadagedon... Duran Duran jokes... you guys need a vacation. :D :D ;)
You didn’t include the battle of San Juan. 😢
Ni la Batalla del golfo Almeria...y mas derrotas inglesas.
"A certain skill called 'strategy'"
Born and Bred Plymouth boy, so much great history in my city! Awesome stuff
The map is wrong.
Bournemouth was not a town in the 16th century,it was more likely to be the old Port of Poole which had and has a sheltering Harbour.
This is really random but I've never seen Portugal as pink before, it's always green or blue in maps/games, regardless amazing video as always
The Reflex-Flex-Flex-Flex-Flex
:-D
Does anyone know the sources for this video?
Why is the thumbnail using the image of Britain and Spain moving towards each other? It looks so odd thought I was seeing things for a while
Highlighting
is portugal it's own superfast moving tectonic plate?
In this thumbnail, yes
Hahahaha. This one is full of cheeky jokes. Awesome. Ausgezeichnet.
48:54 it says de aguila not de Austria
Hey Kings and Generals, I have a suggestion I want you to do a series whether it’s week by week or something else, can you do the Great War or World War I series since it’s going to be 110 years since WWI began? That’ll be incredible to see besides Indy Neidell’s Great War coverage since 2014-2018. Please let me know what you think and thank you.
I love how the title is a jab to the lingering triumphalism between both sides... Way to go, K&G!
Armadageddon 😂
I think you meant rounds per minute, not rounds per hour. 8:55
Sources are claiming it was per hour. Apparently only by the Napoleonic times, we have reached the per minute marker.
@@KingsandGenerals I looked it up some more and although there is some conflicting accounts (I guess from developing tactics at the time), the focus was on fixed emplacements with bigger guns faced forward. They would then go in, engage with the front guns, rotate to allow the others and then backed off. Seems then they would reload often from the outside of the ship which is just nuts in my view. That would explain the slow reload, as its not a continuous broadside to broadside engagement. The main focus was on boarding, the cannons were mostly to disable or soften them.
What are the chances of running into so many storms 😓
Your brain like other organs has a job to do. Don’t eat for a long time, your stomach will make noises, just doing its job. If your brain doesn't have work to focus on, it worries about problems that don't exist. Focus on success. Put your powerful mind to work.
Which problem doesn't exist?
What a complete fuster cluck.
Adverse weather or bad weather?
How many hints does one need to get to see your endeavor won't work xD.