Depends on how you exactly want to define processes, but there are also the methods of using shaped rollers and drawing material through a forming die. Both are still widely used today, as they have for several centuries.
Read of African villagers who have specialized in drawing wire from smelted iron for some time. I don't have the source off hand. I think it was documented by Laurens Van der Post, but I can't remember which tribe(s). First step was to hammer a long enough blank to draw through successively smaller bored holes in a hard rock. I think the rock was flint.
Forging has also evolved quite a bit. We made some accessory machines for brass fitting manufacturer. They basically heat up a brass slug till it's red hot and then it is slammed into final shape by hydraulic press. It's technically forced casting of solid metal. I guess everything is fluid if you really really want it to be :)
I work at a Steel foundry in Germany and I worked on the so called "recipient" where the hot mass is inserted and the "stamp" which presses the material throu the die. It is a really interesting process to build a recipient. In there are multiple sleeves and heating elements. And cooling too...There is shrinking with nitrogen and heating with Ofens involved, everything weights minimum 1 ton to max 32 ton (because of Crane-weight limitations)...I miss the job sometimes but it was really dangerous. Slinging giant, 400 degrees hot metal cylinder all over the place goes alright 99 times... untill it doesn't.
because extrusions today are heavily dependent upon the alloy, like all extrusions. But today more so they have really advanced alloys. recommend to watch the engineering guy on cans extrusions.
@@theluxurypergola Years ago, when I used to dabble in electronics projects, I always wondered how extruded aluminium heatsinks were made. "surely", I thought "they cannot be squeezing aluminium through a nozzle to make that shape". I assumed that extrusion has other meanings, and that was how they made those heatsinks. I gradually got to know that metal extrusion is a fairly well established thing. And thanks to your video, it added details to satisfy the 'brain itch' that I have had for years.
technically, i would classify extrusion as a form of forging... just pushing it out rather than into a die... iunno, the bit that always gets me is how they get the interior sections. i can deal with pipe. thats easy. but when theres multiple cores?
It is very mind boggling how that works. We have to do that with a lot of our parts. The die is made into multiple stages that separate the metal into sections, then it gets pushed back together into one solid piece towards the final stage. It's wild how extruders design dies like that.
I had a play dough machine as a kid that would extrude hollow sections. The center die was held behind the main hole a bit back from the exit hole by spokes or a spider and the dough rebonded as it went past the center die.
Hey hey, what was all that Ironical and subtle Humour ? . . . did you go study in England or France or something?. :) I found this a very interesting view, AND rather amusingly funny in parts.
It's a little tricky how that works. The die has multiple layers of shapes that get formed. The earlier stages form out the inner chambers, then the later stages form the outer. Through this process, the metal will actually get split into multiple pieces then squished back together.
lets imagine an A letter...at the front(output), the die only have the big A shape without triangle shape...then billet is place between die at the front,and hydraulic pushing system at the back... the hydraulic have 2 moving shaft ...let say inner and round outer shaft to do the pushing...the inner shaft with triangle shape will extend 1st and punch hole (triangle hollow) in the centre of the billet..the triangle shaft extend untill it pass through die at the front and it stops there.. then the outer round shaft will push the remaining billet towards the die...
I don't think saying FDM 3d printers use an extrusion process is accurate. I think it would be more accurate to say they use a "targeted-deposition" process.
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Shoutout to the luxury pergola channel for randomly producing some of the best obscure engineering history videos on UA-cam.
The only coment and the only one needed
Appreciate that, and thanks for watching!
Really put the importance of tool and die shops into perspective. Maybe do a video detailing the process of getting a custom extrusion made!
I worked in a machine shop that specialized in extrusion screws. I learned a lot. The owner was harsh but so informative.
@ they all are lol. there's a reason why they work with metal instead of people!
this is the kind of content that comes out of a million sub channel. loved watching this video alot!
Thank you! We really appreciate it and have a pretty talented team here.
Depends on how you exactly want to define processes, but there are also the methods of using shaped rollers and drawing material through a forming die. Both are still widely used today, as they have for several centuries.
*"...drawing material through a forming die."* Wire making is an example.
Read of African villagers who have specialized in drawing wire from smelted iron for some time. I don't have the source off hand. I think it was documented by Laurens Van der Post, but I can't remember which tribe(s). First step was to hammer a long enough blank to draw through successively smaller bored holes in a hard rock. I think the rock was flint.
Forging has also evolved quite a bit. We made some accessory machines for brass fitting manufacturer. They basically heat up a brass slug till it's red hot and then it is slammed into final shape by hydraulic press. It's technically forced casting of solid metal. I guess everything is fluid if you really really want it to be :)
That's sounds awesome! I would love to see that.
Cool video 👍
I genuinely thought this channel would have a million subscribers based on this videos quality😮
Thank you! Some day, right? 😆
Great stuff
sick video
I used to work at a place that extruded zirconium for nuclear fuel rod cladding and this video was fun reminder of that. good stuff
That's really cool. I'm sure the processes and tolerances for that kind of application were very impressive. It's amazing how much stuff is extruded.
I work at a Steel foundry in Germany and I worked on the so called "recipient" where the hot mass is inserted and the "stamp" which presses the material throu the die.
It is a really interesting process to build a recipient. In there are multiple sleeves and heating elements. And cooling too...There is shrinking with nitrogen and heating with Ofens involved, everything weights minimum 1 ton to max 32 ton (because of Crane-weight limitations)...I miss the job sometimes but it was really dangerous. Slinging giant, 400 degrees hot metal cylinder all over the place goes alright 99 times... untill it doesn't.
That sounds INTENSE! I'd love to see that process, but it certainly sounds dangerous.
because extrusions today are heavily dependent upon the alloy, like all extrusions. But today more so they have really advanced alloys.
recommend to watch the engineering guy on cans extrusions.
I'll check it out! We'll have to make a video on alloys in the near future.
Fascinating. Nuff said.
Thank you! We agree that it is fascinating!
@@theluxurypergola Years ago, when I used to dabble in electronics projects, I always wondered how extruded aluminium heatsinks were made. "surely", I thought "they cannot be squeezing aluminium through a nozzle to make that shape". I assumed that extrusion has other meanings, and that was how they made those heatsinks. I gradually got to know that metal extrusion is a fairly well established thing. And thanks to your video, it added details to satisfy the 'brain itch' that I have had for years.
That's fantastic! I'm glad we can help scratch that brain itch :)
technically, i would classify extrusion as a form of forging... just pushing it out rather than into a die...
iunno, the bit that always gets me is how they get the interior sections. i can deal with pipe. thats easy. but when theres multiple cores?
It is very mind boggling how that works. We have to do that with a lot of our parts. The die is made into multiple stages that separate the metal into sections, then it gets pushed back together into one solid piece towards the final stage. It's wild how extruders design dies like that.
I had a play dough machine as a kid that would extrude hollow sections. The center die was held behind the main hole a bit back from the exit hole by spokes or a spider and the dough rebonded as it went past the center die.
I've been calling extrusion , a linear forging for years . And it's like baseball , you can look this statement up .
maybe u could hv shown a die shaping the extrusion for a cylindrical or some prismatic shape
0:53 need to get that over to the lockpicking lawyer, pronto to verify this......
😂 I should have added that the inventor "claimed" it was unpickable "at the time".
Not sure how well his claim would hold up today.
@@theluxurypergola 😁 still, any excuse for making another video is a good thing, right?
Hey hey, what was all that Ironical and subtle Humour ? . . . did you go study in England or France or something?.
:)
I found this a very interesting view, AND rather amusingly funny in parts.
The word 'Extrusion' now sounds very strange after watching this video.
I don't understand what the die must look like to create the extrusion at the start, it's like a stencil with no support for the letters 🤔
It's a little tricky how that works. The die has multiple layers of shapes that get formed. The earlier stages form out the inner chambers, then the later stages form the outer. Through this process, the metal will actually get split into multiple pieces then squished back together.
lets imagine an A letter...at the front(output), the die only have the big A shape without triangle shape...then billet is place between die at the front,and hydraulic pushing system at the back... the hydraulic have 2 moving shaft ...let say inner and round outer shaft to do the pushing...the inner shaft with triangle shape will extend 1st and punch hole (triangle hollow) in the centre of the billet..the triangle shaft extend untill it pass through die at the front and it stops there.. then the outer round shaft will push the remaining billet towards the die...
I don't think saying FDM 3d printers use an extrusion process is accurate. I think it would be more accurate to say they use a "targeted-deposition" process.
That's the D in FDM. The extrusion thing is a misconception due to the thing that pushes the filament being called the extruder