Mini geared stepper motor test and teardown.
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- Опубліковано 26 лют 2015
- The little stepper motors featured in the video are readily available on ebay for just £1 (about $1.50 USD). They also have matching drivers which are just a simple circuit based on a ULN2003 seven stage darlington driver. The driver board takes the logic level signals from an Arduino or microcontroller and buffers them up to allow switching of up to 500mA per channel.
The motors have five connections. A common positive and four windings that when pulled to the negative rail in sequence cause the output of the motor to rotate.
The motor is geared for higher resolution and torque, and also has a slip-clutch that prevents damage if the output is forced round or jammed.
These motors seem to be used in air conditioning units to give positional control and sweep options on the air outlet vents. They generally just wind in one direction at start up, slipping at the end of travel until the time taken to reset from a fully open to closed position has been achieved. This means that no matter where the louvre started, it will always be in a known open or closed position. And from there the controller only needs to move it back and forth with known numbers of pulses to position it anywhere or even pan it back and forth.
The motor in this video is rated for 5V and draws just 120mA per winding.
To test it I wrote a small machine code (assembler) routine for a PIC12F629 microcontroller that had some simple loops and delays to provide the required positioning pulses. It winds the vent open for a fixed length of time and then oscillates it back and forth with a short delay at each end of the travel.
Naturally I was suggested this video by YT after my stepper motor comment in the "Pink Clam" video 😂 I love serendipity.
I'm glad you took the motor apart. I "know" how things work, based on principal, but I've always been that guy who had to take it even further and dissect my electronics. Got me into a lot of trouble as a kid, hah.
After watching this though I realized that I may be obsessed with motors in general... 🤔
I just cant get enough of your videos.
I have learned quite a lot watching you, Thanks for doing them.
I second this comment, I know I have watched some of them in the past, always worth a second view, maybe a few if something goes sideways!
I have worked with installing and repairing AC's/air heat pumps. (Here in Sweden they are mostly used for heating...) It was pretty much always a fan motor, some problem with one of the circuit boards or the valve used to swith between heating and cooling.
The circuit boards was just quicker and cheaper to replace the whole board instread of searching for and replacing one component.
Anyway, I think I have replaced one of those sweeping stepper motors once, and then we had to send it back to the manufacturer as it was a guarantee job and they needed it for "analysis".
Nice to see what's inside one of those, never had the chance to take one apart.
Another use for stepper motors that many people come into contact with are physical-reel slot machines such as the Bally 5500, IGT S+ and IGT S2000 (Vision) slot machines.
i tried to lift a filled 1.5L PET bottle with a piece of string using full step drive method.
no problems at all.
a tiny motor with so much strength, can really built some interesting with it.
I've got a good supply of broken printers so my stepper motors collection is growing nicely.
;-)
You got lucky.
You and me both...
Nice detail about the clutch. I didn't know about that part.
I guess you covered it all, but the motor is also usable with bipolar drivers.
I guess it could if you just left the positive common wire disconnected. It would present a higher winding impedance though. The air conditioning units usually just use the ULN2003 or 2803 or even just discrete transistors. It's a nice simple way to drive a stepper.
Swann also use those geared stepper motors for their PRO-750 PTZ camera
Pulsing 1 2 3 4 is called wave drive and there is something called full step drive where you activate two adjacent windings at the same time to get more torque
Just so damned clever and only a quid or so complete with driver!
COGS ! Very quaint indeed.
Tnis is actually how the steppers in FTIR instruments work. To save cost there is no "zero" indicator. Instead the software moves the motor all the way to the end and then some, letting the motor "slip" . After that time it knows it will be a zero position. From that point it can then count steps to go to a known position
Those are in lots of things, such as laminators, mirror ball rotators, motorised projection screens etc.
Rather like the old synchronous clock motors except that they had only 1 coil.
Those look like good coils for spoofing magstripe readers and maybe rfid..
Got that same Breadboard PSU combo. My PSU came with a fair bit of corrosion on it.
Poor shipment. There can be moisture condensation in the cargo bay of planes.
Hi Clive! I really enjoy all of your videos. I've been subscribed for a few months now. You have a fantastic wealth of knowledge.
I do have a question about this sample circuit you've made with a PIC 12. I work in IT as a network architect, but I'm totally new to microcontrollers. I've been poking around looking for information on how to get started with a PIC chip. But I wanted to ask if you used a PIC Kit or similar device to program the IC?
+Peter Trom The easiest way to get started with PICs is to use either a PicKit3 or PicStart plus. Both supplied by the same company that makes the chips and very affordable.
Have you considered the Arduino platform? It's even easier to get started with.
Thank you for your prompt reply! I have not had any personal experience with an Arduino. I will definitely look into it! Thank you for your guidance!
All the best,
Peter
+Peter Trom Arduino is the thing for microcontrollers really with loads of tutorials on youtube and is totally open source, meaning you can buy the un-programmed chips and make your own version, if you wish.
But as an alternative there are also the PICAXE chips which are programmed with a version of BASIC, however, you have to buy the preprogrammed chips, so is not really open source like the arduino.
www.picaxe.com/
UK based but available round the world. Cheap, easily programmed - not the fastest PIC in the world but great forum and documentation.
I've got a similar looking stepper, but says 6v 10ohms (part number 20BYJ01-160HR).. however the motor drivers I've seen all have a trim pot to adjust the vref until it corresponds to the maximum current you want to drive. But I can't find any datasheet on the motor, so how do you know how much current it can take? Or the number of steps per revolution? And what happens if I apply 8v-24v instead of the 6v?
How did you figure out the air conditioner application, and where did you find the matching air conditioner diverter duct?
+John Rehwinkel From a dead dehumidifier.
🤔 I wonder if you use that to rotate a lamp
Hey Big Clive, the only motor I've seen that is close to or pretty much could be identical in some ways of size is the ones used in a microwave oven for the turning plate. They have a geared end on them instead of that flat style like those & turn completely around of coarse but have you ever noticed that when you restart the oven it starts up in the opposite direction? Why do you think that is, or what causes that to reverse itself once stopped like that? Thank you for your time BC, Tom.
Microwave turntable motors are synchronous motors. They rotate at a speed determined by the mains frequency and the basic units have no particular direction. If you stall them they will just kick off in the opposite direction. To get direction you either need two windings with a phase shift (capacitor) or a mechanical latch that physically stalls the motor if it goes in the wrong direction.
OK, now that makes sense because at first I was thinking surely they would have a capacitor used for filtering if nothing else, so now I understand without it how it just changes rotation, thank you BC, Tom.
show us how to build the pic controller or pwm like 555 timer to drive the stepper ?
as im thinking of driving some fruit machine reels with it as they have 4p 6 wire motors and i can try to convert them to 4 wire plus gnd
This is what you will find attached to the programmer of a BENDIX washing machine if the programmer is of the mechanical type.
My mrs is playing hell with me because I am buying 'junk' as she refers to my purchases off ebay- oh and the postie is pissed off as well as nearly all chinese vendors want a signature because of "oh it didn't arrive culture " hahaha loving it! gonna buy you a coffee next pension day!
link for motor?
Hey Clive, there are 5V and 12V versions available of the 28BYJ-48. I can't seem to find real data in terms of torque, noise, speed etc. What would you recommend for a DIY motorized blinds? Not sure if I'd need to use bipolar or unipolar either.
You might find these little motors are too weak and slow for blinds.
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Nice! Is it also possible to make the motor spin without using code?
If you could sequence the channels using something like a 4017 and ULN2807 driver you could make it rotate.
Hi i am new to motors and electronics loved your video i am trying to make a shop window display where puppets are waving using fishing wire over a pulley and on to a wiper motor the wiper motor is loud do you know what the best way to improve on this would be thanks
A wiper motor might not be the best option. Many of the puppet displays use a small mains powered motor with an offset cam that pulls lots of wires attached to it simultaneously. But of you do end up using the wiper motor you can reduce the noise and speed by using a lower voltage to run it.
ok that's great thank you i would prefer not to use the wiper motor would say a disco ball motor be the sort of motor you mean, also i have know i idea how a cam would work is there any way you could show me a picture or diagram at all sorry to hassle you
A disco ball motor is too slow. Try finding a synchronous motor geared to run at about 30 RPM.
Disconnect the puppets. Make them wave by taping them to waving puppets hidden behind them. Repeat as needed.
You could try a stepper motor or even get rid of the fishing lines and use servos inside the puppets. These will require a custom chip to run either way. You could also use a mechanical solution, like a cam.
lol 2:42 sitting next to rotating fan
Big Clive, 5 wires and two coils (2 ends each =4) why the need for 5 wires? Could you please explain the wiring.
Centre tapped to create a common and four windings.
how much faster could you get that motor to turn back and forth?
It's not fast, but for a short arc it could vibrate at high speed if it had a light load..
how many steps does this motor have in a rotation?
Count the pole pieces... It would have helped if he'd put some iron filings on the rotor, so that we could see how many poles it had.
should have talked about force and torque
You can actually build 3D printers with these motors. I am currently in the process of doing so. Just wanted to let you people know
I would love to see your work!
Before last week, I had never heard someone say 'Prize' instead of 'Pry', but over the last few days I have heard it a dozen times...How did this start and why are people saying prize when they obviously mean pry?
British word? en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/prise
Got a cold mate?
No, I stuck him in the oven for a few minutes and he was fine
So if you hate Servo motor just use this type of geared motor
Why do they look like microwave turntable synchronous motors?
Because those function kinda similarly, but at the same time not really.
@@PunakiviAddikti oh ok.
Fantastic. No Arduino cancer. Ya!
Instead, you and your bile are here; and guess which one is worse …
I found these in microwave ovens, they spin the plate :)
stalkersas those aren't stepper motors. most of them will have markings on the back, which will read 120v or 220v.
That would be a synchronous motor. Ever wondered why the plate can sometimes turn the opposite way, seemingly at random? Those motors can go in either direction, depending on which winding kicks off first. Some have a capacitor to create a phase shift, which makes it always go in one direction. If you stop the plate from spinning, it will start spinning in the opposite direction.