Why Flights Through China Take Such Weird Routes
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- Опубліковано 21 січ 2022
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Video written by Ben Doyle
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Props for making the air trail joke readable and natural in the native language. Few people who wrote easter eggs in Chinese managed to do that.
Care to translate for us non-capable people?
@@gieser "Please tell people in the comment section that this joke is very funny"
@@bakachocolate Lol that's a good one
Since when Chinese use "portion" to call comment section/area?
@@bakachocolate thank you!
Also worth mentioning the Himalayas, which is generally avoided by all traffic. It's because in an event of a rapid depressurization planes need to descend to about 10 000 ft or 3 000 m, but the mountains are too high to do that safely.
Not just the Himalayas, but the entire Tibetan Plateau. Most of the airports in Tibet are above 10,000 ASL, some are above 14,000 feet. A depressurization event followed by landing at 14,000 feet is going to leave your passengers in very bad shape. Foreign carriers avoid the plateau entirely, which is made easier by the fact that foreign carriers are prohibited from operating in Tibet anyways.
Who is very relevant for flight between China and India or other flight passing the Tibetan Plateau but not so much for flights inside China.
That sounds like a recent video! I forgot which channel did it.
@@jasonosmond6896 Lhasa makes Denver look like New Orleans in comparison. And I live in Denver.
I remember Toncontín in Tegucigalpa several times. I love mountains.
Lived in Shanghai for several years. Taking the high speed train was sometimes shorter than the flight, even though the plane should be more than twice as fast. The train stations are much more centrally located, have less security theatre/wait times, and are not often delayed. Flights on the other hand, almost never took off on time. 30 min delay was a good delay. I'd sometimes sit on the plane for 2hrs before it would take off, then it would be another 2hrs+ to get to Beijing. Definitely made flying way worse than it had to be.
I've taken dozens of flights out of Shanghai and I somehow always end up arriving at the airport at the departure time and yet I've never missed a flight. The ticket counter always gave me shit for being so late, but you work here, dont you know your dang flights rarely depart on time?
Airports are usually located far from city centers, further than many train stations, so that's a factor too.
I flew often for work. After 9/11 almost all US flights added 15 to 45 minutes to their schedules to make them look good as being on time.
Weird. I've experienced more canceled trains than delayed flights. I almost missed a flight because of a last minute cancellation.
Did you say security theater?
When flying domestic in China, you get delayed by the fact air traffic control is indeed controlled by the military but also the fact that they there is a hierarchy to which flights go first: international first, then flights to Beijing, then flights to other larger cities, then the rest... And then it depends on the airline. Some airlines like Spring airlines which is super budget seems to be making money by selling some of its takeoff slots to other more premium airlines. Airlines least likely to be delayed are Hainan and Juneyao. Also never take last flight of the day if you can avoid it
Also, Beijing gives priority to Air China flights, typically because many important individuals in China fly with Air China, and the airport needed to ensure their schedule first.
Yes, that's why more people prefer taking high speed trains nowadays, even if it takes about 4-5 hours from Beijing to Shanghai, compared to 1.5-2 hours flight.
@@HM-he1ob Often HSR is much faster when u include the hassle of going through airport and security check ins
they should replace the wavy airpaths with closing the passenger windows when flying over restricted places. airplane staff are trusted to keep quiet about such places.
@@SamSitar honestly if you have something you want to hide you shouldn't entrust random people with it. that's the key to keeping something a secret
laughed so hard at the airplane doing a chinese phrase
the phrase actually means
"this joke is funny"
"Please tell people in the comment section that this joke is really funny."
@@randomanimefan1000 Believe in JESUS today, confess and repent of your sins. No one goes to heaven for doing good but by believing in JESUS who died for our sins. GOD loves you soo much unconditionally.😍😚😘
@@alunesh12345 hahaaahahahaha that's a good joke mate
@@alunesh12345 I don’t think god would like you to spread his religion, he wants people to learn but not by force.
@@alunesh12345 wanna hear a joke
islam
Convoluted air space in China makes high speed train lines more popular.
I am being humble when I am telling you that I am the most powerful strongest coolest smartest most famous greatest funniest Y*uTub3r of all time! That's the reason I have multiple girlfriends and I show them off all the time! Bye bye vec
why is there always a youtube rubbish bots epidemic
Also, trains are more effecient, thus cheaper.
Holy shit I thought you were taken prisoner in NK, as you haven't uploaded since your trip there and documentary.
@@godfather7339 the bad routes of planes in China help trains alot
I’m a pilot working in China, in fact some of those military airspace are sometimes open to civilian aircrafts, if there’s no military activity in side that airspace, or sometimes even there is on going military activity, it’s still negotiable, the civil aviation ATC will negotiate with military controllers. Sometimes they approve sometimes they don’t. The biggest inconvenience for me is the open time of those airspace is not transparent, the ATC or some departments of the operators may sometimes know the plan of their military activity, but we as pilots most of the time aren’t able to get those information, thus adjust our expectations or even flight plans. I’ve been flying in France for 1-2 years and they have a lot of restricted airspace too, some of those are military airspace, but their pilots are able to know the exact time of opening or closure of those airspace through the NOTAMs, which we don’t have here in China. I kind of get it that is to protect their military secrets, but for me this is really causing inconvenience & threats, sometimes even danger, to civil aviation here.
3:34 "Mouse themed swamp"
Glad someone recognizes Florida for what it is.
The flight restriction over Disney ends at 3000 feet. It’s actually easy to fly over and see the fireworks
I did videos proving Pissney is of the devil.
@@scintillam_dei Literally a conspiracy theorist in the comments lol
@@scintillam_dei Believe in JESUS today, confess and repent of your sins. No one goes to heaven for doing good but by believing in JESUS who died for our sins. GOD loves you soo much unconditionally.😍😚😘
I think that it’s crazy how a single company has a no flight zone, also no respect for you for using the imperial system
@@remaks8405 Feet is universal when it comes to aviation. Every country uses feet for altitude with regards to aviation. Only a few countries like China, Russia and a few others use meters to measure altitude.
I actually loved the ad at the end. I've long suspected this channel was just a bet to see how much stock footage you could use but I was a bit off. Real power move by the sponsor though, lol.
Agree, it's among the best fitting product placement/ads in the history of UA-cam
Yeah that's so badass and I was wondering where it is all coming from I know alot of channels do this it's cool with me
I'd rather stare at a chart, diagram, or even a public domain photo from Wikipedia than see boring, meaningless stock footage. The race to pump out content has caused video production quality to increase at the expense of real content.
@@DemPilafian go checkout wendover then. Sam is pretty cool, way better than this guy.
Okay, for the first time, I truly enjoyed the sponsored piece. Laughed out loud really! Good job!
You’ll certainly hear the announcement “the flight xxx is cancelled/delayed due to air traffic control” at all airports, that’s really common and happens all the time at all airports I’ve been to in China
I lived in Shanghai for a couple of years and can vouch for the terrible air passenger experience. A relative came out to visit me once and their flight was delayed by over 8 hours! Got diverted to Xiamen. Zero communication from the ground team.
Yeah there’s virtually no reason to ever take a plane over the train in China, flying in China is just the most miserable experience vs. trains in China being some of the best
ITSUX is my favourite five letter designated waypoint. It’s somewhere over the North Sea on the boundary of Scottish and Danish airspace.
If I ran the FAA, I'd make an ILS waypoint "FUKKD." Better yet, the back course; then ATC could say "Delta 431, report 'FUKKD' for the back course."
URADK for me
@@bcubed72 I imagine there might be FOAKD "First of a kind"
Just don't get too close to waypoint CRASH.
@@asliceofcheese9989 BALZZ
Now it all adds up I never understood why china is so keen on making all the fast-moving trains and how they are so profitable compared to cross-country flights.
Same here bro. Typically there is a lot more infrastructure costs for trains to maintain ad clear snow of the tracks mean while airplanes just have fuel as the cost. BTw YOU CHANNEL IS SO UNDER RATED SUBBED.
Clever - love the multiple accounts to jumpstart the channel.
They're also really cheap to encourage people to use it
Well actually many of the Chinese high speed lines are losing lots of money, especially the longer ones, which are more of a political tool, to force integration of minorities with the Han Chinese by making these far flung places better connected. The line from Beijing to Urumqi doesn't even make enough money to cover the cost of the electricity.
Neither are profitable
I went to China in 2012 and in 2017. Both times there were minor and major delays waiting for planes. The shortest delay was 1 hour. The longest delay was 4 hours. The 4 hour one was such a pain because they kept saying they had to move which gate it was going to be at, but wouldn't say which one.
It's the same in the US airport. Delay and cancelled flight all the time. The worst is United Airlines.
Have a try for Chinese high speed train for under 600 miles travel
The weirdest route I ever saw in China doing this was KLM Flight 807 from Amsterdam to Taipei Taoyuan, it enters China, fly all the way south to Hong Kong, then makes an almost complete u-turn to the north-east direction to Taipei, this was pre-covid era before KLM shuffled their Asia flights.
Also, note-worthy, if you fly from the Philippines to some parts of China, like Beijing and Shanghai, you always fly avoiding Taiwanese airspace.
Taiwan would shoot down planes directly coming across the strait.
It must have something to do with taiwan-china tension, they simply avoid conflicted area to not doing the same on a certain Malaysian airline shootdown in Ukraine.
Also China bans all Taiwan flights going to Europe, or the Middle East from flying directly over China because of the one nation policy. China claims since the flights are not starting from the mainland it is not possible for Taiwanese carriers like China Airlines and EVA Air to operate flight to Europe over China. Those airlines have to detour, fly further south or before the Russia invasion of Ukraine go above, into Russian territory and then down to Europe.
By regulation, if you are flying from / through Mainland China to Taiwan, you can only exit airspace controlled by PRC via either Shanghai FIR (Flight Information Region) or Hong Kong FIR.
That's why, even for flights between Fuzhou and Taipei, which are just across the strait, you have to fly north towards Shanghai, enter Shanghai FIR, before turning east into Taipei FIR.
I'm convinced that this was originally a serious Wendover project but then they realized they can have more fun by doing it on the HAI channel...
I agree
@@oadka Believe in JESUS today, confess and repent of your sins. No one goes to heaven for doing good but by believing in JESUS who died for our sins. GOD loves you soo much unconditionally.😍😚😘
This reply section is just funny lmao
I get bored to death by Wendover
@Hilda Kimina bot
4:43 the Chinese skywriting has asked me to tell the comments section that the joke is really funny
Thank you
Thanks :-)
4:11 fast forward to Q2 2022 and our fight routes look exactly like that... again D:
Fun fact: Until recently this meant the civil flight training was completely impossible, meaning that almost every commercial pilot in China is trained in either Australia, Europe or America. Including about 100 by me (all working for Sichuan or Eastern). Covid has, atleast for now put a stop to that.
Among us
That's not completely true. Civil flight training is too expensive in China and normally sponsored by airline companies, As for individuals, they choose to train abroad which is cheaper.
@@DigitalAlligator The training abroad is all under contract with airlines. Indivdual training in China is also non existant.
Many Chinese pilots are trained in South Africa!
There are civil flight schools in China, my grand parents worked in one of them. But they can't handle the large demand.
I traveled to China in 2019 and it's certainly gotten better. Many disused military airports have been converted to civilian airports which has made connections to smaller cities a lot more easier.
Still quite sketchy in my opinion, but last time I did domestic travel in China was 2016.
@AUDREY Try finding a real job before the police finds you
Someone talking about weird flight patterns....
London Stansted: Allow me to introduce myself.
@@OkarinHououinKyouma Ikr but it felt nice
@@Stevie-J what a weird take -- you need to be quiet and let the grown ups talk
Fun fact: the DUMMY waypoint at 1:47 is a real waypoint over Central Georgia.
So's INBRD
We have FAPIN in california
BGDDY pronounced “Big Daddy” somewhere near Tennessee
Say it on the r/flying subreddit
Atlanta has tons of inside joke names: SITTH, JJEDI, HOBTT, GNDLF, it goes on, especially if you like sports.
Outside Brisbane, Australia are waypoints LEAKY, BOATS and SIINK.
I'd love to see a video about Russia's new flight routes.
Check Wendover, you're welcome 😉
Circles?
Who would have thought that the routes mentioned from the Cold War would have to go into effect again only a month after that video was released.
Yes the joke at 4:43 was indeed very amusing
Believe in JESUS today, confess and repent of your sins. No one goes to heaven for doing good but by believing in JESUS who died for our sins. GOD loves you soo much unconditionally.😍😚😘
Dang that was an interesting joke
@@GhastlyHunger in the context of a joke, 有趣 means “amusing” rather than “interesting”
@@alunesh12345 ru bot
请在评论部分告诉人们这个笑话很有趣
Translated: Please tell people this joke is funny in the comments section
Disneyland "We don't want any airplanes because there's no dream in flying"
Peter Pan "Really man?"
Actually it's Disney WORLD in Florida that has a NO-FLY ZONE (check "Midway to Mainstream" YT video on the subject), not the smaller Disneyland in Anaheim, CA.
Sam shot Mary Poppins out of the sky... (probably Peter Pan would've escaped as he's way faster)
@@syxepop *Main Street
Ummm... WDW Delta Dreamflight. . .
It’s literally in the name ;p
@@syxepop Disneyland also has a permanent tfr
You’ve been getting better at finding the balance between jokes recently. I felt like for a bit it was a bit too much sometimes, but more recently the balance has been a lot better.
Sad to say it's still way to immature jokey for me. The whole Alabama inbred thing was just 80's teenage cringe and incredibly painful as it dragged on and on.
During the 'Cold War' era and even beyond, some airlines flying in or close to US Airspace also had to take very specific, less direct routes. For example Cubana Airways operated a flight from Havana to Montreal. They had to be careful for over a certain area of NY State due to a US military base and missile site. If strayed into it, future flights would be suspended.
4:43 Translates to "Please tell people in the comment section this joke is very funny"
Original text for those who want to translate it themselves: 请在评论部分告诉人们这个笑话很有趣
Damn, the joke that airplane wrote at 4:44 was hilarious!
What does it say?
@@NJX1 it translates to: "Please tell people that this joke is funny in the comment section"
Cnm
The most direct flight was this video's segue into their advertising segment.
There’s some more stuff that makes China’s airway restrictions even more absurd in places. To begin with, there are actually two classes of aeronautical charts for civilian use: one allowed for foreigners and one with more waypoints and airspace allowed for actual Chinese pilots who have sworn to not leak them (that would be most of them, sure). This is probably the #1 reason for abject lack of publicity-available info about where planes can fly.
Now you are gonna ask, “aren’t they gonna figure out anyways with FR24”? Yes, but they seriously hunt down people who run ADS-B and maritime AIS receivers at home with Cold War charges. Many HAM groups have distanced themselves from this perfectly altruistic activity out of fear.
Tying onto the previous GCJ-02 episode, there is actually a map regulation controlling what airports you can show on a map. Again incredibly masturbatory: it’s right there! Airports are designed to be seen from the sky, so satellites are gonna see em!
This is a bit like old Ordnance Survey maps in the UK. Military bases and other sensitive sites would show a blank white space with an outline but no text. I think we did this up until the early 20th century, when aerial photography became possible.
Of course the fact that the blank space, often with urban areas around stood out like a sore thumb didn't help. I live near a naval base and the old maps I've seen show the outline of the land by the harbour, with straight lines that are obviously manmade wharves and docks. I've no doubt the French navy knew as much about what was going on as anyone living near the base!
I thought they were control freaks.
Turns out is is full blown paranoïa.
Fancy seeing you here dude!
@@musaran2 Pretty much, and it's in every strata of their government right now, explaining to folks that the surge in the CCP re-regulating all their industries is hard since most folks can't fathom the idea of a government being THAT controlling and paranoid.
@@musaran2 the thing is many Chinese people like parental behaviour from the government. Whenever things go wrong, people blame the government for not doing things about it. So the government just ended up taking over more and more random stuff with the people pleased of ‘finally, a competent government that would do something’
"Divorce escape pod"
I love this channel.
“During the Cold War” … oh here we go again 😂
Ah yes, the strange flight routs during the cold war, glad we are past that nonsence
Yeah lol, I went straight to checking the time this video was posted after that bit :D
As an air traffic controller, you did a great job with this episode. Great explanations about routes and waypoints.
The joke at 4:44 was fire 🔥
0:17. I'm convinced. I am pausing the video and I am going to devote the next 3-9 months to get a pilot's licence. Wish me luck.
Good luck
How's the hustle looking?
This popped after the CES flight crash is eerie
I was told about Chinese airspace by pilot friends in Hong Kong years ago, but this was a cool detailed explanation about that, thank you.
cant wait for them to make visible plane roads
They did, it's called high speed railway system.
We already have plain roads. On the plains.
@@Carewolf plane highways would be so much cooler though
They made artificial sun, pretty sure this one is possible for them
@@TheGamingAlong didn’t the project get canceled after all the backlash they got around the world? Same for the artificial moon they tried a few years ago.
A 3 hour 10 minute nap is one of the most perfect description for how I feel on planes.
Aaaand now the flight path to Tokyo is the same as during Cold War
POV - you're watching this on the same day a chinese flight crashed, because of the algorithm I suppose?
What happens if a plane in China calls mayday? Does China scramble fighter jets to escort the civilian plane as it flies in restricted airspace? Are they expected to handle emergency in a narrow corridor?
Woudn't be surprised either way
from the semi-documentary movie 中国机长, the mayday is reported to the air force, and they give civil aviation authority temporary jursidiction over any airspace needed, and pull out any units doing training there. After the emergency is resolved the air force resumes control. If the military needed that airspace for actual warfare, well then I have no clue.
A mayday will be ok. But say if you have thunder storm ahead, and you want to divert? No way!
In a Communist country, May Day is a time for celebration. Workers unite!
@@TheeGrumpy Wait what, I thought mayday was some kind of airline disaster?
2:25 you messed up the order
Chinese here. The reason why our airway system is like this is because our government is really sensitive about geographical information, and dont want foreign entities to get a hold of China's landscape layout. The map you see on Google Maps is actually provided by government backed companies. Those coordinates are skewed several hundered meters. You can still use gps navigation in China l, because there're servers that run secret algoritms to convert real world coordinates to skewed coordinates. Only government has the accurate geographic data.
There's a bit of history involved in why our government goes about such length to protect geo data. Years before WWII, Japan's government began mapping China's vast landscape in preparation for war to occupy China. Some say that began 50 years before WWII when Japan finally eexecuted their plan. Nowadays, protecting geo data is mainly to protect us from precision air strikes.
one of the first thing i noticed on google earth , but countries that need to know the exact cord will get it regardless .. kinda pointless imo .
This is legitimately the first time I said, "Wow, I need to check out the sponsor ASAP", when I watched a UA-cam video to kill time. I definitely want to find out more about where you get the great stock video clips you use. That sounds sarcastic, but I actually have been impressed over the years because I know it is not easy to get a wide variety of stock video.
Planes!!!!!
@Just wow Muhammad was a false prophet
A brick is a type of block used to build walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction. Properly, the term brick denotes a block composed of dried clay, but is now also used informally to denote other chemically cured construction blocks. Bricks can be joined using mortar, adhesives or by interlocking them.[1][2] Bricks are produced in numerous classes, types, materials, and sizes which vary with region and time period, and are produced in bulk quantities.
Block is a similar term referring to a rectangular building unit composed of similar materials, but is usually larger than a brick. Lightweight bricks (also called lightweight blocks) are made from expanded clay aggregate.
Fired bricks are one of the longest-lasting and strongest building materials, sometimes referred to as artificial stone, and have been used since circa 4000 BC. Air-dried bricks, also known as mudbricks, have a history older than fired bricks, and have an additional ingredient of a mechanical binder such as straw.
Bricks are laid in courses and numerous patterns known as bonds, collectively known as brickwork, and may be laid in various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together to make a durable structure.
The OG
Yes, yes, give me more brick comments
You made me scroll to the bottom expecting government secrets
FAKE NEWS!!!
Robert, I'd like to request more information about bricks as a measurement unit for stress and panic, as in, "shitting bricks".
The sponsor message for this one has me convinced that the sole purpose of HAI from the beginning was for Sam to produce an extremely long, somewhat subtle infomercial for Storyblocks' stock footage/picture services.
Congrats on reaching 2 Million subs HAI guy! I'm sure you and the Wendover guy are celebrating this moment!
5:05 That's why high-speed rail exists.
"my SAM site operators' fingers get a little twitchy when there's too many planes around."
- a base commander between waypoints A and B
Wow this aged well
I live in the Disney no-fly zone! Some guy flew a drone around when that whole craze started and had to turn it over for it and its recordings to be checked.
1:56 just googled it and that waypoint is in Florida
Just saying, as an Alabamian, those jokes got reeeeeeeeeal old a long time ago, so it’s worth noting that one isn’t even ours 😂
4:08 Little did you know that *cold war II* was about to make flights look like that again...
Congrats on two million subs! This has been a long time in the waiting, glad to be around to see it.
Good use of a Vekoma Hang 'n Bang for a metaphor of Chinese air routes
fun fact: the footage of the roller coaster seen at 0:37 is a ride called "Freedom Flyer". Making the stock footage a Easter egg in a video with a stock footage sponsor is definitely a next level joke.
The fact that we get free documentaries on UA-cam by Half as Interesting is truly a gift. 👍👍👍
I love the use of the "ghost" from Scooby-do and the Boo Brothers.
That’s why, where possible, we prefer to use China’s amazing high speed rail network. If I need to go from Shanghai to Beijing (1,067km or 663 miles in a straight line) for example, I can get there is just over 4 hours on the high speed rail, as opposed to an hour taxi to the airport at each end, two hour prior arrival at the airport including security and waiting, and a 1.5 hour flight that will probably be delayed if I fly.
"Suggestively-shaped divorce-escape pod" is something I will take with me to the grave.
Flew from Shanghai to nyc once with a layover in Chongqing - would love a video explaining why they did this route
Because you paid for a budget ticket so they wanted to pick up passengers in Chongqing
Im a victim of UA-cam's sick sense of algorithm
Actually, the edge of space the end of national atmospheric jurisdiction is the Karman Line. It is the elevation at which aerodynamic flight becomes practically impossible due to the almost non-existent air density. Essentially every country in the world except the US recognises this boundary.
Kármán line
@@9HighFlyer9 That explains why the web search didn't pan out. I thought I remembered the name, but I only ever heard it spoken.
@@ckl9390 I figured you were using voice to text
Delta had a 747 that got stuck in a hailstorm in China while flying and couldn’t divert away from it. That plane ended up getting retired earlier than planned.
I wonder if higher fuel costs will change these routes. You'd think they would be saving fuel reserves.
I live in China and in 2014 I travelled a lot for fun via flight. Half the flights I booked were cancelled and it sucked
China's "civilian weather balloon" gets through all that without anyone noticing 😂 4:34
COLD WAR FLIGHTS ARE BACK BABY
A pencil is a kind of writing equipment that is also used to draw, usually on paper. Most pencil cores are made of graphite powder mixed with a clay binder. So, a pencil is usually made with a piece of graphite mixed with clay that has a wood case around it. The shape is usually a hexagonal prism but some pencils are square or cylinder.
Colored pencils are a kind that do not use greyish silver graphite. Instead, the core is colorful. Colored pencils or crayons are usually meant for drawing rather than writing.
The important difference between pens and pencils is that the tip of a pencil is made of solid graphite (or other material) which is rubbed off onto the paper. A pen has a tip, usually made of metal, with liquid ink coming out and onto the paper. Writing with a pen can smudge when it is still wet. Writing from a pencil can be erased, but writing from a pen usually cannot, unless it uses a special type of ink and eraser.
An early writing tool was the reed pen used by ancient Egyptians, who wrote with ink on sheets of papyrus paper.
Another early writing instrument was the stylus, which was a thin metal stick, often made from lead. It was used for scratching onto black wax that covered white wood, a method used by the Romans. The word pencil comes from the Latin word pencillus which means "little tail". It is an invention of the 16th century in England.
Some time before 1565 (it may have been as early as 1500), an enormous deposit of graphite was discovered in Borrowdale, Cumbria. The locals found that it was very useful for marking sheep. This particular deposit of graphite was extremely pure and solid, and it could easily be sawn into sticks. This is still the only large scale deposit of graphite ever found in this solid form. Chemistry was in its infancy and the substance was thought to be a form of lead. Consequently, it was called plumbago (Latin for "lead ore"). The black core of pencils is still referred to as lead, even though it never contained the element lead.
The value of graphite was soon realized, mainly because it could be used to line the moulds for cannonballs. The mines were taken over by the Crown and guarded. When sufficient stocks of graphite had been accumulated, the mines were flooded to prevent theft until more was required. Graphite had to be smuggled out for use in pencils. Because graphite is soft, it requires some form of holder. Graphite sticks were at first wrapped in string or in sheepskin for stability. The news of the usefulness of these early pencils spread far and wide, attracting the attention of artists all over the known world.
England continued to have a monopoly on the production of pencils until a method of reconstituting the graphite powder was found. The distinctively square English pencils continued to be made with sticks cut from natural graphite into the 1860s. The town of Keswick, near the original findings of block graphite, has a pencil museum.
The first attempt to manufacture graphite sticks from powdered graphite was in Nuremburg, Germany, in 1662. It used a mixture of graphite, sulphur, and antimony.
Residual graphite from a pencil stick is not poisonous, and graphite is harmless if consumed.
The Italians first thought of wooden holders. In 1560, an Italian couple named Simonio and Lyndiana Bernacotti created the first blueprints for the modern carpentry pencil to mark their carpentry pieces. Their version was instead a flat, oval, more compact type of pencil. They did this at first by hollowing out a stick of juniper wood. Shortly thereafter, a superior technique was discovered: two wooden halves were carved, a graphite stick inserted, and the two halves then glued together-essentially the same method in use to this day.
English and German pencils were not available to the French during the Napoleonic Wars. France was under naval blockade imposed by Great Britain and could not import the pure graphite sticks from the British Grey Knotts mines - the only known source in the world for solid graphite. France was also unable to import the inferior German graphite pencil substitute. It took the efforts of an officer in Napoleon's army to change this. In 1795, NicholasJacques Conté discovered a method of mixing powdered graphite with clay and forming the mixture into rods that were then fired in a kiln. By varying the ratio of graphite to clay, the hardness of the graphite rod could also be varied. This method of manufacture, which had been earlier discovered by the Austrian Joseph Hardtmuth of Kohl-l-Noh in 1790, remains in use.
In England, pencils continued to be made from whole sawn graphite. Henry Bessemer's first successful invention (1838) was a method of compressing graphite powder into solid graphite thus allowing the waste from sawing to be reused
American colonists imported pencils from Europe until after the American Revolution. Benjamin Franklin advertised pencils for sale in his Pennsylvania Gazette in 1729, and George Washington used a three-inch pencil when he surveyed the Ohio Territory in 1762. It is said that William Munroe, a cabinetmaker in Concord, Massachusetts made the first American wood pencils in 1812. This was not the only pencil-making occurring in Concord. Henry David Thoreau discovered how to make a good pencil out of inferior graphite using clay as the binder; this invention was prompted by his father's pencil factory in Concord, which employed graphite found in New Hampshire in 1821 by Charles Dunbar
On 30 March 1858, Hymen Lipman received the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil. In 1862 Lipman sold his patent to Joseph Reckendorfer for $100,000, who went to sue the pencil manufacturer Faber-Castell for infringement. In 1875 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Reckendorfer declaring the patent invalid.
The metal band used to mate the eraser with pencil is called a ferrule.
The first attempt to manufacture graphite sticks from powdered graphite was in Nuremberg, Germany in 1662. They used a mixture of graphite, sulfur and antimony. Though usable, they were not as good as the English pencils.
English and German pencils were not available to the French during the Napoleonic wars. It took the efforts of an officer in Napoleon's army to change this. In 1795 Nicholas Jacques Conté discovered a method of mixing powdered graphite with clay and forming the mixture into rods which were then fired in a kiln. By varying the ratio of graphite to clay, the hardness of the graphite rod could also be varied (the more clay, the harder the pencil, and the lighter the color of the mark). This method of making pencils is still used today.
Today, pencils are made industrially by mixing finely ground graphite and clay powders, adding water, forming long spaghetti-like strings, and firing them in a kiln. The resulting strings are dipped in oil or molten wax which seeps into the tiny holes of the material, resulting in smoother writing. A juniper or incense-cedar plank with several long parallel grooves is cut to make something called a slate, and the graphite/clay strings are inserted into the grooves. Another grooved plank is glued on top, and the whole thing is then cut into individual pencils, which are then varnished or painted.
A few common brands of colored pencils (among other items) are Crayola, RoseArt and Cra-Z-Art.
What.
Ok
@@jonasdatlas4668 pencil
you repeated the paragraph about napoleon
Thank you very much Mr. Cum
The cold war part aged either terribly or very well, depending on your perspective
Your videos always offer so much memes and Easter eggs, I can become an egg farmer by watching them.
Worth pointing out that Disney's private no-fly-zone is not from the surface to the underside of Bezos' orbiting lair. It's only up to 3,000 feet which is fairly silly unless you use a magic umbrella to fly.
Uhh....It is widely accepted that a countries borders extend up to the edge of the atmosphere to the karmen boundary at 62 miles.
At least we got a bezos dick joke out of this
in the past 6 years or so i watched exactly two in video ads (without muting or skipping): one from second thought a few weeks ago and this one here.
Definitely explains some of my zig-zagging flights over China that I was wondering about. Thanks!
Moscow-Kalingrad flights have an interesting route now, the detour is quite significant.
I assume via Petersburg over the Baltic sea?
2:44 The Karman Line, 100km (66Mi) ASL
My personal favorite GPS points are at EWR, the FAF for 4L “HOWYA” and 4R “DOOIN”
Fun fact, flying into Kissimmee or Orlando, and being routed by ATC on IFR flight plans, sometimes you will get routed over Disney. Usually above their 3000ft TFR, but sometimes lower.
Anyone who has taken a flight in China knows how frustrating it is to take a flight there. I would say 9/10 flights I've taken have been delayed. My friends who always seemed to pass through Shanghai would get marooned there for a night because flights would just get delayed for so long that they end up cancelled until the next day. I would often arrive places hours after I was supposed to arrive. Flying in China is a 3/10 experience. I just like that all the airlines give free meals, even on domestic short haul flights, and the airlines have a good track record of almost no accidents.
Also the joke written in the sky was really funny!
It’s all fine if the delay’s less than 2h! At least back when I still took planes.
You and your friend played yourselves when you didn't take the HSR. N00b move.
@@duyataksis5210 I love HSR. I would take it from Chongqing to Chengdu all the time. But there is no HSR to the US, which is why we had to fly through Shanghai, Beijing, or Guangzhou ;)
It is a pain to travel by air in China because of this, and they reason they use is "流量控制“ or traffic control. People seem to get used to it. I always travel by train. Travel-wise, China is not that big, since most big cities are a limited space in the east, and you can get to most cities in less than 5 hours by train.
This is like Wendover Productions but with the humour setting cranked up to 100.
I flew in China for several years. You wouldn't believe the convoluted routing we'd see. I still have pictures of some of the ridiculous routes we had to fly. The other problems you get is with narrow and winding airways, if you have an airplane above you, you will get stuck at a much lower altitude since you have no room to move around and climb above them. This leads to increased fuel consumption and higher emissions too. The higher you fly, typically the less fuel you burn (also depends on winds). I have spent a three hour flight stuck down at 17,000 feet, simple because there was a couple of airplanes above us and we did not have the available room along the airway to move aside and climb above them.
Regarding delays, the worst I ever had was between Shanghai and Chengdu, with six hours. The rotten thing is often China ATC will not inform you of delays until after you are fully loaded and ready to push back. There is no such thing as passenger rights in China, so the passengers had to just sit on board for those entire six hours, as the ground crew would not move the jetway back to let people off.
Ironic timing.
Great video although I shouldn’t have left the space tourism Bezos joke aside 2:54 as many of us subscribers who have interests in aviation and aerospace usually often have interests in space too!
I think it is due to the new law, meaning that all planes have to skywrite "We love Xi" every 30 minutes...
Do you live in Denver? I feel like you always use examples from this area! Love it!
0:32 wow tibet got independent!
Ok, the Bezos burn is one of the best I have heard!
The sky writing joke was pretty awesome too lol
It's always a good video when HAI Uploads
finally an HAI video i had background info on!
Most US flights are direct, unless you fly Delta. Then you're pretty much guaranteed to make a stop in Atlanta
Chinese here. Here are some stories about chinese airspace control. Actually, China's airspace control and mysterious delays can tell us something about the Chinese Air Force.
First of all, to be fair to the Chinese military, they don't have as many overseas air base as compared to the US to stretch their planes (*cough* Okinawa *cough*) so they have to do it domestically.
And that also means the Chinese Air Force has to conduct most of its test of its jets within China (also for security reasons). There was one day where flights suffer severe delay in the city of Shenyang and Chengdu for a whole morning a few years back. This delay was widely speculated to be the Chinese Air Force testing its new supersonic fighter jet, because --
* There are airplane manufacturing plants in both Shenyang and Chengdu that produce jets for Chinese Air Force (they mainly make military jet, they can't do civilian aircraft like Boeing and Airbus)
* The two cities are 3 hours apart by sub-sonic civilian jets (around 2000 kilometers), a long-enough distance to test the new supersonic jets
* Airports in both cities suffered severe delay on the same morning
* People in places near both cities can actually hear the sonic boom, the giant noice made when the jet surpass the speed of sound
Basically, whenever CAF wants to do a test or whatever, it screws over the whole airspace.
There are also some other interesting facts about China's airspace restriction. For instance, Shanghai has two airports, Hongqiao (SHA) and Pudong (PVG), with SHA locates in the west of the city and PVG at the east. Chinese aviation authorities require most flights from Northeastern China to Shanghai to be landed in PVG, and airlines can only put a tiny portion of their scheduled flights to SHA. Since SHA is closer to city center, prices for flights from NE China to SHA can be double the amount of NE China to PVG, as business travelers prefer SHA.
Flight routes from NE China to PVG are also interesting and planes fly different routes from NE China down south to PVG vs. PVG up north to NE China. When it's flying south, the plane will first flies to the border between China, North Korea, and the Bohai Sea (Yalu River), then heading to 180 degrees straight south all the way to a few hundred kilometers away from Shanghai, then turn towards PVG. The route down south is mostly over sea. While the same route up north goes over land. Go check the routes yourselves, go on flightradar24 or flightaware, put in PVG and a NE Chinese airport (such as, SHE, CGQ, HRB).
The reason for that is Chinese aviation authority doesn't want planes to fly over Shanghai directly. Since PVG is to the east of SHA, and NE China is to the east of Shanghai, they just want to route most NE Chinese flights to Shanghai to PVG.
Well, PVG has meglev trains to downtown Shanghai (it runs at 430km/h peak), but the meglev train still doesn't go quite close into downtown, and if you are going to catch an early flight, you still need to stay a night in a hotel near the airport. Also PVG has no High Speed Rail access, but SHA has. If you land in SHA, you can connect to a bullet train in, like, 30 minutes. It's literally walking distance from airport to bullet train tracks. Also, PVG has tons of satellite terminals and I had for once, taking a plane into PVG and it taxies 30 minutes to a god damn remote stand, and it take me another 30 minute to get out of the terminal. So that's why business travelers much prefer SHA over PVG, willing to pay double or triple for the flight. SHA is a small, manageable airport where you can plan your schedule tightly. Before covid, most domestic flights from Shanghai are on SHA and most international (and some domestic routes for easier transfer) were on PVG.
t. angry NE Chinese who have to pay more to fly from SHA back home, sort-of aviation enthusiast, SkyTeam silver (I put my miles on Delta), has flown on two crappy made-in-china propeller planes for the fun of it, runs flightradar24 and flightaware ADS-B collector in home
Some other stupid Chinese airspace restrictions and caveats includes --
* If you want to fly over North Korea, you can take the flight from Vladivostok, Russia to Shanghai (VVO-PVG). It's almost guaranteed to be flying over North Korea
* Most Chinese international flights has to avoid North Korean airspace. This includes Shenyang to Tokyo (SHE-NRT/HND), which often detours through Russia, and sometimes South Korea (pull up a map of the region if you don't have an idea)
* South Korean flights to Europe often flies over China, also due to NK airspace restrictions
* Many flights from, say, Japan to Europe may fly over China in its most direct route, but due to China's airspace restriction (the zig-zagging mentioned in this video) they would rather fly over Russia directly
* This also includes flights from, say, Hong Kong to South Korea -- it would rather fly over Taiwan than mainland China. Another example is Hong Kong to USA and Guangzhou to USA. Hong Kong and Guangzhou is just a few hundred kilometres apart, but flights from Guangzhou to USA often flies up north through the entirty of mainalnd China, but flights from HK much prefers going through Taiwan-Japan/SKorea-Russia-USA.
* The most stupid route to avoid North Korea must be YNJ-ICN, from China's Yanji, Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province to Seoul, South Korea. Yanbian Prefecture locates on the border between China and NK, and there are histrocally Koreans living there, so the flight is in pretty high demand, but it has to take a half-circle to avoid NK
* In the 90s, from mainland China to Taiwan must take a stop in Hong Kong or Macau, as required by Taiwan government. In the early 00s, the requirement reduced to a "touch" to a waypoint in Hong Kong or Okinawa, Japan. The plane can just "touch" at HK or Japanese airspace and immediately heading to Taiwan/mainland China, but it has to touch it. Today, Taiwan government set up a series of no-fly zones in the middle of Taiwan Strait, making flights cross the strait a pain in the butt, routes such as PVG-TPE, XMN-TPE, FOC-TPE has to take detours to avoid this (go check them out on FR24, it's worth your time if you have gone this far), and it's definitely going to double the fly time in many cases. Mainland China government retaliates by restricting transfer access for mainland chinese citizens to via Taiwanese airlines, and restrict routes Taiwanese airlines can overfly mainland China on their way to Europe.
China cancelled loads of international flights due to covid, so some of the routes mentioned above no longer exists; although if you have FR24 business subscription, you might still find it. I recalled most of the things in my memory, so there could be mistakes or typos.
Also, the description in the video that says China's airport's average delay rate is a bit overblown form my own experience. Chinese airlines tweak their schedules and there are indeed improvements in delay rate. The data may be sourced from something a few years back. My last severe delay was 6 months ago and I fly 2 to 4 times per month. I much prefer flying over bullet trains on routes when they are equally competitive, such as Beijing to Shanghai. Although bullet trains are really cool, and they can be suppliments to air service. Y'all western countries should try bullet trains.
Edit: thanks for the likes.
I know you are going to read this, Sam, so I'm gonna shove some of my complaints of your videos.
I'm happy I watched this video at the moment I did so I could read this comment and not have it lost in the oblivion. Cheers my friend.
Nitpuck but it is PLAAF
The US has 800 overseas military bases versus China having 3. NOT EVEN CLOSE! The US is the the most violent, bilergerant country in all of human history after the British, more specifically England.
This is fascinating, thanks for all the background information!
In your video about "Why every map of china is slightly wrong", you suggested that Chinese digital maps use a coordination system called CGJ02 instead of the world's de facto standard WGS84. This is wrong, as 1. China's natural resources department's digital map uses WGS84, 2. Chinese law bans unauthroized use of "foreign coordination system" but it doesn't force everybody to use CGJ02, so, for instance, Baidu use BD09, and 3. The end of the video says, "there's no real way to know where anything in china actually is" which is also wrong, as there are ways to counter CGJ02 distortions and it won't be hard for military-grade supercomputers to do that (in an extreme example, US wants to launch an air strike over China) and also because CGJ02 is just a stupid way to obfuscate maps that has little help for national security and making everybody's lives miserable. Also you can still make maps of china based on WGS84 but you just can't legally publicize your map in china, you can also distort the worlds map with CGJ02, which is Autonavi's way to deal with the Hong Kong-China border mixups.
The Wendover Production's video on China's vaccine diplomacy is also extremely misleading, as if my memory is correct, it heavily suggests that China refuses western vaccines.But the video made no mention (and judging from its script, your researchers haven't realize) that there is literally a factory in Shanghai pumping out Pfizer/BNT mRNA vaccines. I have seen reports in early 2020 predicting Pfizer/BNT's vaccine's production in China, as there has been a BNT factory in Shanghai and a Chinese pharma company has partnership with BNT. The report even intreviewed BNT's partner. This is something that could be easily missed if you only research in English, and with this in mind, the argument made in the video is somewhat invalid -- china didn't refuse western vaccine -- although it's still debatable right now since China isn't likely approve Pfizer/BNT's mRNA vaccine until China's own mRNA vaccine is ready and approved -- but that's a totally different reason. In case you are wondering, the Pfizer/BNT vaccines from Shanghai factory are mostly exported abroad.
I have subscribed to your channels for a long time, and I wish there could be more research into the topic before it draws a conclusion. You, Polymatter and RLL's videos about China contains mistakes, and in the case of RLL's video on North Korean defectors, it's just soooo wrong that I don't know where to start with. I remembered that I commented in the China's vaccine diplomacy video, but it didn't get much likes. Sam, you need to take fact checking more seriously. I'd like to help with your scripts, but the comment section isn't a good place anyway. If your comment isn't eye-catching enough, no one's gonna read it even if it contains crucial facts. You probably need to make your contacts more visible. I remembered that when I was last commenting, your email on your UA-cam's introduction page appeared to be some company's commercial contact address, so I didn't border.
Just some thoughts. I've got to sleep.
I love this content the dryness of the delivery makes some shit you say make me chuckle while still being highly informative
The ending is the first ever UA-cam ad in human history that has been actually useful and interesting in some way