Colonialism: Past and Present
Вставка
- Опубліковано 8 вер 2024
- Thanks to Supremacy 1914 for sponsoring this video - Play Supremacy 1914 for FREE on PC or Mobile: 💥 s1914.onelink.... Receive an Amazing New Player Pack, only available for the next 30 days!
Colonization is a set of relations, and in many ways these relations have persisted past the era of "Decolonization." Colonialism as a phenomenon has transformed with the world around it, transforming colonial relations in various ways but always -- always, remaining colonial.
We live in a global colonial present.
Bibliography:
- T. Alfred & J. Corntassel, “Being Indigenous: Resurgences Against Contemporary Colonialism.”
in Government and Opposition, Vol. 40, No. 4 (Autumn 2005), pp. 597
- France24, “French forces launch ‘major operation’ to open route to New Caledonia’s restive capital” france24.com, May 19th 2024
- C. Ó Gráda, “Eating People Is Wrong, and Other Essays on Famine” (2015)
- J. Graves & A. Goodman, “Racism Not Race” (2022).
- M. Leone et. al., “Historical Archaeologies of Capitalism” (2015)
- R. Lynch, "Was Colonialism Good or Bad?" Whatifalthist, on UA-cam.com, Sep 27th 2023.
- J. Peterson, "Africa is Not Poor Because of Colonization" Jordan B Peterson, on UA-cam.com, Sep 11st, 2022.
- A. Robert, “I DEBUNK Woke History Lesson About Colonialism” HistoryLegends,
on UA-cam.com, Aug 9th 2023.
- E. Ross, “The past is still present: why colonialism deserves better coverage” thecorrespondent.com, Oct 9th 2019.
- A. Tooze, “Wages of Destruction” (2006)
- L. Veracini, “Colonialism: A Global History” (2022)
Music:
- J. Patitucci, "Point - Counterpoint" on Scenes From An Imaginary Film, Sep 29th, 2023.
#history #colonialism
----------------------------------------------------------
Second Channel ► / @fredda-gaming
Twitter ► / punishedfredda
Patreon ► / fredda
Twitch ► / fredda_
Community Discord ► / discord
----------------------------------------------------------
Receive an Amazing New Player Pack, only available for the next 30 days! Play Supremacy 1914 for FREE on PC or Mobile: 💥 s1914.onelink.me/TX2k/FREDDA01
We all gotta get that bag somehow so don’t feel any shame if you need a raid or dragon city sponsorship. Higher quality content is hard to come by.
You picked this specific sponsor intentionally, didn't you? 🗿🤌
Chile er et langstrakt land😂
I scanned the code no results
Do people ever play any of these games?
How much money you would take to debunk the entire channel of Whatifalthist.
That’s like asking how much money it would take to be dipped into a volcano it’s just not fair
Free lifetime therapy for starter
how much ppl he paid?
"the amount of effort required to refute bullshit is an order of magnitude more than that required to produce it.
He actually did this already, just look the video up
"France still exists despite the best efforts of the french" is a sentence I was not ready for.
It’s amazing isn’t it. France to this day is a colonial power, not just in the capitalist/imperial core sense. But a literal colonial power throughout all of West Africa and half the pacific islands, yet no one talks about it or even acknowledges its existence. France currently has more “deployed” troops than the U.S.
ayo its animarchy
As salamu alaikum
Yoooooooooo Animarchy
bold of you to try to present yourself as anti imperialist when your channel is based around defending nato lol
@@kazuhiramiller7491 If NATO were an empire, France wouldn't have been able to leave, and Poland wouldn't have needed to blackmail their way in.
We are so back
Marx profile pic?
We are so back!
Viva la Revolución!
May the global movements
of today succeed! ☭
The workers of the world are so back!
☭
@@dokidoki777second holodomor coming
@VajaOzge Holodomor was a natural consequence of rapid industrialisation combined with 2 years of bad harvests. How many slaves died to bring industry to Britain. You need a food surplus, and concentrated labour in urban areas. When you have no slaves it will always be difficult, especially at the pace that was required. Nobody has industrialised without large amounts of suffering
King Leopold's crimes have gone unrecognized in Europe for so long, it's still shocking more people still don't know.
My brother in Christ. That has already been debunked
@@blah204lmao no, what the hell are you talking about? It’s very widely documented, and even at the time was condemned.
@@blah204 citation needed.
@@legoboy468 the was even an official Belgian apology for their behaviour in the Congo.
@@jaykaye594 And even that was too little, too late. An apology in 2002? For crimes in the 1960's? Considering they destroyed their independence movement and dissolved its leader in acid?
This blah guy just shows some people still deserve the Mussolini treatment.
Im genuinely so glad that educational content like this is free on UA-cam. Many places in the world (talking mostly about the midwestern United States but this still applies elsewhere) don’t teach important history like this in public schools; and I think what you do really helps make history more accessible to the public. Keep doing what you do man.
Educational content is a unique way of saying propaganda.
@@airlesscanvas6425Cry harder
@@jkabrams341 No u
@@airlesscanvas6425 Everything is propaganda if you've boiled it down to the most basic levels. You're so woke, How have you awakened your third eye???
It's probably the best way of educating people in this day and age. When you can't afford to go to college to learn this information, have the information come to you in the form of video essays.
Fredda singlehandedly increasing the average IQ of youtube by 30
Decreasing you mean
@@unitedfront9717 Sick burn dude.
IQ is a racist measurement that is not applicable or useful in any real context
@@unitedfront9717average "states rights" fan
@@phelan05manley21 i am not american
These are the kinds of videos WhatIfAltHist wishes he could make
Holy shit, its stoneworks
W stoneworks
WhatIfAltHist is just a white nationalist cosplaying as a historian.
Animarchy first, now Stoneworks to?!?!?! Sweet
Damn, thought you were just a silly Minecraft youtuber, I never even considered you'd be a full on Anti-imperialist.
Wake up Fredda uploaded
He remembered his password.
I think another good point would be to touch on how a common “criticism” of anti colonial struggle is to point to post colonial societies that experienced tremendous violence or societal collapse/ economic disaster, like how some Rhodesia boos will make the case that “actually Rhodesia was good because look at Zimbabwe now” in total ignorance of any existing material conditions that may have caused such collapse
Zimbabwe is Zimbabwe because Robert Mugabe and the ZANU-PF f***** things up just like South Africa is a Third World country now because of the ANC. It's been over 50 years since Rhodesia became Zimbabwe and over 30 since Apartheid ended, at what point is the state of these nation the fault of their current governments and not an increasingly distant in time colonial administration.
Not to mention a good number of those post-colonial collapses/conflicts can be directly drawn to the former(-ish) occupier trying in vain to preserve colonialism indefinitely (e.g. Angola/Moçambique, and also Zimbabwe)
People love to say this in regards to Haiti, you go to any media about the Haitian revolution and then the comments/replies they generally come with: "Look at Haiti now, one of the poorest countries in the world".
Makes me sick.
@@MelonistAlso Algeria, apartheid S. Africa and Israel as well
@@youtubesangryopinionramble1465Modern South Africa is a failed state. Israel is the one (1) prosperous nation in that whole rectangle from Morocco to Pakistan.
Must be hard times when Fredda accepts a mobile game sponsorship.
Still a great video
i like how even the sponsorship had citation
What the fuck is that weird take that apparently historical colonialism is just a goofy little quirk of the history of nations that had no long term repercussions? There were large scale repercussions to Roman colonialism over North Africa, the Carthaginians literally ceased to exist; there were large scale repercussions to Mongol colonialism over the Middle East, a literal premodern genocidal cataclysm that single handedly stopped historical development dead in its tracks; there were large scale repercussions to teutonic colonialism of the Old Prussians, we scarcely have any records of their languages today. It is nonsensical to claim that historical oppresison somehow doesn't matter to modern times
must fit it all with crapitlism.i mean i get it crapitlsim is bad but its not onyl crapitlism and not only europe (and hornoraty western aligned japan).
@@himpim642 I meant more about the way that right wingers justify colonialism by saying "well everyone got colonized and yet Europe got ahead so stop using colonialism as an excuse", but yeah there's also a left wing perception of colonialism that kind of just ignores the totality of its history to exclusively talk about modern western colonialism. I don't think this video does that, it focuses on modern colonialism because it's relevant to modern emancipation struggles but it does acknowledge historical colonialism
Modern empires post-industrial revolution had effects that are much larger as a result of their ability to mobilize more resources. Most of the stuff we hear about the destruction of Carthage and other such atrocities are greatly exaggerated since the sources we rely on are meant to propagandize the totality of Roman victory.
@@arshiaarjomandi6279 Yeah i know modern imperialism is greater in extent, what does that matter to the victims of historical colonialism? Is their suffering not historically relevant cuz it was smaller in extent?
Historical sources often are exaggerated and imprecise with the scale of atrocities, that doens't mean the atrocities didn't happen, that they weren't large, nor that they didn't matter. No historian has ever claimed there were no large scale atrocities during the Carthaginian siege, The city of WAS razed and thousands sold into slavery, it doesn't matter if the destruction was not as total as sources claim and not as many people were sold into slavery, this is a historical fact that several people were victims of Roman imperialism in North Africa. Same for European christian imperialism in the Levant, there's sources that claim that the slaughter of the Muslims sheltered in the Al-Aqsa Mosque "was so great that our men waded in blood up to their ankles", is this specific statement of a literal pool of blood true? We don't know, does this mean that there wasn't a whole ass massacre inside the mosque? No, several sources attest to the massacre.
Also, the global atrocities of the Mongols are insanely well documented, and so monstrous that they rival the casualities of modern conflicts. Historical colonialism was not just a tiny irrelevant blip just because modern colonialism was greater in extent
Well said!! Destruction of cultures and ancient civilizations was the effect of European colonialism
The part on settler colonialism was particularly informative to me - I've always felt that it was something different (and worse) to colonialism, but I can see the direct throughline now.
It does raise the question of what the Roman and Arab Empires might classify as, as they imposed foreign rule by violence and supported migration of some of their "native" peoples and existing vassal peoples to the new territories. But they did not, by policy at least, try to expel the existing populations - rather they worked to assimilate them, using violence in the comquered territory only in response to uprising.
Whilst my knowledge of the Arab/Muslim empires is sorely lacking due to having a western education, I'd argue the Romans don't really fit with any of the forms of colonialism described in this video. The first thing to remember is that both the Arab and Roman empires stretched over vast time and geography, they really weren't any one thing. That said, the Romans could definitely be said to have formed a colonial empire, seeing as they did in fact establish and maintain control through violence, and set about extracting wealth from the periphery to the core. There was actually a long period where Italians didn't even pay tax to the top level of the empire, it was all paid for by the conquered lands!
@@killerlorkthe majority difference is the empire expanding by sea, and also taking advantage of the native lands that really didn't have a traditional system of government, mostly hunter gatherers tribes and early agricultural tribes, these were justified back then and today, as civilizing natives to proper society, of course the reason was to dominate trade routes and flex on their political rivals.
The main difference is that they weren't extractionary.
And we're tolerable of their subjects say practicing your own religion, even allowing conquered people to become full citizens if not in the generations after.
Also while migration was encouraged there was no idea of destroying the natives like say in the English colonization of the Americas. Even if the conquest of such lands may suggest otherwise *cough* *cough* Gaul.
As an example for the two empires you mentioned in terms of religion the Romans allowed practice of your own religion with the addition of the Roman gods.
Even in Arab Caliphates you could still be a Christian, the only thing stopping you being an additional tax.
@@josephross8753 The lands the Romans conquered in most cases already had formed states and governments not much different from that of the Romans, just smaller in scale in some cases and not so small in others like Egypt, Greece, and the Levant. The "civilizing barbarians" trope was one used long before the Romans by many different entities to justify their violence.
banger after banger
Langer doing a dragger
To clarify - it would be correct to say that the Roman *coloniae* system was a settler colonial system. Not a modern colonial system, but a colonial system nontheless, with displacement and violence, unequal cultural exchange and the aim of ending the settlers-settled relationship by either driving the 'barbarians' away or turning them Roman. It wasn't modern colonialism as it lacked the strong capitalist component.
Am I correct in my understanding?
I also think this is true.
In a sense that Roman Colonialism is a venture to expand Roman Identity, either through forceful subjugation (a la their moves with Celts and Punics) or through assimilation (a la their moves with Iberians, Numidians, and Greeks).
The goal of Roman expansion and Colonial venture is not to expand wealth like in Post Renaissance Nation-states, but to expand the idea of Rome itself. That whatever the tribe/culture they've subjugated... It's inherently linked to Rome.
This was, what I also assume, the prevalent end-goal of Ancient to Classical civilization Colonialism... Whether it's Greeks with their colonies in Massilia, Colchis, Trapezos, Cimmeria, etc; Punics with their Colonies in Carthage, Thapsus, Mastia (Carthago Nova) etc; and everyone in between
@@aribantala
The goal of Roman expansion and Colonial venture is not to expand wealth like in Post Renaissance Nation-states,
you sure that taht aristcorats in roman empire didnt profiti from conquest and were nto itnerested in it and yo usure that modern empries didnt wanted to expand and who gretenss of nation...
@@himpim642 Do I think the Roman Upper Class had different way of thinking than a Post Renaissance Nation-states Upper Class, before the advent of 15th century Merchantilism or Bullionism? Yes, yes I do actually.
The concept of Wealth of Nation replaces the idea of Supremacy of the older theory of subjugation and assimilation of other Cultures to expand one's own as a "Show of Influence"
The idea of Force and Influence through wealth, economy, and production was "the what" and "the how" for many 15th-16th century scholars put forth the idea of a Nation-State. This idea did not exist in Classical civilization
If you told a Roman Pater Familia that you subjugated a Tribe but didn't incorporate them as a part of your Culture and "make them more Roman", they'll definitely be confused as of why "you don't spread 'Roman Ideals and Culture' to the Barbarians and instead chose to seek vanity like an Hardline Epicurean".
@@himpim642 Do I think the Roman Upper Class had different way of thinking than a Post Renaissance Nation states Upper class, before the advent of 15th century Merchantilism or Bullionism? Yes, yes I do actually.
The concept of Wealth of Nation replaces the idea of supremacy from the older theory of subjugation and assimilation of other Cultures to expand one's own as a "Show of Influence"
The idea of force and influence through wealth, economy, and production was what many 15th-16th century scholars put forth the idea of a Nation-State. This idea did not exist in Classical civilization
If you told a Roman _Pater Familia_ that you subjugated a Tribe but didn't incorporate them as a part of your Culture and "make them more Roman", they'll definitely be confused as of why "you don't spread 'Roman Ideals and Culture' to the Barbarians and instead chose to seek vanity like an Hardline Epicurean".
@@himpim642 @himpim642 Do I think the Roman Upper Class had different way of thinking than a Post Renaissance Nation states Upper class, before the advent of 15th century Merchantilism? Yes, yes I do actually.
The concept of Wealth of Nation replaces the older idea of subjugation and assimilation of other Cultures to expand one's own as a "Show of Influence". The idea of force and Influence through wealth, economy, and production was what many 15th-16th century scholars put forth the idea of a Nation-State. This idea did not exist in Classical civilization
If you told a Roman Pater Familia that you subjugated a Tribe but didn't incorporate them as a part of your Culture and "make them more Roman", they'll definitely be confused as of why "you don't spread 'Roman Ideals and Culture' to the Barbarians and instead chose to seek vanity like an Hardline Epicurean".
why you gotta jumpscare us with whatifalthist lmao
Absolutely fantastic breakdown, great work🙌🏽
All the based as fuck UA-camrs are showing up for this Video, holy crap.
Love your videos :)
@@Dianasaurthemelonlord7777nah leftist are not based
@@VajaOzgeredditor
@@VajaOzgeLeftists are supremely based :)
I found the Vaja person’s other comments, they seem so fucking right wing brain rotted that they have no idea about any leftist ideas whatsoever.
I knew Thomas Sowell was dumb as a box of rocks beforehand, but this is something else! Saying Britain is still rich despite Roman colonization is like saying that America is still rich despite being invaded in 1812: Both are events that have had little to nothing to do with either country’s development, and citing them as examples for the rest of the world is like saying a termite you saw in your basement two years ago caused your house to collapse.
Anyway, good video Fredda: Sowell would’ve had an aneurysm over how you actually cite your sources!
I'd disagree, seeing a potential termite infestation early and concluding that was how your house collapsed is a realistic conclusion
@@killerlorkConfusing a termite for an ant though
While it is true the Roman conquest of Britain has little to do with its eventual rise as a superpower, the idea that Roman colonizario benefited the region isn't completely wrong. The conquest helped the local economy with trade and other things. Not just that but the eventual abandonment of the region by Rome brought forth real "dark age" for Britain, civilization just collapsed there.
: Canada still has a governor general. Nobody's gonna tell me colonialism no longer exists in a full fledged form today.
Another banger from Norway's bravest son.
I oficially don't think all Norwegians are assholes anymore. The same way Alice Capelle made me reconsider the French
Same in Australia.
Colonialism is when you have some random guy without power thats called governor general.
Learning new things every day
@@nsk370 He literally did have power, he overthrew the sitting PM, and it is literally a position in a colonial government. What are you even talking about? How more colonial could it possibly get?
@@nsk370when you talk like a redditor instead of thinking about the implications of what having such a position means
Great video, I always struggle to convince my non-history-inclined friends and family that the setup of today's capitalist producer and consumer areas are a direct result of colonialism and how its continuities. I'll have to come back and watch again
Yes a great propaganda video which relies on cherry picked information and ignoring any information that runs counter to the narrative.
@@airlesscanvas6425well then let’s see you make a very well detailed and well sourced response to it, huh
@@sputnik5260 The issue with video is that he is making the point that Capitalism and excessive violence is what separates colonialism from old imperialist models. The problem with is that it is not true, what actually caused colonialism was that Europe was the first to develop advanced technologies as well as extremely efficient logistics and professional militaries. These innovations that happened in Europe first due to its geographical position and culture.
@@airlesscanvas6425 those two ideas don’t contradict each other they can both be true. Also in several cases the various European powers didn’t enforce colonialism through “ superior technology” for instance the conquest of the Aztecs and the Raj had less to do with guns and more to do with diplomacy and playing various rival states off each other. Plus in the early British colonization of America many native tribes had superior firearms to the Britain due to colonial restrictions on guns . While most tribes had no such laws.
@@sputnik5260 In some rare cases colonies were established by clever diplomatic means, in the vast majority of cases they were established and universally enforced by technological superiority to the natives. Also that native tribe thing is only true if you look compare natives to British citizens. The British army had superior firearms, not to mention superior organization and structure.
14:41 And this is why this definition of indigenous is poor. The vast people who settled in England were not "migrants". They were warriors, who often made their contributions to Englands admixture through r*pe
Better then West Africans lol
"Babe wake up. New Fredda video just dropped"
this might be the funniest sponsorship ive seen
As a Historical Archaeology student, i really loved when you cited Mark Leone! His work is incredible and if you like his stuff, I would also really recommend Stephen Silliman’s essay “Struggling with Labor, Working with Identities.” It has some really good commentary on the nuance and links between class under capitalism and race and figures of identity under colonialism. Great video as always!!
I love that comments on Fredda videos are always full of further reading
Who is Mark Leon, Ieam what is his area of expertise. Google is giving me weird results. May I know a bit more so i can find him online and start there. Thank you.
Simple answer:
Conquest:
the victims are treated as fellow citizens of the empire. Anyone can be a slave even the citizens of the metropole.
Colonialism: the victims are treated as sub-human workforce. The metropole citizens can't be slaves.
host of holes there...victims of ottoman coinquest were treated difrent than muslims and had for example kid kidnapped as part of devinsvirme...
ottoman empire razed cities and had slavery imposed on some of christin victims.few will claim it was colonial power thjiogu they setler colonised lands of other people...
@@himpim642 Yes, you're right. Ottomans exploits Non Ottomans, even other conquered Muslims. They evolved from Conquest, and after the rule of Sulayman the Magnificent, changes gears into Colonialist
It's apparent between Sulayman's Incumbency to the Tanzimat of Abdulmecid I (roughly 3 centuries) of their existence, they are very much an arguable Colonial state; as they exploited and oppresses the Sanjaks in Middle East, as well as in Europe, installing Turkish elites inside the Government on the lands they took over.
This period was called the Transformation Era
@@himpim642 you are not 100% wrong. But I need to point out that the devinsrisme is part of Ottoman tribute, similar to Romans asking human tributes if said tributary cannot pay with goods. Thus, cannot be fully said as colonialism.
The Ottoman also had Turkish Muslims as slaves, it points back to my simple answer.
Razing cities cannot be considered as colonialism as conquest empires also do the same. This is just more of a war tragedy.
@@jansenjunaedi4926
i dont know of roman practice of regulary kidnapping kids...and romans were awfull colonising force as well.
and also so waht fi they had turksim muslims slaves vast majority of slaves werre either ensdlaved from other coutnries or salve trade..youj vdotn see even ofent reference backward russian emprie as mass ensalver of other people.
when they razed cities they took slaves.
also as per effects they made my coutnry whcih they took over worse in condition than in our medival times.you see asutrian emropei was also clonisign emprtie but unlike in otrtoma emprie my people in asdutrian emprie whcih also perecturted us devllolped cities litearty and culture.ototmqans were worse colonisers than austrians.
@@jansenjunaedi4926Pretty much, colonialism isnt just "they killed people and razed cities", its a lot more
Almighty youtube algorithm, take my like and my comment as an offering to you and grant this channel the traction it deserves!🙏
Settler colonialism is not a new form in history. It was practiced by the ancient greeks across the Mediterranean (Magna Graecia in sicily and southern italy for example), it was practised by the Germanic peoples in the ostsiedlung, it was practised by the Norse in places like Orkney, Shetland, the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland, and it was practised by Muscovy against the tatars and siberian tribes.
Um, banger alert?!
The English weren't colonizers of England?!? Really? The Celts were there before the Anglo-Saxons. When they came into the island, they either assimilated people into their culture, or (mostly) pushed the Celts both out to the west into Ireland and pushed them to the south into France, where a significant portion of Celts still live today. They were absolutely colonizers...and then Rome came in and colonized them.
You have to pick a starting point in a video like this. You could go down the rabbit hole saying the celts colonized the Bronze Age inhabitants, who colonized Neolithic inhabitants, etc. for our modern context, starting at the rough beginning of the empire makes the most sense.
@@Dr.cozmore You could, but I think Fredda specifically makes the argument that those cases are not colonialism. That's what the commenter is taking issue with.
@@raxit1337did you guys not watch the video. The point is modern colonialism has many aspects and past similarities like Rome in England, or whatever lack these important aspects.
Anglo saxons didn’t invade as a single organized entity with the intent to displace and take the land for themselves. They migrated, sometimes violently, sometimes peacefully, gradually over a long period of time with a back and forth constant of assimilation between the two populations into eachother
@@raxit1337
Yeah, Fredda is making the argument that is not colonialsm, even though it clearly is
Bringing up the Islamic conquests of the 7th-8th centuries doesn't really make much sense in my opinion. When does the colonial power allow the colonised to contribute to the new society? However, I won't deny the fact that had muslims were more poweful they would have engaged in colonialism. Oman once expanded their empire into the East African coast.
ototman emprie colonsied and exploited blakans..
timurids and mugahls india...
Israel?
They did colonize the Berbers lol. They were there before even the Carthaginians.
Europe when famine: “I’ll double it and give it to the next continent.”
Average Chinese famine : 100 million deaths
@@tempejklthat's double what I can find as the largest famine, so you're being pretty hyperbolic. It's not an average, nor is it average. Good meme I suppose, but not really.
@@asheneal6511 It’s hyperbolic yes. 20-40 million is the largest famine (Great Leap Forward)
8:02 how is Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo part of the “developt world” but turkey isnt?
because the map he used is shit
Interesting video, but I'm not sure how I feel about trying to jam all colonial history into a number of waves. I feel like that implies that all colonial history fits into a couple of cookie cutter templates, which is exactly how we get whatifalthist garbage. History is complex, and every part of it is different. While the colonisation of a America and Australia may look similar on paper, youre doing a massive disservice to the indigenous people on both by equating them through a way system.
Also, people will always find new ways to exploit other people, so if another way starts happening, that doesn't necessarily fit into a defined wave, is it not colonialism?
History is complex and it has many factors but the chaos theory applies here, while one thing is unpredictable many things can cause a pattern like the bell curve, also we do the same for technological stages like the agricultural revolution or the industrial revolution that is split into 4 parts, 1st textile, 2nd steam engine and trains 3, 4th digital
Honestly, is no different from putting history on cycles
where's the ifa wartburg and workers and resources music in the back
I don't know
14:40 damn dis doing dialectics
Hegel lurks everywhere, my friend
Colonialism is always negative for the locals in the longer term because it stops institutional development. The point of colonies is to extract resources for the imperial power. The colonized can't develop industry because the empire is supposed to process their resources and benefit from them. The colonized can't develop independent political bodies because they might break free. The colonized can't become educated because they might get ideas about freedom. The colonized can't benefit from their exports because they might become too powerful and challenge the colonizer. There is only one form of governance for the colonial state and that form is meant to keep them down.
ottoman empire left my coutnryt serbia in worse shape than we were durign middle ages when we were known as rich coutnry with mines and trhiving cities.yet few will call them colonial.
also they even stolen kids.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devshirme
Colonialism or not, the Indians will never have working plumbing in every house until 2300.
14:40 Very sneaky dialectics, did not see it coming and it hit me like a train. Great job!
I Apologize if I missed this or am not understanding one of your points correctly, and I would love an explanation, but why is colonialism different from basic conquest and expansion by countries? Why is the Conquest of Rome different then the British invasion of India? Both expanded into new areas with new people who were not their own, and both profited off of giving the newly conquered people less rights then those "back home" didn't they? Both involved violence.
I know you probably wont even see this, but if anybody else see's it and is able to point me to a part of the video that explains that that I may have missed, or is able to explain it for me, I would really appreciate it. The video is very good! I'm just kind of confused.
Answer me back in like a month and i will answer if i see your comment but i am enjoying my holiday rn
While it's true that Rome's conquests has been very proto colonial in nature. The end goal of Classical civilization's conquests are wholly different than that of Post Renaissance Nation-states.
In Rome's case, the subjugation of other tribes and civilization does not necessarily requires profit nor full adherence of "Native Romans" (Which I will get back later). Rome's end goal, as that of Greek and Phoenicia, is to expand their identity.
What constitute as "Rome" or "Roman" even before their expansion all across Italian Peninsula is as blur as a sheet of lead glass. And they are expanding this identity to include Etruscans and Latin tribes. What Rome does is basically "Assimilation through force". You're either affiliated with Rome, or you're not and will be soon. The additional wealth from it is a very nice addition.
It's also somewhat a misconception that Rome identity is clear. It wasn't. Take the case of Arminius, or Queen Zenobia and her son Vabalathus. The former was considered Roman by his superior (Quintilius Varus), even though he himself does not think so and would have dire consequences to his superior because of it. The latter claims themselves as Roman, despite the case if she's a part of a modern Nation-State, it would be absurd to many Colonialists (Imagine for example, Mohandas Gandhi, claiming to be British)
What constitute as British is clear. It's a Post-Renaissance Nationstate that has been formed after the Anglo-Saxon took over the upper ruling class from Brythonic and Celtic... And later Franco-Norman assimilation with the former.
The idea of British Colonialism is not to expand British Identity as that like Rome expanding Roman's. The boundary is clear. British Colonialism is Solely formed to expand British Wealth and Power. The identity of the subjects of a British Colonial state does not matter to the movement... It's the land and the wealth of that land.
TL;DR:
Rome will not stop you, as their subject, if you're okay claiming yourself to be Roman and it's mostly their end goal that you claim to be Roman
British Colonizers will absolutely stop you if you claim to be British in their Colonial state
@@aribantala Wouldn't it be more reasonable to say that the Romans wanted to keep Roman identity as restricted as possible, at least for the first centuries of Roman expansion, in order to avoid their upper-class status from being diluted, and that the actual (structural? rusty on my high school marxism) motivation for their invasions was to exploit local populations, destroy economic rivals and steal their trade routes + resources + manpower? This would make Romans not very different from the British, save for the British Empire existing in a time period in which economic incentives and capabilities were orders of magnitude larger than in Roman times (for instance, the Romans didn't have a gap in the rubber market to exploit like King Leopold).
I'd love to hear your thoughts.
@@aribantalaThank you very much! very well put together response. I appreciate you taking some time to help me understand this better! Makes much more sense now!
@@enricobianchi4499 Upper Class Roman citizens, especially that in the Hinterlands, were merely petty lords and leaders that, either through subjugation, assimilation, influence, or all three, swore fealty to Rome.
Yes, there's restrictions on rising or staying as the Patricians. However, that restriction has very little to do with Colonist - Indigenous status. Taking Zenobia again as an example... Unlike that of the British. Rome does not mind living together, intermingled with, and even ruled by, the Arab and Aramean Indigenous people in Palmyra
In fact, The entire Post Severan Dynasty Rome was a perfect example of the end goal of Roman Imperialism. After Severus, practically very little numbers of Latin people became emperor.
There's no chance of, for example, an Indian Nawab to become the King of Great Britain.
The restrictions was mainly put on, as you probably very aware of, Plebeian - Patricians status... Proto Prole - Bourgeoisie (even though I would be absolutely castrated saying that lol). The Plebiscite was, in the beginning of Rome, literally a bunch of Latin Tribes that banded together to be "Roman" and franchising of tribes to enter said Plebiscite to become "Roman" isn't an odd concept as Rome expands.
Imagine if that happens to Great Britain, that Indian Nawabs have seats in the House of Commons... Unless I am thrown to an alternate dimension, I am pretty sure that never happen
7:28 Except the reason they protested was because they gave *migrants* (including those from outside France) who arrived between 1998-2014 the right to vote. Claiming this is "colonial" contradicts the multiple claims you made in the video
My only issue is that there was little (if any?) mention of Soviet imperialism in this video. I’m less familiar with writings on how the Soviets dealt with “internally” settled indigenous populations in Siberia and the Russian Far East, and certainly more of the accusations of Soviet imperialism are focused on Eastern Europe, but the Soviet Union itself maintained a consistently imperialist client-patron relationship with “Outer” Mongolia. Historian Emgent Ookhnoi Batsaihan, for example, maintains in “Mongolia becoming a Nation State” that Lenin’s Bolsheviks did little to change the relationship with Mongolian separatists in RoC China than inherit the czarist foreign policy of encouraging independence to weaken Chinese control, then use Mongolia as a buffer state and site of (limited) resource extraction and troop mobilization (if I remember correctly, I do not have the time today to check.) Especially during the Stalinist repressions, Mongolians were subject to what can likely be characterized as a cultural genocide, not only through the more famous massacres of Buddhist lamas, but also in forced collectivization of Mongolian herders through mass killings of Bankhar shephard dogs (which were in turn turned into fur coats for Soviet elites). This is eerily analogous to the brutal killings of Navajo churro sheep in the US as a means of forcing Navajo herders into a mining-based wage economy. And much in the Wallersteinian way of imperial core to native-governed “frontiers,” Mongolian Soviets were strictly limited in what they could do and answered to the “imperial core” of Comintern in Moscow.
Secondly, while this is less of an issue and more of a suggestion, it would have been worthwhile to discuss post-colonial powers “taking up the helm” of colonial forces after initial decolonization movements. One prominent example of this would be Indonesia’s claiming of West Papua from the Dutch and their subsequent exploitation and dispossession of and mass violence (quite possibly cultural genocide) against indigenous West Papuans. Xinjiang, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia would also potentially be relevant here, with of course more direct lines ties to Maoism as a potential Chinese analogy to Soviet imperialism. You did, after all, make short mention of Xinjiang, and China’s current internal settler policies should be considered in the same way Indonesia’s would be relevant. Especially during the current Xi administration, language dispossession is increasingly adopted through the mandating of Beijing Mandarin be used in schools where all subjects were previously allowed to be taught in local languages. In Inner Mongolia, the traditional Mongolian script has been pushed out of schooling and public use, and Mongolian has been relegated to an optional language course, and I’ve read some similar things about Tibet, though I have much reading to do still in between graduate coursework. A lot of this seems to be justified in a developmentalist lens, which coupled with Han Chinese increasingly outpopulating native groups in their own historic territories (I am aware of how easily this can fall into blood and soil talk, but that doesn’t mean it should be taken off the table entirely, as it wouldn’t with the LandBack movement in the US and Canada) may make it fit to call the PRC an internal, if more historically limited (outside of Xinjiang) settler colonial state.
Totally agree with this and my God this comment is high quality for YT.
@@viktor7475 that's not really the point. The narrative of this video seems to be that "capitalism bad, marxism-leninism good," because "decolonization" is painted as good and we are told only that the USSR did "decolonization."
@@viktor7475 they weren't decolonized in the USSR and the implication they were is Soviet propaganda. But sure, the Holodomor is definitely an instance of decolonization.
@@viktor7475 eh? This is some weird tankie sarcasm to deflect from the point.
“do you follow the teachings of the honorable Elijah Muhammad or are you an Early Goebbels-Lysenko-Strasser thought synthesist with Lassallean characteristics?“ Zu Bal said in a letter to Fredda
Fredda never responded
...wut?
He also has not answered the question on whether he is kurdish or not, it's concerning
Genuinely kinda curious what Fredda's thoughts on left-communism are
@@leowilliamson1573 I hate ultraleftism
@@zubal6121 Alright, but I'm curious what his thoughts are on it
Nobody is making history content like this, man. Love your videos!
countries like japan thailand china shows that even if they are not colonized they adopted modern technology so colonialism is not required for modernization
Was arab conquests of north Africa, colonialism?
Yes, it involved the bringing of settlers and the exclusion of locals, although unlike with the later european colonialism the needed to thing to be well treated wasn’t being “white” but to be muslim, which is notoriously easier (although not for that is morally correct)
Right, I dont agree with forcing religion but its easier to be "in" on a religion than a race, because you can lie about being a convert or become one to stay safe, but you can't change your race.
Regardless, dominating others through force and enforcing religious beliefs or ethnic purity or crushing dissent is wrong.
Very interesting video. One area that I disagree however is that I think we should use a much narrower definition of colonialism. I think we should use the term colonialism to describe the systematic creation and maintenance of colonies, where a colony is defined as a settlement in indigenous territory made up of people from the metropole. Basically what you describe as settler colonialism. What you call as "exploitation colonialism" I think would be better described as capitalist imperialism as it does not involve setting up colonies or moving people from the metropole to the periphery. So by these definitions what Britain did in Ireland would be colonialism but what they did in India would be capitalist imperialism.
Banger after banger! Could you make a video on the distinction between capitalism and pre or parallel economic systems? Like how or were the Italian and North Sea trade leagues or maritime silk road or the classical Mediterranean economies distinct from capitalism as it manifested in Britain and Europe? Or could you point me in a good direction with sources you’ve found in your own research?
7:21 despite the best efforts of the French people 😂😂
Bro deadass dropped a university paper on us and disguised it as a youtube video
He would’ve failed 💀
@@Tezcatlipokaafound the colonizer 💀💀
@@coagulatedguy1421 explain how Ireland wad colonizer for over 1000 years but not Judea?
I didn't finish watching the video but wdym? U telling me the video publisher doesn't call ehz reel a colonial state?
could you do one on imperialism ? I enjoyed this video a lot and it cleared up a lot of cloudiness around some terms where I had an idea and examples but never a concrete definition.
You fulfill, I think, a very important part in a potential better world. Namely class consciousness. If your content, and others that adhere to similar standards, would spread more (which is against the interest of the platform btw, if it becomes so big as to produce organised movement), I think we'd be one step closer. Thank you for the researched, and cited, content. Very much prefer it to the "trust me bruh" way of doing things!
I don't really agree with framing the Reconquista and the Crusades as proto-colonialism as it downplays the role of religion in both periods, but otherwise pretty good and solid video
The Reconquista was anti colonial… you do realize who had been there before the Caliphates invaded right?
@Thegrimforest I mean you could see it that way, as a matter of fact the guys fighting the Muslims were my ancestors (pretty cool).
But I think that inserting colonialism as a concept to periods before the 13th century is not really useful
@@communistcuphead2901 I think it would go on to color the very events of the conclusion of the Reconquista in 1492 and the search for Western routes to Asia, especially where the Eastern Roman Empire was in ruins after being conqured by the Turks so there was no reliable trading route to markets in the East connected to the Silk Road
This is all to say that these aribrary cut off dates/historical outlooks seem to be used to further a political point more than being good-faith historical analysis; enganging in weird anachronistic diabolism
Thats ultimately has been the goal of liberatory politics, the end of the idea of Euroexceptionalism; in whatever form it takes
Unfortunately, most of socialist thought dismisses the role of ideology and religion in history due to the reductive need to frame everything through a class and materialist analysis. Religion was far more important than colonialism for the people involved
Br0wn ppl = good
Whyte = bad
I am glad you did this video. I know it may be not your domain, but if you can, could you please make some videos where you debunk the propaganda of Bruce Gilley, Robert Tombs, Zareer Masani and Jeff Fynn-Pau please? If you can, I would like you to start with Jeff Fynn-Paul please.
just learned about this colonialism thing... seems pretty bad idk
The term "developed world" is fascinating. It implies, to the betterment of the ruling class, that we have reached the summit, and that from here there is little that needs changing
It's worth pointing out that internally the nation state functions pretty much equivalently to a colonial empire, with a dominant, metropolitan core and a subservient, rural periphery which exists to provide resources and labour to the core. This periphery is also largely ruled locally within limits imposed by the core and which are ultimately enforced through violence, on which the core has a monopoly.
@@gustavchambert7072 I won't lie... that's sounds like a very undemocratic state.
The pooling of wealth to a Metropolitan core in the 21st century has been proven unsustainable and many modern nationstates, even those who's very authoritarian but has large swath to lands would give some degree of autonomy to their rural territories.
The most apparent state that does this is Indonesia. After it's Centralized Autocratic rule of Soeharto (dubbed the Old Order), Along with efforts of Democratization, Indonesia began a wide row of decentralisation efforts where each provinces now have autonomy over their budget and means of production, as well as dispersion of population from the highly populated Java and Sumatra to more rural Kalimantan, Sulawesi, The Moluccas, Lesser Sundas, and Papua through "Transmigration program" using State Apparatus as their main vessel.
The Centralization of the past was so demographically catastrophic, that the Capital, Jakarta, will no longer be sustainable by at least 2040. The Transmigration program saw very little gain in quelling the issue, Either from lack of effort, corruption inside the Government, apathy from the moved citizens, or all three... So much so that Indonesia decided to create a new Capital because the situation is so dire.
Modern 21st century Nationstates, especially that which owns a large sized Hinterland, will always shy away from Centralization...
@@aribantala
funny thing to note while need to devloped and reporulate rural regions exist due to historicla circusmtances any deentrsliion in my coutnry is viewewed as potiential trheat to secesssion.
@@aribantala it does, doesn't it?
And yet, that's exactly how all the self-styled "developed" countries function.
France, the UK, Germany, Spain, Italy, Sweden, The USA. They all have political and economic systems where authority and decisions is located in urban centers and spreads outward and downwards and where resources move from the rural areas and accumulate in those same cities.
These cities, be they national capitals or regional centres couldn't survive without the rural hinterlands. They supply them with everything from food and raw materials such as timber or ore and even labour. And yet these areas are both poorer, often much poorer, than the cities they feed, severely underserved in terms of public services and politically underfranchised, often to the point of being completely unable to resist whatever agenda is being imposed upon them from the centre.
This applies within the internal subdivisions as well, where, taking Sweden as an example, non-urban municipalities will be much more disadvantaged than the ones in and immediately around the major cities and whatever small or medium sized town constitutes the municipal centre is advantaged over the rural surroundings.
Take that population transfer program ypu mentioned, for example. Where was that decided on? In Jakarta or in the provinces which would be responsible for receiving all those people?
And, frankly, I can't think of a single modern state that has actually "shied away from centralisation". Many countries make token efforts in that direction every now and then, but they more or less always avoid making any changes that would actually reverse the top-down logic of the modern state.
@@gustavchambert7072 Answering your Transmigration program
Here's one way on how it works:
- Indonesian Central government recruited people to work for state apparatuses in Sumatra and Java.
- Local Governments will issue sectors in their local apparatus that requires manpower to the Central Government.
- Once recruitment drives has finished and the workforce trial period ended (2 months from their recruitment), they will be sent accordingly to the province with the aforementioned requests.
This is just one of the few other ways the Indonesian Government do this without force relocation. Recruits will be expected to move from away from their locales and are made aware of the risk and compensations (usually in form of a government issued housing in target province and state pension).
There was a period where they tried to do a "Homesteading Promotion" (a la the US after the civil war, but with the catch that they'll settle on government designated lands) style drives back in the 2000s but it was so brief and considered a waste effort.
@@aribantalano, it’s very Democratic. You need to realize that Democracy does not equal just, fair, or moral. It’s a method of selecting leadership and nothing more. The cities have greater population thus impose their will on the periphery. All governments are based on violence so that is always a major factor. A government that cannot impose its will violently is a failed state
Im a simple man, I see a Fredda video, I watch.
I'm a simple man, I see a Fredda video, I don't watch and automatically dislike.
@@learningagain4094keep seething nazi
Yeah, I don't see Eastern Europe mentioned, despite Soviets for example flooding Latvia and Estonia with settler-colonists.
That’s because Eastern Europeans or their descendants in other countries (like myself) don’t matter to the far left in W. Europe or in America.
He did mention the USSR.
@@MrGoldfish8barely, and only in passing. Instead, this channel passed it over, despite living on the same continent as the USSR, because that would make socialism look bad.
Which he should do, given it was very bad. It killed about the same number of my family as did the Fascists. But if hadn’t noticed, this guy is very committed to portraying Marxism in the best light he can, such that ignoring our own thoughts on the matter is considered acceptable for him.
@@maxmillianwiegel1643So he doesn't say the things you want him to say, and now you're mad.
Adorably petulant.
@@bazzfromthebackground3696 my family is from Macedonia, which was ruled by empires until 1991, upon our independence from Yugoslavia. This occurred within a similar timeframe as other Eastern bloc states shaking off the USSR, after much of them were forcibly integrated into the then-latest version of the Russian empire. You might not have noticed this, but we don’t exactly build statues commemorating the eastern bloc’s leaders today, when not a part of these large transnational states.
It’s dishonest to create a video on “colonialism” and not include anything of note about that history. In fact, given this man is from northwestern Europe, omitting this information is suspect, given he undoubtedly has had access to populations of people who are still alive from that time. But no: that’s too difficult I suppose.
Thank you Fredda for your work, once again an amazing video. I appreciate your citations and methodical nature in your video essays. The connection between Capitalism and Colonialism/Imperialism going hand in hand is a vital aspect of history to be understood. Also your discussion of the term Indigenous as the counterpart to the Colonizer was really helpful, as I have been struggling to express the concept since it was introduced to me by Fanon's works.
Thank you again !!
Good example in uyeope Settler colonbialism of Albanians on Kosovo-its cneturies long villence and attacks and stealign lands from native serbian population.violence contiunues till this day udner portecion of imeprilist nato wiuth colonisng albanisn before had support of nazi germany,imperilist austria nad ottoman empire.
In before albnains were victims-report are from impeirlis sutro hunagary whcih hated Serbs and wanted loyal albanian puppets in region.
I want to colonize
Please consider making a response video to the ideology of ''Right-Wing Progressivism'' by UBERSOY..
Is Fredda a tankie? Mentioning "decolonization efforts" in the USSR and not all of their colonial holdings they extracted resources out of?
Well, regardless if Fredda is a tankie or not, plenty of tankies watched this video and seem to be in his audience. I don't think I can rely on Fredda for nuanced positions on complicated topics anymore.
if you use the term tankie unironically you are an unserious person, also "colonialism in the USSR" tells me you don't really know anything about soviet history apart from what western propaganda tells you
@@domba2003 speaking of tankies, one replied to me being offended by the term.
@@knighter1209 please tell me what is a tankie
@@domba2003 it originated from communists in Britain when the USSR crushed protests with tanks in Hungary. Basically you're a Russian nationalist with extra steps.
@@domba2003Oh come on... That's just pathetic... Stalinism and National Bolsheviki are a bunch of stupid sh_t that really put a number on Communism's name, even bringing other Socialist and the entire Left wing movement with them.
Denying this is stupid beyond measure for any sane leftists
For me, this video fails to answer the one question that it seemingly wants to adress, namely why the different waves of colonialism are described as part of one phenomenon, but previous cases of military domination and conquests are not, even though these cases seem much more similiar to the first wave than then first wave is to the fourth wave. the only answer i can think of is some kind kind of telelogical arguments which isnt very satisfying imo.
Same day Fredda & Spice8rack upload goes hard as fuck
8:17 wait how come Mexico is part of the global south and therefore it's on the periphery of colonization (or whatever you said)
yet the USA is not part of the Global South even though it was colonized just like Mexico was at some point.
Both North America and South America were colonized at roughly the same time, yet North America is blue, and Mexico is red. wtf.
And so was Australia and New Zealand.
Because successful SETTLER colonial states are First World, since they have the descendants of colonizers living there on the spoils of imperialism, while the Latin American region is too exploited to count as global North
your thumbnails are always so intriguing
The expansion of capitalist markets into India actually caused famine. The British Empire wanted to promote the growing of cash crops (mainly cotton) by Indian farmers for export to England and so began demanding that taxes be paid in cash whereas in the past taxes could be paid with any crop. As a result more farmers began devoting land to cotton production and less to grain production, resulting in a massive surge in the cost of food, which had previously been rather affordable in most of India. This is cited as the primary caused of the Great Famine of 1876-1878.
It's actually a point people bring up when responding to capitalist apologetics. "No capitalist system ever caused famines on par with what socialism did!" Except it did, a lot.
If one were apply the same logic used to justify the 100 million deaths "due to socialist policies" to capitalist policies, the death toll of capitalism would easily be equal to that, if not far exceed all the deaths caused by "socialism".
To what extent and type would you consider communist powers to be colonial? For example the USSR from the 1920s to Stalin to the Warsaw Pact, or China from the re-incorporation of Tibet and Xinjiang in 1948 to the modern day? Was it simply state repression/violence or was it also colonialism?
The best dispute to minimization of colonialisms’ effect is the Congo. The RICHEST country is one of the poorest. Exports of precious metals is one of the easiest and most lucrative forms of trade a country can engage in. The thought these people are somehow too simple to organize a mining union and find a market for something like cobalt ,that is in extremely high demand, is juvenile at best and racist at worst.
It’s important we don’t mince words or play semantics w these types of people; what about them makes them inadequate if imperialistic powers are not to blame?
Sorry to burst you bubble but the congo is not the richest country if we go by resources, that would be Russia, if we stick to Africa only then there are 8 countries ahead of it like South Africa and Angola. Not disputing it's getting exploited but it ain't the "RICHEST"
@@MegaTang1234 1/3 the value 2% the size of Russia, the projections of cobalt and copper value(which DRC holds 1/3 and 1/10 of the global supply, respectively).whilst liberal I don’t believe it’s hyperbolic to contend so.
A lot of great material i can use to help me understand. Thanks so much. Will recommend and share
Someone has a poster of Fanon in their bedroom...
And an idol of Wallerstein in their hallway...
Based
"Capitalism has created the market insentives for colonisation which have led to the greatest crimes humanity, including the trans atlantic slave trade and Belgian Congo. In school, we are taught communist is bad because of a famine."
-Paraphrasing a tweet i once saw a screenshot of
Those intensives existed prior to Capitalism, what changed was an increase of logistical and technological progress and efficiency, those modes of extraction were made possible.
@@airlesscanvas6425And what led to the technological and logistical capacity that allowed Europe to industrialize in the first place? Could it be that perhaps their extraction of resources and labor by installing colonies allowed them to lead to such innovations? Read a book.
@@jkabrams341 You are making a chicken or the egg issue. Europeans got the advanced technology and logistics first and then built the original colonial empires and used those resources to advance technology further and so the cycle continued.
@@airlesscanvas6425 Those innovations would not have been possible without the resources they extracted from other countries. That's not to say that Europe didn't make its own achievements (Magna Carta,
etc.), but for instance it wasn't possible for the UK to industrialize without feeding its population. So they cornered the market through their colonies and forced them to import what they made in return for the resources the colonies produced to keep food cheaper. That's why colonialism wasn't possible without capitalism
@@jkabrams341But they needed those innovations to conquer in the first place, and even then they just barely managed to conquer the new world. Even if you consider the new world the diseases and how they devastated the native populations, Europeans conquest of the area was very lucky on their part. Even then (when slavery was concerned) They couldn't just march into Africa and take the slaves by force. Europeans bought them with the industrial goods they made.
Fredda, could you make a video on the Mongol Conquest, its short - and long-term effects ?
Can't wait for the Fredda video on the lost cause and the Civil War.
*The American Civil War.
Botswana and Malaysia show post-colonial countries can get rich by embracing an open market.
As a Ukranian I will say including Ukraine in the global north and Georgia in the global south despite Ukraine being poorer, less developed, and a victim of Russian colonialism for centuries and RIGHT NOW feels wrong in a way.
I always found the phrase to be dumb and reductionist, despite a lot of academics making use of it. Separating nearly 200 countries into two blanket categories isn't very helpful.
Dude had a whole segment on colonial artificial famines and didn't even mention the Holodomor. Also him portraying the USSR as anti colonial is straight up evil
@Urgaas he said an anticolonial policy was attempted in the 1920s, he did not say that it continued throughout the existence of the USSR. Most of this video is sourced from the book "Colonialism: a global history" I woupd expect that the indigeneity policy was mentioned as a footnote in the history of colonialism's developement over time and didn't follow the developement and failure of the policy later on.
Stop sitting at home and go fight lol
That’s why I feel core and periphery are much more apt descriptions, because they recognize geography is only one part of a country’s relation to the global economy.
While i dont agree with anything you say fredda i admire your dedication to UA-cam you clearly enjoy what you do and as a capitalist i do respect that and i respect your opinion on us i come here to say be respectful and polite when commenting people be kind be polite its hard i know political discussions get heated and in the moment i .... Understand you may say some things you regret but try to be kind and respectful and put yourself in the other sides shoes see things the way the other side sees them thank you have a great day everyone ❤
Please (don't) stop colonizing my front page
Neo colonialism is easier and cheaper. Colonial powers don't really need to do much. Aboriginal elites craving colonial luxuries and services do what occupying armies used to do in the past... and they do it voluntarily.
LONG LIVE THE REVOLUTION!
Just wanted to let you know, dude, that your channel has greatly helped me with my academic studies!
It baffles my mind how this video still only has a half of a hundred thousand views while other channels that spew their ideological drivel can easily rake up to a million, please continue doing God's work!
7:17 ok but Turkey, a direct descendant of Ottoman Empire, does still exist
what's your point
Turkey literally has a colonized population of Kurds within their borders what's your point here.
I would love to see you Fredda or someone else make videos on a critical marxist analysis of anime/popular east asian cultural media like manhwa and manga. Also I would like to see someone apply class analysis and social history to more fictional settings like xianxia worlds.
those pro-colonial development theory often ignore the post-colonial government policy like in south korea and taiwan.
May I ask what that policy is?
@@something1600 development throught creating export oriented indutry and reverse brain drain.
@@wuthichaiauomsin6237It's not as simple as that. The US had a hand on allowing SK and Taiwan to develop as they are only because they didn't want a communist revolution to happen (which never would have anyway). You're also forgetting that those export oriented strategies came hand in hand with authoritarianism.
@@wuthichaiauomsin6237 Genuine question, What is a "reverse brain drain" exactly?
@@aribantala just democratization so the best and brightest that work for american semiconductor industry to come back and set up business here.
7:14 Why aren't Greeks asking for compensation to the turks then?
Uhhh i dont know how to feel about you specifically discussing England/Britain without mentioning the actually indigenous brythonic populations that the welsh draw descent from
It was merely ment for example, that's probably why he didn't elaborate further than he did.
Great video, thanks for this!
It started off well but it went completely off the rails 16 minutes in when the author made the outrageous claim that indigenous Israelites liberating and decolonizing the land stolen from them by the Roman and Arab colonizers who call themselves pALeStiNiAnS is somehow European colonization, "pALeStiNiAn" people are European and Arab colonizers of land stolen from indigenous Israelites and 1948 was when that colonization was stopped
@xp8969 always funny seeing zionists trying to use progressive speak to defend israel
@@eeeertoo2597 I've been a Leftist for 40 years now, it's gross seeing nazis like you pretend to be Leftists to spread your nazi propaganda
Hot take: both world wars were wars of succession. 💀
Both world wars were Germany trying to have an empire in Europe and being slapped.
I'd say that applies absolutely in the case of WW2, but less clearly in WW1.
WW1 was just an all round imperialist dogfight by all the involved parties.@@PlatinumAltaria
WW1 is an extension to the Thirty Years war, Monarchs trying to honor their alliances and brought half of the world with it.
WW2 is an extension to WW1, a petty warlord state felt bitter they lost the fight, instigated extremist idea instead
@@aribantala are you familiar with Sean McFate? He warns of the rise of mercenary groups. As of 2024 some groups have larger militaries than entire countries. A return to a Middle Ages type system. Techno feudalism according to Varoufakis.
Incredible video
Truth. Nice pfp
You could also say that the crusades were a sort of dry run for a lot of the things Europeans used effectively during the colonial period.
My fav Norwegian at it again
Moral of the story: Unfair explotation is wrong.
(Unless the Soviets, Chinese, or any other communist state does it.)
@airlesscanvas6425 Oh, I'm sorry. Let me amend my comment. Unfair exploration is wrong no matter who's doing it or whom/what it's being done to.
@@leviathanfafner I love the leftist mental gymnastics leftists required for them to chastise the western nations they hate while protecting the dictatorships they like.
@@airlesscanvas6425- neolib whos only worried about colonialism when they can use it as a sledgehammer against russia
Its so amazing to get such a concise video on such a loaded and convaluted topic; am still processing the information, only thing Ive got is the portuguese got to turn taiwan into formosa first and then the spanish arrived as well.
hi fredward
Hey man, incredible work. I'll admit, I don't watch you much, I associate myself with Libertarians (snake fuckers), as flawed as they are, and usually like to hear from centrist or right-leaning sources more than I should. A lot of what you packed into here is really important to hear, to the extent that I never knew/considered how much capitalists, specifically conglomerates that pre-date corporates (The example you mentioned of Leopold's business in the Congo, along with the "East Indies" companies of the English and Dutch, etc.), played a role in colonial expansionism. I honestly saw them more as a vehicle for colonial expansion and income for the states that they descended or operated from, when in reality they acted much more as their own entity, which states often taxed for profit. This is honestly a very consistent, re-occurring role that business/capitalists play in everything, being often the "pioneers" or most willing to cooperate with any rather distasteful entity, regardless of morality. Although I must say there are some disagreeable parts here and there, or potential flaws (as all things are), this really was a good summary and even something I'd recommend to my friends (they aren't nerdy enough for this though). I especially thank you for that video on TIKHistory; I was dumb enough to not take caution (a "grain" of salt) with his historical readings.
17:37 "in Xinjiang"? Did I hear it right? Did you compare Xinjiang and Israel?
I mean 2 genocides based on "defeating terrorism", sounds about right
@@Ben_Hard Not even in the same universe of bad. The US army killed more Uighurs fighting in Afghanistan with the the Taliban than China is even accused of doing by its most extreme enemies. That comparison is spitting in the face of Gazans.
@@chriss780 there's millions in concentration camps and forced sterilisation en masse. "Disappearing" people is barely better than killing, and genocide=genocide.
@@Ben_Hard please look into where you're getting your sources, and check the bias thereof. the only people claiming millions in concentration camps are funded and/or affiliated with the US government, likewise with forced sterilization. you will repeatedly come to see "Adrian Zenz" "ASPI" "Radio Free Asia" etc
@@chriss780 Maybe because China as a state has repressive capabilities far beyond Israel and its control over Altishahr is utterly unchallenged. So they just put them into camps, settle Chinese everywhere and push extreme assimilation policies on the remaining population.
Of course a different scenario than what Israel is doing, but ultimately we should speak out against colonization in all forms, right?
I am a simple man. I see Cecil Rhodes, I click.
I call bullshit at many points, but especially wave 2. China, the Islamic world and India were absolutely not more advanced then Europe in the 1500s, by almost any metric. Europe had nlre advanced technologies (ex navigation), societies (early capitalism, printing press, nation states...) and by far better militaries (keeping up despite being obscenely outnumbered and very far from home). The islamic state was falling behind, especially outside the Otoman territory, India was a disfunctional state ruled by a foreign ruler and China was a declining, inefficient, burocratic state.
Lmao comparing them to china then using their genocide of native americans as an example as to why they were more advanced than the chinese, incredible mental gymnastics
You're tripping calling what happened on the British Isles just migrants. Even the last incursion in 1066 by the Normans that was already made on previous invaders that displaced the Celts was both violent and colonial.
Violent:
Military conquest: The Normans defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings, killing King Harold II and many of his soldiers.
Massacres and atrocities: Norman forces committed massacres, burned towns, and slaughtered civilians, especially in the north of England.
Imposition of feudalism: The Normans introduced a feudal system, displacing Anglo-Saxon landowners and imposing harsh rules on the local population.
Colonial:
Displacement of native rulers: The Normans replaced Anglo-Saxon kings and nobles with their own rulers, erasing native leadership.
Cultural suppression: Norman culture, language, and customs were imposed on the native population, suppressing Anglo-Saxon identity.
Land expropriation: Normans seized land from Anglo-Saxon owners, redistributing it among themselves and establishing a new ruling class.
Exploitation of resources: The Normans exploited England's resources, including its agricultural produce, minerals, and labor force.
The Norman invasion had a profound impact on the British Isles, shaping the course of English history, language, culture, and politics. It was undoubtedly a violent and colonial process that displaced and marginalized the native populations.
She be settling my colonialism until I capital
AAVE is not funny
@@jasonhaven7170 you sound insufferable