Three Phase Electricity Basics and Calculations electrical engineering
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- Опубліковано 29 вер 2024
- SEE NEW VIDEO HERE: • How 3 Phase Power work...
In this video we learn how three phase electricity works from the basics. We explain how three phase electricity is generated, how the voltages vary, how to calculate the voltages and vrms, what frequency, hertz and cycle mean and how we get two different voltages from a three phase supply. We look at wye and delta, transformers and generators. We start with a simple single phase AC generator and then add in a second and third phase to under stand its working principle.
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#electricity #electrical #engineering
*Important* Please watch the newer version of this video LINK:👉 LINK: ua-cam.com/video/c9gm_NL7KyE/v-deo.html
Dude the kids/teens growing up and going to high school and college have no idea how fortunate they are that people like you are putting these type of educational videos on various subjects. It makes it much easier to understand rather than just hearing from your teacher or reading a book (which even I never understood right away) since I am a visual learner. I wish I had these type of videos for reference when I was in high school/college.
free education right here
it's like they want somebody to learn it 🤷🏼♂️😝🤪
Actually todays generation will not realize how lucky they are. Accept for some smart kids.
yes, but they are not here, they are getting their brains fried by tiktok
I appreciate it alot, i am currently studying for my bachelors exam and this guy saves my ass hahah
Oh yeah. The way they have modern school set up is ridiculous on so many levels.
I received my bachelor’s of electrical engineering in 2001 and wish this video was available (it is much better than many of my professors in able to explain it from a pragmatic view). It helps me reinforce and gives me tips how to better explain power. Many thanks.
I enjoyed the ac power generation part. Very intuitive, thanks for sharing.
euro moved to 230v 400v.they started in 1985 and in 20 years they slowly moved from 220V/ 380V to 230V /400V
just a heads up.
maybe hes recording this video in 1999...
lol
Actually not all the europe, in eastern erupe its 220V and 380V (Serbia), but it depends if you mesure in a household near a transformer or in the one awey, wors example ive seen is 260V as the max in my village (house is snext to trafo field) and the min ive seen is 140V, but it accures when there are problems like heavy storm or winter
Exactly that, what Germany have, 230V/400V.
220/380 was in USSR so 220/380 is dead history in EU
I like how YT now thinks I'm a professional electrician. My ad experience has changed since I began watching these types of vids XD
Wish can learn all your videos
This is useful information
We have been calling it 230V in Denmark for decades.
At 2:15 you mentioned “2 phase” US system will be covered in another video but I cannot find it. Is it still in work?
We've not finished it yet, these animations take a while to make.
Watch this video on US electricity: ua-cam.com/video/fJeRabV5hNU/v-deo.html
why each coil is place at 120 degrees phase shift
9:55 why devided by 4?
I'm speechless. I've been watching this series for hours. I am a high voltage electrician apprentice. Generation, transmission and distribution substations...
This video series on electrical theory, single and 3 phase power is simply perfect.
Information taught this well is literally priceless and it's free to all. As it should be. However. Your effort in production and your ability to convey concepts is unmatched.
I can't thank you enough, not just for myself but for anyone watching this and learning from it.
What a gift.
mohamde
MedDjama
I watch many videos teaching this subject and this channel is by far is the best. Don't waste your time watching others.
agree
came here only to say this exact line, im learning more than i learned in my 4 years of tech uni
There is nothing else like this channel. The dedication with which these videos are made is commendable. The animations. The narration. The concepts. The excel sheet!
4:40-6:33 Two corrections:
* The waveforms are not correct. From Faraday's law, we know the induced EMF in the coils due to the rotating magnetic field, is proportional to the _rate of change_ of the magnetic flux through the coils, not proportional to the flux itself. So at time 4:59, when the magnetic field is maximum as stated in the video, the induced EMF is actually zero (not maximum as the video says) because the rate of change of the flux is zero at that instant. At time 5:09, when the magnetic field is zero as stated in the video, the induced EMF is actually maximum (not zero as the video shows) because the rate of change of the flux is maximum at that instant.
* An AC voltmeter reads the RMS value of voltage, not the instantaneous value as the animation show.
This channels teaches you things within few minutes ...whereas in colleges or educational institutes it take almost 3 to 4 years to get concept clear ..Great channel .
If someone doesn't understand stuff,you refer to the internet. It's written in every religious book. I struggled with data structures and algorithms in school so,I referred to UA-cam. It wasn't easy at first but I eventually got the hang of it, schools and colleges don't have the liberty of giving special attention to each student.
You missed the point. It isnt that they didnt understand their professors the first time and had to refer to youtube. Its that universities take years to teach stuff that could viably be taught by a youtube video in a few minutes.
You would think that a credetation site which charges such high prices would be more efficient at educating their customers, if the information is already freely available on the internet.
There are people here saying that their universities never even taught this stuff at all, which, before you say is them not paying attention, well, they wouldnt have passed and recieved their major then, but they did.
You would think that if you have to pay such a premium to recieve an education at a university, you'd learn enough to not have to leave comments like the original one posted here. The point is that we're really only going to a university for creditation and to network, because the good education seems to be happening on the internet
@@samo6401 who do you think is better off, someone who watched a 5 minute video, or someone who spent 4 years thinking about their subject. Theres a lot to be said about colleges failing, but its not one giant 4 year multipart youtube video that can be condensed into 5 minutes, when you are in college you are practicing the material, after a 4 minute video on youtube, you arent done knowing everything about something, its not like your education is complete. This is survey, which has its place, but you shouldn't conflate the two things as if they were exchange-able.
@@Triggs-Music thats not what we're talking about here. We dont mean the entire collective knowledge of all of the classes people took in college. We mean one topic, where in college, you need to spend years taking preliminary courses as well as gen eds just to finally get to it at the end, when you couldve understood it with just a 5 minute video, and you need to pay for all of that. You didnt need all of the college experience, you may have not needed the preliminary courses, you didnt need the gen eds, and as much as I agree with you that education isnt complete without practice, if there are college grads here saying that this was never taught in their coursework, do you think they practiced? No.
Thank god for the internet. Information like this used to be hidden behind a massive paywall.
@@samo6401 how is what I said or the other guy green goblin for that matter not what we are talking about. If I’m adding to the point that’s not me changing the subject, if I reject your point with a new point then it’s part of the said conversation. If it weren’t then no one could ever argue and every idea or thought would Have to be accepted as true.. with that, I agree with you that colleges are failing and the quality of education is absolutely terrible, that god there is indeed an alternative. But what you are understanding in 5 minutes here is not all there is to the subject. There is a point to being around people who know the subject. The role of teacher is not just learning but also help knowing where to look next. If you are forever doing this on your own, you’ll get stuck eventually in basics videos. I have to say but I’ll stop here for now
You just taught me more with 2 videos than my entire High School on this topic.
Sub/Notif.
lol
For anyone curious as to why Vmax is exactly sqrt(2) x Vrms, here's basically why
What having equal heating power means is basically that the integral of the AC wave's power is equal to that of the DC current, and over a fixed time, they'll transfer the same amount of thermal energy to the block.
Using basic formulas, we can see that P = VI and V = IR. These can be merged to solve for power, as being P = V^2/R. Letting R be the same between both scenarios which is required, we get P proportional to V^2
The energy of one AC waveform with voltage Vac*sin(t) (no frequency or phase offset since we are just looking at a single waveform) should equal a DC source with voltage Vdc, and since energy is the integral of power with respect to time, we can show that;
∫(Vac(sin(t))^2 dt = ∫Vdc^2 dt
for the range between 0 and 2pi (one waveform)
Solving these integrals gives pi*Vac^2 = 2pi*Vdc^2
Re-arranging gives us Vac = sqrt(2*Vdc^2). If we were to sub in an RMS/Vdc of 120v, we get Vac = sqrt(2*120^2) = 169.71 ~= 170V
This is where that sqrt(2) conversion factor comes from.
Good point well made.
It is really interesting to see how other countries handle the electrical installation / infrastructure! But the most countries in Europe (for example Germany) also use 230 / 400 Volt 😃
Poland use 230V also England use 230V
@@PrzemekSzmigielski In Italy 230/400V too
Netherlands 230V
Correction, the voltage used throughout Europe (including the UK) has been harmonised since January 2003 at a nominal 230v.
So UK 240V and EU 220V is false.
Love the video, just wanna add that most of the EU runs on 230/400V and 50Hz instead of the 220/380V you mentioned
yup
Yes, the entire EU has standardized it grid on 230V since 2009. Including the UK. This video uses the pre-2009 voltages. Though the concepts are the same and the video is still as useful!
love this guy who explains better than my teacher.
your videos are way underrated and the views do not reflect the content super helpful
This is a great video. 208 3 Phase is however regionally specific in the US, and 480v 3 phase is much more common in some areas, especially concerning HVAC and some generators. I work at a commercial property that's about 30 years old in which one property tenant has 3 phase 208 and their neighbor 40 feet away has 3 phase 480v. it would be great to include this in future videos or update. All in all though I love The Engineering Mindset videos!
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
That last 2 minutes my mind just went from off the charts to wow it all makes sense now and always wondered where the 208v came from. Thank you for you're knowledge and dedication to teaching along and make it so easier to understand
Fantastic Video as always, thanks!
Just have to say the standard in the UK is now 230V at LV or 216V-254V as regulations allow for +10%/-6% from 230V, so 240V is still acceptable and confuses some people.
Source: Work for Electricity Board
I almost put a section about this and the EU voltage tolerance changes but in the end settled on covering the basics with a single value.
The Engineering Mindset I agree with you for mentioning single value of 1ph and 3ph voltage to avoid any confusion of the listeners.However, a general statement can be given stating that there is upto +/- 19 tolerance that various country to country per local electrical authorities.
Yes, and also in all EU countries 230V is standard voltage for at least 15 years now.
@@EngineeringMindset Interesting videos. UK & Europe were harmonised about 1992. I was working in T&M calibration/service centre and we had to amend hundreds/thousands of Metrology Support Packages when calibrating/testing/certifying each item of DVM, multimeter, PAT tester etc. as the test points/results would be across the expected range of supply voltage. Effectively both sides converged on nominal voltage of 230V, Europe was 220V plus tolerance and UK 240V minus tolerance. ISTR approx 7% of UK mains supply came undersea from generation in France etc. and was a practical driver to harmonise.
Check our new Multimeter tutorial out ➡️ ua-cam.com/video/4lAyzRxsbDc/v-deo.html
The two prong plugs in the US are no longer used, they are all grounded or 3 prong like everyone else, been that way since the 90s
Love your videos. You explain things well! I think you should have kept all the calculations for a different video though. It didn't mix well with the explanation of what 3 phase actually is.
3 phase in America is 480VAC. I've been an industrial electrician for almost 49 years! So please check your facts.
I think he was talking about just houses for that blip. I doubt the UK is running their manufacturing and heavy industry off 415V
Wow!! Super Clare for me sir. You are the best of the best.
Your video's are the best I've ever seen. I know everything you discussed but if I were a new student I would have learned more in 15 minutes than reading my text books for hours at a time. I wish these were around when I was a kid, just so much easier visually seeing how something works that trying to decipher it from written text.
RMS Voltage is the Voltage, where the area between the graph and 0 line of the voltage is the same size for either AC or DC. That is a mathematical function and results in a factor of root 2 ~1.41 between the voltages
How *SINGLE PHASE* electricity works ➡️ ua-cam.com/video/W0_1xRqT8uU/v-deo.html
What are different ways to differentiate non color coded phase 1 2 and 3 without using a power analyzer.
i just leveled up my electrical knowledge by 10V now. Thanks!!
right?
Here in Africa, your videos have exposed in depth as well as clarifying science and engineering concept down to basis. I have learned tremendously from the tons of videos you made. Thumbs up.
Wow, i couldn't get a better explanation than this. Thanks a lot
Australian standard for voltage is 240
correct me if i am wrong but i think the formula for voltage instantaneous is not working when it is VI = Vmax x sin(radians) compared to his answers the formula would be VI = Vmax x sin(degrees of rotation) would someone confirm please
As others previously mentioned In the USA the home or residential 120V/240V are a single phase 240V line where the center tap is the neutral. At 2:11 while your diagram is correct, the labeling calling the ends phase 1 and phase 2 is confusing and not technically correct. It is a single 240V phase that has been split into two 120V branches, but both branches are still in the same single phase.
If I could get multiple phases just by splitting a single phase then converting from single phase to 3 phase wouldn't be such a pain.
Yes, we covered that in great detail here ua-cam.com/video/fJeRabV5hNU/v-deo.html
Great video, just 1 question, what is the difference between connecting to 3 or 2 phases. In the last part you said there phase voltage (neutral and line) and then you mentioned line to line voltage, but you are only connecting 2 phases in line to line, what about the third??
A 3 phase network allows you to connect different devices that have different needs. You could have a device that needs single phase voltage but needs 208V. You would then connect it between 2 phases. The next device could be single phase again but needs 120V, you would then connect it line-neutral. And then, you could have a motor at the end that needs triphase power. You would connect it line-line-line in either a delta setup to get 208V on the motor coils, or in a wye setup to get 120V on the coils. All that using the exact same supply. The reason to connect one or multiple lines depends on the device needs.
Another way to think about it is that RMS is unusually 70% of the peak value. So that is why you get 120v if the peak to peak is 170.
I don't know man,how your videos manage to taught me all necessary knowledge,which I supposed to get in my university.I didn't understand it on my native language, However, you nailed it in few minutes in English,just bloody miracle of your teacher's talent,hats off to you,Paul,and sincere gratitude
Sir please make same informative vedio on 3 phase axial flux alternator (generator)
USA IS 120/240 SPLIT PHASE OR 3 PHASE 120/208 DELTA DELTA OR 120/240 DELTA Y
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
My 1st year as an apprentice electrician summed up in 15 minutes haha.
What a great video but unfortunately, I can’t view it until the end for some reason. Can’t wait to see more about three phase in the other video you referred to.
At 5:02 when N is facing the upper coil, something else happens. When the N pole is right in front of the coil, emf=0 ! There is no current.
Explanation :
As the N pole approached the upper coil, the magnetic flux through it was increasing so current was generated in one direction, but now as the N pole is moving away from the coil, the magnetic flux is decreasing so current will switch the flowing direction !!! Its all about dPhi/dt ( change in mag flux). It is not dependent on the intensity of the field lines in the coil, but in the change of the field lines through the coil. Therefore in between these increase and decrease of m. flux, the current is assumed to be 0 ( ideally, if no self inductance is taken into account). Maximum current through the coil is obtained when N and S are perpendicular to the coils, that’s when phi varies the most.
Despite this small detail, i found your vid very useful.
Thanks a lot for all your videos, they’re of great value! All the best!
Thanks for ur comment, I got confused at the beginning after watching "How three phase electricity works" where he mentioned that the strength of the magnetic field gets to its minimum (in its poles) when its vertical while in this video it's the opposite!
N.J Production you’re welcome. We’re all here to learn and share knowledge. Its important to notice the flux change in the coil because that’s when EMF is generated!
All the best!
Pentru un nestiutor ca mine: daca din vânt sau apa, reusesc sa fac un rotor, el trebuie sa se invarta in jurul statorului de 220 pe secunda? ..si am in gand doar pentru alimentare casnica...sau poate a explicat dar nu am inteles. Multumesc! :)
Thank you! I was already looking for an hour where I was wrong! So if the pole is in front of the coil, current direction changes because of change from increasing magnetic flux to decreasing magnetic flux?
@@stijnlagache exactly. Where N is right in front, the Mag Flux is at it’s maximum, then it starts decreasing through the coil, leading to a reversed emf generated in the coil due to now decreasing mag flux. Despite the case when N was approaching the coil, the mag flux was increasing through it.
Love this guy..😍
went to NJIT back in 09-13' and no one ever explained this as clearly. great for upcoming engineers!
Knowledge being taught must be as in this active and readable way , not just those fixed graph and vague words !
Anyway , thanks for your brief but elaborate teaching !
Chuck from Taiwan
Why stop at three phases? Seems like there is some dead space that could be utilized in the gen
Would also like to know. But my guess it is dictated by standardization. 3 phase is already a step up from standard 1 phase. The local Powerstation wouldn't want to make a 360phase generators to satisfy 1 client who has a custom built motor that wants to save electricity.
One reason is that three phase electricity can naturally drive an induction motor because it can create a Rotating Magnetic Field (RMF). These induction motors are very simple and easy to maintain and used in industrial applications in factories that get 3-phase power direct from the power company. Creating more phases is unnecessary to reach this capability and just adds more wires. The brushless motor in an Electrical Vehicle (EV) is three phase AC motor. It is fed power from the on-board DC battery via an Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) which creates and modules three phase power via precise electronic switching of three banks of MOSFET transistors. Varying the frequency of the generated three phase output will also vary the motor's speed. This is done these days by an inexpensive microprocessor running a firmware program that receives throttle inputs from the user/driver and controls the three MOSFET banks. Having more than three phases here would also be of little benefit.
Check out the new BLDC Motor video: ua-cam.com/video/yiD5nCfmbV0/v-deo.html
See my new MOSFET explained video here➡️: ua-cam.com/video/AwRJsze_9m4/v-deo.html
Hi , can I add cable sizing to the calculator ? also it will be use if you add Diesel generator sizing too
When I went to engineering college, they introduced all of this. When I couldn't grasp it, I asked them to go over it again. They said "don't worry about it, it will all makes sense as we go along". Well, it didn't. I was the stupidest kid in the class and after a couple of semesters of struggles I quit. Now, I watch a couple of video's that are well presented and I can scroll back and the dumb shit left and a smart guy entered the room. I cannot believe what the computer and intelligent teaching is doing for me. Funny thing is that I look at the graph showing the places where people scroll back and repeat? Turns out there must have been a huge percentage of people just like me that didn't get it on the first pass. These videos are un-fucking=believeable. Thank you to The Engineering Mindset. I hope they keep making or improving the material at those scrolled over parts!!!
Overview about the Voltages is a bit outdated. Europe (for me Germany) is now on 230V/400V.
Why do Germans come out with such negative comments???
@@paulraptis4187 What you call "negativity" is called facts in other parts of the world (or internet).
As far as I know the country (Europe) where I live in is slowly increasing the voltage from 220V to 240V.
As far I know we have 230V at the moment.
It's been 230 V here in Sweden since 1988 or something, and I think most of Europe is about the same. But it is a small detail, doesn't really matter, as the video is more about what 3-phase is, and not the voltage used by each country.
In the 18th edition of the wiring regulations, the Nominal voltage in the UK is 230/400v. Up to 10% above and 6% below this value is exceptable.
480V 3 phase is also very common in the US.
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
I thought I'd let you know since you keep mentioning that european power systems run on 220/380 VAC whereas, at least speaking for Sweden and the nordic countries (probably all of the EU), we use 230/400 VAC. It's covered in SS-EN 60038 / "CENELEC standard voltages". Great video nonetheless! :-)
Nice reference. Europe has been electrically harmonised but only really in policy and product design. The power transmission hasn't really made any changes, the 220v countries are still using 220v but they're allowed to go down to 207 or up to 243V. As this is a basics video I went for one voltage value and then gave different options around the world to cover them. Glad you enjoyed though
@@EngineeringMindset According to wikipedia all EU countries use 230V (Including the UK). Only French Guiana (located in America) is using 220V
@@EngineeringMindset here in Austria I get the exact same reeding as you on the multimeter measuring between LN ~235V and L1L2L3 ~410V. The standard voltage is 230V/400V since decades.
Check our new Multimeter tutorial out ➡️ ua-cam.com/video/4lAyzRxsbDc/v-deo.html
This video appears to contradict the previous 3-phase electricity video (How three phase electricity works) about the intensity of the magnetic field in relation to the position of the poles. Could you please clarify?
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
Marvelous, However I would like to know why we do not use a neutral line when we have 3 phases. Could u make a video explaining that please?
Power flows back and forth in the other phases depending on the timing. You can then have a « floating » device that only needs the 3 lines. Now the reason why you want a neutral or not is a theme for a whole other discussion, a complete series would be needed for that. If I sum it up rapidly, implication of having a neutral vs none, aside from allowing 2 different voltage to be seen by the equipment, has to do with when fault occurs ( lightning strike, short circuit, harmonics mitigations etc..) When a fault occurs, the extreme amount of power has to go somewhere. Being connected to neutral or not will have effect on what power the equipment will have to deal with during a fault, and what the other equipments on the same network will see when a fault occurs at the neighbour device. This is the basis of grid management. Stuff that substation engineers, power device manufacturers, and electricity manufacturer ( Utilities) have to deal with on a daily basis.
Three phase AC theory always blew my mind in college lol 😂 apparent power, real power and reactive power 😂
@ 2:20 it's not 2 phase, it's called split phase. But I am sure you just miss spoke. Thanks for an awesome video.
Depends on where you're taught UK/US universities call it either
@@LennyDeee I don't doubt that, that is not the only thing they teach in the university's. But on the sirious note. It comes off a single phase and stepped down through a multi tapped xformer that is grounded in the center . The 2 hot wires are not 180* opposed to each other. (True 2 phase was used in old radar systems) Hance the name SPLIT PHASE. And remember kids those who know do, and those who don't teach.
Except...In North America, we really do not call our 240 volt basic electricity, wired into almost every home or business, two-phase. It is split phase or 3 wire single phase. Therefore, we have single phase and also three phase.
Yep, covered that in this video ua-cam.com/video/fJeRabV5hNU/v-deo.html
Seen our new 3 phase transformer video?➡️: ua-cam.com/video/u0SsejDCVkU/v-deo.html
Amazing video as always ! Love this channel
Thanks for your comment :D
Thanks for your comment :D
Nice vid for me sir thanks alot
Our country (Czech republic) is part of EU but we use 230V single phase and 400V Three phase
Great vid mann!!! Thanks for all the formulas!! Well explained!!!
Great as always! Can you please make a video about what’s happening to a 3 phase motor if we lose one phase? A blown fuse for example. We call it “Single phasing” but I don’t understand why... We have two phases. So, then why single phasing? What’s the sine wave there? Average of two left? And one more thing. I want to buy your excel file, but I am from Russia. Which one fits me? Thank you in advance))
Will add those to the list 😉
The files are the same, it's just the currency that's different so maybe £ or euro is cheaper for you
I mean do I need the file for EU?) Thanks a lot))
The EU one will be fine. The download is variable so you can change it to any voltage you like and it automatically updates :D
Станислав Карамов I hope you don't mind if I take a stab at your question! In three phase you have 4 connection points A,B,C,N. please consider that phase is truly sine wave not connection points. So A-B is phase 1, B-C is phase 2, and C-A is phase 3 assuming clockwise rotation. If one of the connection point is lost, let's pick B as gone. Since B does not have power anymore, the only connection that works is C-A, hence single phase. I hope this helps! Respectfully, Kevin
@@KevinCoop1 Thank youuuuu!! I love these videos and usually follow pretty well, but that distinction totally escaped me.
Thank you 🙏 to The Engineering Mindset and all crewmen and people that makes this possible, for all the information you give us.. many, many thanks 🙏 your channel is amazingly al’some, you teach us things that it will take 2-4 years for college to teach us... thanks once again..
Someone might have already said this but : Australia is 240V & 415V standard output.
Thanks for the great video.
Multiple people said it and multiple times I reply no it isn't. Australia is in the middle of a transition to align with the rest of the world (except North America) with 230V
Mate in Australia we have 240/415V not 230/400V please correct your video, if you want I can provide documentation stating this!
Mate australia is just the UK but the prison population, it's fine as is
Mates 15v here or there is not a factor...
depends which side of the black stump you live on maate
@@michaelcole8185 😂...,yes but some people cannot stand not getting the exact change back from the overworked waiter even though it takes 20 min...
I hope you tube pays you well for your efforts producing these video
UA-cam keep around 40% of all our ad revenue, but I do make some money still. Nothing compared to these kids uploading videos of themselves playing Xbox games though.
One question : So yeah electrons are being pushed back and forth by the North and South pole of the magnet, consider a single phase padmount transformer with high side bushingand hot wire coming into the front of the winding through bushing and the end of winding connected to the tank internally then grounded through external wire. I know it has zero potential since it's grounded, but it kind of contradict to the theory of electrons being push back and forth, it's like when you ground it and the electrons just got freeze up ??? Please let me know why a single route can have different phenomenon😢
i think there is a problem in phase 2 and phase 3 voltage calculation ...
i think phase 2 should be = vmax * sin(rad - (150*π / 180))
phase 3 should be = vmax * sin(rad - (210*π / 180))
in phase 2 at 60degree value should be 0
in phase 3 at 120deg value should be 0
Knowledge being taught must be as in this active and readable way , not just those fixed graph and vague words !
Anyway , thanks for your brief but elaborate teaching !
Chuck from Taiwan
Best explanation ever. Sine wave, 1 phase, 3 phase, V RMS, V Max. I'm just a country man and just start learning basic electronic and DIY stuff in my old age. I only understood after watching this video. Thank a lot
Honestly you deserve 1,000 thumbs up. And I just thumbs downed 2 other channels and even insulted one of their presentations and called it sucky. lol ur the bomb dude. I love ur channel! I don't care how negative I am. I'm honest.
Square root of 2 works for the RMS of a single phase and the square root of 3 works for line to line.
Only if the sine wave is perfect which it never is in reality. That's why you should buy true RMS equipment
@@EngineeringMindset What? It works as a general guideline as to where different numbers come from. 120v to 208v, 277v to 480v, etc. Instead of squaring up every 30 degree angle and then square rooting that... That example was also a general guideline.
2:22 - 2:42 : √3 ≈ 208÷120 ≈ 380÷220 ≈ 400÷230 ≈ 415÷240. Also at 14:00.
Thankyou so much.
It's very very helpfull.
I have been waiting for your next video
Marvelous video across youtube and sheer evidence of incredible enginerring teaching of this century
EU now uses 230VAC/400VAC. The vídeo needed that tiny update. But it's cool! ;)
11:25 at the 30° degree we multiply 170 with 0.5 but at the 60 and the 90 degree what should we multiply with the radian (at 60 degree 140*1.05 and at the 90 degree we multiply 110 with 1.5? ) if am i right what couse this 30 volt difference?
Australia uses 240v
Cannot believe how much I love this channel. Fantastic job at explaining everything so that we can pick up quickly.
Australia 240v and 415v
I jusy subscribed this channel after watching and learning in way like my elder brother teaches. Thanks brother. May Allah bless your more and more knowledge which never ends. 4m Pakistan.
Why is the the phase to neutral voltage the RMS of one phase BUT the line to line (1 phase to another phase [2 phases]) voltage the RMS of all three phases?
in three phase circuit you have actually 3x ph-ph voltage; like 3 different voltages - between L1 and L2, L2 and L3, L3 and L1. And each of those is 400V (for europe)
Kris All utility produced AC voltages have sine waves and are measured as RMS values whether stated or not. Unless stated as peak or peak to peak.
All these ppl in this comment section wanna teach, but don't have channels. Just say " Great video" and move on. Ur welcome
US/Canada is in fact 240VAC at the house and that's what large appliances use (Stove, oven, dryer, electric furnace, ...). The neutral, however is split at the transformer (utility pole or padmount) such that it lies between the two hots halfway. Mexico is slightly higher.
It is NOT 2 phases in use as your graphic suggests.
Also, sockets are hot, neutral and ground. Not 2 prong as suggested in your graphics (though some remain in very old houses).
Rotations depend on the number of poles per phase - so if the generator or motor has 10 poles per phase, then it would be 1/10th the speed, but 10X the torque (all other things being equal).j
The american system has different plugs for different voltages, (and currents)... you have the wrong plug for240V...
It's a nightmare of plugs....
You show a 120 volt, grounded plug; for 240 volts!
In your system, one could plug a 120 plug into the 240 volt receptical....
You show a single phase supply, (with a neutral). 2:09 time in.
Australia uses 240 volts not 230.
It's 230V nominal voltage in Australia. The voltage is being reduced from 240V to 230V to align with the rest of the world, but many parts haven't chnaged yet.
THANK YOU SO MUCH .. AFTER 35 YEARS NOW UNDERSTOOD THE STUFF BETTER . IT WAS DIFFICULT IMAGINING , WHAT EVER WAS TAUGHT IN THEORY , SO WE HAD TO MUG UP FOR EXAMS THOSE DAYS .
THANKS TO YOUR WILLINGNESS AND RESEARCH TO FIND BETTER WAYS TO TEACH SO THAT CONCEPTS ARE CLEAR TO OLDER GENERATIONS LIKE ME . EXCELLENT KNOWLEDGE AND TEACHING SKILL .
While this video does an amazing job at explaining, I actually followed along on my own excel, and I have a question. Why did you make the square of 85 7200 and not 7225. Same for 147 squared and even 170 squared.
Actually in Canada, you can have 120v/208v (basic distribution and lighting) and 347v/600v for bigger demand (commercial/industrial such as drives or lighting). Hydro-Quebec by default in industrial or commercial applications actually only supplies 3phase 600v. Its on the customer side that we drop down tension to 120v/208v. Residential is fed 120v/240v (single phase) from Hydro. Heavy commercial/industrial, Hydro can supply 14.4Kv/25kv :P Actually did a 2000amp@25kv entrance this winter...50mW of pure power! :P
For a second, I thought 50mW was milliwatts
The information is wrong about the default voltage in Europe, Since 2008 the standard is 230volts for 14 years now, only UK deviates from this standard, and 400volt for triple fase, not 380v
Huge Help to Electrical students in these animations its Easy to Engage thru Theories applied.
European Union regulations specify a target of 230volts (+6% −10%), for about 10 years now. It did used to be 220volts but the European Commission decided to make it the same as the UK, which used to be 240volts. I understand we all get a little less or more than listed anyway, so the reality will probably usually be somewhere between 210-240volts en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country
All those countries with 220, 230 and 240 volts, actually has voltage range between 220V minimum to 240V maximum AC.
Thanks for this elaborations, they are second to none!
Where 1line is 34.6A and end to end is 20A, how many amps is the motor?