Sertorius is one of the most underrated commanders of antiquity. It is sad that despite his achievements he is not recognized by history in the way he deserves.
Thanks to Plutarch he became more famous in posterity than many other Romans of his time who were objectively more prominent and powerful. It also helps that he had a big charismatic talented personality but still.
true, Even Adrian Goldsworthy, possibly the greatest today's historian of the ancient Roman empire says he is one of the greatest generals Rome has ever had!!!
I never heard of Sertorious until now but it's clear he was centuries ahead of his time in politics and policy and it's tragic to think those children, granted full Romanised education and being integrated into Roman society were executed or enslaved upon the destruction of the rebel state.
Indeed, if not for this channel, i would never know about this great man. If he succeeded in surviving his ordeals, we would have a very different rome.
Tacitus wrote about him but only a few words but he wrote that Rome had a hard time with Sertorious and Hispania. Luckly i now know the whole Story in detail, not knowing that there was a more detailed source.
You should look up famous Roman writers like suetonius and livy the former wrote a history on the early empire, and the latter wrote a general history of Rome from the mythical foundation 753BCE to the early empire around 9BCE
@@evanq9743 Thx! i look for this i only have Livius some books ab urbe condita ..... and Sueton some Books de vita Caesarum, read it 20 yrs ago but i dont remember that there was a detailed Story about Sertorius
Oh the never ending century of the Roman Republic, Marian, Sulla, Sertorius, Crassus, Pompey, Caesar, Mark Anthony, Octavian, Cleopatra, Spartacus and more... Such a jewel for history geeks 😁
Sulla in his final days: "No friend ever served me, and no enemy ever wronged me, whom I have not repaid in full." Sertorius from Hispania: "Hey! I'm still here!"
It’s a damn shame that he couldn’t hold out. Unlike many rebellious figures he actually seemed to give a shit about his people and ruled well. It’s also rather interesting that he treasured the locals so well, it’s not every day that you hear about a Roman leader who wanted to uplift his subjects.
Always thought that about Sertorius, after reading about him. With, of course, a lead-in from the bloody Marian-Sulla conflict to give it a proper basis in the beginning.
Why is it that competent men are so often murdered by their incompetent counterparts? Sertorius should have lived to offer further service to the Republic.
He was kinda responsible for the deaths of thousands of Romans though (not counting other peoples he met). He was competent, that's for sure. But was this really a gain for Rome?
Metellus: A generous reward of 100 talents and amnesty to any traitor who killed his enemy [Sertorius]. Perpenna: *kills Sertorius assumedly for the aforementioned amnesty* Pompey: *kills Perpenna anyway* Pranked boi!! You know Pompey was triggered over losing* to Sertorius, and just _had to_ let his anger out on someone. *I don't care if Metellus came just in time to save his ass, Pompey fled the field. Therefore, he lost the battle.
Perpenna didn't kill Sertorius for the amnesty, but to take his place. Unfortunately for him, he was not Sertorius. Pompey easily defeated Perpenna's army and captured him. After having been captured, to have his life spared, Perpenna offered to Pompey all of Sertorius' correspondence. Pompey indicated he would accept the papers and, when they had all been gathered together, he burned them, so giving a de-facto amnesty to all those that secretly helped Sertorius for all those years, and avoiding another bloodshed in Rome. Then amnistiated all of Sertorius' soldiers that asked for it.
@@neutronalchemist3241 actually ..... pompey copied the list before they were burned in view of others. he subsequently purged the names on the list. that's Rome for you.
@@neutronalchemist3241 I was looking through the comments exactly for this. Perpenna after entering the Hispania almost immediately began subverted and sabotaging the power base of Sertorius. Perpenna bribed some or spread lies about Sartorius and his intentions. He drove allies away with insults and brutalization under the name of Sertorius, and began extorting and pillaging more allies claiming that he was under orders while enriching himself and claiming he would be a better leader if he were in charge. He had specifically done so within the heart of the Sertorius power base with Lusitania tribes as they were the most largest most powerful making up the core of the Iberian resistance to Rome. Despite this deceit, Sertorius spent the good year still winning battles despite his resources in money and manpower shrinking each week. Sertorius still had loyal allies and victories to the end. He never took action against Perpenna as far as we know. After his murder Perpenna took over his forces but was neither charismatic nor competent enough to do what his predecessor had pulled off. Ironically sealing his own death as he destroyed the power base of the very person who had safeguarded his life. I also wonder how accurate his depiction by Rome as a man who became a degenerate in his final days. It could very well be more machinizations of Perpenna spreading his rumors or a simple result of them as things fell apart.
@@vguyver2 Maybe, but it's also not hard to believe that someone who gave so much for an ideal (of sorts) became disillusioned late in life. He wouldn't be the first
@@eduardochiscuet3146 It is scientifically possible that the Basque descend from the Iberian language (although there are no written records of the Iberian). Therefore it is very possible that before the Romans all the ancestors of the current Spaniards spoke something very similar to Basque
When you are surrounded by mountains and cant compete against better equiped forces you adapt quickly. See the lesson Charlegmane learned at Orreaga by vengeful basques
The simple fact that a war is named after a person in the same way that it was done with the wars of a nation is a more than eloquent indicator of Sertorio's tremendous feat.
13:47 confident Pompey yes, but also very arrogant. One thing I love about Sertorius is that he was one commander that showed young Pompey that Pompey was not invincible. Thanks and Great video!
I've been dying to see something on sertorius such an interesting man, his political skills remind me of alexander the way he ingratiate himself with the locals, it one of those fun what ifs in history if he was not betrayed how the world would have been shaped
It might've been a useless war but if it's true he was the father of guerrilla warfare then Michael Collins took a page from his book and as an Irishman, not enough good things can be said about Mick Collins
Have you read The Man With Two Names? If you're interested in Sertorius, I strongly recommend that book. It's the first book of a series of 4. I just finished it, and I'm planning on reading the remaining 3.
Just two notes: 1. Sertorius (Sertório) is still today regarded as an hero in Portugal to a status bested only by Viriathus (Viriato); 2. The cities locations on the map are totally out of place! Cities like Olisipo (Lisbon/Lisboa), Ebora (Évora) or Toletum (Toledo) are way off their location.
Wow, Mauritania has the "Eye of Africa" or "Richat Structure". The same dimensions as Plato's writings for the mythical Atlantis! A comet or asteroid hit Greenland during the Ice Age and created the great flood that all cultures world wide have tales about. Atlantis was supposedly destroyed and marked the end of that age. Hearing that they excavated some "Demi-God" there got me so excited, they even sacrificed to the skeleton is mind blowing if true. Can you please send me a link to where you found this information? I would love to look into it a bit deeper!! Thank YOU!
I am from Seville, in South Spain (Hispalis during Roman times). The story of Sertorius and his white fawn is still remembered as a historic anecdote of the city. Besides this, Sertorius is always portrayed as a gentle governor who was heavily supported by locals.
I've read about him before. It was incredible the way a Roman was able to band together so many native Iberian and Hispanic tribes. He was so popular and inspired such loyalty among those natives. And of course he learned his generalship under the legend Marius!
The beginning of the end of the Romans was the advent of the Great Men of Rome. Once a people pledge their loyalty to men instead of ideas, stability, like men, is temporary.
Great men preceeded the beginning of the end you refered to. What started the end was the Military Reforms of Gaius Marius. In those reforms, the commander of the army became responsible for securing the pay and retirement of his soldiers. This reform shifted the loyalty of the individual soldier from the state, to their commander. After the Marian Reforms, even poor Plebs were allowed to join the army. Which meant more individuals in the army were even more dependent on their commander. Semi Romanized Spaniards and Guals were also allowed to join the army. Virtually all of these have never been to Rome or even seen it from a distance. So why would they have loyalty for Rome? E.g. most of Caesar's army was made up of Spaniards and Guals. His most loyal legions were Spanish legions.
I knew about Sertorius before , but now I realise the importance and greatnees of him. As a spaniard I am very proud of him, because he personificates the relation that Rome had with the Iberian Penninsula and their people.He was a great man.
There should be a TV series about Sertorius. There's no shortage of imperial era dramas in China but in the west we have hardly any. Sertorius would be a fantastic place to start! I support Sertorius for Imperator!
@@HerculesMays Same I wish we did it for Rome, and a lot of other European countries, it would be so cool to see a accurate historical depiction of the Battle of Hastings or something to that degree.
Magnificent. Just goes to show you how some of these highly studied generals are good at defeating incompetent enemy commanders in the filed but not so hot when matched with someone with equal battlefield genius.
I read about Sertorius a few years ago. I'm planning to write an alternate history story about him successfully joining with Mithridates and Spartacus. The only problem is I don't know how it ends...
@@GeraltofRivia22 And Sertorius wasn't anti-Rome. He was anti-Sulla who's faction ruled Rome. He'd have very much fought against Spartacus and Mithridates and the Irony would have been that he'd probably have had amazing success because aside from his tactical knowledge, his diplomatic and strategic mind were unmatched at that time. Your alternate history in my opinion would be better suited to had he beaten Pompey, returned to Rome and legitimized himself. Then carrying Rome's interest in the Mitrhidatic wars.
Not likely Sertorius was like any other roman viewed mithridates as a client ally to be used only to be later brought to heel by him like they did with all the "roman allied states" and "client kingdoms." Not sure if you already started the story but a good point of divergence could be that perpenna while fleeing dies before he reaches sertorius and his legions defect to sertorius side but this time without perpenna Sertorius could do better against Mettelus and Pompey
Great video as usual. I've wanted to learn more about Sertorius so of course it's K&G that comes through with a terrific video. Your animation just keeps getting better, what a beautiful work.
I remember reading about Sertorius’ rebellion as a kid but didn’t know who he was Very cool and informative video I love these series on Antiquity it’s by far my favourite time period
@@tylerdurden3722 No, many centuries before even Rome or Carthage even existed, Greeks already witness hit and runs tactics by the Iberian, if you check for the Lusitanian-War Viritathus basically killed 5 roman legions with guerrila warfare in 139 BC, in the Battle of Tribola the lusitanians ambushed a roman legion in a cliff, on one side Romans had forest full of lusitanians rushing them and they could use their formation because they had do place, and they could not retreat because they had a cliff behind where in the end most of them fell off. It was a great ambush and for some reason people give more credit to Arminius and his ambush in Teutebourg Florest. Guerilla Warfare is just part of us because we have a many florest in a very hilly landscape we can kill whole platoons without loosing too much. Historians declared Iberian Peninsula as the Vietnam war for both Rome and France. Look at this France invaded Portugal 3 times and failed and in the last invasion they entered the country with 65.000 men, and when they reached our capital Lisbon they just had 20.000 because we killed the rest during their journey through northern Portugal which is the hardest place to invade because we have 1000 meters mountains that are easy to defend. France lost 150.000 soldier in Portugal and Portugal lost 6.000 and Roman even tho they conquered us took them 200 years and 80.000 men had to die in ambushes to win after 200 years of fighting.
So VERY happy you provided this vid of one of the best Romans (period) that ever picked up a sword. Always enjoyed reading of Sertorius's exploits as he was decidedly one of the best. Plutarch is our best ancient source but Dr Philip 'Maty' Matyszak has the best book on the man, " Sertorius and the Struggle for Spain ". Thanks again K & G !
I dont usually do this , but im gona post a comment here: GREAT AWESOME VIDEO This kind of content is hardly ever found elsewhere ! I remember my Latin history we learned about the dictatorship of Sullah but what hapenned in spain was almost not covered. Thank you for that great content, rly !
soundtracks 2:27 Experia - Sense of Betrayal; 3:41 Jon Björk - Silent Infiltration; 4:54 Jon Björk - Lock-Out Relay; 6:27 Jon Björk - Spared Innocence; 7:56 Jon Björk - In Chains; 9:32 Jon Björk - Slipping Through My Fingers; 11:07 Imperator: Rome - Actium; 15:04 Luca Francini - Warfare
This man has next to Spartacus become my favorite historical figure and I thank you Kings and Generals for making his story known. Idk how many would agree but Sertorius for me was like a Hector of Troy reincarnated and it broke my heart to know how he changed near the end of his glorious and tragic story. It’s men like him and civilizations like that which he built that raise the question how would history have looked if they had actually won and bested the Roman superpower? He was literally a new breed of Roman and in all honesty a much more virtuous one compared to the originals that he had left behind. A great leader and an even greater general, what a heck of a story. Thank you so much Kings and Generals for bringing this beautiful piece of history to life, it really brought tears to my eyes and this is precisely why you have earned yourselves a life long subscriber. Thank you and much love for you guys and your work!
Finally!! This channel is awesome! Sulla, Marius,Caesar,Setorius I’ve been reading about these guys for Years! So glad it’s finally been put into video format thank you very much it’s really appreciated!
its funny how little i knew about the guy... why there isnt a movie/series about this man... so fucking amazing... his whole life is a fucking epic... the rise, the peak, the fall, everything is so amazing...
Sertorius was one of those great military commanders in history, his skills could match Pompey and Ceasar and he had an administrative skills that was rare throughout history. It's a shame how few remember a man who was greater than many more famous leaders in history.
Sertorious deserved to become Emperor. He seems to have been a very good and skilled man. too bad he had the numbers against him. Both in soldiers and money.
Wow.... what a fascinating character!!! And I have never even heard of him before. TY so much for all your uploads and videos! I have spent many contented early mornings bingeing on them!
The only peace there is and all that matters is peace with God through faith in His Son Jesus Christ. No peace with God and rest assured you will have no peace.
At 5:15 you said Aquitaini were in the NW of the peninsula. Weren't the Aquitani in the NE part of the peninsula, next to modern Aquitaine (which gets its name from them)?
The ending felt even more cruel than the stories of a lot of the historical figures that shaped our history I have ever read about. A man once brilliant and just, cunning and far ahead of his time, brought to ruin because of traitors and a war he couldn't hope to win as he was broken down by the knowledge that his end was inevitable despite his many victories. He saw all of this coming and just gave up after all he had done. It just makes my heart bleed...
I don't know. He participated in the destruction of a whole people (we'd call that genocide nowadays) and had his own allied slave-soldiers murdered in their sleep ... Not the kind of guy I'd like to drink a beer with.
@@abcdef-cs1jj "having as his body-guard a picked band of the slaves who had flocked to his standard, to whom he had given the name of Bardyaei. These fellows killed many of the citizens at a word of command from him, many, too, at a mere nod; and at last, when Ancharius, a man of senatorial and praetorial dignity, met Marius and got no salutation from him, they struck him down with their swords before the face of their master. 4 After this, whenever anybody else greeted Marius and got no salutation or greeting in return, this of itself was a signal for the man's slaughter in the very street, so that even the friends of Marius, to a man, were full of anguish and horror whenever they drew near to greet him." ... "The people were most distressed however, by the wanton licence of the Bardyaei, as they were called, who butchered fathers of families in their houses, outraged their children, violated their wives, and could not be checked in their career of rapine and murder until Cinna and Sertorius, after taking counsel together, fell upon them as they were asleep in their camp, and transfixed them all with javelins" It had been already estabilished that Sertorius was not fond of rapists.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Okay, this does sound different, I admit that ... On Sertorius and rape: I don't want to paint the man in all-black, we don't really know him as a person, but I think we must expect him to shape his public image and thus his efforts in this might influence our sources to this day. I'm not saying he definitely didn't hate rape, but I guess a man that takes part in genocidal war (a war where, if I recall correctly, the women of the enemy are known to have killed their children rather than having them fall into Roman hands and fought to the death rather than letting themselves be captured) is probably not the most faint of heart. If I might put it like this ... Again, not saying that he is definitely all-evil, but I'd be at least wary of his reputation.
@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 the problem was that Sulla won. He wasn't anti-Rome or anything. His only crime having been a Marian. Had Rome pardoned him or had he crushed Pompey if not for Prepenna's incompetence, he very likely could have sought to make a deal. Crushing Pompey and Metellus, Sertorius might well have been able to sue for peace or pardon. Rome likes to shoot itself in the foot however and punish good, useful men. Sertorius would have handled Mithridates IMO.
@@Eškala_Iśa Considering that the Gauls were such good warriors that Caesar and his successors actively killed nearly a third of Gaul's population to bring them to heel. I don't think that statement is quite fair.
It's @17:30 that the capital Greek letter phi is shown, which is an abbreviation for philosophy, the love of wisdom. But can anyone tell me what the capital Q is supposed to represent in Latin? 🤔
There's a small mistake: the aquitani didn't live in the north west, the gallaecians did. Never heard about aquitani in Hispania, unless you refer to basques/gascons around the Biscay Bay.
The mediæval kingdom of Aquaintain was so named for them, but I used to think they were a little further north in South-west Gaul? The nomenclature is not always consistent when it comes to "barbarian" peoples.
Far as I know the vascones were on of the many basque tribes of that area, characterised by their unique language (basque or "euskera"). Im happy to see people realizing that basques are there
Ooooooh, awesome. I've been reading Appian's commentary of the Civil Wars, and I just got past Pompey's defeat of Sertorius (kinda, since Sertorius was murdered by one of his own subordinates, and then Pompey just defeated that dude). So, perfect timing for this video, thanks.
Paradox improved every facet of Imperator: Rome and the game is much deeper now. Must play for every fan of history and strategy games: bit.ly/2OFmKWH
great vid please do one on anglo sikh wars and afgan sikh wars
Also iberian warfare
Napoleonic wars when
@@resistance-is-growing7632 true
@@resistance-is-growing7632 to some extent
"If a man has a lot to do, nothing is more precious than time."
- Quintus Sertorius
I will remember that.
Time is money
Time is against u... that's for sure
Most likely quoted from the Roman historian Appian, who covers this period very well.
Jacob Sertorius has grown into a wise lad hasn't he?
Yeah not even money is worth much notice.
Sertorius is one of the most underrated commanders of antiquity. It is sad that despite his achievements he is not recognized by history in the way he deserves.
We are here now listing of his exploits so I wouldn't say he was not recognized
He was not recognized during his lifetime and till Julius Caesar time.
@@nebsam7137 Radas meant tgat was not recognised by the Romans
Thanks to Plutarch he became more famous in posterity than many other Romans of his time who were objectively more prominent and powerful. It also helps that he had a big charismatic talented personality but still.
true, Even Adrian Goldsworthy, possibly the greatest today's historian of the ancient Roman empire says he is one of the greatest generals Rome has ever had!!!
I never heard of Sertorious until now but it's clear he was centuries ahead of his time in politics and policy and it's tragic to think those children, granted full Romanised education and being integrated into Roman society were executed or enslaved upon the destruction of the rebel state.
Indeed, if not for this channel, i would never know about this great man. If he succeeded in surviving his ordeals, we would have a very different rome.
Tacitus wrote about him but only a few words but he wrote that Rome had a hard time with Sertorious and Hispania.
Luckly i now know the whole Story in detail, not knowing that there was a more detailed source.
You should look up famous Roman writers like suetonius and livy the former wrote a history on the early empire, and the latter wrote a general history of Rome from the mythical foundation 753BCE to the early empire around 9BCE
@@evanq9743 Thx!
i look for this
i only have Livius some books ab urbe condita ..... and Sueton some Books de vita Caesarum, read it 20 yrs ago but i dont remember that there was a detailed Story about Sertorius
@@thinkwithurdipstick sic semper asinus...
Oh the never ending century of the Roman Republic, Marian, Sulla, Sertorius, Crassus, Pompey, Caesar, Mark Anthony, Octavian, Cleopatra, Spartacus and more... Such a jewel for history geeks 😁
σğυz тυиç history Greeks 😜
Sulla was good
@Emre Al I'll put you on a cross,put respect on the Emperors boi.
Currently reading Rubicon by Tom Holland
Caiã Wlodarski He was
Serving Romes interests while fighting Rome. How typically Roman
Lol well said.
Says a Romanian. 😝😁
VANITY
Ha! True. Gods love them...it is.
Great comment
Cant believe I got so attached to a historical character in just one 20 minute video. Well done!
I cried when he got assassinated, couldn't believe how attached was I to him!!
And I never heard about him before this video!!!!
Geralt of Rivia It’s why Pompeii executed his murderer.
A hero's journey!
Hell yeah
same
Sulla in his final days: "No friend ever served me, and no enemy ever wronged me, whom I have not repaid in full."
Sertorius from Hispania: "Hey! I'm still here!"
To Sulla, only Marius is his enemy. Sertorius to him is but remnant of a defeated foe
@@howiechang8516 Sulla was a douchebag.
@Lucius Cornelius Sulla :'(
@@foxglove65pleb
Sulla was not prepared to allow the manipulation of the law, to the point he marched on the city. His second "reign'
It’s a damn shame that he couldn’t hold out. Unlike many rebellious figures he actually seemed to give a shit about his people and ruled well. It’s also rather interesting that he treasured the locals so well, it’s not every day that you hear about a Roman leader who wanted to uplift his subjects.
No kidding damn, imagine the times now.
This guy needs a movie, like, now
Always thought that about Sertorius, after reading about him.
With, of course, a lead-in from the bloody Marian-Sulla conflict to give it a proper basis in the beginning.
Now2
Ikr!
@Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
The other ones mentioned I get, but I've never seen a movie even hinting at Zionism...care to give examples?
More like a series. Better than GOT
Why is it that competent men are so often murdered by their incompetent counterparts? Sertorius should have lived to offer further service to the Republic.
Sertorious would have made a great Consul.
He was kinda responsible for the deaths of thousands of Romans though (not counting other peoples he met). He was competent, that's for sure. But was this really a gain for Rome?
@@abcdef-cs1jj Probably the total death toll was not significally higher than that of Ceasar or Octavius
Basket crab syndrome
@@LuisAldamiz That seems to have been the general rule of the era, the holding of power as a survival strategy. A competent ruler no doubt.
"Sertorius' talents were wasted, his life lost, in an inglorious struggle he did not want, could not win, and could not escape".
It's sad. He was clearly a man of great talent.
Who said that?
Where is this quote from?
Metellus: A generous reward of 100 talents and amnesty to any traitor who killed his enemy [Sertorius].
Perpenna: *kills Sertorius assumedly for the aforementioned amnesty*
Pompey: *kills Perpenna anyway* Pranked boi!!
You know Pompey was triggered over losing* to Sertorius, and just _had to_ let his anger out on someone.
*I don't care if Metellus came just in time to save his ass, Pompey fled the field. Therefore, he lost the battle.
Perpenna didn't kill Sertorius for the amnesty, but to take his place. Unfortunately for him, he was not Sertorius. Pompey easily defeated Perpenna's army and captured him. After having been captured, to have his life spared, Perpenna offered to Pompey all of Sertorius' correspondence. Pompey indicated he would accept the papers and, when they had all been gathered together, he burned them, so giving a de-facto amnesty to all those that secretly helped Sertorius for all those years, and avoiding another bloodshed in Rome. Then amnistiated all of Sertorius' soldiers that asked for it.
@@neutronalchemist3241 actually ..... pompey copied the list before they were burned in view of others. he subsequently purged the names on the list. that's Rome for you.
@@TheGhostOperative According to?
@@neutronalchemist3241 I was looking through the comments exactly for this. Perpenna after entering the Hispania almost immediately began subverted and sabotaging the power base of Sertorius.
Perpenna bribed some or spread lies about Sartorius and his intentions. He drove allies away with insults and brutalization under the name of Sertorius, and began extorting and pillaging more allies claiming that he was under orders while enriching himself and claiming he would be a better leader if he were in charge. He had specifically done so within the heart of the Sertorius power base with Lusitania tribes as they were the most largest most powerful making up the core of the Iberian resistance to Rome.
Despite this deceit, Sertorius spent the good year still winning battles despite his resources in money and manpower shrinking each week. Sertorius still had loyal allies and victories to the end. He never took action against Perpenna as far as we know. After his murder Perpenna took over his forces but was neither charismatic nor competent enough to do what his predecessor had pulled off. Ironically sealing his own death as he destroyed the power base of the very person who had safeguarded his life.
I also wonder how accurate his depiction by Rome as a man who became a degenerate in his final days. It could very well be more machinizations of Perpenna spreading his rumors or a simple result of them as things fell apart.
@@vguyver2 Maybe, but it's also not hard to believe that someone who gave so much for an ideal (of sorts) became disillusioned late in life. He wouldn't be the first
When the Olive fields starts speaking Iberian.
This is the way
@@AV-nl9gc This is the way !
@Amirul Asyraf Protekt da Hispania mai bruddah
@@eduardochiscuet3146 It's possible
@@eduardochiscuet3146 It is scientifically possible that the Basque descend from the Iberian language (although there are no written records of the Iberian). Therefore it is very possible that before the Romans all the ancestors of the current Spaniards spoke something very similar to Basque
As I see Spain has fought with Guerrila warfare since the ancient times, fascinating.
Rapa Nuii I suppose the landscape made this more possible and inevitable by having so many mountains and passes.
When you are surrounded by mountains and cant compete against better equiped forces you adapt quickly. See the lesson Charlegmane learned at Orreaga by vengeful basques
As I see it, Spain didn't exist until the 16th century. There was nothing that could be called "spanish" in that moment. Sertorius was Roman.
@@herrero4270 Hispania.
@@herrero4270 Call it hispanics... Iberiand, spanish... same thing
The simple fact that a war is named after a person in the same way that it was done with the wars of a nation is a more than eloquent indicator of Sertorio's tremendous feat.
The artist deserves an award for his/her paintings.
The "artist" deserve a reward and yeah I got it 😊👍
13:47 confident Pompey yes, but also very arrogant. One thing I love about Sertorius is that he was one commander that showed young Pompey that Pompey was not invincible. Thanks and Great video!
I've been dying to see something on sertorius such an interesting man, his political skills remind me of alexander the way he ingratiate himself with the locals, it one of those fun what ifs in history if he was not betrayed how the world would have been shaped
Another possibility is if he was granted amnesty rather than he forced to wage a useless civil war
It might've been a useless war but if it's true he was the father of guerrilla warfare then Michael Collins took a page from his book and as an Irishman, not enough good things can be said about Mick Collins
Have you read The Man With Two Names? If you're interested in Sertorius, I strongly recommend that book. It's the first book of a series of 4. I just finished it, and I'm planning on reading the remaining 3.
@@Jacob-mu3dj just bought it there on audible will listen to it later nice one pal
@@danielgilhooly1118 Very true good friend, Michael Collins was great.
THANK YOU! Ive been suggesting Sertorius to other channels for ages. No one ever talks about him. Hands down my favorite Roman historical figure.
Same here :-)
@@KingsandGenerals thanks for the reply. Big fan and awesome job BTW!
Just two notes:
1. Sertorius (Sertório) is still today regarded as an hero in Portugal to a status bested only by Viriathus (Viriato);
2. The cities locations on the map are totally out of place! Cities like Olisipo (Lisbon/Lisboa), Ebora (Évora) or Toletum (Toledo) are way off their location.
@robert rowe more people know gibraltar
I don't understand why is Sertorio a portuguese hero. He had the same of portuguese than I of japanese.
robert rowe - quite true.
I love these failed rebellions. There is so much to learn. Honestly my favorite. Awesome work
that ending... i'm crying :'(
RIP Sertorious cursed Perpenna
It would have been interesting seeing his as a roman ruler
He was Caesar, before Caesar.
@@PersimmonHurmo you mean when they got back stabed like so many times xD since its real life he couldnt respawn
@@PersimmonHurmo Julius Caesar was defeated in Dyrrahachium in Gaul. What does that make him?
@@hyperion3145 pretty sure that was in Greece but ok
@@hyperion3145 *Gergovia in Gaul, Dyrrhachium in Greece
Ahh Imperator Rome is totaly fit ads with this video . Thanks paradox and Kings And Generals . You fill my day
Are we going to ignore the supposed discovery of a giant in Morocco.
@@LuisAldamiz
As a mountain range
(Get it, because..., the Atlas mountains of Morocco and Algeria...?)
here in Morocco we have a lot of Roman leftovers one of witch is the cave of Hercules.
@@LuisAldamiz the video says Antaeus, not Atlas. Or is that his North African counterpart?
@@LuisAldamiz that was some awesome trivia on Spain's etymology hahaha interesting theory too
Wow, Mauritania has the "Eye of Africa" or "Richat Structure". The same dimensions as Plato's writings for the mythical Atlantis!
A comet or asteroid hit Greenland during the Ice Age and created the great flood that all cultures world wide have tales about. Atlantis was supposedly destroyed and marked the end of that age.
Hearing that they excavated some "Demi-God" there got me so excited, they even sacrificed to the skeleton is mind blowing if true. Can you please send me a link to where you found this information? I would love to look into it a bit deeper!! Thank YOU!
I am from Seville, in South Spain (Hispalis during Roman times). The story of Sertorius and his white fawn is still remembered as a historic anecdote of the city. Besides this, Sertorius is always portrayed as a gentle governor who was heavily supported by locals.
Sertorious was truly a man among men. Amazing story!
A man among men? Isnt that what most of us are? Lol
Loving that mosaic art in the vid, keep up with more good historical content, I'm loving it.
thank you and thanks for watching!
I've read about him before. It was incredible the way a Roman was able to band together so many native Iberian and Hispanic tribes. He was so popular and inspired such loyalty among those natives. And of course he learned his generalship under the legend Marius!
The beginning of the end of the Romans was the advent of the Great Men of Rome. Once a people pledge their loyalty to men instead of ideas, stability, like men, is temporary.
Great men preceeded the beginning of the end you refered to.
What started the end was the Military Reforms of Gaius Marius.
In those reforms, the commander of the army became responsible for securing the pay and retirement of his soldiers.
This reform shifted the loyalty of the individual soldier from the state, to their commander.
After the Marian Reforms, even poor Plebs were allowed to join the army. Which meant more individuals in the army were even more dependent on their commander.
Semi Romanized Spaniards and Guals were also allowed to join the army. Virtually all of these have never been to Rome or even seen it from a distance. So why would they have loyalty for Rome?
E.g. most of Caesar's army was made up of Spaniards and Guals. His most loyal legions were Spanish legions.
After killing Sertorius, Perpenna found out that Sertorius had left everything to him in his will.
I cried to that
Kinda like Decimmus Brutus
I knew about Sertorius before , but now I realise the importance and greatnees of him. As a spaniard I am very proud of him, because he personificates the relation that Rome had with the Iberian Penninsula and their people.He was a great man.
There should be a TV series about Sertorius. There's no shortage of imperial era dramas in China but in the west we have hardly any. Sertorius would be a fantastic place to start!
I support Sertorius for Imperator!
@@GeraltofRivia22 I wish people of European descent did the same in regards to Rome, but we're so guilty-minded or whatever.
@@HerculesMays Same I wish we did it for Rome, and a lot of other European countries, it would be so cool to see a accurate historical depiction of the Battle of Hastings or something to that degree.
Magnificent. Just goes to show you how some of these highly studied generals are good at defeating incompetent enemy commanders in the filed but not so hot when matched with someone with equal battlefield genius.
I read about Sertorius a few years ago. I'm planning to write an alternate history story about him successfully joining with Mithridates and Spartacus. The only problem is I don't know how it ends...
@@GeraltofRivia22 And Sertorius wasn't anti-Rome. He was anti-Sulla who's faction ruled Rome. He'd have very much fought against Spartacus and Mithridates and the Irony would have been that he'd probably have had amazing success because aside from his tactical knowledge, his diplomatic and strategic mind were unmatched at that time. Your alternate history in my opinion would be better suited to had he beaten Pompey, returned to Rome and legitimized himself. Then carrying Rome's interest in the Mitrhidatic wars.
@@GeraltofRivia22
Perhaps Mithridates apologies and promises reparation to their families.
Not likely Sertorius was like any other roman viewed mithridates as a client ally to be used only to be later brought to heel by him like they did with all the "roman allied states" and "client kingdoms." Not sure if you already started the story but a good point of divergence could be that perpenna while fleeing dies before he reaches sertorius and his legions defect to sertorius side but this time without perpenna Sertorius could do better against Mettelus and Pompey
It would simply not work, Sertorius hated people like Spartacus, in reality they would've fought .
@@alanpennie8013 He wouldn't do that.
I read about Quintus Sertorius years ago and always thought he neglected in history even though he was a worthy read about character.
Great video as usual. I've wanted to learn more about Sertorius so of course it's K&G that comes through with a terrific video. Your animation just keeps getting better, what a beautiful work.
thanks for watching!
An incredible story, and wonderful renderd. Well done everyone at K&G
Thank you, good sir!
Great video. Thank you for bringing Sertorius to the attention of your audience. I have always liked him.
Someone who's life was so interesting and that I had never heard about before, thank you for this video!
Setorius is probably one of my favorites if not my top favorite Roman's. I wish Netflix would do a historically accurate series on him.
Massive jump in production values from last time I saw you guys. Nicely done, y'all!
Always more in the works :-)
I remember reading about Sertorius’ rebellion as a kid but didn’t know who he was
Very cool and informative video
I love these series on Antiquity it’s by far my favourite time period
"The Romans around Sertorius began to scheme and plot..."
"Schemes and plots are the same thing"
-Tyrion Lannister
more like D&D. tyrion never said anything this far from truth in any book
@@caf3in323 He actually does say that in "A Clash of Kings"
You guys do such a good job. Much like your documentary on Tecumseh you gave this gentleman the recognition and respect that he deserves. Thank you
Ah... iberians and our gerrilla warfare a better love story than Twilight
As a French, .. i painfully approve
@@iagosevatar4865 Can you suggest a good cheese for a fondue? No, really.
Perhaps Sertorius is the origin of Iberian propensity for guerrilla warfare.
@@tylerdurden3722 No, many centuries before even Rome or Carthage even existed, Greeks already witness hit and runs tactics by the Iberian, if you check for the Lusitanian-War Viritathus basically killed 5 roman legions with guerrila warfare in 139 BC, in the Battle of Tribola the lusitanians ambushed a roman legion in a cliff, on one side Romans had forest full of lusitanians rushing them and they could use their formation because they had do place, and they could not retreat because they had a cliff behind where in the end most of them fell off. It was a great ambush and for some reason people give more credit to Arminius and his ambush in Teutebourg Florest. Guerilla Warfare is just part of us because we have a many florest in a very hilly landscape we can kill whole platoons without loosing too much. Historians declared Iberian Peninsula as the Vietnam war for both Rome and France. Look at this France invaded Portugal 3 times and failed and in the last invasion they entered the country with 65.000 men, and when they reached our capital Lisbon they just had 20.000 because we killed the rest during their journey through northern Portugal which is the hardest place to invade because we have 1000 meters mountains that are easy to defend. France lost 150.000 soldier in Portugal and Portugal lost 6.000 and Roman even tho they conquered us took them 200 years and 80.000 men had to die in ambushes to win after 200 years of fighting.
So, it's a bad love story?
So VERY happy you provided this vid of one of the best Romans (period) that ever picked up a sword. Always enjoyed reading of Sertorius's exploits as he was decidedly one of the best.
Plutarch is our best ancient source but Dr Philip 'Maty' Matyszak has the best book on the man, " Sertorius and the Struggle for Spain ".
Thanks again K & G !
I dont usually do this , but im gona post a comment here: GREAT AWESOME VIDEO
This kind of content is hardly ever found elsewhere ! I remember my Latin history we learned about the dictatorship of Sullah but what hapenned in spain was almost not covered.
Thank you for that great content, rly !
soundtracks
2:27 Experia - Sense of Betrayal; 3:41 Jon Björk - Silent Infiltration; 4:54 Jon Björk - Lock-Out Relay; 6:27 Jon Björk - Spared Innocence; 7:56 Jon Björk - In Chains; 9:32 Jon Björk - Slipping Through My Fingers; 11:07 Imperator: Rome - Actium; 15:04 Luca Francini - Warfare
Shoutout to the animators! Really amazing use of roman mosaic for the map
you are welcome and thanks for watching!
This man has next to Spartacus become my favorite historical figure and I thank you Kings and Generals for making his story known. Idk how many would agree but Sertorius for me was like a Hector of Troy reincarnated and it broke my heart to know how he changed near the end of his glorious and tragic story. It’s men like him and civilizations like that which he built that raise the question how would history have looked if they had actually won and bested the Roman superpower? He was literally a new breed of Roman and in all honesty a much more virtuous one compared to the originals that he had left behind. A great leader and an even greater general, what a heck of a story. Thank you so much Kings and Generals for bringing this beautiful piece of history to life, it really brought tears to my eyes and this is precisely why you have earned yourselves a life long subscriber. Thank you and much love for you guys and your work!
Sertorius' map paved with the Roman stones. Great work guys, awesome.
Finally!! This channel is awesome! Sulla, Marius,Caesar,Setorius I’ve been reading about these guys for Years! So glad it’s finally been put into video format thank you very much it’s really appreciated!
Amazing work. Love the lesser known aspects regarding economy and culture as well.
This may be my favourite thing ever done by this channel
its funny how little i knew about the guy... why there isnt a movie/series about this man... so fucking amazing... his whole life is a fucking epic... the rise, the peak, the fall, everything is so amazing...
Sertorius was one of those great military commanders in history, his skills could match Pompey and Ceasar and he had an administrative skills that was rare throughout history. It's a shame how few remember a man who was greater than many more famous leaders in history.
I was always looking for a video on Sertorius but could never find any...glad this one came out
Thanks for watching!
Loved this. Hope y'all would cover Viriathus's rebellion too in Hispania.
Considering!
"Rome is where the heart is."
-Sertorius
The quality of the production is extravagant
Wasn't it more anti-Sullan than anti-Roman though? 🤔
Exactly.
Well atleast we now know on who's side K&G were.
While I agree with you I think it's fair to say that at this point Sulla WAS Rome
@@drFocak Sulla's side was the correct side
@@Nihoolious in*correct. FTFY
The production of these videos are top notch! I thoroughly enjoy the content on this channel
The overlooked genius of Roman history.
Thank you for your stunning content!
Thanks for watching!
Sertorious deserved to become Emperor. He seems to have been a very good and skilled man. too bad he had the numbers against him. Both in soldiers and money.
Fascinating! K&G manage to always outdo themselves each time.
Kudos
Damn this is a very interesting figure, your channel never ceases to amaze me.
Thanks for watching!
This is one of my most favorites yet... and they are all top quality
thanks for watching!
I would love a list of the musik use in this video. Greatest video yet! I cann´t wait for next video.
As ever, a top-notch production. Thank you!
Sertorious I used to think he was a traitor but he wasn’t he was just trying to survive
Wow.... what a fascinating character!!! And I have never even heard of him before. TY so much for all your uploads and videos! I have spent many contented early mornings bingeing on them!
The mountains speak...
Latin?
Iberian, latin and basque?
who is this impostor?
the mountaims always speak rebellious!
Sullan armies when the hills start speaking a Hispanicized dialect of Latin:
***nervous sweating***
@@otgunz The hills are alive with the sound of "hippity hoppity, get the hell of my territory"
The art in this episode yet again is stunning
thanks for watching!
Amazing and depressing how brutality and killing is the norm thru out history
There is still a chance to be better
@@KingsandGenerals Nah. Peace is a lie there is only passion.
@@KingsandGenerals can you do one on lithunian or iberian warfare please
Otto von Bismarck someone like von Moltke you mean?
The only peace there is and all that matters is peace with God through faith in His Son Jesus Christ. No peace with God and rest assured you will have no peace.
At 5:15 you said Aquitaini were in the NW of the peninsula. Weren't the Aquitani in the NE part of the peninsula, next to modern Aquitaine (which gets its name from them)?
The ending felt even more cruel than the stories of a lot of the historical figures that shaped our history I have ever read about. A man once brilliant and just, cunning and far ahead of his time, brought to ruin because of traitors and a war he couldn't hope to win as he was broken down by the knowledge that his end was inevitable despite his many victories.
He saw all of this coming and just gave up after all he had done. It just makes my heart bleed...
geez that mosaic animations!! wow the quality of this channel continues to blow my butt
:-)
thanks for watching!
That's the guy whom Plutarch compared to Eumenes of Cardia
I'm really liking the more varied content. Keep it up!
Shame about his later life. Seemed like a good lad, at the start.
I don't know. He participated in the destruction of a whole people (we'd call that genocide nowadays) and had his own allied slave-soldiers murdered in their sleep ... Not the kind of guy I'd like to drink a beer with.
@@abcdef-cs1jj "having as his body-guard a picked band of the slaves who had flocked to his standard, to whom he had given the name of Bardyaei. These fellows killed many of the citizens at a word of command from him, many, too, at a mere nod; and at last, when Ancharius, a man of senatorial and praetorial dignity, met Marius and got no salutation from him, they struck him down with their swords before the face of their master. 4 After this, whenever anybody else greeted Marius and got no salutation or greeting in return, this of itself was a signal for the man's slaughter in the very street, so that even the friends of Marius, to a man, were full of anguish and horror whenever they drew near to greet him."
...
"The people were most distressed however, by the wanton licence of the Bardyaei, as they were called, who butchered fathers of families in their houses, outraged their children, violated their wives, and could not be checked in their career of rapine and murder until Cinna and Sertorius, after taking counsel together, fell upon them as they were asleep in their camp, and transfixed them all with javelins"
It had been already estabilished that Sertorius was not fond of rapists.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Okay, this does sound different, I admit that ...
On Sertorius and rape: I don't want to paint the man in all-black, we don't really know him as a person, but I think we must expect him to shape his public image and thus his efforts in this might influence our sources to this day.
I'm not saying he definitely didn't hate rape, but I guess a man that takes part in genocidal war (a war where, if I recall correctly, the women of the enemy are known to have killed their children rather than having them fall into Roman hands and fought to the death rather than letting themselves be captured) is probably not the most faint of heart. If I might put it like this ... Again, not saying that he is definitely all-evil, but I'd be at least wary of his reputation.
Never knew much about Sertorius before this video. Incredible guy. What a tragic way to go.
Never heard of Sertorius before this video, he seems to have been the Roman Pyrrhus, won every battle but couldn't win the war
@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 the problem was that Sulla won. He wasn't anti-Rome or anything. His only crime having been a Marian. Had Rome pardoned him or had he crushed Pompey if not for Prepenna's incompetence, he very likely could have sought to make a deal. Crushing Pompey and Metellus, Sertorius might well have been able to sue for peace or pardon. Rome likes to shoot itself in the foot however and punish good, useful men. Sertorius would have handled Mithridates IMO.
5:38 "Nothing more precious *than* time." Other than than that, it was a great video, and on my favorite civilization, too.
CONQUEST OF HISPANIA: 200 years.
CONQUEST OF GALLIA: 8 years.
gaius julius caesar
Differences in geography and sociopolitical of region
@@Eškala_Iśa Considering that the Gauls were such good warriors that Caesar and his successors actively killed nearly a third of Gaul's population to bring them to heel. I don't think that statement is quite fair.
Terrain matters. Which is why Spain never was fully conquered by the Muslims.
On that note: Muslim conquest of Spain = 77 years.
Christian Reconquista of Spain = 704 years.
I love how fast y’all are getting these videos out!!! Keep up the great work
Ghost of Salinator: You had me murdered!
Sulla: You salty?
The mosaic visuals are fantastic. Well done
thanks for watching!
Had to take a "break" at work, when I saw this pop up!!
It's @17:30 that the capital Greek letter phi is shown, which is an abbreviation for philosophy, the love of wisdom. But can anyone tell me what the capital Q is supposed to represent in Latin? 🤔
There's a small mistake: the aquitani didn't live in the north west, the gallaecians did. Never heard about aquitani in Hispania, unless you refer to basques/gascons around the Biscay Bay.
The mediæval kingdom of Aquaintain was so named for them, but I used to think they were a little further north in South-west Gaul?
The nomenclature is not always consistent when it comes to "barbarian" peoples.
I mean, he also refears to Hispania ulterior as Further Spain so he got a bit confused there too
Far as I know the vascones were on of the many basque tribes of that area, characterised by their unique language (basque or "euskera"). Im happy to see people realizing that basques are there
This was incredibly put together!!
5:38 more precious than* time.
Thank you so much for this awesomely enticing video! I was so fascinated I didn't want it to end x)
"On the importance of choosing the right side during a political conflict."
I can't believe why they didn't pardon Sertorius . I mean after sulla and marius was dead. Why just don't give this man a break!?
@@v44n7 No
Probably cause he humiliated Pompey
Ooooooh, awesome. I've been reading Appian's commentary of the Civil Wars, and I just got past Pompey's defeat of Sertorius (kinda, since Sertorius was murdered by one of his own subordinates, and then Pompey just defeated that dude).
So, perfect timing for this video, thanks.
Read about this guy in "The First Man in Rome" series,he was a hell of a general,but not surprising since he was Gaius Marius' protege.
Richard Scanlan that book series is so good!! Colleen Mccullah did an amazing job!!
@@OdintheGermanShepherd Absolutely fantastic series.
Beautiful unknown story. I deeply enjoyed watching it. Thank you.