The mayan calendar, Not so relevant but they thought the world would end in 2012. That's why a ton of movies were made about the end of the world. But obviously none belived this was true in these times.
North Korea, they use a gregorian calendar except that the year corresponds to the birth year of Kim Il Sung (the first and “eternal” leader of NK, probably remembering the wrong name). So their year in 2023 would actually be around the year 110
Human Era Year is pretty cool and Kurzgesagt makes calendars for the human era years. I learned some about it after watching their video about it. I like checking out different calendars and thinking in different ways is a good exercise. I like posting it’s 12,023. Some don’t know or understand it. But I still tell about it often. I like the concept of it better. And I like the Universal Basic Income UBI. But not everyone likes what I like or see things the same way. I understand!
These lunar calendars are pretty popular in places where it's always hot. You don't really need to keep track of the seasons in a repeating pattern if winter never happens.
@@raycedano hi, fellow dominican. OP is speaking in the sense of historical origins. We use the gregorian calendar, like much of the world, because that's what the europeans established during colonization. In our case, had the indigenous people (Tainos) created a calendar before European contact, it would've been different to the gregorian calendar we all know. Though I would hypothesize that it would still be a solar calendar given that here in the Caribbean we do have distinguishable seasons, just not the traditional ones in europe, north america and other regions of the world (winter, spring, summer and autumn); we have only two season --rainy and dry-- that do repeat on a yearly cycle, hence, would've still been a solar calendar, but focused to keep track of those two seasons instead. Regardless, Tainos probably didn't have a calendar because they never needed one in the first place, simply because they weren't an agricultural society (yet) and the few produce they did collect was available _mostly_ throughout the whole year. So no point for them on keeping track of the seasons, which circles back to OP's theory, where they are making the observation that societies that did got to create their own calendars but whose environment didn't pose significant changes throughout the year, then those societies created calendars that weren't linked to the sun, i.e., to the yearly seasons, but instead a moon-based would suffice.
@@espvp oooh, very nice, I didn’t consider Taínos may not need a calendar before, maybe because of the Maya calendar which is related more with South America I know but we use to share some part of our culture. Thank you, Andres!
You mentioned initially Diwali as new year - but it is more or less the day traders in North & Western part of India change their ledgers. As you mentioned later, Saka calendar has new year in March. There are some other calendars used across India as well - but most harvest festivals fall on similar dates (for obvious reasons)..
In India - apart from Indian national calender based on Shaka Samvat we have Vikram Samvat CURRENT YEAR- 2079. Our NEW YEAR starts around April from UGADI FESTIVAL Also Indian calenders don't have exact mapping to Gregorian calender. Dates keep changing every year
I’m so happy you mentioned the Igbo calendar. Many creators don’t mention native African calendars except the Ethiopian calendar. The calendar begins from the year of Nri which if I’m not mistaken is 900AD on the Gregorian calendar. There are four market days: Eke, Orie, Afro, Nkwo.
I was very pleased also, most non-African historians seem to think African's have no understanding of time. I believe it makes it easier to justify colonialism and mistreatment of the continent to consider us an underdeveloped.
Some time ago, the Finnic peoples used a calendar system whose time calculation was tied to and based on the cycle of nature. For example, the year changed at the end of the harvest season and winter began when snow fell on the ground and summer began when the snow melted and etc. There are still signs of that agriculture-centered system in Finnic tradition and culture, even though the Gregorian calendar is used in Finland and Estonia today.
The native aboriginals of Australia also has a calendar not based on the sun or moon, but on observing changes in nature. They have six seasons in a year instead of the four in Western tradition.
Many countries with Buddhist majority also have the Buddhist Calendar with the different beginnings of the Era. Some countries like Myanmar and Sri Lanka regard the Nirvana of Lord Buddha as the beginning of the Buddhist Calendar which is more 544 years than the Gregorian Calendar. In this case, year 2023 is 2567 BE. Some countries like Thailand, Laos and Cambodia regard that the Buddhist Calendar began 1 year after the Nirvana of Lord Buddha. In this case, the Buddhist Calendar is more 543 years than the Gregorian Calendar, so the year 2023 is 2566 BE. Today, many countries use the Gregorian Calendar as the official calendar and use the Buddhist Calendar for the Buddhist religious purposes. In some countries like Myanmar ans Sri Lanka, the new Buddhist Calendar year begins on the Vesak Day. Only Thailand still uses the Buddhist Calendar as the official calendar. Thailand also has many calendars, such as Rattanakosin Era which began with the establishment of Rattanakosin Kingdom with Bangkok as the capital in 1782 (2325 BE). Year 2023 is 241 RE. Thailand also have the Lunar Calendar which is now being used mostly for religious and astrological purposes.
The Japanese also use an era calendar, generally named for the emperor, and starting with year 1. Thus Showa 1 was 1926 when the Emperor known as Hirohito was enthroned; I remember it as just adding or subtracting 1925. Some emperors also would come up with a new era name after a string of calamities, such as famine or earthquakes. The details of choosing it over the Gregorian are beyond my experience.
The actual year is the same as the Gregorian calendar with the only difference being that the 1st year being when a new emperor takes up the throne. This also means that the first and the last year of the era are shorter than the rest, so if a new everyone takes the throne in October, the 1st year of the era only lasts for 2 months and it becomes the second year on January 1st of the Gregorian calendar.
I always find it weird when people aren't using their local standards. Australia is DMY 12-hours, and Portugal (General Knowledge) is DMY 24-hours, yet you go with MD in your comment...?
1. byzantine calendar is still used in east orthodox churches, here in Romania we celebrate every new religious year on the first of September, even tho recently its more of a formal event 2. Julian Calendar is still used in Moldova and i believe Russia, Ukraine and a lot of est slavic nations, for instance they celebrate Christmas 2 weeks after the Gregorian Calendar
@JV Garcia he said some calendars are still used for religious purposes but said the Byzantine calendar is no longer in use. If you listen throughout, he refers to other calendars used for religious purposes or says they are not used for civil puposes, he does not say they are no longer in use. So, if we assume consistency in his narrative, he made a mistake with the Byzantine calendar.
@cashmcmeans (Kingdom of Kriidyia) Yes, goddess of pregnancies. Which is ironic, since she tried to prevent Hercules (Heracles's Latin name) himself from being born because of her brother/husband’s infidelity.
@cashmcmeans (Kingdom of Kriidyia) there have always been gods associated with fertility and suchlike. In fact they are probably some of the most prominent deities in many cultures.
Actually the Indian national calender is not the only local calender used by Indians. Different states have different customs. Like the Bengali calender which is also used in Bangladesh is also used in India by Indian Bengalis with some minor differences like how they have 14th April as the new year and us Indians as 15th. There is also a Marathi calender which begins on a new year of gudi padwa, to be occurring this year on 13th April and many more calenders for different states. calenders
Taiwan (formally ROC) is also officially using a different numbering for the years, the year 1 being the foundation year of the Republic of China in 1912. So 2023 would be Republic Year 111. This number is used in school for exam years, on government documents and IDs, and other official circumstances
@@Jestersage It's a common usage since the end of Western Zhou dynasty (850~BC) to have the years numbering reset every time a different monarch comes in power. Wu Emperor from Han dynasty further added an era name in front of the numbering. It later spread to other East Asian countries and continued to be used in today's Japan and ROC.
The Julian calendar is still used in the Orthodox church countries for religious purposes (Easter calculation) with the small exception that the majority of Greeks, Romanians, Bulgarians celebrate Christmas on December 25th instead of Jan 7th.
8:19 That makes me think of the romanian system, there is the gregorian for civil stuff, then for religion there's the orthodox one (like Easter & other holidays are generally 1 week behind the catholic one), and finally, there is a traditional calendar that is no longer much used, with the same months but they have different names ( *and I love this one, because for example July is called "Furnace", "Cuptor" in Romanian because it is hot* 😂😂) Actually the 3 calendars have the same dates, it's just the celebrations & names that change. PS: In Romanian a month is litterally called a "moon", "lună", even tho all 3 calendars are solar.
Here in Taiwan, we use a another calendar in addition to the Gregorian. It’s called the Minguo Calendar, and numbers the years starting from the founding of our country. Right now it’s year 112.
The Maya/Aztec calendar is particularly fun because the 260 year cycle means it’s never remotely in sync with solar calendars. It also means you “age” faster because birthdays occur more often. It has a “zodiac” of 20 animals/natural forces that takes 20 days to cycle through, plus a number for each day that resets after 13. My birthday in this system for example is Two-Dog. There are exactly 260 combinations of numbers and symbols because the two cycles won’t arrive at the same combo until 260 days later.
It's so interesting that they are completely different from anything else we know. It really shows how time is a concept humans have 'made up' in the sense of how it's measured.
The mesoamerican lunar calendar synchronases with the solar calendar of 365 days every 73 cycles (52 years). Your age is the same, because it's mesured with the solar year, but your "luck" changes with the lunar day you're in.
Thank you for a very fine introduction to the different calendar systems. I work with the very niche topic of holidays in terms of laytime computing. While ceremonial calendars are fundamental in this context, laytime holidays are arbitrary constructions, which may easily be fully detached from our perception of events. Your videos are always of top quality
Thanks! That's really interesting. Do you have to take into account all regional holidays and categorize them somehow? To decide which are marked on calendars?
Japan doesn't use a different Calendar, however the year is often still counted as or alongside the current Emperors year. So its currently the 4th year of 令和/Reiwa for 2022. And Showa/昭和 lasted for 62 years, before Hirohito died, longest out of any Emperor.
Didn't Japan use Japanese calendar too? Or is it become out of date? I ask this because Indonesian independence proclamation write the Japanese year instead of Gregorian year (05' from 2605 instead of '45 from 1945).
@@shadowllght you said Japan doesn't use different calendar, but Indonesian independence document is using japanese year. It's written in the year of 2605 of Japanese Calendar. And that's official document under Japan occupation.
@@Enseaclopedia Ah thats counted from the year of the first emperor ever in Japan. I guess it had more of a meaning in the past during the Imperial era but even in the past people usually referred to the current reigning Emperor to count years, before the americanization happened after the war.
On the subject of naming of years, some calader systems start a new "era" when the ruler of the country changes. Some examples are Japan and the UK. Often these are only used for official archiving purposes. It is hard to write dates in the future when you don't know if that future date will still be in the same era as the current date, so these kind of systems are mostly for recording things as they happen, or when referring to events in the past.
Javanese calendar is basically just rebranded Islamic calendar with different names and year counting. The year counting follows Saka calendar from India, still used in Bali, which starts at 78 AD.
Not simple... There is pasaran (5 days) and some hisab calculation to predict the beginning of puasa/upawasa Ramadhan... From 5 days to 7 days per week... And we still use 5 days and 7 days system simultaneously...
Just FYI, Javanese calendar is solar calendar based on Hindu calendar. After Islamization of Javanese people, they switch to lunar calendar to adjust with Islamic hijri calendar, but still use saka year instead of hijri one. And Javanese calendar have 5 days a week.
thanks to Sultan Agung of Mataram🙌 who has changed the Javanese calendar to follow the Islamic calendar. Since the hindu calendar is no longer relevant for most Javanese, it will be difficult for us Javanese if we still use the hindu calendar.
Pasaran days (5 days system) is very important brother... We can easily predict the beginning of puasa Ramadhan (Hisab method), religious purpose (especially for Kejawen/Javanism), and the time to selling goods to the market (pasar)... Ajisaka/Ajivaka/Aji Saka is very influential... He bring aksara (writing system) and calendar system... Dunno with Javanese, but as Sundanese, this Calendar system is very important... We usually combine the result with Rukyatul Hilal and Bulan Purnama/full moon observation...
@@achmad6962 Hmm... Ajisaka/Ajivaka is a Hindu? Dunno... Never heard of it... He is a very important figure in Javanism/Kejawen and Kasumedangan/Sundanism...
Ethiopian calandar is very easy to use. There are 12 months that each have 30 days. Then at the end there is a 13th month which only has 5 days( 6 days on a leap year).
In the Hebrew calendar, every month begins once there is a new moon. Also, every day begins when the sun starts to set. This is because the first chapter of the book of Genesis states: "ויהי ערב ויהי בוקר יום אחד", which translates to: "And there was evening, and there was morning-the first day." From this, we can infer the first part of the day is the evening, and after that comes the morning. Hope this is insightful. Maybe make a video about the Hebrew calendar.
This is the curiosity with our Christian Jesus calendar for Easter and other. We start with Sunday Easter and counting three days back - Thursday. But follow the Hebrew rule (Jesus was an aramaic Hebrew Jew!) it should be Wednesday evening and Saturday evening! But Christmas starts at 24th of evening (including House of Windsor) exclude UK, old colonies of them or Commonwealth!
Actually the Julian and Gregorian calendars also include a luni-solar component: The date of Easter is set to be the first Sunday after the first full moon following the 21th of March (because the day of the crucification is assumed to be either the 14th or 15th of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar). This influences also all holidays of Christian origin for which the date depends on the Easter date, like Passion Week, Pentecost, and Carnival. Most of Eastern Christianity however still uses the Julian calendar to determine the date of Easter, so the date will differ in most years from Easter in the Gregorian calendar (by a week in most years, but in some years up to 5 weeks, like in 2027).
In the Hebrew Calendar, a day begins at sunset and ends with three stars. And, like the Chinese one, a month starts with a new moon. Also, it is actually an ancestor of the Babylonian and Assyrian calendars; the names of the months are of Akkadian origin.
Balinese Hindu. calendar for the year of 2022 is 1944 what we called çaka year, we are also don’t count the date as birthday. Our birthday is which days that we are born, according to the cycle. We will have “birthday “ two time in a years since our month is consisting of 35 days New year 1945 will be on 20/21 March 2023
Since you didn't elaborate on the Amazigh year (Berber), I'll give some notes about it: -It starts 12/13 days after the normal Gregorian year (depending on the country) which corresponds with the first day of the Julian Calendar. So either January 12th like in Algeria or January 13th like in Morocco. -The New Year's Day is called Yennayer holiday based on the month name which is derived from January. -The Amazigh year commemorates the year 943 B.C. when the Amazigh King Shoshenq I took the throne of Egypt. -The current year is 2972. (Gregorian +950 years: 2022 + 950) -For the celebration, families would cook traditional dishes like Couscous or Berkoukes. It's considered also a good occasion for circumcision of young boys or their first hair cut.
@@vortex_design well we have no way to prove that our lineage is purely Amazigh since arabs came to North Africa more than a millennia ago lol.. But it's true.. we've always ben either marginalized or separated entirely from the Arab world.
@@Ghost-tv1ygyes, but in Egypt, Amazigh are very little number, mostly mixed with locals. If you want to see a high number of Amazighs, go to Morocco, Algeria, Azawad (Mali) and Agadez (Niger).
3 :52 waxing and not wanting crescent (e.g. the Islamic calendar for the start and the end of Ramadan). And btw, the Mayan calendar appears to be linked to the cycle of Venus.
About the Iranian (aka jalali) calendar It start at the moment (not the day) of spring equinox (first day of spring usually is March 21 or 20) as the resurgence of nature. Despite it known as an Islamic country, the months have the names of 12 angels of the Iranian ancient Faith (before 7th century), the zoroastrianism. First six months have 31 day, the subsequent 5 have 30, and the last month has 29 (30 in leap years)
Slavic countries celebrate New Year twice: one on 31st December, and another on 14th January, which is based on Julian calendar. It's often called "old new year". Also, Ancient Slavs had their years organized in cycles of 16 animals, similarly to Chinese
If you do a “why’d we switch?” video, I think a follow up, or second half, depending on time, would be a where could we go next? There’s a 13 month version of the Gregorian calendar and a 10,000 year version that I could see potential in.
Your amazing, Love your videos keep going. Also, You should really make a video about the swedish ship of Vasa, The worlds strongest ever ship sunk in just a few minuets. It's fascinating how they built such a thing in the early days of the 17th century
@@General.Knowledge Thank you for appreciating your fans, You've responded to all of my comments and that is certainly really unusual for someone with 720k subs. You are an amazing youtuber. We all love u
Chinese calendar has three dimensions for cycles. Traditionaly, the sexagenary cycle is the most important and the most common, which is a 60 year cycle denoted using two chinese characters. Then there is the zodiac, the 12 year cycle. Historically the emporor will select a name and Chinese will add this name before number to indicate year, such as "Tianbao 5 year". After a couple years if a new emporer reign or some event occur, a new word is used to start a new age. This method is still used in Japan and Taiwan.
The Hebrew calendar isn't only for religious purposes, Jews have timed many cultural traditions from this since ancient Israel times - festival of spring, festival of the first fruits, new year of the trees, etc etc.
It's called Panchang (पंचांग) the national Calendar of India but it's used for each and every festivals of Hindu Dharma. But Gregorian Calendar is used here for everything except religious occasions and festivals.
10:09 You forgot about juche, but that Calendar system is the Gregorian one, but the 1 was Kim Il-sung's birthday. (1912). There was no BC for 1911. (I guess)
Weird usage of "BC" since it still means "before Christ" and using "BCE" would also not work, because it stands for "before common era". It would be either BJ (before Juche) or BJE (before Juche era)
7:24 A little correction, the year 0 BE is set to 543 BC for the year that the Buddha died AKA _parinirvana,_ not his birth. The actual date and year of his death is disputed but that is what it is set to.
Until the 15th century (1420 if I’m not mistaken) Portugal was the only country still using the Caesarian age calendar, so every date before the year of the change is 38 years displaced
Hindu New Year falls normally in Georgian Month of Mid April, which is the beginning of New Vikram Samvat (57 years ahead of Julian one) except for Gujarat, they celebrate their New Year one day after Diwali.
8:12 that's true, in Java we using 1. Gregorian calendar (printed with bigger number) 2. Islamic calendar (printed with lowercase) 3. Javanese calendar (printed with lowercase) 4. Sometime also including Chinese calendar (also printed with lowercase)
Ajisaka/Ajivaka/Aji Saka and Sultan Agung Mataram is very influential in Java island... Yups... The Island of Java is the last stronghold of Saka culture...
I would like to add the Quechua\Aymara calendar used in festivities by the indigenous communities of the Bolivian, Peruvian, Chilean and Argentinian Andes, which is solilunar. The moon has 13 "periods" of 28 days each, and the sun has 8 months of 30 days and 4 of 31 days for a total of 364 days, plus an additional day called "Jach'a Uru", which is both the shortest and coldest day of the year, and also the transitional day from a year to the next. The festivity of the new year happens every 21 of June and is called "Willkakuti" and represents the end of the harvest season and the beginning of a new agricultural cycle. The biggest ceremony happens in the ruins of the ancient city of Tiwanaku, nearby the Titicaca lake in Bolivia. There, indigenous priests (and also tons of tourists) gather each year to wait for the first rays of the sun to come through an ancient monolith called "Gateway of the sun", which used to serve as solar calendar to the pre-inca Tiwanaku civilization. In this system, the Gregorian 2023 will be year 5531, or year 531 of the 5th era (each era is 1000 years). This linear way of counting years is modern (in the old times it was cyclical) and more political than religious. It is the years that has passed since the arrival of Columbus to the Americas in 1492 plus 5000 years, which is more or less the amount of time that some indigenous scholars and philosophers think the old Andean civilizations thrived before being crushed by the European invasion.
Thanks for mentioned ethiopian calendar and additionally ethiopian calendar have surprised things like the new years start at September 11 and the only country that have 13 months the last months known as puagma it is the short months have 5 days and it is 6 days with in 4 years and 7 days with in 400 years and the rest of the months have equally 12 months without additional days.
What I find interesting is that as late as 1788 (and even in 1998) in Europe Metric time was proposed. Think about it: our current time is quite strange - a 12+12 based system for hours and a 60 based for minutes and seconds - also how months are 'scheduled' to 12 is interesting. A Metric system would have solved everything - dividing the day into 10 hours or 1,000 minutes, each new hour into 100 minutes, each new minute into 1,000 seconds. Year being 10 months. This might seem strange to hear suddenly but think about our current time management a bit more - you knew of course that the the daily time is around 2000 years old based on very 'interesting' things and the yearly time 4000 years old based on Egyptian solstices + gods.
Interesting also to note that about a third of countries start the week on Sunday compared to 2/3 on Monday and a handful even start the week on Saturday
Very interesting too! Although I feel like in a lot of cases the Sunday start is more of a formal thing than a reality. Here in Portugal I think it technically starts on Sundays but in reality it's Mondays.
@@General.Knowledge Actually my friend in Algeria begins his 5 day working week on Sunday, as Friday is their most holy day, and Saturday is seen as the rest of the weekend for him.
@@General.Knowledge And due to Portugal officially starting on a Sunday, yet follows the same 4-day rule for which is week 1, that means that 1 out of 7 years, Portugal will be out of sync with the rest of Europe for which week is week 1. This happens every year starting on a Thursday, so next time this will be 2026. Week 1 is 29 Dec to 4 Jan in Europe, while week 1 is 4 Jan to 10 Dec in Portugal instead, which is week 2 in Europe.
The Julian calendar is still used in Eastern Orthodox countries now mostly for religious reasons but it's not that they don't know it's wrong (the year is not quite 365.25 days), it's just that Pope Gregory had no business reforming the calendar. In a couple of centuries, it'll be 14 days out. BTW Bolivia has recently attempted to revive a pre-columbian calendar.
8:11 The Javanese calendar is actually the same as the Islamic calendar. it all started when Sultan Agung wanted to combine the ancient Javanese calendar with the Islamic calendar, the calendar system changed to follow the Islamic calendar from solar to lunar, then the names of the months were replaced with Islamic months, but the year continued with the ancient Javanese year.
Hehehe... Saka-Hijriyah hybrid calendar brother... Yups... To commemorate Ajisaka/Aji Saka/Ajivaka came to the island of Java... So we combine it with Hijriyah calendar... From 5 days to 7 days...
@@davidivory3234 apasihh 😂 saya orang Jawa tulen . asal kamu tau ya kaum sesajen ! Jawa itu sebenarnya sudah Islami lebih daripada yang pernah kamu bayangkan ! Hanya saja proyek belanda yaitu Nativisasi yang menjauhkan Islam dengan Jawa karena belanda trauma dengan perang Jawa (perang Sabil / fi Sabilillah) yang dipimpin oleh Pangeran Diponegoro rahimahullah, ini semua tertulis di universitas Leiden, perang yang sangat merugikan belanda, yaitu setara dengan pendapatan belanda selama 20 tahun penjajahan di wilayah jajahannya di seluruh dunia, belanda melihat Islam sebagai spirit kuat orang Jawa, bukan spirit leluhur sesajen dedemit terbelakangmu itu. Bahkan Jawa saat itu pernah memiliki aturan adat yang sama seperti adat Minang, yaitu Jawa pasti Muslim, yaitu jika keluar dari Islam maka sudah tidak dianggap sebagai orang Jawa.
@@achmad6962 Orab arab mana tau sejarah jawa, si keparat wali songo telah bnyak membunuh raja² jawa hindu-buddha terutama sunan kudus, dan cerita hayalan wali songo memurtadkan seluruh jawa dg cara damai padahal dg cara memaksa dan disetujui oleh demak islam fanatik. Jati diri jawa terbentuk di kerajaan medang kaum siva-buddhist bkn mataram sultan. Padahal seluruh wali songo yg kau bangga²an adalah orang asing keturunan china dan arab. Padahal perang diponegoro bukan perang untuk membebaskan orang jawa dri penjajahan tp untuk memuaskan hasrat bejat ponegoro yg punya bnyk wanita pemuas dan tergila² tahta yg ingin sekali jadi raja bahkan rela jdikan kaum sendiri budak babu demi hadiah dri belanda. Ditambah tanah jawa digadaikan mataram demi tahta, islam hnya membawa kemunduran bagi jawa dn sejarahnya yg menjdi bermental budak. Terimakasih islam.
@@achmad6962 Kau pun shrsnya sadar islam mataram yg kau banggakan adalah islm sesajen, seharusnya kau tau sejarah islm fanatik demak dg islam sesajen panjang saling membunuh dlm nama islam mereka.
There is a calendar in Indian subcontinent also known as bengali calendar but also use by punjabi people. Created by emperor Akbar, which has a significant impact on bengali culture. As a festival call "Pohela Boishakh" or Bengali new year named after Boishakh the first month of the calendar.
@@General.Knowledge I have to say this video was much more interesting than the fact told here. I love when you take a break from the map-based videos and do these time-related and other stuff as well. Maps are fun, but seeing them constantly feels... cliche.
@@नास्तिक-ट3ध yah I know. And I don't care it's hindu or izri. Just matters it came from here (Bangladesh, India, Pakistani). We have lot of history behind it and it was worth mentioning.
It's quite interesting to learn this video about Solar, Lunar and Lunisolar calendar. But there's one thing i want to explain: the Metonic cycle need to complete about 235 synodic months or 19 years, which the moon is return to the exactly same spot. As an Islamic person, every Hijri months begins when a waxing crescent is appear above the west horizon during sunset, thus the next day is the 1st day of Hijri month. If not, that month will complete 30 days and the new Hijri month will start 2 days later.
Iranian here, the Iranian calendar started after the first time the arab/mulsim colonizers left iran and we were able to Iranianise again… has nothing to do with Mohammad
7:34 fun fact in iran our persian new year is the 20th of march it’s called nowrooz (new day in persian) which we celebrate the end of cold winter and the start of our spring
@@ÇALAKNÊT we dont have exact same day for nowruz in persian calender its very exact to suns total 1 lap movement we might celebrate nowruz a year for example in 8 pm in 20 march but the next year it will be around 2 a.m 21st march beacuse years are more like 365 days and 6 hours First six months after nowruz has 31 days and the next 5 has 30 days The last month to calibrate with solar movement we have 29 days for 3 years then 30 days for 1 year to just make the years right Its basically on 20th or 21st of march We are at year 2583 (cyrus the great stablished acheamnid empire ) Im sure 2722 is the year median king stablished mede Persian Months in order are : 1.farvardin:20(21) of march 2.ordibehesht 3.khordad 4.tir 5.mordad 6.shahrivar 7.mehr(sun or kindness) 8.aaban 9.aazar(fire just like azarbaijan) 10.dey 11.bahman(avalanch) 12.esphand I'll be happy to know more about kurdish calender my brother We also call months maah and the names come from 12 arch angles of zoroastrianism
@@ÇALAKNÊT its kinda cool i recognize most of the words you said but i dont know about meaning of our persian months that much A lot of words you use it is also used in persian but e is spelled a like berf in kurdish is barf in persian But its mostly the villagers understand those words just like the one i lived in in fars province near the birth place of cyrus the great A regular persian will recognize less than a villager persian , because standard one is forcefully changing to arabic by our molla regime
Many states that use the Gregorian calendar also use a lunar element to calculate many of its religious holidays, e.g. Easter is typically celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon occurring on or after the vernal equinox is around the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere.
Wow. Decades ago, long before internet, I thought I was being original when I came up with a 13 month calendar each of 28 days. And then 5 days of Month 0 to party. The 13th month? Stevember of course.
The Afghan & Persian calendar is the Zodiac calendar. In Iranian they Persianized the names of the months were as in Afghanistan they still use the Zodiac names of the months. In Iran, During this 70's the monarchy tried to institute a Shahi calendar that supposedly started with the creation of the Persian monarchy 2,500 years ago, but it fell to the wayside with the end of the monarchy two years later.
+@@kambiz7556 I am not Afghan. The names used for months in Iran are approximations of Pahlavi or middle Persian from Cuneiform script. Today, you have 4 letters from that language; the rest is Arabic script + 65-70 of the Arabic vocabulary, and 25% are Turkish. Interestingly enough, the Farsi spoken in Afghanistan is closer to the older form of the language ( the same could be said for Tajiki + 30% of Uzbek additions to their language and after the last 80 years, a good percentage of Russian)
New calendar 1: Keyword: Baha’i - 19 months, 19 days per month, 4 or 5 day intercalery festival includes February 28 (29) so that the Baha’i calendar consistently matches the Gregorian calendar. New calendar 2: Keyword: Lotus 1 2 3 - each day has a number starting with day 1 a long time ago (no years, no months, no weeks); the calendar subroutine converts the day number into the format chosen by the user. This is very convenient for calculating elapsed time in days. You may tell me I am mistaken or add details as you choose.
The day for Easter each year is determined using a luni-solar calendar that merges the metonic cycle and the Gregorian/Julian calendar depending on tradition.
my favourite one is Coptic - 13 x 28d months (=364) with 1 or 2 days for leap year (365 or 366) - in the 'west' we could put the leap day at Christmas/New Year 🙂
I’m Nigerian and most people I know use the Gregorian calendar. You could say villagers might use the one you showed but it’s either Gregorian or the Islamic calendar. Just to inform you
*Are there any other interesting calendars I didn't mention?*
The mayan calendar, Not so relevant but they thought the world would end in 2012. That's why a ton of movies were made about the end of the world. But obviously none belived this was true in these times.
Juche but it's a reskin of the Gregorian calendar.
North Korea, they use a gregorian calendar except that the year corresponds to the birth year of Kim Il Sung (the first and “eternal” leader of NK, probably remembering the wrong name).
So their year in 2023 would actually be around the year 110
@@atinofspam3433 Exactly.
Human Era Year is pretty cool and Kurzgesagt makes calendars for the human era years. I learned some about it after watching their video about it. I like checking out different calendars and thinking in different ways is a good exercise.
I like posting it’s 12,023. Some don’t know or understand it. But I still tell about it often. I like the concept of it better. And I like the Universal Basic Income UBI. But not everyone likes what I like or see things the same way. I understand!
These lunar calendars are pretty popular in places where it's always hot. You don't really need to keep track of the seasons in a repeating pattern if winter never happens.
Some exceptions as always. My country is really hot (the Dominican Republic) and we use a solar one.
@@raycedano hi, fellow dominican. OP is speaking in the sense of historical origins.
We use the gregorian calendar, like much of the world, because that's what the europeans established during colonization. In our case, had the indigenous people (Tainos) created a calendar before European contact, it would've been different to the gregorian calendar we all know. Though I would hypothesize that it would still be a solar calendar given that here in the Caribbean we do have distinguishable seasons, just not the traditional ones in europe, north america and other regions of the world (winter, spring, summer and autumn); we have only two season --rainy and dry-- that do repeat on a yearly cycle, hence, would've still been a solar calendar, but focused to keep track of those two seasons instead.
Regardless, Tainos probably didn't have a calendar because they never needed one in the first place, simply because they weren't an agricultural society (yet) and the few produce they did collect was available _mostly_ throughout the whole year. So no point for them on keeping track of the seasons, which circles back to OP's theory, where they are making the observation that societies that did got to create their own calendars but whose environment didn't pose significant changes throughout the year, then those societies created calendars that weren't linked to the sun, i.e., to the yearly seasons, but instead a moon-based would suffice.
@@espvp oooh, very nice, I didn’t consider Taínos may not need a calendar before, maybe because of the Maya calendar which is related more with South America I know but we use to share some part of our culture. Thank you, Andres!
@@raycedano de nada!
Lunar calendar is very poor to use for keep track of the seasons and agricultural
You mentioned initially Diwali as new year - but it is more or less the day traders in North & Western part of India change their ledgers. As you mentioned later, Saka calendar has new year in March. There are some other calendars used across India as well - but most harvest festivals fall on similar dates (for obvious reasons)..
Very interesting!
@@General.Knowledge malayalam calender is mine
Correct. Ours is Ugadi, which is 22/3 this year
Yeah India has multiple calendar, since the seasons varies from place to place
Most parts in India celebrate "new year" in March/April
In India - apart from Indian national calender based on Shaka Samvat we have Vikram Samvat CURRENT YEAR- 2079.
Our NEW YEAR starts around April from UGADI FESTIVAL
Also Indian calenders don't have exact mapping to Gregorian calender. Dates keep changing every year
I’m so happy you mentioned the Igbo calendar. Many creators don’t mention native African calendars except the Ethiopian calendar. The calendar begins from the year of Nri which if I’m not mistaken is 900AD on the Gregorian calendar. There are four market days: Eke, Orie, Afro, Nkwo.
I was very pleased also, most non-African historians seem to think African's have no understanding of time. I believe it makes it easier to justify colonialism and mistreatment of the continent to consider us an underdeveloped.
Some time ago, the Finnic peoples used a calendar system whose time calculation was tied to and based on the cycle of nature. For example, the year changed at the end of the harvest season and winter began when snow fell on the ground and summer began when the snow melted and etc. There are still signs of that agriculture-centered system in Finnic tradition and culture, even though the Gregorian calendar is used in Finland and Estonia today.
The native aboriginals of Australia also has a calendar not based on the sun or moon, but on observing changes in nature. They have six seasons in a year instead of the four in Western tradition.
Many countries with Buddhist majority also have the Buddhist Calendar with the different beginnings of the Era. Some countries like Myanmar and Sri Lanka regard the Nirvana of Lord Buddha as the beginning of the Buddhist Calendar which is more 544 years than the Gregorian Calendar. In this case, year 2023 is 2567 BE. Some countries like Thailand, Laos and Cambodia regard that the Buddhist Calendar began 1 year after the Nirvana of Lord Buddha. In this case, the Buddhist Calendar is more 543 years than the Gregorian Calendar, so the year 2023 is 2566 BE. Today, many countries use the Gregorian Calendar as the official calendar and use the Buddhist Calendar for the Buddhist religious purposes. In some countries like Myanmar ans Sri Lanka, the new Buddhist Calendar year begins on the Vesak Day. Only Thailand still uses the Buddhist Calendar as the official calendar. Thailand also has many calendars, such as Rattanakosin Era which began with the establishment of Rattanakosin Kingdom with Bangkok as the capital in 1782 (2325 BE). Year 2023 is 241 RE. Thailand also have the Lunar Calendar which is now being used mostly for religious and astrological purposes.
2023 is 242 RE because they use 1872 to be 1 RE
We have 3 calendars here in Morocco 🇲🇦 The amazigh (2973) The gregorian (2023) and The Lunar/Islamic (1444)
The Japanese also use an era calendar, generally named for the emperor, and starting with year 1. Thus Showa 1 was 1926 when the Emperor known as Hirohito was enthroned; I remember it as just adding or subtracting 1925. Some emperors also would come up with a new era name after a string of calamities, such as famine or earthquakes. The details of choosing it over the Gregorian are beyond my experience.
The actual year is the same as the Gregorian calendar with the only difference being that the 1st year being when a new emperor takes up the throne.
This also means that the first and the last year of the era are shorter than the rest, so if a new everyone takes the throne in October, the 1st year of the era only lasts for 2 months and it becomes the second year on January 1st of the Gregorian calendar.
I forgot to mention Japan! Thanks
My understanding is that generally people use the Western year, but there are circumstances where they'll use the traditional year.
Hello from January 1st, 5th of Reiwa
@@liliumastrale since Meiji restoration this is basically what happened there :)
I am from Australia and it is actually 2 am Dec 31 when this came out for me. Great idea for a video btw! Loved it!❤
Nice! Thank you
I always find it weird when people aren't using their local standards. Australia is DMY 12-hours, and Portugal (General Knowledge) is DMY 24-hours, yet you go with MD in your comment...?
gd profile pic :0
1. byzantine calendar is still used in east orthodox churches, here in Romania we celebrate every new religious year on the first of September, even tho recently its more of a formal event
2. Julian Calendar is still used in Moldova and i believe Russia, Ukraine and a lot of est slavic nations, for instance they celebrate Christmas 2 weeks after the Gregorian Calendar
Yes, a big mistake in the video
@@MrElvis1971 He did say that these calendars ARE STILL used for religious purposes.
Yes in Serbia and Montenegro we also use the Julian calendar
@Aleks the Church liturgy cycle actually follows the Byzantine calendar.
@JV Garcia he said some calendars are still used for religious purposes but said the Byzantine calendar is no longer in use. If you listen throughout, he refers to other calendars used for religious purposes or says they are not used for civil puposes, he does not say they are no longer in use. So, if we assume consistency in his narrative, he made a mistake with the Byzantine calendar.
Fun Fact: June was named after Juno (Hera's Latin name), goddess of marriage, pregnancies, etc.
@cashmcmeans (Kingdom of Kriidyia) Yes, goddess of pregnancies. Which is ironic, since she tried to prevent Hercules (Heracles's Latin name) himself from being born because of her brother/husband’s infidelity.
@@josueveguilla9069 Goddess of Abortions 🤭
@@chadsworthgigafuck7076 You could say that.
@cashmcmeans (Kingdom of Kriidyia) there have always been gods associated with fertility and suchlike. In fact they are probably some of the most prominent deities in many cultures.
Who cares? He already told it, like-gainer.
Actually the Indian national calender is not the only local calender used by Indians. Different states have different customs. Like the Bengali calender which is also used in Bangladesh is also used in India by Indian Bengalis with some minor differences like how they have 14th April as the new year and us Indians as 15th. There is also a Marathi calender which begins on a new year of gudi padwa, to be occurring this year on 13th April and many more calenders for different states. calenders
I think it's official calendar of Bangaldesh and Nepal but not India.
Most of India use vikram samvat.
@@tousifj90 yes that's vikram samvat.
Indeed most of India uses the Vikram samvat, but many states have their regional calenders. India is a very diverse nation so this is bound to happen.
@@bruhsam9314yes in kerala we have the malayalam calender and it's the year 2100
Very informative.
Fun fact : in the hijri calendar the evening is technically before the morning such as todays evening being the evening of the 22nd of Rabi' II
Taiwan (formally ROC) is also officially using a different numbering for the years, the year 1 being the foundation year of the Republic of China in 1912. So 2023 would be Republic Year 111. This number is used in school for exam years, on government documents and IDs, and other official circumstances
They use a similar one in North Korea with the Epoch being Kim il sung's Date of birth
Interesting. 👍
Isn't that basically carried on from Qing dynasty, or borrow from Japan depending on the PoV?
@@Jestersage It's a common usage since the end of Western Zhou dynasty (850~BC) to have the years numbering reset every time a different monarch comes in power. Wu Emperor from Han dynasty further added an era name in front of the numbering. It later spread to other East Asian countries and continued to be used in today's Japan and ROC.
@@Aresydatch Yes, the Juche calendar in 🇰🇵.
Watching from Ethiopia 🇪🇹 where it is 2015. Great video.
The Julian calendar is still used in the Orthodox church countries for religious purposes (Easter calculation) with the small exception that the majority of Greeks, Romanians, Bulgarians celebrate Christmas on December 25th instead of Jan 7th.
8:19 That makes me think of the romanian system, there is the gregorian for civil stuff, then for religion there's the orthodox one (like Easter & other holidays are generally 1 week behind the catholic one), and finally, there is a traditional calendar that is no longer much used, with the same months but they have different names
( *and I love this one, because for example July is called "Furnace", "Cuptor" in Romanian because it is hot* 😂😂)
Actually the 3 calendars have the same dates, it's just the celebrations & names that change.
PS: In Romanian a month is litterally called a "moon", "lună", even tho all 3 calendars are solar.
"month" comes from "moon" tho, months are based on the lunar cycles
@@burner555 didn't think to that but i agree, now i can't unsee that lmao
A few calendars from Nepal. 🇳🇵
*(Bikram Sambat) 2079 B.S.
*(Kirat year) 5082 Yele Tangbe/Dong/Thoche.
*(Newa year) 1142 Nepala Sambat.
Wow you really did your research! I almost doubt that you would include my Igbo people's cosmology for the calendar. But you did! I'm impressed
Here in Taiwan, we use a another calendar in addition to the Gregorian. It’s called the Minguo Calendar, and numbers the years starting from the founding of our country. Right now it’s year 112.
台灣那邊過中秋和春節的時候用農曆還是公歷阿
当然是传统历啊
this was very interesting, thank you
The Maya/Aztec calendar is particularly fun because the 260 year cycle means it’s never remotely in sync with solar calendars. It also means you “age” faster because birthdays occur more often. It has a “zodiac” of 20 animals/natural forces that takes 20 days to cycle through, plus a number for each day that resets after 13. My birthday in this system for example is Two-Dog. There are exactly 260 combinations of numbers and symbols because the two cycles won’t arrive at the same combo until 260 days later.
It's so interesting that they are completely different from anything else we know. It really shows how time is a concept humans have 'made up' in the sense of how it's measured.
The mesoamerican lunar calendar synchronases with the solar calendar of 365 days every 73 cycles (52 years). Your age is the same, because it's mesured with the solar year, but your "luck" changes with the lunar day you're in.
I thought the calendar was 20 days over 18 "months", giving 360 days, making it a solar calendar.
In a place where it's always hot, you don't really need a calendar to keep track of the seasons in a repeating pattern.
the Aztecs also used a 365-day calendar which they manually adjusted to bring it into reality.
Thank you for a very fine introduction to the different calendar systems. I work with the very niche topic of holidays in terms of laytime computing. While ceremonial calendars are fundamental in this context, laytime holidays are arbitrary constructions, which may easily be fully detached from our perception of events.
Your videos are always of top quality
Thanks! That's really interesting. Do you have to take into account all regional holidays and categorize them somehow? To decide which are marked on calendars?
Japan doesn't use a different Calendar, however the year is often still counted as or alongside the current Emperors year. So its currently the 4th year of 令和/Reiwa for 2022. And Showa/昭和 lasted for 62 years, before Hirohito died, longest out of any Emperor.
Didn't Japan use Japanese calendar too?
Or is it become out of date? I ask this because Indonesian independence proclamation write the Japanese year instead of Gregorian year (05' from 2605 instead of '45 from 1945).
@@Enseaclopedia Im sorry but I have no clue what youre talking about lol.
@@shadowllght you said Japan doesn't use different calendar, but Indonesian independence document is using japanese year.
It's written in the year of 2605 of Japanese Calendar.
And that's official document under Japan occupation.
@@Enseaclopedia Ah thats counted from the year of the first emperor ever in Japan. I guess it had more of a meaning in the past during the Imperial era but even in the past people usually referred to the current reigning Emperor to count years, before the americanization happened after the war.
On the subject of naming of years, some calader systems start a new "era" when the ruler of the country changes. Some examples are Japan and the UK. Often these are only used for official archiving purposes. It is hard to write dates in the future when you don't know if that future date will still be in the same era as the current date, so these kind of systems are mostly for recording things as they happen, or when referring to events in the past.
Javanese calendar is basically just rebranded Islamic calendar with different names and year counting. The year counting follows Saka calendar from India, still used in Bali, which starts at 78 AD.
Not simple... There is pasaran (5 days) and some hisab calculation to predict the beginning of puasa/upawasa Ramadhan... From 5 days to 7 days per week... And we still use 5 days and 7 days system simultaneously...
@@ariapinandita9240 there are also wuku (63 days cycle), windu (8 year cycle), and so on with their respective purposes...
I love the new graphics and animations in the videos !
Thank you Universidad de Salamanca 🇪🇸 for bringing us the Gregorian calendar 👌🏻. You failed to mention that.
Just FYI, Javanese calendar is solar calendar based on Hindu calendar. After Islamization of Javanese people, they switch to lunar calendar to adjust with Islamic hijri calendar, but still use saka year instead of hijri one. And Javanese calendar have 5 days a week.
thanks to Sultan Agung of Mataram🙌 who has changed the Javanese calendar to follow the Islamic calendar. Since the hindu calendar is no longer relevant for most Javanese, it will be difficult for us Javanese if we still use the hindu calendar.
Pasaran days (5 days system) is very important brother... We can easily predict the beginning of puasa Ramadhan (Hisab method), religious purpose (especially for Kejawen/Javanism), and the time to selling goods to the market (pasar)... Ajisaka/Ajivaka/Aji Saka is very influential... He bring aksara (writing system) and calendar system... Dunno with Javanese, but as Sundanese, this Calendar system is very important... We usually combine the result with Rukyatul Hilal and Bulan Purnama/full moon observation...
@@achmad6962 Hmm... Ajisaka/Ajivaka is a Hindu? Dunno... Never heard of it... He is a very important figure in Javanism/Kejawen and Kasumedangan/Sundanism...
@@achmad6962 तभी तो तुम लोग मानसिक अरबी गुलाम हो
@@ariapinandita9240 ajvika is hindu
You are right about the Igbo native of Nigeria , am an Igbo man and what you said are all true. Thanks for talking about us .
Btw the music in the background in 1:01 which is a little hard to hear is the Prinz Eugen Marsch.
actually it's not repeated guys
Ethiopian calandar is very easy to use. There are 12 months that each have 30 days. Then at the end there is a 13th month which only has 5 days( 6 days on a leap year).
In the Hebrew calendar, every month begins once there is a new moon.
Also, every day begins when the sun starts to set. This is because the first chapter of the book of Genesis states: "ויהי ערב ויהי בוקר יום אחד", which translates to: "And there was evening, and there was morning-the first day." From this, we can infer the first part of the day is the evening, and after that comes the morning.
Hope this is insightful.
Maybe make a video about the Hebrew calendar.
Are you Jewish?
This is the curiosity with our Christian Jesus calendar for Easter and other. We start with Sunday Easter and counting three days back - Thursday. But follow the Hebrew rule (Jesus was an aramaic Hebrew Jew!) it should be Wednesday evening and Saturday evening! But Christmas starts at 24th of evening (including House of Windsor) exclude UK, old colonies of them or Commonwealth!
Actually the Julian and Gregorian calendars also include a luni-solar component: The date of Easter is set to be the first Sunday after the first full moon following the 21th of March (because the day of the crucification is assumed to be either the 14th or 15th of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar). This influences also all holidays of Christian origin for which the date depends on the Easter date, like Passion Week, Pentecost, and Carnival. Most of Eastern Christianity however still uses the Julian calendar to determine the date of Easter, so the date will differ in most years from Easter in the Gregorian calendar (by a week in most years, but in some years up to 5 weeks, like in 2027).
In the Hebrew Calendar, a day begins at sunset and ends with three stars. And, like the Chinese one, a month starts with a new moon. Also, it is actually an ancestor of the Babylonian and Assyrian calendars; the names of the months are of Akkadian origin.
Very interesting! Are they ancestors with a direct connection? Or do they just happen to measure things in a similar way?
@@General.Knowledge Yes! they have a direct connection
Balinese Hindu. calendar for the year of 2022 is 1944 what we called çaka year, we are also don’t count the date as birthday. Our birthday is which days that we are born, according to the cycle. We will have “birthday “ two time in a years since our month is consisting of 35 days New year 1945 will be on 20/21 March 2023
Since you didn't elaborate on the Amazigh year (Berber), I'll give some notes about it:
-It starts 12/13 days after the normal Gregorian year (depending on the country) which corresponds with the first day of the Julian Calendar. So either January 12th like in Algeria or January 13th like in Morocco.
-The New Year's Day is called Yennayer holiday based on the month name which is derived from January.
-The Amazigh year commemorates the year 943 B.C. when the Amazigh King Shoshenq I took the throne of Egypt.
-The current year is 2972. (Gregorian +950 years: 2022 + 950)
-For the celebration, families would cook traditional dishes like Couscous or Berkoukes. It's considered also a good occasion for circumcision of young boys or their first hair cut.
"They're Arabic", he said. Watching this video will trigger every Amazigh. 😂
Thanks!
@@vortex_design Amazigh in Egypt usually see themselves as both Arab and Amazigh
@@vortex_design well we have no way to prove that our lineage is purely Amazigh since arabs came to North Africa more than a millennia ago lol..
But it's true.. we've always ben either marginalized or separated entirely from the Arab world.
@@Ghost-tv1ygyes, but in Egypt, Amazigh are very little number, mostly mixed with locals. If you want to see a high number of Amazighs, go to Morocco, Algeria, Azawad (Mali) and Agadez (Niger).
Thank you so much for these knowledge and information
I really appreciate bless you
Chinese calendar ISN'T based purely on moon cycle. It's a combinations of solar, lunar & observed agrarian seasons.
Thus it's not a lunar calendar!
He never said it's a lunar calendar
3 :52 waxing and not wanting crescent (e.g. the Islamic calendar for the start and the end of Ramadan). And btw, the Mayan calendar appears to be linked to the cycle of Venus.
How did the Roman calendar work? What did they use before western calendars denoted BC and AD?
About the Iranian (aka jalali) calendar
It start at the moment (not the day) of spring equinox (first day of spring usually is March 21 or 20) as the resurgence of nature.
Despite it known as an Islamic country, the months have the names of 12 angels of the Iranian ancient Faith (before 7th century), the zoroastrianism.
First six months have 31 day, the subsequent 5 have 30, and the last month has 29 (30 in leap years)
Also, there are some native pre-Islamic festivals determined through it.
Slavic countries celebrate New Year twice: one on 31st December, and another on 14th January, which is based on Julian calendar. It's often called "old new year". Also, Ancient Slavs had their years organized in cycles of 16 animals, similarly to Chinese
If you do a “why’d we switch?” video, I think a follow up, or second half, depending on time, would be a where could we go next? There’s a 13 month version of the Gregorian calendar and a 10,000 year version that I could see potential in.
Your amazing, Love your videos keep going. Also, You should really make a video about the swedish ship of Vasa, The worlds strongest ever ship sunk in just a few minuets. It's fascinating how they built such a thing in the early days of the 17th century
Thanks! I'll look into it :)
@@General.Knowledge Thank you for appreciating your fans, You've responded to all of my comments and that is certainly really unusual for someone with 720k subs. You are an amazing youtuber. We all love u
His amazing what?
Happy New Year to you, too, General Knowledge 🎉
Vikram Samvat is indian calender but most of Indians pulls Kalanirnay as their national calender as it is widely spread and accurate.
Another excellent and informative video. Thank you . 👍
Thank you for watching!
Definitely would love a more in depth video on any of the calendars
Chinese calendar has three dimensions for cycles. Traditionaly, the sexagenary cycle is the most important and the most common, which is a 60 year cycle denoted using two chinese characters. Then there is the zodiac, the 12 year cycle. Historically the emporor will select a name and Chinese will add this name before number to indicate year, such as "Tianbao 5 year". After a couple years if a new emporer reign or some event occur, a new word is used to start a new age. This method is still used in Japan and Taiwan.
Good stuff bro
Easter is also determined using the Moon in the Christian calendar.
By Vinča’s calendar now is year 7530.
The Hebrew calendar isn't only for religious purposes, Jews have timed many cultural traditions from this since ancient Israel times - festival of spring, festival of the first fruits, new year of the trees, etc etc.
Our new year is yugadi April 2024 9
Mine is malayali calender a regional variant of hindu calender
Today, 31 December 2022 is here
Dhanu 16 1198
Dhanu is fifth month
It's called Panchang (पंचांग) the national Calendar of India but it's used for each and every festivals of Hindu Dharma. But Gregorian Calendar is used here for everything except religious occasions and festivals.
10:09 You forgot about juche, but that Calendar system is the Gregorian one, but the 1 was Kim Il-sung's birthday. (1912). There was no BC for 1911. (I guess)
Weird usage of "BC" since it still means "before Christ" and using "BCE" would also not work, because it stands for "before common era". It would be either BJ (before Juche) or BJE (before Juche era)
7:24 A little correction, the year 0 BE is set to 543 BC for the year that the Buddha died AKA _parinirvana,_ not his birth.
The actual date and year of his death is disputed but that is what it is set to.
Can you please make a longer one going into more depth on the calendars and how they worked
Until the 15th century (1420 if I’m not mistaken) Portugal was the only country still using the Caesarian age calendar, so every date before the year of the change is 38 years displaced
Hindu New Year falls normally in Georgian Month of Mid April, which is the beginning of New Vikram Samvat (57 years ahead of Julian one) except for Gujarat, they celebrate their New Year one day after Diwali.
8:12 that's true, in Java we using
1. Gregorian calendar (printed with bigger number)
2. Islamic calendar (printed with lowercase)
3. Javanese calendar (printed with lowercase)
4. Sometime also including Chinese calendar (also printed with lowercase)
What's a lowercase number?
@@B3Band He means printed in smaller size
@@B3Band he means the calendars circulating in Indonesia use the Gregorian calendar and usually add a small note for the Islamic calendar etc.
Ajisaka/Ajivaka/Aji Saka and Sultan Agung Mataram is very influential in Java island... Yups... The Island of Java is the last stronghold of Saka culture...
The Julian Calendar play still use it by the Orthodox church
asm knowledge sir❤️Thank you for making the best content possible for me to be my happiest day । I look forward to watching your videos!
Thank you for mentioning the Bulgar calendar ^_^
I would like to add the Quechua\Aymara calendar used in festivities by the indigenous communities of the Bolivian, Peruvian, Chilean and Argentinian Andes, which is solilunar. The moon has 13 "periods" of 28 days each, and the sun has 8 months of 30 days and 4 of 31 days for a total of 364 days, plus an additional day called "Jach'a Uru", which is both the shortest and coldest day of the year, and also the transitional day from a year to the next. The festivity of the new year happens every 21 of June and is called "Willkakuti" and represents the end of the harvest season and the beginning of a new agricultural cycle. The biggest ceremony happens in the ruins of the ancient city of Tiwanaku, nearby the Titicaca lake in Bolivia. There, indigenous priests (and also tons of tourists) gather each year to wait for the first rays of the sun to come through an ancient monolith called "Gateway of the sun", which used to serve as solar calendar to the pre-inca Tiwanaku civilization. In this system, the Gregorian 2023 will be year 5531, or year 531 of the 5th era (each era is 1000 years). This linear way of counting years is modern (in the old times it was cyclical) and more political than religious. It is the years that has passed since the arrival of Columbus to the Americas in 1492 plus 5000 years, which is more or less the amount of time that some indigenous scholars and philosophers think the old Andean civilizations thrived before being crushed by the European invasion.
Luni solar - Please make a video on how it works etc. Would appreciate it very much. And you just got another subscriber.
Thanks for mentioned ethiopian calendar and additionally ethiopian calendar have surprised things like the new years start at September 11
and the only country that have 13 months the last months known as puagma it is the short months have 5 days and it is 6 days with in 4 years and 7 days with in 400 years and the rest of the months have equally 12 months without additional days.
Amazing video, congrats.
Thank you!
What I find interesting is that as late as 1788 (and even in 1998) in Europe Metric time was proposed. Think about it: our current time is quite strange - a 12+12 based system for hours and a 60 based for minutes and seconds - also how months are 'scheduled' to 12 is interesting.
A Metric system would have solved everything - dividing the day into 10 hours or 1,000 minutes, each new hour into 100 minutes, each new minute into 1,000 seconds. Year being 10 months. This might seem strange to hear suddenly but think about our current time management a bit more - you knew of course that the the daily time is around 2000 years old based on very 'interesting' things and the yearly time 4000 years old based on Egyptian solstices + gods.
I'm a little dissapointed that the the Juche calendar wasn't mentioned in this video.
Interesting also to note that about a third of countries start the week on Sunday compared to 2/3 on Monday and a handful even start the week on Saturday
Very interesting too! Although I feel like in a lot of cases the Sunday start is more of a formal thing than a reality. Here in Portugal I think it technically starts on Sundays but in reality it's Mondays.
@@General.Knowledge Actually my friend in Algeria begins his 5 day working week on Sunday, as Friday is their most holy day, and Saturday is seen as the rest of the weekend for him.
@@General.Knowledge And due to Portugal officially starting on a Sunday, yet follows the same 4-day rule for which is week 1, that means that 1 out of 7 years, Portugal will be out of sync with the rest of Europe for which week is week 1.
This happens every year starting on a Thursday, so next time this will be 2026. Week 1 is 29 Dec to 4 Jan in Europe, while week 1 is 4 Jan to 10 Dec in Portugal instead, which is week 2 in Europe.
Many East Orthodox Chrisitian countries use the Gregorian calendar for religious purposes, for instance Russia celebrates Christmas on January 6.
The Julian calendar is still used in Eastern Orthodox countries now mostly for religious reasons but it's not that they don't know it's wrong (the year is not quite 365.25 days), it's just that Pope Gregory had no business reforming the calendar. In a couple of centuries, it'll be 14 days out. BTW Bolivia has recently attempted to revive a pre-columbian calendar.
Happy new year, General!
You seem to love Austrian Marches! When it's not Radetzky, is Prinz Eugen (der Edler Ritter). Sprechen Sie Deutsch?
8:11 The Javanese calendar is actually the same as the Islamic calendar. it all started when Sultan Agung wanted to combine the ancient Javanese calendar with the Islamic calendar, the calendar system changed to follow the Islamic calendar from solar to lunar, then the names of the months were replaced with Islamic months, but the year continued with the ancient Javanese year.
Hehehe... Saka-Hijriyah hybrid calendar brother... Yups... To commemorate Ajisaka/Aji Saka/Ajivaka came to the island of Java... So we combine it with Hijriyah calendar... From 5 days to 7 days...
Kau masih bangga dengan jati diri jawa? Kau arab sudah berhenti gak usah anggap diri kau jawa. Jelas² leluhur kau dri arab ngebet dibilang jawa.
@@davidivory3234 apasihh 😂 saya orang Jawa tulen . asal kamu tau ya kaum sesajen ! Jawa itu sebenarnya sudah Islami lebih daripada yang pernah kamu bayangkan ! Hanya saja proyek belanda yaitu Nativisasi yang menjauhkan Islam dengan Jawa karena belanda trauma dengan perang Jawa (perang Sabil / fi Sabilillah) yang dipimpin oleh Pangeran Diponegoro rahimahullah, ini semua tertulis di universitas Leiden, perang yang sangat merugikan belanda, yaitu setara dengan pendapatan belanda selama 20 tahun penjajahan di wilayah jajahannya di seluruh dunia, belanda melihat Islam sebagai spirit kuat orang Jawa, bukan spirit leluhur sesajen dedemit terbelakangmu itu. Bahkan Jawa saat itu pernah memiliki aturan adat yang sama seperti adat Minang, yaitu Jawa pasti Muslim, yaitu jika keluar dari Islam maka sudah tidak dianggap sebagai orang Jawa.
@@achmad6962 Orab arab mana tau sejarah jawa, si keparat wali songo telah bnyak membunuh raja² jawa hindu-buddha terutama sunan kudus, dan cerita hayalan wali songo memurtadkan seluruh jawa dg cara damai padahal dg cara memaksa dan disetujui oleh demak islam fanatik. Jati diri jawa terbentuk di kerajaan medang kaum siva-buddhist bkn mataram sultan. Padahal seluruh wali songo yg kau bangga²an adalah orang asing keturunan china dan arab.
Padahal perang diponegoro bukan perang untuk membebaskan orang jawa dri penjajahan tp untuk memuaskan hasrat bejat ponegoro yg punya bnyk wanita pemuas dan tergila² tahta yg ingin sekali jadi raja bahkan rela jdikan kaum sendiri budak babu demi hadiah dri belanda. Ditambah tanah jawa digadaikan mataram demi tahta, islam hnya membawa kemunduran bagi jawa dn sejarahnya yg menjdi bermental budak. Terimakasih islam.
@@achmad6962
Kau pun shrsnya sadar islam mataram yg kau banggakan adalah islm sesajen, seharusnya kau tau sejarah islm fanatik demak dg islam sesajen panjang saling membunuh dlm nama islam mereka.
The two differences between Coptic and Ethiopian calendars are the names of the months/days and the count of years, otherwise, they're the same.
There is a calendar in Indian subcontinent also known as bengali calendar but also use by punjabi people. Created by emperor Akbar, which has a significant impact on bengali culture. As a festival call "Pohela Boishakh" or Bengali new year named after Boishakh the first month of the calendar.
Very interesting!
@@General.Knowledge I have to say this video was much more interesting than the fact told here. I love when you take a break from the map-based videos and do these time-related and other stuff as well. Maps are fun, but seeing them constantly feels... cliche.
It was an adaptation of Hindu calendar with mix with hizri one
@@नास्तिक-ट3ध yah I know. And I don't care it's hindu or izri. Just matters it came from here (Bangladesh, India, Pakistani). We have lot of history behind it and it was worth mentioning.
@@General.Knowledge vaishakh come from vikram samvat Or hindu calender.
I'd be really interested to hear you talk about the switch to the Gregorian
That is an excellent question.
It's quite interesting to learn this video about Solar, Lunar and Lunisolar calendar. But there's one thing i want to explain: the Metonic cycle need to complete about 235 synodic months or 19 years, which the moon is return to the exactly same spot.
As an Islamic person, every Hijri months begins when a waxing crescent is appear above the west horizon during sunset, thus the next day is the 1st day of Hijri month. If not, that month will complete 30 days and the new Hijri month will start 2 days later.
Iranian here, the Iranian calendar started after the first time the arab/mulsim colonizers left iran and we were able to Iranianise again… has nothing to do with Mohammad
Do you have a vlog that explains why we switched on Gregorian Calendar?
Happy 2566 from Bangkok!
bravo!! loved it!!!
7:34 fun fact in iran our persian new year is the 20th of march it’s called nowrooz (new day in persian) which we celebrate the end of cold winter and the start of our spring
In Kurdistan it’s the 21st (Gregorian)
Also we have our own calendar, the date is 17th of Befranbar 2722 on the Kurdish calendar
@@ÇALAKNÊT we dont have exact same day for nowruz in persian calender its very exact to suns total 1 lap movement
we might celebrate nowruz a year for example in 8 pm in 20 march but the next year it will be around 2 a.m 21st march beacuse years are more like 365 days and 6 hours
First six months after nowruz has 31 days and the next 5 has 30 days
The last month to calibrate with solar movement we have 29 days for 3 years then 30 days for 1 year to just make the years right
Its basically on 20th or 21st of march
We are at year 2583 (cyrus the great stablished acheamnid empire )
Im sure 2722 is the year median king stablished mede
Persian Months in order are :
1.farvardin:20(21) of march
2.ordibehesht
3.khordad
4.tir
5.mordad
6.shahrivar
7.mehr(sun or kindness)
8.aaban
9.aazar(fire just like azarbaijan)
10.dey
11.bahman(avalanch)
12.esphand
I'll be happy to know more about kurdish calender my brother
We also call months maah and the names come from 12 arch angles of zoroastrianism
@@notatroll78 I’ll list months of Kurdish calendar
1. Newroz (New Year)
2. Gullan
3. Cozerdan
4. Pûşperr
5. Xermanan
6. Gelawêj
7. Rezber
8. Gellarêzan
9. Sermawerz
10. Befiranbar
11. Rêbendan
12. Reşemê
@@ÇALAKNÊT its kinda cool i recognize most of the words you said but i dont know about meaning of our persian months that much
A lot of words you use it is also used in persian but e is spelled a like berf in kurdish is barf in persian
But its mostly the villagers understand those words just like the one i lived in in fars province near the birth place of cyrus the great
A regular persian will recognize less than a villager persian , because standard one is forcefully changing to arabic by our molla regime
Many states that use the Gregorian calendar also use a lunar element to calculate many of its religious holidays, e.g. Easter is typically celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon occurring on or after the vernal equinox is around the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere.
Wow. Decades ago, long before internet, I thought I was being original when I came up with a 13 month calendar each of 28 days. And then 5 days of Month 0 to party. The 13th month? Stevember of course.
Thanks ❤to this channel is helpful to true history and gK 🙏
The Afghan & Persian calendar is the Zodiac calendar. In Iranian they Persianized the names of the months were as in Afghanistan they still use the Zodiac names of the months. In Iran,
During this 70's the monarchy tried to institute a Shahi calendar that supposedly started with the creation of the Persian monarchy 2,500 years ago, but it fell to the wayside with the end of the monarchy two years later.
In Iran, thankfully, we use the correct Persian names. In Afghanistan, unfortunately, you use the Arabic names for the months.
+@@kambiz7556 I am not Afghan.
The names used for months in Iran are approximations of Pahlavi or middle Persian from Cuneiform script.
Today, you have 4 letters from that language; the rest is Arabic script + 65-70 of the Arabic vocabulary, and 25% are Turkish. Interestingly enough, the Farsi spoken in Afghanistan is closer to the older form of the language ( the same could be said for Tajiki + 30% of Uzbek additions to their language and after the last 80 years, a good percentage of Russian)
@@Ace_Of_Bace What are you trying to prove??
@@kambiz7556 That you are ill-informed.
@@Ace_Of_Bace All you did was old school Plagiarism (lol). What you have to say on your own.
I'm in New Zealand and am watching this 2 hours after uploading on the 31st of December.
New calendar 1: Keyword: Baha’i - 19 months, 19 days per month, 4 or 5 day intercalery festival includes February 28 (29) so that the Baha’i calendar consistently matches the Gregorian calendar.
New calendar 2: Keyword: Lotus 1 2 3 - each day has a number starting with day 1 a long time ago (no years, no months, no weeks); the calendar subroutine converts the day number into the format chosen by the user. This is very convenient for calculating elapsed time in days.
You may tell me I am mistaken or add details as you choose.
Cool thank you for so much 👍
The day for Easter each year is determined using a luni-solar calendar that merges the metonic cycle and the Gregorian/Julian calendar depending on tradition.
im always watching on the date of the upload
Minor correction: Siamese/Thai Bhudist Era supposedly started on the date of the Bhuda's death, not birth.
my favourite one is Coptic - 13 x 28d months (=364) with 1 or 2 days for leap year (365 or 366) - in the 'west' we could put the leap day at Christmas/New Year 🙂
I’m Nigerian and most people I know use the Gregorian calendar. You could say villagers might use the one you showed but it’s either Gregorian or the Islamic calendar. Just to inform you