Time Team - Cottage Core: 500 Years of Life at Home Through Buildings Archaeology
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- Опубліковано 25 сер 2024
- You may have heard of the 'cottage core' trend that has captured many people's imaginations recently. While the concept might portray a slightly idealised view of countryside living, we thought it would be interesting to approach the rural dwelling from an archaeological perspective.
Time Team archaeologist Dani Wootton catches up with buildings expert and gifted illustrator, Dr Richard Parker, to discuss some of the archaeological techniques used to understand the development of a building over time.
Together, Dani and Richard guide us through 500 years of history of a Devon farmhouse, from its origins in the 1500s up to the present day, using Richard's incredible drawings. They discuss how fashions changed in different eras, and how these affected the structure and fabric of a home.
This is one not to be missed!
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![Lp. Сердце Вселенной #1 НАЧАЛО ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯ [Новый сезон] • Майнкрафт](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/380Q7gLWGvk/mqdefault.jpg)
It's amazing to recall that each of us had many thousands of different ancestors alive during the 1500s, each of whom likely lived in a structure with a history very similar to this, or more humble. And half the time, our ancestors were the servant on the pile of straw in the corner, not the master in the poster bed.
Surnames can be a great tool to learn what your ancestors did, everyone knows the trade names like Baker or Smith, but many names relate to places or what the land they owned was used for. One of my ancestors family names relates to the growing of water cress, and likely means they owned such a business. Also how a name has mutated can tell you how old that family is because standardised spelling is a very recent invention.
@@SevCaswell -- Or as in my case, that you had an ancestor with a certain nickname. Now, maybe the name came about because of 1) nickname for Patrick 2) someone had a big head or 3) someone was the head of something.
On another hand, I do have a name in my lineage that's a variation on Thatcher. Names can be funny things.
@@feliciapate7926 My late father was german. He said german last names can be quite descriptive. When he attended Boys Technecial High School in Milwaukee, back in the 1930s, there was a Mr.Grosskampf(not sure of the exact spelling, but he told me it translated as Mr.Big head. We have an elementary school in my school district called Wiederstein, he said it meant stone(stein), and wieder means just what you think it refers to. Some cousins of his mother are named von Lilienschild.They fought in the Crusades and some members belonged to the Livonian Knights of the Sword, which later became part of the Teutonic Knights. The name means lily shield (their coat of arms), and i guess they took their last name from their coat of arms.Our last name Hilpert is very old,but he wasn't exactly sure what it meant, he did say the family was entitled to use von in the name, but from what I've seen most of them didn't even though they could.A lot of the ancient german families called Uradel rarely used von, even though I guess they were allowed to.
Oh I am very here for having a work throne! And peeling back the soul of a building! It's this sort of genuine joy and passion that keep me coming back
Richard and Danni's facial expressions as they shared insights and probed historic trends had me scribbling frantically, wanting to go off and research each reference. Got to see a lime ash floor now for myself! Brilliant. Thanks team, and especially Danni and Richard
That is the beauty of their talk. It engages curiosity on so many levels.
Richard is delightful, and I am grateful that he has shared his knowledge, and brilliant art.
Beautiful cutaway illustrations.
Oh blimey, the anticipation!
You were brilliant Richard!
I just loved learning this stuff especially since its about regular people's lives. Just fascinating and the drawings added a lot to my understanding.
no doubt some, my ancestors somewhere from Wales & England. My dad's Welsh lineage is known for a certain Gun designed in early Wales. As a teen loving peace & love when dad found this out, I abhorred my ancestors. Now it's fascinating to reflect on.
There should be a UA-cam Chanel just for this.. such an interesting subject very well illustrated and put across . Thanks
Her smile and the way his eyes ignite -- I love the way they engage their own erudition. No snottiness, just the excitement of knowing.
I love Dani's enthusiasm for history, she's always smiling and seems fascinated throughout, even though we know she's talked about all these things before, her joy and wonder for it never seems to damper. Makes my experience as the viewer feel more at home like I'm part of the conversation or maybe even in the room with these experts while that speak. Good show. I'm thrilled time team and it's crew are coming back into the spot light. We need more educators and proper knowledgeable material being put out these days with all the other nonsense that is at people's fingertips.. carry on my friends. I look forward to any and all adventure you choose to share with us!
And I love his facial expressions 🤣. He should be proud of those drawings. Not everyone has the hand or eye for detail. Well done sir
Dr Richard Parker's information about interiors of past 500 years is fascinating. And his insights about various centuries' aesthetics, vernacular and posh, the changes over time and reasons for popular culture imaginations. Much to consider about Devon Cottage and all housing of past 2,000 years. Thank you!!! But also wonder how Dani is so clever with her "beauty Zoom" lights and camera to look a radiant 25 instead of the decade since Time Team
Stunning Richard. Those illustrations!!! That knowledge!!! The delivery!!!
My fathers ancestors hail from Devon so I truly enjoyed this
That was fascinating. Thanks for sharing your drawings and your insights.
This was wonderful, thank you. Richard is so knowledgeable and full of love for his subject. My dad’s family is from East Devon and I’m fascinated to work out if one of the farms they lived on, Lufflands, had a similar history. I can see lots of similarities watching this video!
And you carry out interviews with such care and thought, Dani
Incredibly interesting. Thank you so much!🐝❤️🤗
I saw a "cross passage" at Stoneacre, a National Trust property near Maidstone, Kent. Surrounded by all the later additions it didn't make any sense, but now it does! Thank you 😊 xx
A picture is worth a thousand words.
Penshurst Place is awesome in Kent for it's untouched hall. You can feel the history.
There's a Steeleye Span performance from there in 1974 filmed by BBC. In all its finery.
Very interesting subject and well presented. Richard is intelligent, funny and very easy on the eye 💕
Dr Parker and Danni - what a timeless team! What a great video - thank you - I learned so much in the charming, eloquent and learned company of these two! More please :-)
A picture really is worth 100 words.
I really like these behind the scene shows. It is great find out more information.
And suddenly I have a lightbulb moment. Is this why still, in modern houses, the hall or hallway is so called?
yes!
Good idea! Any chance of a sequel with the bronze and iron ages, and the medieval?
Singleton, where Bayleaf is to be found, is in the west of West Sussex and quite a long way away from Kent. You might like to know that a traditional house in Corsica with a central hearth about knee high did tend to be quite full of smoke, but apparently they were used to it, whether it was any good for their health is another story.
Where can I find more of Dr Richard Parker’s drawings?
Contact him on Facebook, I suggest.
Soot was used as roof insulation before other forms of insulation. My 1875 loft was full of the stuff laid between the roof rafters.
Excellent video and Dani is absolutely beautiful and smart xoxo 😘 ❤ 💕
Eagerly awaiting!
Those faded blue-greens now seen in old wall paintings and tapestries were very vibrant in their day, the greens fade to blue/gray over time.
I live in the US. Now I understand why my mother bought this house! We were stationed in the Midlands with the US Air Force at RAF Lakenheath. You enter our house by a central doorway. To the left is the formal dining and living room. In the back of this is the den or great room with a cathedral ceiling,beams, and a hearth. There is a sliding door out opposite the front door. The house was built in 1968. The kitchen is a galley kitchen to the side of the great room. It is nearly the same as your house drawing in layout. As things change they stay the same! I love anything "Time Team" puts out.
Great video mate 🇬🇧🇦🇺
The endlessly fascinating evolution of the human race.
So much would have depended on the climate of each
particular 'country'' if you will...
Thank you for this video.
I was born in a Cob long house near Shebbear. The site is listed in the Domesday book but don't really know how old the house is. The front door is very wide and low probably for cattle . A very interesting early wooden window has just been uncovered that didn't use glass
I have noticed commercial properties often keep historical aspects to their building better than residential ones. Wetherspoons seems to be quite good at that. The high street banks however destroy and vandalise some beautiful buildings in a philistine whirl. They might keep the front skin but everything else is destroyed unnecessarily.
Can't wait
Thanks Doc!
Lovely video, always enjoy people talking of their passions.
One thing that struck me listening to you talk. I don't know the etymology of the phrase but would the terms "High End" & "Low End" for expensive & cheap have come from the parts of the house & the status of the rooms & who used them?
that's about it, the high end for the family, the low end for the servants and hangers-on..
Very interesting- would be fascinating to see something of earlier houses in Devon and Cornwall such as the Hounds Tor longhouses and even what was going on in the subRoman period..? ( having just visited St Pirans oratory from the 5th or 6th century!)
I'd like to suggest that a multi screen format would make this all easier to follow. Having to remember what the house looks like on each step of the journey is difficult. 3 screens, one of which is the image of the house, under current discussion, would be useful.
I had a chance to visit St Fagans National History Museum in Cardiff back in 1973 while living in Bristol. The Hendre'r-ywydd Uchaf Farmhouse was a revelation. The left end of the building was actually a stable and to the right was a common room with benches against the walls and a fire place in the centre of the floor. I don't recall there was even a smoke hole in the thatch. There was also a large chest holding the household pots and utensils. Further to the right was another room used for sleeping. I don't believe there was even a bed. It was there that I noted that all the doorways had raised thresholds, which, of course, is why they are so named. The most fascinating aspect was that in winter, the family could climb up into the loft and sleep above the animals for added warmth.
My aunt had a house like that in the north of the Netherlands in the early 50s. Cows had once been kept in one side of the house. The rings were still in the wall of the hall. The roof was thatched and it was visible in the bedroom.
That guy's a hoot!
A house, open to the roof, with a central fire has no hole in the roof to let the smoke out. This creates draft and the house burns down. The smoke finds its way through cracks or through a thatched roof. I have heard this several times but still reconstructions always have a hole in the roof. Who is right?
There are a lot of signs of growing separation of servants from householders in the 17th century. Prior to this they were counted as family. We're still a long way from upstairs/downstairs-the householders' own children still might well go off to be servants in a more well-off house-but the separation is just beginning in the 17th century.
Just wondered was it not common practice to keep livestock in the house in winter under the sleeping areas as they did on the continent? In Italy many rural farmhouses the ground floor was for animals until quite recent times! Added warmth!
it was common practice to have them in a hovel - just at the other end from where you were sleeping. Two storey accommodation for farm labourers only came in around 1780 in NE Essex IF the landlord built them.
@@MagiciansApprentice1 correct, and here in Devon it was called the shippon.
There is a particular type of house here in Devon (and other 'highland' regions of England and Wales) called a Longhouse, where the cattle were kept in the same building as the family. John Thorp once remarked that, given how one's livestock was a status symbol, this is a bit like lining up expensive cars on your driveway or having an enormous double garage entrance next to your front door so that all your visitors can see what a swell you are..
@@richardparker4654 and also found in Brittany, of course... considering your ability as an artist and communicator, have you ever considered making some videos for UA-cam? When we met in Exeter, you had a great deal to say which was of considerable interest to me, and our subsequent dealings over Facebook have only confirmed the depth of your knowledge and ability to communicate the same.
Greetings from Canada! Thank's for the fascinating video! I'm wondering in the earliest version of the cottage where the kitchen would've been located, or was all cooking activity taking place around the open fire in the hall ? As much as I love Time Team and can't wait for the first new episode, as a British history and architecture 'nut', I equally enjoy these little videos, so keep them coming please!
Ther was a BBC series about life on a Tudor Farm that showed how the various activites would likely have been done, and the cooking was done around the central hearth but that was in a farm with I think only 2 rooms.
If they were a wealthy family, the kitchen might have been a separate building at the back, to avoid the risk of accidentally burning down the main house. There would have been other outbuildings: stables, barn, cowshed, piggery, toilets/privies, wash house, etc, which may have been cleared away by now.
Often it was done around the open fire. In some very grand houses, where they were cooking for a lot of people, there seem, sometimes, to have been separate kitchens!
@@richardparker4654 Well fire is a big risk, so kitchens were often separated so there was less risk of burning down the whole house.
I grew up in the middle of the USA in the 1960s in a house that was built in the 1840s (which is very old by US standards). It had no heat upstairs where the bedrooms were, so maybe things haven't changed all the much over the years :)
If you can find some older episodes of This Old House, 7-15 years ago (start there), they’ve remodeled homes in New England that date to the 1600s (while maintaining the historical integrity of the house).
I love time team, but I would have preferred more pictures, drawings and voice overs. Too much face time for me.
Have to agree. Other illustrations along with discriptions, way too much face time.
Prized livestock was kept in the house...
Then…. Are the toilets outside or an extension off the second floor?
Probably outside until the 1950s
@@lenabreijer1311 initially there wouldn't have been any toilets, that was what a chamber pot was for, and then it would have been thrown into a pit or onto a compost heap. As the house evolved toilets would have been built externally but even into the late 1800s toilets/bathrooms as we know them weren't a thing in regular houses. Or even in royal palaces, as there are records of the Palace of Versailles that show someone was paid to remove human feces from the hallways and rooms once a week...
The history of the toilet is a facinating subject all on its own.
@@SevCaswell my aunt in the 50s had a cottage in the north of the Netherlands like this. There was an out house. And a manure pile just beside it.
The Georgians may have had a colour called drab, but we have magnolia, yuck!
People who are interested in this may enjoy reading Ruth Goodman’s The Domestic Revolution
A hall-house of this size and complexity wouldn’t be the home of a simple laborer or farmer, who would live in a one-room hut. This is more representative of the yeoman/franklin class, or substantial free farmer, who owned the land he farmed.
24:24 - "God forbid, demolished" Then making the cross sign? Is that an english thing?
The whole discussion and the pictures are amazing, but this really irritated me.
Didn’t receive advance notice of this in my email!
This is labeled as time team. I’m not sure what it is, but it’s definitely not time team. This was two talking heads.
surely in these tech times, any background stuff that can be brought to us so easily, enhances the 1 hour programme we all want to see. Its about the process and research in all archaeological areas. (In my opinion).
Time Team is about archaeologists doing archaeology and sharing their knowledge of it, and of history, with an audience who isn't just interested in "entertainment" but also in the discipline itself. This is a Time Team member discussing archaeology with another archaeologist. What about this isn't Time Team (or do you mean they have to be knee deep in a trench for you to consider it)? If Time Team themselves posted themselves doing this discussion, then it is Time Team. And if you think otherwise, well...looks like you REALLY aren't sure at all what Time Team is. I mean, the sheer cheek of coming onto Time Team's channel to tell the Team that they aren't Time Team because you (claim you) don't actually know better but actually deep down inside think you do. Really.
As someone who got an anthropology degree , this makes zero sense. For one, having a unguarded fire in the middle of a timber house without a harth of any kind, not in a cone construction (like a Hogan), makes little sense. For one having doors that run as a 'shotgun' through even a wattle and daub would cause the room to effixate the inhabitants because there wouldn't be any way to control the smoke going out of the space (no flue) Second, fire needs both air and a draw factor that would allow the fire to be effective for cooking, as well as sleeping. I've been watching Time Time for several years, and this just seems a little "off" in my opinion.
The thatch breathes. So the smoke goes out that way. Windows were open because glass was expensive and so there were only shutters. There would be plenty of air coming in as drafts too. No hermetically sealed doors. The smoke will hang about 9 feet off the floor so no problem with breathing. All this has been tried and experimented with.
this where the phrase 'alittle knowledge is a dangerous thing' comes from. Just because you have a degree doesn;t mean you know everything. This topic has been researched and tested by many many people, and reconstructions have been made that show how efficient such building can be. One of the reasons that most buildings with open central hearths are single storey with steep pitched rooves is because the smoke would fill the roof space, but not interfere at ground level.
Chronic bronchitis used to be a thing, long before smoking, and is still a problem for third world women who live and cook in huts without a modern chimney over an open cooking fire.
Asphyxiation is more of a risk if it's a small hut: it happened not long ago to some Nepali women who were exiled to a small hut during their periods, and had a fire in there during winter.
It's odd that the Romans had worked out how to build a large stone house, and had adapted the design to the British climate (with underfloor heating!) over 1000 years earlier, but the Barbarians carried on living in huts and the design evolved slowly from that.
@@faithlesshound5621 only the wealthy romans had under floor heating the rest of the 98% lived in the same kinds of houses described here, except sometimes they were round.
Some very new studies do show a lot more cancer in early medieval skeletons. Smoke is smoke after all. It was a choice, freeze and die early or stay warm and potentially get cancer. Humans actually have protection against smoke in their DNA because we survived a million years cooking over a smoky fire.