Click here to watch Part 1: ua-cam.com/video/kesoaodXli0/v-deo.html Click here to buy poster: usefulcharts.com/products/limited-edition-carolingian-family-tree
I heard once that if you were to follow absolut(=not male preferance) primogeniture, Henry, Grand Duke of Luxembourg would be the rightfull King of GB. If so, would he in that case replace Elisabeth as heir of Charlemagne?
@@denislamesch8155 Absolute primogeniture _from where_? In that sort of thing, a lot depends on the starting point. I calculated the absolute primogeniture line from William the Conqueror a few years ago, and ended up, with some assumptions, at Louis Boulard de Vaucelles (born 1932); I can't access my intermediate results right now, so I'm not sure how I got there (googling it right now I can't find anyone by that name with that birth year at all).
His real name is Sir Rufus Hugo Giles Sebright, 16th Baronet, so while he isn't on the same level as the rest of the names there, he isn't exactly a rando.
Interastingly enough, as you shown in the chart, unless Duke Franz of Bavaria has any chidlren, shich is unlikely at his old age, the line fuses into the Liechtenstein family, eventually giving the Prince of Liechtenstein the right to claim succession to Charlemagne at some point in the future. It *could* potentially even work in a more cultural way rather than just family, since The House of Liechtenstein is the last remaining german speaking ruling dynasty, and I just find the idea of the "Empire of Liechtenstein, the truest successor to the Holy Roman Empire" absolutely amazing.
6:15 In fact, Charles X's line did not die out, but was passed down through his granddaughter Louise d'Artois, Duchess of Parma. If we continue this line, Charlemagne's most senior heir is today Pedro de Borbón-Dos Sicilias y Orléans, Head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
I'm gonna go on a super Whims of History line and say the most Senior Heir is none other than Matt Baker. Owing to his research in, and charting of, all this information.
just to say that Charlemagne is, for France, only one of the many Frankish kings. there were some before him, there were some after him. he did not create the Frankish kingdom, he is its heir and he is (perhaps) ALSO the father of Germany. Charlemagne is above all a Frankish king, a descendant of the Frankish kings who are French. Germany is a French Colony, just like England.
In a previous video, you showed how Felipe VI of Spain could possibly claim the title of Emperor of Rome. Mix into that this claim as Successor of Charlemagne, and I would whole heartedly support the Line of Charlamagne at last achieving their dynastic dream... ...to be the next Roman Empire. tl;dr Felipe VI of Spain has my vote, as it seems the most dramatic and most epic course of history imao.
But current head of Habsburg dynasty also has both claims to be roman emperor , emperor of HRE and heir of Karl der Große, so emperors of three empires.
A cool idea for a chart is "Which ruling monarchs are in line to the throne of another country?". Example, the Dutch king had his succession to the British throne restored with the Succession to the Crown Act of 2013.
"the Dutch king had his succession to the British throne restored with the Succession to the Crown Act of 2013." Glorious Revolution 2.0 Electric Boogaloo here we go!
I traced my family from a small fishing village in Tangier, Nova Scotia, Canada all the way back to Alfred the Great. Took me forever but the trees are endless. However does this for a living has to be patient and extremely patient.
@@felixcroc I use a site called family search. It is free to use. Just create a profile and create your own branch for you and your parents and connections should come. Good luck
Since the questions of law and history make things complicated, I think it would be interesting to know who is just the most senior verifiable descendant period. Basically absolute primogeniture with illegitimate allowed as long as it can be verified. Probably wouldn't be the right answer because like you said records for female lines are hard, but still the closest verifiable answer would be interesting.
Tried to find an early senior daughter and tried tracking the line to 20th century. Very likely went wrong way at some point but found some more or lesser known Belgian and Dutch nobles. So basically very near Luxembourg.
I enjoy the fact history went with the harder option for actual heir tracing to really double (more like decuple) down on sexism. When a kid is born you can't really tell who the father is, but you can just look at where the little one came from to see the mother. Not in a: "Great times" sense of enjoyment, it just makes me laugh.
@@DomenBremecXCVI Well, in most of history I'm sure they were aware that you can always [almost] be sure of the mother but not the father, but if they wanted to apply that principle each king in turn would have to be succeeded only by a sister's son, who could be assured of being the heir of his grandfather. But that would mean every royal generation had to produce at least one son to rule and one daughter to produce the next heir, and each king would have to be content with being succeeded by a nephew, not a son. Some systems IIRC have tried this. But on the whole it sounds like an even more complicated jobs program for the heralds and genealogists and a recipe for even more war among princes.
I tried doing this, a big problem is that even when descendants were recorded (which usually happened, though some families lost so much prestige even that disappeared) birth dates were not recorded, and since being firstborn daughter usually meant nothing if you had a brother, it was very hard for me to determine which child was actually first. I tried doing things like this for a few French kings, and I got a few random minor Italian nobles. Interestingly, if you do male-preference primogeniture rather than Salic law for the French kings, you eventually get the same line, since one of the daughters married into the line of the monarchy of Navarre, which did use male-preference primogeniture. And since Henry IV merged the thrones together, you eventually get the kings of France. For some French kings doing absolute primogeniture also gets you to Henry IV, where the line remains the same until Louis XVI since he had an older sister.
I think that Felipe is the more senior heir due to semi/Salic law, and something you looked over in the first video. Charlemagne was Catholic, Queen Elizabeth is Protestant, and Felipe is Catholic. Charlemagne was the Catholic Warrior King after all
Interesting observation,but apart from a few heretical sects sprinkled across continental Europe,during Charlemagne's time,there was no distinctive theological split between Catholic and Protestant,as all notable dynastic European kings and princes,etc.,recognise the Pope as the temporal head of the united Christian Church.
@@MrSinclairn Well, yeah there were no protestants around. duh. The point is that emperor is crowned (as if) by the will of God, (Since he tends to remain silent about these matters) as such only with approval of his apointee on earth - that being Pope. Since Anglican church doesn't have a pope but king the rule is somewhat broken. So I agree with Thomas here.
@@MrSinclairn The Roman Empress Irene, her heirs and successors were Orthodox Christians, as were several nearby states in Europe such as the Bulgar Kingdom. And Orthodoxy views Roman Catholicism as a slightly heretical breakaway from the true Church by one of the five Patrichates.
As the legitimate descendants of Charlemagne (and his senior heirs) were determined by 1st Salic Law and then Semi-Salic Law, I think it makes sense to keep with that tradition in determining who his senior heir is today. Your video has convinced me that the only correct answer in King Felipe VI of Spain, who is the candidate determined to be most senior following the Semi-Salic Law.
Christianity spread by sword: Charlemagne conducted his first campaign against Saxons in 772 AD .His forces advanced rapidly to the castle of Eresburg and destroyed the major Saxon shrine called the " Irminsul " The Royal Frankish Annals for 772 triumphantly claimed that huge amounts of treasure , consisting of gold and silver had fallen into Charlemagne's hands , plunder that may have been pagan sacrificial offerings ; this booty also seemed to fire the enthusiasm of the king's retinue for waging war . BOOK : CHARLEMAGNE . Author : Johannes Fried . Translated by Peter Lewis . Edition 2016 page - 99 .
just to say that Charlemagne is, for France, only one of the many Frankish kings. there were some before him, there were some after him. he did not create the Frankish kingdom, he is its heir and he is (perhaps) ALSO the father of Germany. Charlemagne is above all a Frankish king, a descendant of the Frankish kings who are French. Germany is a French Colony, just like England.
@@shivas3003 the Franken/Franks were a Germanic tribe from the region of Germany/Netherlands and if anything then France is a colony just like England (Angeln + Saxon tribe). And lets not forget that Karl der Grosse (Charlemagne is a wrong name, later localized, but no one of his environment named him like that) lies also in Aachen/Germany which was the capital.
I would argue in favour of the Namur line. Charlemagne himself followed the strict salic law and it is only logical (from this point of view) to follow the male-only line to the last legitimate agnatic member of the dynasty and then follow the line of his nearest female relative. After all, it's only after the last agnatic line dies out that a dynasty seizes to exist. That's how a dynasty is defined. (Historical dynasties anyway. I'm not talking about the House of Garsenda). It shouldn't be the most senior female line of the most senior agnate, but the most senior female line of the last agnate, the final agnatic heir (again, only if we follow the agnatic logic).
I agree. It _feels_ like the way history would've gone if "bigger army diplomacy" wasn't a thing. Almost all houses followed salic law until that meant the extinction of the dynasty - and only THEN did they switch to semi-salic, but then stuck to it after. I am a bit confused, however, how the video arrived at Georg Friedrich as the most senior heir of Wilhelm II. (last emperor of germany) in that line of thought... See: Wilhelm II. eldest son was also named Wilhelm (often called "the crown prince") - this son had four sons and two daughters. The eldest son (also Wilhelm) had two daughters, but the second son (Louis Ferdinand) had a son called Friedrich Wilhelm, who in turn had a son Phillip Kiril. This is the most senior living heir of Charlemagne according to the Namur line. [The common (mis)conception that Georg Friedrich is the most senior heir of Wilhelm II. is founded upon him being the head of the house and his uncle being excluded from inheritance by Wilhelm II. himself by "house law" because he married "below station". But that's all _von Preußen_ house humbug. If you follow semi salic law all the way, why stop at the dusk of the german empire? If you see it through, _Phillip Kiril von Preußen_ is the most senior heir of Charlemagne today.]
One thing that I find interesting in both those videos is we go all over Europe touching almost all dynasties but somehow we never really touch any of the french ones (at least after Hugh Capet) Since the french monarchy specifically claimed that their right to power was to descend from Charlemagne via West Francia, I find that pretty ironic I wonder if there is an historical reason for that (like were they more isolated than other dynasties in their choice of spouse) or is it just a coincidence
Capet descends from charlemagne albeit through a female line. The early kings of west francia was technically elected until after 200 years after hugh capet, when the capet dynasty established a firm grip on the throne, and it transformed into a father - son succession
As the comment above me says, Hugh Capet and his successors descend from Charlemagne through the illegitimate line, but according to semi-salic law can not claim to be his most senior heirs. Also, the West Frankish line had only one legitimate continuation in the counts of Namur. To claim its title as most senior line, the French kings would've had to marry a female descendant with no male line relatives, which is a quite rare circumstance.
Christianity spread by sword: Charlemagne conducted his first campaign against Saxons in 772 AD .His forces advanced rapidly to the castle of Eresburg and destroyed the major Saxon shrine called the " Irminsul " The Royal Frankish Annals for 772 triumphantly claimed that huge amounts of treasure , consisting of gold and silver had fallen into Charlemagne's hands , plunder that may have been pagan sacrificial offerings ; this booty also seemed to fire the enthusiasm of the king's retinue for waging war . BOOK : CHARLEMAGNE . Author : Johannes Fried . Translated by Peter Lewis . Edition 2016 page - 99 .
@@connaeris8230funnily enough a Capet ends up being the most senior heir, that being Felipe vi. With this being said doesn’t his cousin Alphonse duke Anjou still have a better claim. His grandad renounce the Spanish title not the French one or any other. In theory Alfonso, his sons and his daughters future male line are barely above the Spanish royals.
I really tried to research the most senior descendant including illegitimate lines, but I hit a dead end at the Vermandois counts. The records I found online just started going in a circle. I forget who, but the records seem to think he was his own grandfather, and he kept having his father as a son, with two different mothers, sometimes. It was trippy.
Felipe of Spain has the legal right to claim the Roman Empire, is the second most senior member of the House of Capet (his cousin is technically first but they renounced the claim to the Throne of Spain), is the most senior heir of Charlemagne by Semi-Sallic Law, and is the political heir of Charles I & V King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, arguably the most powerful person in Europe since Charlemagne at his time. Felipe has my support.
I wanna find out more about this DJ guy, I kinda wanna knock on his door and give him the news that he has a claim to be the rightful ruler of all of Europe.
6:47 «His eldest surviving son renounced his rights.» I am pretty sure he renounced only to his claim to the Spanish royal throne, not to an imperial throne he may not even know he could have a claim to. That makes Louis de Bourbon aka Louis XX the semi-salic heir.
Before watching your video, I tried to figure out by myself using my European royal family tree - west I have, and I got to Felipe VI (though I probably made a ton of mistakes on the way), and I was sort of bummed out when you said the actual answer is Elizabeth II, so it's nice to see I might be technically right even though I used the wrong methods and made a ton of mistakes.
You said we can't use absolute primogeniture because of the lack of sources, but what if we used male-preference primogeniture until the point sources become available and the change to primogeniture?
I suppose the other option would be look for the next most senior agnatic descendant of a male-line ancestor of Charlemagne once Louis of Lower Lorraine died in 1023. As far as I can tell, there were no legitimate male-line descendants of Charlemagne's father Pepin or of his grandfather Charles Martel alive at that time (there'd been a fairly efficient job done of bumping them off or committing them to monasteries and bishoprics), but there may have been some through Charles Martel's younger brother Hildebrand. But that's really getting into trawling through French nobility.
7:15 - and given your argument for that person also having the strongest claim to Roman Emperor via the will of last Byz Emperor, that seems highly poetic to me.
The Spanish renounced his rights to the Spanish kingdom not for the Carolingian dinasty headship, só according to semi-salic, it seems the rightful heir would be Louis XX, Duke of Anjou.
Louis XX doesnt exist, stopped at Louis XVIIIth. The only way for Louis XX to exist would be to acknowledge that the past 150 years of French History without the monarchy did not exist They could deny it for the 1st revolution as it lasted a few decades only, they cant now
It's fascinating how current monarchies and duchies (UK, Spain, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg) all turned out to be descendant in some way or another of Charlemagne. Truly showcases how that state filled the gap formed by the decline of Rome. In some ways, current European bureaucracy is somewhat similar to the HRE. Same way you have several tiers of integration, electors, federal posts etc. I wonder when it would start to centralize. I think it needs another 100 or 200 years to digest East Europeans before consolidating further.
@@roboparks the Swiss had the plebiscite on joining the EU. They rejected the confederacy as far as I know. They prefer to stay on the sidelines being supposedly 'easy to invest in' and 'neutral'. However, their neutrality is on decline - their taxes are no longer beneficial, some European states offer even more generous places to invest in, so they support the Western position more and more actively.
@@liliya_aseeva Schwab might live in Switzerland but he is from and born in Germany. His dad ran a company during WW2 for the 3rd Reich .The Swiss have never been on the sidelines . That's a ahistorical fantasy . We know they were supping the Nazis in $$$$$$ indevenors. Ya the Habsburgs were so Neutral ? He probably related to them . He looks inbred LOL
I’d say King Felipe VI has the best claim considering he already sits on a throne & you’re using Semi-Salic law the whole way which is more consistent; I also think Duke Franz of Bavaria could be good as well but Felipe VI is better because he already is a monarch in 2022
Hope you repost your video for today: NATO Command Structure 2022. I was so excited to watch it. Something must have gone wrong. I am a very visual person and get so much out of charts. Thank you for all you do.
@@marcellkiss-redey8451 Not impossible, but could be based on the most *documented* connections having the strongest claim. In the same sense that around 10% of Americans are calculated to be descended from Mayflower passengers, but a minuscule fraction of this are members of a Mayflower hereditary society.
*Actually, the line of Charles X didn't go extinct. His male-line grandson, Henri, Count of Chambord was the last legitimist pretender to the French throne from the French House of Bourbon. However, his sister, Louise Marie had married the Duke of Parma. Their son, Robert was the last Duke of Parma and the heir of Henri through both semi-salic law and male-preference primogeniture. He was followed as Head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and as titular Duke of Parma by three of his sons, Henry, Joseph and Elias. The first two died childless, but when the third brother, Elias died, the headship passed to another brother, but he did have a female-line grandson, Carlos. He was from another Bourbon cadet branch, the House of Bourbon-Two-Sicilies, and as such Infante of Spain and Duke of Calabria. His son Pedro is the current Duke of Calabria and claimant to the Headship of the House o Bourbon-Two-Sicilies. (See Matt's video about **_Who Would Be King of Italy Today?_** for further details.)*
How about: "Who would be the King of Naples today?" There are so many potential answers. You can go with the heirs to the Bourbon-Two Sicilies line, the House of Savoy as Kings of Italy, the main bourbon line can be claim the throne, the Habsburgs, there is an old Anjou line somewhere too. The line of Anne de Montfort-Laval, there are so many interesting options!
Technically, the only heirs of the Kingdom of Naples would be the House of Murat, as it was only in Napoleonic times that a "Kingdom of Naples" legally existed. Yes, there were plenty of kings who were informally known as Kings of Naples, but legally their title was "King of Sicily", even if they didn't own a square inch of the island, and that island being ruled (usually) by completely other "Kings of Sicily". Thank the Sicilian Vespers for that mess...
So according to you UsefulCharts... King Felipe VI of Spain is a potential claimant of both the throne of the Roman Empire AND the throne of the Holy Roman Empire! Wow
3:27 Alfonso X had several sons. The first son named Ferdinand de la Cerda died before his father. So, he never become a king. But he did have some sons of his own. The second sons named Sancho usurped the right of his nephews to the throne. He became King Sancho IV. So, if you really want to stick with the senior line. You have to trace the Ferdinand de la Cerda line. I read that this line today become the Dukes of Medinaceli
My husband had no idea I had ordered one of the posters :D He was very pleasantly surprised ^-^ Now if only we had more walls. Once we have a bigger place we are probably going to place it between our two coats of arms plaques.
Did the common people of the time actually keep track of any of this bouncing back and forth stuff or did they just sorta accept whichever head was on their coins? because I have google in the modern day and I can BARELY keep up with some of this.
If you just follow one royal line it is mostly quiet simple (father to son) if not you mostly ended up with some kind of war over the succession and most people didn’t live long enough to witness more than one or two changes. But I would guess that the normal folks didn’t care that much or were more occupied with the local representative of the king and the local nobility who could be a major pain for the peasants.
Just following this through to Elizabeth II was bad enough...as one of my teachers in high school liked to say, "Now it's time to play Confuse the Class!"
12:17 Adelaïde Coutess of Vermandois is my most recent common ancestor with KANIF THE JHATMASTER, which is consequently my 34th cousin lol I assume that bc of semi-salic male preference primogeniture (+ illegitimate) she is his ancestor through her eldest son (whereas I am her descendant through one of her daughters).
I think it makes sense to follow the heirs of the French branch of the Carolingian house as they were the male only line branch that survived the longest. When Louis V died he had an uncle: Charles duke of lower Lorraine. Charles would have been succeeded by his son Otto who would have been succeeded by his brother Louis. Louis was the last known legitimate member of the Carolingian house. From this point onwards I will use male only line primogeniture unless their is no males left when I will go to the most senior female. I like male preference primogeniture the best because it is historical but not too misogynistic. I am using male only because that is what the Carolingians used. At this point I will have to go through Louis’s sister: Ermengarde. She married the count of Namur so her descendants where from the house of Namur. The last known member of the house of Namur was Charles Count of Luxembourg. It would then have went to his daughter Ermenside countess of Luxembourg. Her descendants were the Counts and Dukes of Luxembourg. Interestingly the house if Luxembourg had four holy Roman emperors. The main and senior male only line branch of the family died out with the death of emperor Sigismund’s first cousin once removed: George. There was a junior branch of the family though which hadn’t died out yet. I call this branch the Ligny branch because many of its members were counts of Ligny. It would die out with the death of Hendrik van Ligny in 1616. His daughter Margarita would have inherited. The male line died out again which the death of her son Henry. So the line would have went to her daughter Magdalena whose descendants were members of the house of Montmorency. If I did my research correctly the male line ended with the death of Anne Francois. His heir was his daughter Charlotte de Montmorency. Her descendants took the name of her family. The male line died out again with the death of her grandson in 1862. His heir would have been his sister’s son Goutran Duc de Bauffremont Courtenay. Goutran’s descendants were the dukes of Bauffremont and princes of Marnay. Goutran’s great great grandson and is Charles Emmanuel Duc de Bauffremont. Charles Emmanuel would be Charles VII as heir to Charlemagne. I believe that he is a potential heir to Charlemagne. Here is a list of the heirs to Charlemagne after the death of Louis V of France following this potential succession: Charles IV Otto Louis VI Ermengarde I Robert I Albert I Albert II Albert III Godfrey I Henry I Ermenside I Henry II Henry III Henry IV John I Charles V Wenceslaus I Sigismund I George I John II Thibaud I Jacques I John III Francis I John IV Francis II Henry V Margaret Henry VI Magdalene I Charles VI Anne I Francis Charlotte I Anne II Charles Francis Anne III Louis Goutran I Pierre I Pierre II Jacques II Charles VII Emmanuel
Fascinating! (and it explains what I didn't get in the previous video) However, it comes to my mind that we could suggest another candidate: the title passed from Alfonso XIII of Spain to his son Juan, the grandfather of Felipe VI. But Juan was a younger son! The most senior heir is actually the grandson of the eldest son of Alfonso XIII, i.e. the Duke of Anjou Luis de Bourbon, who also happens to be the eldest of the Capetians as Louis XX. Or did I get it wrong? Anyway, I love your work
Who would be Charlemagne's most Senior Heir given an Agnatic Primogeniture succession? And who would be his most Senior Heir given an Agnatic Primogeniture succession that allowed illegitimate sons to inherit?
Well duuh my vote's on Elizabeth II. Not only is she senior by semi-salic law, but she is also legitimate and descendant of Charlemagne through many lines.
The duke of Gloucester could also work, or the most senior heir of bourbon, even though his line got skipped for Spain. And as the last kings of France with strong blood ties the orleans family could also work
@@zuri2002 Prince Richard is the most senior male line descendant of Prince Albert, which is the line that the original video followed, but deviated to Elizabeth assumine male-preference rather than semi-Salic.
@@piratesswoop725 Oh gotcha. But wait tho, in this video didn't he say that Semi-Salic allows female-line grandsons to inherit? So it should be Prince Charles, then?
@@zuri2002 I believe that if the daughter has children they can inherit as long as they aren’t minors. Charles was only four when his grandfather died. These days, a child king isn’t really a big deal but back in the day, could lead to civil war. Prince Richard’s father was still living and was 52 and would’ve been a more ideal candidate than a four year old grandson.
My favourite modern Charlemagne descendant was of course sir Christopher Lee, but since the awful year of 2015 I'd say his daughter Christina From among the given options, given the Roman Emperor video, my loyalty would go to the King of Spain, especially because that line passes through my second favourite monarch, HRE Charles V and I of Spain.
I am addicted to your videos! I discovered them pretty recently but you got me. I love history and would love to trace my family tree (very hard to do so). But I must say that your atheist videos were perfect and I rarely see myself on videos about atheism and you nailed it. Congrats.
I'd be interested who it would be using absolute primogeniture. I know you said it wasn't possible due to incomplete records but we're working on assumptions anyway, can we just assume that the records we do have is complete and correct? And if it were, then who would it be?
Birth dates often weren't recorded, for minor nobles even into fairly recent eras it seems, so determining birth order becomes its own problem. I think that the most senior heir of Charlemagne via absolute primogeniture is either someone ordinary whose connection to Charlemagne is completely undocumented or someone whose family remained in the lower nobility, at least until recently. At least I don't think it's me since you'd need to have an unbroken line of people whose older siblings, if they existed, have no surviving descendants. I'm the oldest and so is my mother by I don't think her mother is, and her father definitely isn't. My father isn't the oldest either, although it's not impossible his older brothers could not have any grandchildren I guess.
You could also include the Bonapartes politically, since Napoleon ruled much of the lands Charlemagne once ruled, and more. Napoleon had seen himself as the New Charlemagne.
The difference is that the Holy Roman Empire had direct continuity from East Francia. Napoleon's empire was built on a republic which replaced a kingdom which had had several dynasty changes.
Luigis real.... ... or better Charlequagne, since that Corse dude destroyed all what he could have destroyed in Europa, including granitic Switzerland ! la quagne : fureur destructrice d' un individu hargneux qui ne supporte que lui- même. Charlemagne hated the French, Germans, English, Skandinavian, Slave, Spaniards and Portuguese, Semites, Africans, Creoles and with particular intensity yankee Mericans !
@@oldmountainhermit3347"Several dynasty change" We went from Carolingian to Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet. Twas differant Branches of the familly for sure but it was still the same Dynasty Napoleon replace a short lived republic which barely managed to replace the monarchy and still had alot of trouble justifying its legitimacy compared to a dynasty which ruled France for over 800 years. And ironically unlike the HRE who wanted to ALSO emulate the Roman Empire more than just the Frankish, Napoleon's Empire sought to emulate solely the Frankish not the Roman or at least not explicitely
My family line traces back to King Olav Tryggvason of Norway. I was terribly excited until I found out that his modern day descendants number in the tens of thousands!
Who do I think has the best claim? Well, I'd first cross out Khanif because we have no proof for the line and in medieval their never were illegitimate heirs. I think Karl of Habsburg is the successor but not the heir if you get what I mean. Franz of Bavaria does not have such a good claim in my opinion because the Male-Preference system just wasnt used back then. So we are left with Felipe, Elizabeth and Georg Friedrich and I think all of them make sense. In a historic scenarion where the line was continued to be claimed over centuries I think Elizabeth would be the heir. However if Modern Monarchs started to claim then I think Felipe has the best one because the Semi-Salic was never stopped. Georg Friedrich also makes a lot of sense because arguably the German Empire might also be the HRE true successor AND he has the family claim. Overall i choose Felipe.
I’d definitely go for Spain or uk. Think these are the most plausible for the was things were going at points in history. It’s quite amusing that these are also monarchs that rule over the most countries in the the world.
I would also consider the current claimants to the throne of Italy of the house of Savoy if we follow the Scottish Jacobite claims as they off loaded their claims to the British throne to the house of Savoy -prince Filiberto is the main representative of that house today and he was a contestant in Italy's version of "Dancing with the Stars."
7:27 The furthest we can go with absolute primogeniture is Boso of Aquitaine. If anyone is descended from him and/or knows some of his descendants, tell me in the replies section.
It’s crazy how history plays and how our life’s semi connect… Charlemagne is my 36th great grandfather… Queen Elizabeth is my 20-25th cousin… when you follow the tree you can see your story
can you make one of Spain. I meant since was many kindoms like Leon, Castilla, Navarra, Aragón etc... At least for me it is much more interesting than the others Btw the Bourbons are the luckiest dynasty, it is surprising how they arrived to the throne 😐
The fact that Habsburgs have became genetical monsters has to something to do with it, if you add the fact that France won the succession war it seems pretty logic
In Spain not tooo much luck, i mean they landed there because the Bourbon King of France was the strongest single king in Europe and was neighboring Spain on like 4 front at least In France oh hell yea when Henri III was assassinated as France had a strict Salic male only primogeniture line they had to go all the way to i think descendant of Saint Louis centuries prior to find the King of Navarra who was Henri IV of Bourbon, which pissed everyone off since he was protestant lol
Constantine XI didn't have any children, so his line ends right there. For who has the best claim today to the title of Roman Emperor, he already did a video on that.
I support the hohenzollen, mostly because after your last video i wikipedied my way into the same answer. Or mostly the same answer, i got until the Luxemburg House and then there were too many female in a row so i wast sure to apply salic law anymore.
It's actually me. J/K, it would impossible to find as different countries have different laws/customs about female primogeniture. This is a great a series.
I would go with the most likely heir according to the types of primogeniture people chose at different points of time in history, so that be His Majesty King Charles III following the very recent demise of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II .
In these type of videos I always remember that it was claimed actor Christopher Lee was a direct descendant of Charlemagne, I would love to see how he fits into this (if he fits into it at all)
There's a fault in this logic because the heirdom follows up to the Portuguese line until the Portuguese war of Succession then reverts back to the Spanish line. However, back in Portugal there was another legitimate son, João(John), Duke of Valencia Campos through Pedro (Peter) I's second wife Inês de Castro. This guy isn't featured in the chart as he isn't royal. This chart passes over people that have been past over in succession due to political schemes despite the assumption of Semi-Salic or Salic law. He held a very passive role during the 1383-1385 war, as a vassal/subordinate to the dual crown of Castile & Leon by machinations of King Juan I who wished Portugal for himself. The marriage between Pedro and Inês was conducted in secret in 1347 and officialised with the pope's consent in 1355, regardless of the protestations of Peter's father the king. The first marriage in 1347 was a legitimate union because the king was widowed and while related by blood, it was far enough to not warrant any papal dispensations (common with marrying close cousins). The families descended from John of Valencia Campos returned to Portugal as nobility, and became the Eça family (as they held the castle of Eça/Deza in Galizia). The line should continue a few generations from then on.
Click here to watch Part 1: ua-cam.com/video/kesoaodXli0/v-deo.html
Click here to buy poster: usefulcharts.com/products/limited-edition-carolingian-family-tree
I expected you to choose Luis Alfonso de Borbon. The senior Bourbon heir. King Felipe's second cousin. Not sure why you didn't?
I heard once that if you were to follow absolut(=not male preferance) primogeniture, Henry, Grand Duke of Luxembourg would be the rightfull King of GB. If so, would he in that case replace Elisabeth as heir of Charlemagne?
Hey, does your book also contain family trees in addition to civilization charts?
@@denislamesch8155 Absolute primogeniture _from where_? In that sort of thing, a lot depends on the starting point.
I calculated the absolute primogeniture line from William the Conqueror a few years ago, and ended up, with some assumptions, at Louis Boulard de Vaucelles (born 1932); I can't access my intermediate results right now, so I'm not sure how I got there (googling it right now I can't find anyone by that name with that birth year at all).
@@january1may Starting from William the conqueror. Apparantly, Hery is a descendent of Williams oldest child, a daughter.
I'm all for a random DJ in South Africa being the true heir to basically all of Europe. Sounds like an amazing movie script.
LOL!I am well versed in European continental royal dynasic genealogies but this has got to be a massive wind-up:DJ Kanif the Jhatmaster!plz!🤣😂🤣
Long live the Jhatmaster!
His real name is Sir Rufus Hugo Giles Sebright, 16th Baronet, so while he isn't on the same level as the rest of the names there, he isn't exactly a rando.
I have to agree with you @Mad Cat, this would make an awesome movie ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
Does he have an Insta page where we all can go and Let him know we support his claim to the Holy Roman Empire
Interastingly enough, as you shown in the chart, unless Duke Franz of Bavaria has any chidlren, shich is unlikely at his old age, the line fuses into the Liechtenstein family, eventually giving the Prince of Liechtenstein the right to claim succession to Charlemagne at some point in the future. It *could* potentially even work in a more cultural way rather than just family, since The House of Liechtenstein is the last remaining german speaking ruling dynasty, and I just find the idea of the "Empire of Liechtenstein, the truest successor to the Holy Roman Empire" absolutely amazing.
Imagine "tiny nation of Liechtenstein reclaims the holy roman empire"
Duke Franz is gay so NO HE ISN’T GONNA HAVE CHILDREN
I would love to see the royal family of Liechtenstein claim ownership of Bavaria after that
And the UK, as they also would be jacobite claimants
@@saetemusic Bavaria, then all of the HRE suddenly
Kanif, by the grace of god, Emperor of the Romans, King of Beats, The Jhatmaster, Arch DJ of all songs ever composed by human hands.
Apparently his real name is Rufus LOL
@@2xcrzkxk Which sounds pretty much a Roman name.
@@semregob3363 yes, given to red haired men
6:15 In fact, Charles X's line did not die out, but was passed down through his granddaughter Louise d'Artois, Duchess of Parma. If we continue this line, Charlemagne's most senior heir is today Pedro de Borbón-Dos Sicilias y Orléans, Head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
It's a bit amusing that all of the choices were royals, except the illegitimate one who was a DJ.
Bruh he's not just a DJ, he's the JhatMASTER. He's basically a royal by conquest with those credentials.
His real name is Sir Rufus Hugo Giles Sebright, 16th Baronet, which makes him fit in a little bit better.
@@joelsmith3473 Sir Rufus Hugo Giles Sebright, 16th Baronet and Master of Jhat
@@ingaman I feel like we need a lineage of the Masters of Jhat... Like, who trained whom in the ways of Jhat.
@@foxyfoxington2651 First I'd like to know what Jhat is
The true heir of Charlemagne is whoever is willing to claim the title and fight off anyone who disagrees.
facts
Hitler then?
@@noahtutt497 he lost tho
@@LiminalQueenMedia well success wasn’t in OPs criteria
@@noahtutt497 Yeah but you only get the title if you survive to wield it and don't go out like a punk in a bunker
I'm gonna go on a super Whims of History line and say the most Senior Heir is none other than Matt Baker. Owing to his research in, and charting of, all this information.
One of these days when he switches from one chart to another it'll just randomly lead to the House of Baker and nobody will question it.
Seriously… I was thinking the same thing. He should at least get the Honorary title.
"Well Matt, we can't be bothered to figure it out. Rather than trying to follow your charts, how about we just put you in charge and call it a day?"
just to say that Charlemagne is, for France, only one of the many Frankish kings. there were some before him, there were some after him. he did not create the Frankish kingdom, he is its heir and he is (perhaps) ALSO the father of Germany. Charlemagne is above all a Frankish king, a descendant of the Frankish kings who are French. Germany is a French Colony, just like England.
🤣🤣🤣🤣 A Jew with a claim to be Roman Emperor!! Poetic Justice after 2000 years!
What if the most senior heir of Charlemagne is the friends we made along the way?
What the Hell are you trying to say?
@@waynemarvin5661 don't overthink it sweetheart.
With the amount of succession wars in history of European monarchies, more like, enemies we made along the way...
@@waynemarvin5661 What if the real (Insert Thing Here) was the friends we made along the way is a common meme. It's a joke.
JESUS CHRIST? Heir to the Throne of David, who was the heir to GOD’s Throne, aka JESUS CHRIST Heir to GOD’s Throne!
In a previous video, you showed how Felipe VI of Spain could possibly claim the title of Emperor of Rome. Mix into that this claim as Successor of Charlemagne, and I would whole heartedly support the Line of Charlamagne at last achieving their dynastic dream... ...to be the next Roman Empire.
tl;dr Felipe VI of Spain has my vote, as it seems the most dramatic and most epic course of history imao.
Casually becoming the HRE and the RE in a Catholic country, doesn't that make him 2HRE
@@Mah0urse Well the later RE was officially Christian so I was going with that. Perhaps it makes him HRE²? 😆
@@Mah0urse 2H2RE?
I like that solution too.
But current head of Habsburg dynasty also has both claims to be roman emperor , emperor of HRE and heir of Karl der Große, so emperors of three empires.
A cool idea for a chart is "Which ruling monarchs are in line to the throne of another country?". Example, the Dutch king had his succession to the British throne restored with the Succession to the Crown Act of 2013.
"the Dutch king had his succession to the British throne restored with the Succession to the Crown Act of 2013."
Glorious Revolution 2.0 Electric Boogaloo here we go!
*1690s vibes*
No Glorious Revolution required. If Brexit continues to tank the British economy, The Netherlands will simply buy it! 😀
I traced my family from a small fishing village in Tangier, Nova Scotia, Canada all the way back to Alfred the Great. Took me forever but the trees are endless. However does this for a living has to be patient and extremely patient.
As a fellow Nova Scotian who'd like to research family history, how did you go about this?
@@felixcroc I use a site called family search. It is free to use. Just create a profile and create your own branch for you and your parents and connections should come. Good luck
Since the questions of law and history make things complicated, I think it would be interesting to know who is just the most senior verifiable descendant period. Basically absolute primogeniture with illegitimate allowed as long as it can be verified. Probably wouldn't be the right answer because like you said records for female lines are hard, but still the closest verifiable answer would be interesting.
Tried to find an early senior daughter and tried tracking the line to 20th century. Very likely went wrong way at some point but found some more or lesser known Belgian and Dutch nobles. So basically very near Luxembourg.
Idk about illegitimate heirs, but I'm a male line legitimate descendant of the Bourbon kings of France, so I might be one of the potential answers
I enjoy the fact history went with the harder option for actual heir tracing to really double (more like decuple) down on sexism.
When a kid is born you can't really tell who the father is, but you can just look at where the little one came from to see the mother.
Not in a: "Great times" sense of enjoyment, it just makes me laugh.
@@DomenBremecXCVI Well, in most of history I'm sure they were aware that you can always [almost] be sure of the mother but not the father, but if they wanted to apply that principle each king in turn would have to be succeeded only by a sister's son, who could be assured of being the heir of his grandfather. But that would mean every royal generation had to produce at least one son to rule and one daughter to produce the next heir, and each king would have to be content with being succeeded by a nephew, not a son.
Some systems IIRC have tried this. But on the whole it sounds like an even more complicated jobs program for the heralds and genealogists and a recipe for even more war among princes.
I tried doing this, a big problem is that even when descendants were recorded (which usually happened, though some families lost so much prestige even that disappeared) birth dates were not recorded, and since being firstborn daughter usually meant nothing if you had a brother, it was very hard for me to determine which child was actually first. I tried doing things like this for a few French kings, and I got a few random minor Italian nobles. Interestingly, if you do male-preference primogeniture rather than Salic law for the French kings, you eventually get the same line, since one of the daughters married into the line of the monarchy of Navarre, which did use male-preference primogeniture. And since Henry IV merged the thrones together, you eventually get the kings of France. For some French kings doing absolute primogeniture also gets you to Henry IV, where the line remains the same until Louis XVI since he had an older sister.
I think that Felipe is the more senior heir due to semi/Salic law, and something you looked over in the first video. Charlemagne was Catholic, Queen Elizabeth is Protestant, and Felipe is Catholic. Charlemagne was the Catholic Warrior King after all
Interesting observation,but apart from a few heretical sects sprinkled across continental Europe,during Charlemagne's time,there was no distinctive theological split between Catholic and Protestant,as all notable dynastic European kings and princes,etc.,recognise the Pope as the temporal head of the united Christian Church.
@@MrSinclairn Well, yeah there were no protestants around. duh. The point is that emperor is crowned (as if) by the will of God, (Since he tends to remain silent about these matters) as such only with approval of his apointee on earth - that being Pope. Since Anglican church doesn't have a pope but king the rule is somewhat broken. So I agree with Thomas here.
@@MrSinclairn The Roman Empress Irene, her heirs and successors were Orthodox Christians, as were several nearby states in Europe such as the Bulgar Kingdom. And Orthodoxy views Roman Catholicism as a slightly heretical breakaway from the true Church by one of the five Patrichates.
i pledge my allegiance to dj kanif the jhatmaster and his sick beats 🙇♂️
Bruh
Alll Hail DJ Emperor Kanif I the jhatmaster
he should unironically use "The Emperor" as his stage name
same in fact I herby appoint him as new PM of Italy
That's the man for the job. He understands the people, as he has lived among them.
The South African DJ reveal is the best plot twist of anything ever.
As the legitimate descendants of Charlemagne (and his senior heirs) were determined by 1st Salic Law and then Semi-Salic Law, I think it makes sense to keep with that tradition in determining who his senior heir is today. Your video has convinced me that the only correct answer in King Felipe VI of Spain, who is the candidate determined to be most senior following the Semi-Salic Law.
Christianity spread by sword:
Charlemagne conducted his first campaign against Saxons in 772 AD .His forces advanced rapidly to the castle of Eresburg and destroyed the major Saxon shrine called the " Irminsul " The Royal Frankish Annals for 772 triumphantly claimed that huge amounts of treasure , consisting of gold and silver had fallen into Charlemagne's hands , plunder that may have been pagan sacrificial offerings ; this booty also seemed to fire the enthusiasm of the king's retinue for waging war . BOOK : CHARLEMAGNE . Author : Johannes Fried . Translated by Peter Lewis . Edition 2016 page - 99 .
just to say that Charlemagne is, for France, only one of the many Frankish kings. there were some before him, there were some after him. he did not create the Frankish kingdom, he is its heir and he is (perhaps) ALSO the father of Germany. Charlemagne is above all a Frankish king, a descendant of the Frankish kings who are French. Germany is a French Colony, just like England.
@@shivas3003 the Franken/Franks were a Germanic tribe from the region of Germany/Netherlands and if anything then France is a colony just like England (Angeln + Saxon tribe). And lets not forget that Karl der Grosse (Charlemagne is a wrong name, later localized, but no one of his environment named him like that) lies also in Aachen/Germany which was the capital.
@@publicminx Charlemagne est le fils de pépin le Bref , Tous "frank" de gaule. Pas du tout germanic.
@@publicminx Charlemagne is part of french history , not german.
I would argue in favour of the Namur line. Charlemagne himself followed the strict salic law and it is only logical (from this point of view) to follow the male-only line to the last legitimate agnatic member of the dynasty and then follow the line of his nearest female relative. After all, it's only after the last agnatic line dies out that a dynasty seizes to exist. That's how a dynasty is defined. (Historical dynasties anyway. I'm not talking about the House of Garsenda). It shouldn't be the most senior female line of the most senior agnate, but the most senior female line of the last agnate, the final agnatic heir (again, only if we follow the agnatic logic).
Who would it be then?
@@mirnacudiczgela1963 Did you even watch the video?
my thought exactly... you have to start at the last legitimate male heir of Charlemagne
True, the most "authentic" method would be using strict Salic Law until the last legitimate male line descendant dies, then switching to semi Salic.
I agree. It _feels_ like the way history would've gone if "bigger army diplomacy" wasn't a thing. Almost all houses followed salic law until that meant the extinction of the dynasty - and only THEN did they switch to semi-salic, but then stuck to it after. I am a bit confused, however, how the video arrived at Georg Friedrich as the most senior heir of Wilhelm II. (last emperor of germany) in that line of thought... See:
Wilhelm II. eldest son was also named Wilhelm (often called "the crown prince") - this son had four sons and two daughters. The eldest son (also Wilhelm) had two daughters, but the second son (Louis Ferdinand) had a son called Friedrich Wilhelm, who in turn had a son Phillip Kiril. This is the most senior living heir of Charlemagne according to the Namur line.
[The common (mis)conception that Georg Friedrich is the most senior heir of Wilhelm II. is founded upon him being the head of the house and his uncle being excluded from inheritance by Wilhelm II. himself by "house law" because he married "below station". But that's all _von Preußen_ house humbug. If you follow semi salic law all the way, why stop at the dusk of the german empire? If you see it through, _Phillip Kiril von Preußen_ is the most senior heir of Charlemagne today.]
One thing that I find interesting in both those videos is we go all over Europe touching almost all dynasties but somehow we never really touch any of the french ones (at least after Hugh Capet)
Since the french monarchy specifically claimed that their right to power was to descend from Charlemagne via West Francia, I find that pretty ironic
I wonder if there is an historical reason for that (like were they more isolated than other dynasties in their choice of spouse) or is it just a coincidence
Capet descends from charlemagne albeit through a female line.
The early kings of west francia was technically elected until after 200 years after hugh capet, when the capet dynasty established a firm grip on the throne, and it transformed into a father - son succession
As the comment above me says, Hugh Capet and his successors descend from Charlemagne through the illegitimate line, but according to semi-salic law can not claim to be his most senior heirs.
Also, the West Frankish line had only one legitimate continuation in the counts of Namur. To claim its title as most senior line, the French kings would've had to marry a female descendant with no male line relatives, which is a quite rare circumstance.
Christianity spread by sword:
Charlemagne conducted his first campaign against Saxons in 772 AD .His forces advanced rapidly to the castle of Eresburg and destroyed the major Saxon shrine called the " Irminsul " The Royal Frankish Annals for 772 triumphantly claimed that huge amounts of treasure , consisting of gold and silver had fallen into Charlemagne's hands , plunder that may have been pagan sacrificial offerings ; this booty also seemed to fire the enthusiasm of the king's retinue for waging war . BOOK : CHARLEMAGNE . Author : Johannes Fried . Translated by Peter Lewis . Edition 2016 page - 99 .
It’s just a bunch of bull….
@@connaeris8230funnily enough a Capet ends up being the most senior heir, that being Felipe vi. With this being said doesn’t his cousin Alphonse duke Anjou still have a better claim. His grandad renounce the Spanish title not the French one or any other. In theory Alfonso, his sons and his daughters future male line are barely above the Spanish royals.
Shout out to DJ Kanif the Jhatmaster, the only true heir in my book
I really tried to research the most senior descendant including illegitimate lines, but I hit a dead end at the Vermandois counts. The records I found online just started going in a circle. I forget who, but the records seem to think he was his own grandfather, and he kept having his father as a son, with two different mothers, sometimes. It was trippy.
So this is where that song "I'm my own grandpa" comes from :P
lol, genealogy sites are full of junk like that
Not even the worst case of strange royal incest relations
One of them actually did have descendants but they seem to have lost their titles fairly quickly, so they faded from the record.
Felipe of Spain has the legal right to claim the Roman Empire, is the second most senior member of the House of Capet (his cousin is technically first but they renounced the claim to the Throne of Spain), is the most senior heir of Charlemagne by Semi-Sallic Law, and is the political heir of Charles I & V King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, arguably the most powerful person in Europe since Charlemagne at his time.
Felipe has my support.
Viva España, viva el rey, viva la orden y la ley.
He has no sons either. But way too early to speculate on the future family of the very young Princess of Asturías.
If we ignore myself being a republican, he also gets my support
@@makaveli8735 ¡Viva la Guardia Civil!
I wanna find out more about this DJ guy, I kinda wanna knock on his door and give him the news that he has a claim to be the rightful ruler of all of Europe.
6:47 «His eldest surviving son renounced his rights.»
I am pretty sure he renounced only to his claim to the Spanish royal throne, not to an imperial throne he may not even know he could have a claim to.
That makes Louis de Bourbon aka Louis XX the semi-salic heir.
Love these kinds on vids and your videos on alternate successions
Before watching your video, I tried to figure out by myself using my European royal family tree - west I have, and I got to Felipe VI (though I probably made a ton of mistakes on the way), and I was sort of bummed out when you said the actual answer is Elizabeth II, so it's nice to see I might be technically right even though I used the wrong methods and made a ton of mistakes.
Coming up with the right answer through wrong methodology, also known as the math test in school.
@@jamesbernadette6216 *coming with the wrong answer through wrong methodology
@@terrainrecords6038 That be more often the case, however the common truth isn't as memeable 😁
This video was what I was waiting for after part 1
You said we can't use absolute primogeniture because of the lack of sources, but what if we used male-preference primogeniture until the point sources become available and the change to primogeniture?
Oops we forgot to write down your name correctly, guess you don't exist now
I suppose the other option would be look for the next most senior agnatic descendant of a male-line ancestor of Charlemagne once Louis of Lower Lorraine died in 1023. As far as I can tell, there were no legitimate male-line descendants of Charlemagne's father Pepin or of his grandfather Charles Martel alive at that time (there'd been a fairly efficient job done of bumping them off or committing them to monasteries and bishoprics), but there may have been some through Charles Martel's younger brother Hildebrand. But that's really getting into trawling through French nobility.
7:15 - and given your argument for that person also having the strongest claim to Roman Emperor via the will of last Byz Emperor, that seems highly poetic to me.
The Spanish renounced his rights to the Spanish kingdom not for the Carolingian dinasty headship, só according to semi-salic, it seems the rightful heir would be Louis XX, Duke of Anjou.
Louis XX doesnt exist, stopped at Louis XVIIIth.
The only way for Louis XX to exist would be to acknowledge that the past 150 years of French History without the monarchy did not exist
They could deny it for the 1st revolution as it lasted a few decades only, they cant now
Thank you for recognizing Charles Simple. I had been rooting for that for a while.
I also spent hours tracing it myself
It's fascinating how current monarchies and duchies (UK, Spain, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg) all turned out to be descendant in some way or another of Charlemagne. Truly showcases how that state filled the gap formed by the decline of Rome.
In some ways, current European bureaucracy is somewhat similar to the HRE. Same way you have several tiers of integration, electors, federal posts etc. I wonder when it would start to centralize. I think it needs another 100 or 200 years to digest East Europeans before consolidating further.
Klaus Schwab Im sure has claim on it also , LOL
@@roboparks the Swiss had the plebiscite on joining the EU. They rejected the confederacy as far as I know. They prefer to stay on the sidelines being supposedly 'easy to invest in' and 'neutral'. However, their neutrality is on decline - their taxes are no longer beneficial, some European states offer even more generous places to invest in, so they support the Western position more and more actively.
@@liliya_aseeva Schwab might live in Switzerland but he is from and born in Germany. His dad ran a company during WW2 for the 3rd Reich .The Swiss have never been on the sidelines . That's a ahistorical fantasy . We know they were supping the Nazis in $$$$$$ indevenors. Ya the Habsburgs were so Neutral ? He probably related to them . He looks inbred LOL
Thank you for this follow up video.
I’d say King Felipe VI has the best claim considering he already sits on a throne & you’re using Semi-Salic law the whole way which is more consistent; I also think Duke Franz of Bavaria could be good as well but Felipe VI is better because he already is a monarch in 2022
Hope you repost your video for today: NATO Command Structure 2022. I was so excited to watch it. Something must have gone wrong. I am a very visual person and get so much out of charts. Thank you for all you do.
What about someone who could connects back the charlemagne to most
IE: who has the most ancestors that connect back to him if thats even possible?
last time people tried to do something like that we ended up with Carlos II of Spain.
That would essentially require us to trace all male and female descendants of Charlemagne. It's probably impossible.
Maybe a DNA test?
@@marcellkiss-redey8451 Not impossible, but could be based on the most *documented* connections having the strongest claim. In the same sense that around 10% of Americans are calculated to be descended from Mayflower passengers, but a minuscule fraction of this are members of a Mayflower hereditary society.
*Actually, the line of Charles X didn't go extinct. His male-line grandson, Henri, Count of Chambord was the last legitimist pretender to the French throne from the French House of Bourbon. However, his sister, Louise Marie had married the Duke of Parma. Their son, Robert was the last Duke of Parma and the heir of Henri through both semi-salic law and male-preference primogeniture. He was followed as Head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and as titular Duke of Parma by three of his sons, Henry, Joseph and Elias. The first two died childless, but when the third brother, Elias died, the headship passed to another brother, but he did have a female-line grandson, Carlos. He was from another Bourbon cadet branch, the House of Bourbon-Two-Sicilies, and as such Infante of Spain and Duke of Calabria. His son Pedro is the current Duke of Calabria and claimant to the Headship of the House o Bourbon-Two-Sicilies. (See Matt's video about **_Who Would Be King of Italy Today?_** for further details.)*
How about: "Who would be the King of Naples today?" There are so many potential answers. You can go with the heirs to the Bourbon-Two Sicilies line, the House of Savoy as Kings of Italy, the main bourbon line can be claim the throne, the Habsburgs, there is an old Anjou line somewhere too. The line of Anne de Montfort-Laval, there are so many interesting options!
Technically, the only heirs of the Kingdom of Naples would be the House of Murat, as it was only in Napoleonic times that a "Kingdom of Naples" legally existed. Yes, there were plenty of kings who were informally known as Kings of Naples, but legally their title was "King of Sicily", even if they didn't own a square inch of the island, and that island being ruled (usually) by completely other "Kings of Sicily". Thank the Sicilian Vespers for that mess...
@@thomasrinschler6783 True
So according to you UsefulCharts... King Felipe VI of Spain is a potential claimant of both the throne of the Roman Empire AND the throne of the Holy Roman Empire! Wow
I can see why semi-Salic law died out. It's way too complicated!
3:27 Alfonso X had several sons.
The first son named Ferdinand de la Cerda died before his father. So, he never become a king. But he did have some sons of his own.
The second sons named Sancho usurped the right of his nephews to the throne. He became King Sancho IV.
So, if you really want to stick with the senior line. You have to trace the Ferdinand de la Cerda line. I read that this line today become the Dukes of Medinaceli
My husband had no idea I had ordered one of the posters :D He was very pleasantly surprised ^-^ Now if only we had more walls. Once we have a bigger place we are probably going to place it between our two coats of arms plaques.
So of the six choices here, five are royals and one is a Dj in South Africa.🤣🤣🤣 That's some fine research you do there Matt. 👍
Did the common people of the time actually keep track of any of this bouncing back and forth stuff or did they just sorta accept whichever head was on their coins? because I have google in the modern day and I can BARELY keep up with some of this.
If you just follow one royal line it is mostly quiet simple (father to son) if not you mostly ended up with some kind of war over the succession and most people didn’t live long enough to witness more than one or two changes. But I would guess that the normal folks didn’t care that much or were more occupied with the local representative of the king and the local nobility who could be a major pain for the peasants.
Just following this through to Elizabeth II was bad enough...as one of my teachers in high school liked to say, "Now it's time to play Confuse the Class!"
when you’re a potential most senior descendant of Charlemagne as a Holy Roman Emperor and also the heir of the Roman Empire
2:36 Reginald's younger brother William: Am I joke to you?
Intresting video! Thank you!
12:17 Adelaïde Coutess of Vermandois is my most recent common ancestor with KANIF THE JHATMASTER, which is consequently my 34th cousin lol I assume that bc of semi-salic male preference primogeniture (+ illegitimate) she is his ancestor through her eldest son (whereas I am her descendant through one of her daughters).
Id go for louis alphonse of bourbon the duke of anjou instead of felipe.
The most senior descendant of charlemagne based on semi salic
I think it makes sense to follow the heirs of the French branch of the Carolingian house as they were the male only line branch that survived the longest. When Louis V died he had an uncle: Charles duke of lower Lorraine. Charles would have been succeeded by his son Otto who would have been succeeded by his brother Louis. Louis was the last known legitimate member of the Carolingian house. From this point onwards I will use male only line primogeniture unless their is no males left when I will go to the most senior female. I like male preference primogeniture the best because it is historical but not too misogynistic. I am using male only because that is what the Carolingians used.
At this point I will have to go through Louis’s sister: Ermengarde. She married the count of Namur so her descendants where from the house of Namur. The last known member of the house of Namur was Charles Count of Luxembourg. It would then have went to his daughter Ermenside countess of Luxembourg. Her descendants were the Counts and Dukes of Luxembourg. Interestingly the house if Luxembourg had four holy Roman emperors. The main and senior male only line branch of the family died out with the death of emperor Sigismund’s first cousin once removed: George. There was a junior branch of the family though which hadn’t died out yet. I call this branch the Ligny branch because many of its members were counts of Ligny. It would die out with the death of Hendrik van Ligny in 1616. His daughter Margarita would have inherited. The male line died out again which the death of her son Henry. So the line would have went to her daughter Magdalena whose descendants were members of the house of Montmorency. If I did my research correctly the male line ended with the death of Anne Francois. His heir was his daughter Charlotte de Montmorency. Her descendants took the name of her family. The male line died out again with the death of her grandson in 1862. His heir would have been his sister’s son Goutran Duc de Bauffremont Courtenay. Goutran’s descendants were the dukes of Bauffremont and princes of Marnay. Goutran’s great great grandson and is Charles Emmanuel Duc de Bauffremont. Charles Emmanuel would be Charles VII as heir to Charlemagne. I believe that he is a potential heir to Charlemagne.
Here is a list of the heirs to Charlemagne after the death of Louis V of France following this potential succession:
Charles IV
Otto
Louis VI
Ermengarde I
Robert I
Albert I
Albert II
Albert III
Godfrey I
Henry I
Ermenside I
Henry II
Henry III
Henry IV
John I
Charles V
Wenceslaus I
Sigismund I
George I
John II
Thibaud I
Jacques I
John III
Francis I
John IV
Francis II
Henry V
Margaret
Henry VI
Magdalene I
Charles VI
Anne I Francis
Charlotte I
Anne II Charles Francis
Anne III Louis
Goutran I
Pierre I
Pierre II
Jacques II
Charles VII Emmanuel
Who is George I exactly?
Fascinating! (and it explains what I didn't get in the previous video)
However, it comes to my mind that we could suggest another candidate: the title passed from Alfonso XIII of Spain to his son Juan, the grandfather of Felipe VI. But Juan was a younger son! The most senior heir is actually the grandson of the eldest son of Alfonso XIII, i.e. the Duke of Anjou Luis de Bourbon, who also happens to be the eldest of the Capetians as Louis XX. Or did I get it wrong? Anyway, I love your work
Who would be Charlemagne's most Senior Heir given an Agnatic Primogeniture succession? And who would be his most Senior Heir given an Agnatic Primogeniture succession that allowed illegitimate sons to inherit?
It has to be King Felipe, particularly in light of your video that says he is also the current Roman emperor.
Have you done a video going back as far as possible to find charlemanges oldest verifiable ancestor?
eventhough the line of Flanders never claimed it, wouldn't it be interesting to see who of their line might have a claim?
Well duuh my vote's on Elizabeth II. Not only is she senior by semi-salic law, but she is also legitimate and descendant of Charlemagne through many lines.
The duke of Gloucester could also work, or the most senior heir of bourbon, even though his line got skipped for Spain. And as the last kings of France with strong blood ties the orleans family could also work
Wait, why the duke of Gloucester?
@@zuri2002 Prince Richard is the most senior male line descendant of Prince Albert, which is the line that the original video followed, but deviated to Elizabeth assumine male-preference rather than semi-Salic.
@@piratesswoop725 Oh gotcha. But wait tho, in this video didn't he say that Semi-Salic allows female-line grandsons to inherit? So it should be Prince Charles, then?
@@zuri2002 I believe that if the daughter has children they can inherit as long as they aren’t minors. Charles was only four when his grandfather died. These days, a child king isn’t really a big deal but back in the day, could lead to civil war. Prince Richard’s father was still living and was 52 and would’ve been a more ideal candidate than a four year old grandson.
I love this series.
So it's a King, a Duke, a Queen and a DJ... Sounds about right 👍
My favourite modern Charlemagne descendant was of course sir Christopher Lee, but since the awful year of 2015 I'd say his daughter Christina
From among the given options, given the Roman Emperor video, my loyalty would go to the King of Spain, especially because that line passes through my second favourite monarch, HRE Charles V and I of Spain.
Heir is one thing, descendant is another. In terms of that, 80% of all of European descent are descended from Charlemagne, myself included.
7:28 you could use traceable absolute primogeniture
Or a mixture of male preference primogeniture and absolute primogeniture
I am addicted to your videos! I discovered them pretty recently but you got me. I love history and would love to trace my family tree (very hard to do so). But I must say that your atheist videos were perfect and I rarely see myself on videos about atheism and you nailed it. Congrats.
This just makes me wonder about the Byzantine emperors.
I'd be interested who it would be using absolute primogeniture. I know you said it wasn't possible due to incomplete records but we're working on assumptions anyway, can we just assume that the records we do have is complete and correct? And if it were, then who would it be?
Birth dates often weren't recorded, for minor nobles even into fairly recent eras it seems, so determining birth order becomes its own problem.
I think that the most senior heir of Charlemagne via absolute primogeniture is either someone ordinary whose connection to Charlemagne is completely undocumented or someone whose family remained in the lower nobility, at least until recently. At least I don't think it's me since you'd need to have an unbroken line of people whose older siblings, if they existed, have no surviving descendants. I'm the oldest and so is my mother by I don't think her mother is, and her father definitely isn't. My father isn't the oldest either, although it's not impossible his older brothers could not have any grandchildren I guess.
8:13 if you buy the theory that Edward IV was born out of wedlock then you end up with Simon Abney Hastings
I love the South African DJ angle!
6:50 well, I presume this renunciation is not important in that case. So instead of Felipe VI you should end this line with Louis XX.
You could also include the Bonapartes politically, since Napoleon ruled much of the lands Charlemagne once ruled, and more. Napoleon had seen himself as the New Charlemagne.
The difference is that the Holy Roman Empire had direct continuity from East Francia.
Napoleon's empire was built on a republic which replaced a kingdom which had had several dynasty changes.
Luigis real....
... or better Charlequagne, since that Corse dude destroyed all what he could have destroyed in Europa, including granitic Switzerland !
la quagne : fureur destructrice d' un individu hargneux qui ne supporte que lui- même.
Charlemagne hated the French, Germans, English, Skandinavian, Slave, Spaniards and Portuguese, Semites, Africans, Creoles and with particular intensity yankee Mericans !
@@oldmountainhermit3347"Several dynasty change"
We went from Carolingian to Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet, Capet.
Twas differant Branches of the familly for sure but it was still the same Dynasty
Napoleon replace a short lived republic which barely managed to replace the monarchy and still had alot of trouble justifying its legitimacy compared to a dynasty which ruled France for over 800 years.
And ironically unlike the HRE who wanted to ALSO emulate the Roman Empire more than just the Frankish, Napoleon's Empire sought to emulate solely the Frankish not the Roman or at least not explicitely
11:16 goes until Prince George Friedrich
12:18 illegitimate
13:18 Karl Von Habsburg
13:23 all the potential candidates
Can you do 'who would be the most suitable heir for the Abbasid or Umayyad Caliphates?' I am quite curious about that person haha
My family line traces back to King Olav Tryggvason of Norway. I was terribly excited until I found out that his modern day descendants number in the tens of thousands!
I don't know about you guys, but I think it's about time we have our first DJ monarch.
Who do I think has the best claim?
Well, I'd first cross out Khanif because we have no proof for the line and in medieval their never were illegitimate heirs.
I think Karl of Habsburg is the successor but not the heir if you get what I mean. Franz of Bavaria does not have such a good claim in my opinion because the Male-Preference system just wasnt used back then. So we are left with Felipe, Elizabeth and Georg Friedrich and I think all of them make sense. In a historic scenarion where the line was continued to be claimed over centuries I think Elizabeth would be the heir. However if Modern Monarchs started to claim then I think Felipe has the best one because the Semi-Salic was never stopped. Georg Friedrich also makes a lot of sense because arguably the German Empire might also be the HRE true successor AND he has the family claim.
Overall i choose Felipe.
I’d definitely go for Spain or uk. Think these are the most plausible for the was things were going at points in history. It’s quite amusing that these are also monarchs that rule over the most countries in the the world.
I would also consider the current claimants to the throne of Italy of the house of Savoy if we follow the Scottish Jacobite claims as they off loaded their claims to the British throne to the house of Savoy -prince Filiberto is the main representative of that house today and he was a contestant in Italy's version of "Dancing with the Stars."
I'm proud of the nobles keeping their lines for generations.. most housed never lasted
7:27 The furthest we can go with absolute primogeniture is Boso of Aquitaine. If anyone is descended from him and/or knows some of his descendants, tell me in the replies section.
I knew Aragorn would be in there somewhere, long bereft of lordship!
Obviously the answer is the house of Jhatmaster.
All hail his Imperial Highness Kanif I
I’m a direct descendant of Charlemagne.
Me too! Shall we stage a coup?
Me three! Let's start a revolution!
yeah so am i, wanna fight for the throne?
Same. We ride at dawn!
I am a descendant of King Edward III. So, I am now going to depose Queen Elizabeth II and take over England! Who is with me?
It’s crazy how history plays and how our life’s semi connect… Charlemagne is my 36th great grandfather… Queen Elizabeth is my 20-25th cousin… when you follow the tree you can see your story
can you make one of Spain. I meant since was many kindoms like Leon, Castilla, Navarra, Aragón etc...
At least for me it is much more interesting than the others
Btw the Bourbons are the luckiest dynasty, it is surprising how they arrived to the throne 😐
The fact that Habsburgs have became genetical monsters has to something to do with it, if you add the fact that France won the succession war it seems pretty logic
In Spain not tooo much luck, i mean they landed there because the Bourbon King of France was the strongest single king in Europe and was neighboring Spain on like 4 front at least
In France oh hell yea when Henri III was assassinated as France had a strict Salic male only primogeniture line they had to go all the way to i think descendant of Saint Louis centuries prior to find the King of Navarra who was Henri IV of Bourbon, which pissed everyone off since he was protestant lol
My boi Jhatmaster rubbing shoulders with the greats!
Being an og Habsburg, swiss and Austrian, I'm biased, but all for the DJ in South Africa! I'm from all those royal houses, fun stuff 👑👸
Didn't expect a Habsburg to be on list still.😂
everything always just ends up with King Felipe of Spain as the current heir
Is it possible to do this experiment for Constantine XI Palaeologos? Now that would be fascinating.
Constantine XI didn't have any children, so his line ends right there. For who has the best claim today to the title of Roman Emperor, he already did a video on that.
I support the hohenzollen, mostly because after your last video i wikipedied my way into the same answer. Or mostly the same answer, i got until the Luxemburg House and then there were too many female in a row so i wast sure to apply salic law anymore.
at 10:00, you unfortunately again follow the younger Ermengard, but not her (most likely) elder sister Gerberga.
It's actually me. J/K, it would impossible to find as different countries have different laws/customs about female primogeniture. This is a great a series.
You mentioned a Hapsburg named Karl and now I'm required to look at pics of Kaiser Karl
In a related line of thinking, I've wonder if Emperor Frederick Barbarossa has any remaining descendants left; including bastards.
The guy who is now a DJ in South Africa is just hilarious 😂
Holy Roman Emperor, Ralph Kanif the first, the Jhatmaster, has a nice ring to it 😁.
I would go with the most likely heir according to the types of primogeniture people chose at different points of time in history, so that be His Majesty King Charles III following the very recent demise of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II .
In these type of videos I always remember that it was claimed actor Christopher Lee was a direct descendant of Charlemagne, I would love to see how he fits into this (if he fits into it at all)
There's a fault in this logic because the heirdom follows up to the Portuguese line until the Portuguese war of Succession then reverts back to the Spanish line. However, back in Portugal there was another legitimate son, João(John), Duke of Valencia Campos through Pedro (Peter) I's second wife Inês de Castro. This guy isn't featured in the chart as he isn't royal. This chart passes over people that have been past over in succession due to political schemes despite the assumption of Semi-Salic or Salic law. He held a very passive role during the 1383-1385 war, as a vassal/subordinate to the dual crown of Castile & Leon by machinations of King Juan I who wished Portugal for himself. The marriage between Pedro and Inês was conducted in secret in 1347 and officialised with the pope's consent in 1355, regardless of the protestations of Peter's father the king. The first marriage in 1347 was a legitimate union because the king was widowed and while related by blood, it was far enough to not warrant any papal dispensations (common with marrying close cousins). The families descended from John of Valencia Campos returned to Portugal as nobility, and became the Eça family (as they held the castle of Eça/Deza in Galizia). The line should continue a few generations from then on.
That also happens in the Spanish line with the sons of Alfonso X
And probably at other parts of the timeline, but I'm not familiar enough