I’m definitely sending my mechanical engineering students to this video when we get to the gears section of machine design. The animations really help illustrate the concept way better than I can draw on the whiteboard
Amazing!!! The way you visualized a profile shift at 2:45 on the two involutes based on center distance is phenomenal!! You should make a video expanding on the profile shift coefficient and it’s effects on sliding factor and undercut!
Thanks! It's a work-in-progress... imgur.com/a/ng18Bgj I actually didn't know about the 'sliding factor'. Or at least not with this name. Could you give me a source on that?
@@gergelybencsik8626 Contact ratio would be the correct name. Profile shifts affect working pressure angle which modifies the final contact ratio of gear pairs. Can’t wait for the next video!
Stunnningly demonstrated, explained and created. Something I had never thought about before, but makes perfect and sense when watching this video and the geometrical reasoning and constuction is truly beautiful.
I had to learn all this when I was in trade school learning to be a millwright. Just a note that older gears had a 14.5 degree pressure angle and don't mesh with modern gears.
Excellent explanation! I will have to watch this video again, to remember the terms. It does make perfect sense, and good to know, that it's theoretically possible to make straight cut gears run smooth, quiet, and efficiently. In auto racing, we call these "spur gears".
Thanks for the video. I've been learning how to draw gears in another video, but your animation really helps me visualize how the numbers work together.
I once worked as a shipping clerk at a machine shop that made precision gears that were used to check production gears. Although it was not strictly necessary for my job, I became fascinated with the geometry of gear teeth, otherwise known as involutometry. That was 40+ years ago, but I still find it interesting!
Glad to see the introduction of the rack principle which does away with complex maths for gear production. Not all gears are made with a rack cutter. In fact most are not.
That's really cool! What's the little jump in the upper gear's dedendum profile in the animation at 6:14? Is it supposed to be there? Or did you change the type of template used suddenly? BTW this is probably Wintergatan's bread and butter haha!
Good catch! It's a glitch in the way I do the rounding at the root. I actually use the same function as for the undercut, and at that point the curve disappears because the root radius is not deep enough to calculate it the same way. So the rounding is just a small adjustment of bezier ctrl points between the arc and involute.
finally a good vieo explaining everything major in gear geometry and respecting the viewer's intelligence. I need one for angled gears (axises of rotation not being paralle)
I'm planning to follow up with undercutting and profile shift. I can't promise angled gears, I need to research them first, and going 3D is a bit of a challenge
@@gergelybencsik8626 yeah its quite a task. keep doing what you like and are good at. I like this presentation style and plan on watching whatever you upload.
@@sirme1798 It probably is exactly this, but I want to see how it behaves with slightly misaligned axles and also how the geometry of helical gears applies to angled couplings (most car differentials)
Great Video!!! Recently I studied a lot of materials about gear to make proper 3d gear models. No one(including videos, books and web pages) is clear than this one. Thanks!
Excellent video presentation. I understand that for gears to mesh properly they have to have the same module, (M1, M2, M3, etc) and I think that is the modern version of the older imperial Diametral Pitch system. For those not familiar with it, could you do a presentation of Diametral Pitch. I know that basically it's the number of teeth per inch of circle circumference. Thanks for making the video and for taking the time to upload.
One thing that you didn’t point out, though it’s clear from your animation, is that the force applied to the gear at the point of contact is always perpendicular to the radius of the gear. This means that as the gears rotate they are always producing the maximum torque on each other and it is constant as they spin.
Very well done, thank you! A couple of points, though. Lose the music! It is not necessary. Secondly, you state that the gear teeth flanks slide on each other. In fact on spur gears they ROLL on each other. Certain other gears, such as worm gear and worm, and hypoid gears, see sliding motion and for that reason require a special lubricant. Good animation, and the formulae for the involute curve are the first time I have seen them.
Well, this sliding topic seems to be a recurring thing that I now must make into part 2 - if I ever finish it. Can you give me a source for your rolling claim? This is where I stand: there is rolling only at the middle part of the flank, at the pitch point, and the closer you get to the root or tip of the gear, there's more sliding. And since the rolling is only momentary, and not sustained over the contact surface, the motion must be categorized as 'sliding'.
@@gergelybencsik8626 In engineering school I definitely was taught of the tooth's rolling motion. When checking resources with google, it appears that the rolling motion is appended with "sliding" motion at the extremes of the tooth engagement. I suspect that much of this type of engagement depends on the accuracy of the tooth form.
I had the opportunity to speak with a gearing specialist who is recognized internationally. He confirmed with what I found and reported on 2 days ago: Rolling motion when teeth are in contact at the pitch circle, and sliding motion as the contact point moves away from the pitch circle. Glad to be able to update my dated knowledge!
Good question, I haven't found any data on that when researching gears. The dedendum is larger for clearance, I saw some sources that separate it into 3 parts: 1m addendum, 1m dedendum, ~0.2m clearance, and the clearance value seems to vary a lot. I chose to keep it simpler this way. Keeping it proportional to 'm' is a good idea, then all your gears will be similar shape, just different size. Why is it exactly 1m? I can't tell you, although all sources agree on it. It seems to me it's a value that works really well in practice. If you increase it, the tooth becomes kind of pointy and long and thin, which makes it mechanically weaker. If you decrease it, you reduce the contact ratio, meaning you risk that during rotation, at certain points none of the teeth engage because they're too short and stubby.
I am planning to follow up with undercutting and profile shift of involtue gears. After that, I might do one on cycloid gears. If you mean other types like bevel gears or worm gears... I would need to switch to 3D animation for them, and I kinda wanted to stay 2D
Very good video! One mistake - it said that the gears slide smoothly. The gears do not slide! All of the contact between the gears is ROLLING contact! That's the reason for using the involute shape!
0:52 wait it's looks like the graph thingy we used to find next root term something like that from Pythagoras theorem. I guess it's just a semi-permiter and kinda coincidental, unless it actually relates with it.
Could you do an explainer like this on how involute ring gears (internal teeth rather than external)? Unlike normal gears they're obviously not compatible with a rack between the teeth where they meet, and I haven't been able to find any adequate explanation of how the profiles are supposed to be generated.
I modeled inside rings in Manim, but I don't really know how they're made. I read somewhere that they're made with spur-gear shaped cutting tools, or they're just straight CNC'd. As far as math is concerned, the profile is exactly the same as normal spur gears, except inverted. By inverted I mean that a ring gear is just a circle with a spur-gear-shaped hole inside it. There is an animation on the github page for it: github.com/GarryBGoode/manim-GearBox Based on my experience animating it, it works the same way, maybe except for a few minor interference issues at the tooth tips of the inside ring, if you don't leave enough clearance. Also I can't tell how undercutting would affect an inside gear, but... you generally don't make small inside ring gears with 17 teeth or less.
@@gergelybencsik8626 Ok. That's what I've been doing for printed gears but in the model there seems to be some very slight interference I've been trying to figure out, and I wasn't sure the approach was sound to begin with. It's probably just some weird thing with the tips I need to figure out...
@@gergelybencsik8626 Internal gears are generally generated with a gear shaper or broach. They can't be done with a hob, as it is basically a rack wrapped around a cylinder and canted to the lead angle. CNC is also an option.
@@daliasprints9798 Make sure you have backlash being considered in your file. Also consider topping your teeth, trimming the tips, and/or crowning your teeth. Using a whole depth coefficient of 2.25 (deeper depth) rather than 2.157 (standard depth for DP, Mod pitch uses 2.25 almost exclusively). Stub tooth is also an option.
Excellent video that is not only fully correct but is clear and graphically impressive. I would like to copy the link for my students with your permission?
@@paulbriozzo4895 It's called Manim, a python based thing originally designed by 3blue1brown, but now there's an open source community around it. The sources are linked in the description by the way.
You have the best video explaining everything, but I'm struggling so hard with whatever formula that is at 1:00. I've tried inputting every combination I can think of in, but these nodes are either negative or no where near where I think it should be. I'm missing something very obvious; as always.
@@gergelybencsik8626 hát nagyon sajnálom, érdekes és jövedelmező projekt lehetett volna az xcblade működését ebben a formában megmutatni a világnak :) Köszönöm!
Well, thanks for the feedback. I did want to make it feel like a projector changing slides, so... success I guess? Is the whole bounding box bothering you, or just the transition?
Sorry I can't help you with that, but to my knowledge there are a number of gear generators either online, or built into CAD programs, perhaps as an addon. For example I know OnShape has a gear toolbox, so you can generate one there, and just download the part and import it to your CAD.
Fantastic video... But it is a complex topic so the underlying music is a bit strong for concentrating on a matter like this. Very subtle music, or voice only should be kinda better.
![Lp. Сердце Вселенной #60 РОЖДЕНИЕ ЛОЛОЛОШКИ [Финал] • Майнкрафт](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/YoR0pAV9FVQ/mqdefault.jpg)
I’m definitely sending my mechanical engineering students to this video when we get to the gears section of machine design. The animations really help illustrate the concept way better than I can draw on the whiteboard
This video(-series) is unique. I have not seen anything so clear and still in-depth ever!
This is one of the best graphical explanations of gears I've seen. I'd love to see more like it!
Amazing!!! The way you visualized a profile shift at 2:45 on the two involutes based on center distance is phenomenal!! You should make a video expanding on the profile shift coefficient and it’s effects on sliding factor and undercut!
Thanks! It's a work-in-progress... imgur.com/a/ng18Bgj
I actually didn't know about the 'sliding factor'. Or at least not with this name. Could you give me a source on that?
@@gergelybencsik8626 Contact ratio would be the correct name. Profile shifts affect working pressure angle which modifies the final contact ratio of gear pairs. Can’t wait for the next video!
This is the best illustration I've seen on involute gears. Loved the 'all gears cut with a rack' demonstration.
Awesome video! Very clear and simple explanations, everything made so much sense
Couldn't agree more
Absolutely!
Stunnningly demonstrated, explained and created. Something I had never thought about before, but makes perfect and sense when watching this video and the geometrical reasoning and constuction is truly beautiful.
I'm a chemist with no particular interest in mechanical engineering but you still hooked me. Impressive explanation video!
I had to learn all this when I was in trade school learning to be a millwright. Just a note that older gears had a 14.5 degree pressure angle and don't mesh with modern gears.
For the last year or so i've been sporadically studying how gears are shaped, mostly just for fun. This was an eminent summary!
Fantastic video; never something I thought about before, but this is really beautiful to see.
I am a mechanical engineer and you have explained gears better in less than 7 min than my university did in 4 years. Thank you!
Wow! This is among the best videos I've watched on the topic. Excellent work, thank you for the upload!
Awesome man, thanks a lot, 4h of lectures in 6 min is crazy
Excellent explanation! I will have to watch this video again, to remember the terms. It does make perfect sense, and good to know, that it's theoretically possible to make straight cut gears run smooth, quiet, and efficiently. In auto racing, we call these "spur gears".
Thanks for the video. I've been learning how to draw gears in another video, but your animation really helps me visualize how the numbers work together.
insanely good animation and explanation! Your channel is definitely going places
This is by far the best explanation of involute gears I've ever seen. Well done.
Excellent video. I read up on gears for a project I was doing and never found a straight forward explanation as well done as this video
I once worked as a shipping clerk at a machine shop that made precision gears that were used to check production gears. Although it was not strictly necessary for my job, I became fascinated with the geometry of gear teeth, otherwise known as involutometry. That was 40+ years ago, but I still find it interesting!
Glad to see the introduction of the rack principle which does away with complex maths for gear production. Not all gears are made with a rack cutter. In fact most are not.
Thank you! I have watched several videos trying to explain these, thanks to your explanation I understand them a whole lot better.
i was stuck at involute circles for a good 2hrs. this video resolved my confusion in 5mins
THE best video on gears i have ever seen so far. thanks for sharing.
wow wow beautiful. You took a complex engineering topic and simplified to an interesting short video.
That's really cool!
What's the little jump in the upper gear's dedendum profile in the animation at 6:14? Is it supposed to be there? Or did you change the type of template used suddenly?
BTW this is probably Wintergatan's bread and butter haha!
Good catch! It's a glitch in the way I do the rounding at the root. I actually use the same function as for the undercut, and at that point the curve disappears because the root radius is not deep enough to calculate it the same way. So the rounding is just a small adjustment of bezier ctrl points between the arc and involute.
@@gergelybencsik8626 Ah that's interesting! Sounds like a hard problem to solve.
@@gergelybencsik8626 stupid non-arbitrary-precision floating points 😂
This is the best explanation I've come across so far.
finally a good vieo explaining everything major in gear geometry and respecting the viewer's intelligence. I need one for angled gears (axises of rotation not being paralle)
I'm planning to follow up with undercutting and profile shift. I can't promise angled gears, I need to research them first, and going 3D is a bit of a challenge
@@gergelybencsik8626 yeah its quite a task. keep doing what you like and are good at. I like this presentation style and plan on watching whatever you upload.
Wouldn't angled gear just me cross section of a cone instead of cylinder? Circle to cylinder makes 3d, cylinder to cone makes angled.
Just a guess.
@@sirme1798 It probably is exactly this, but I want to see how it behaves with slightly misaligned axles and also how the geometry of helical gears applies to angled couplings (most car differentials)
Background music is a bit too loud
Ok
Thank you so much for making these animations and giving these explanations!!!
Great Video!!! Recently I studied a lot of materials about gear to make proper 3d gear models. No one(including videos, books and web pages) is clear than this one. Thanks!
Brilliant video ...Awesome animation...Totally incredible.. Loved it..
Excellent video presentation.
I understand that for gears to mesh properly they have to have the same module, (M1, M2, M3, etc) and I think that is the modern version of the older imperial Diametral Pitch system. For those not familiar with it, could you do a presentation of Diametral Pitch. I know that basically it's the number of teeth per inch of circle circumference.
Thanks for making the video and for taking the time to upload.
The video about involute gear was great, please make more like it👌
One thing that you didn’t point out, though it’s clear from your animation, is that the force applied to the gear at the point of contact is always perpendicular to the radius of the gear. This means that as the gears rotate they are always producing the maximum torque on each other and it is constant as they spin.
The best explanation I have seen by far.
This is amazing work. Very well presented.
Appreciate the effort you took to make this video.
👌
Great explanations and a great work in Manim (I just saw your post on Discord).
Manimazing! 🥳🥸
I have seen so many explanations for this, but non of them helped me doing the "click". This is one did, it is the definitive one!
I would love to see or read more information on how the rack cuts the gear. Thanks for the video.
Beautiful video. You explained what I always suspected about gears. Thank you.
Thank you so much for this great video!
Very well done, thank you! A couple of points, though. Lose the music! It is not necessary.
Secondly, you state that the gear teeth flanks slide on each other. In fact on spur gears they ROLL on each other. Certain other gears, such as worm gear and worm, and hypoid gears, see sliding motion and for that reason require a special lubricant. Good animation, and the formulae for the involute curve are the first time I have seen them.
Well, this sliding topic seems to be a recurring thing that I now must make into part 2 - if I ever finish it. Can you give me a source for your rolling claim? This is where I stand: there is rolling only at the middle part of the flank, at the pitch point, and the closer you get to the root or tip of the gear, there's more sliding. And since the rolling is only momentary, and not sustained over the contact surface, the motion must be categorized as 'sliding'.
@@gergelybencsik8626 In engineering school I definitely was taught of the tooth's rolling motion.
When checking resources with google, it appears that the rolling motion is appended with "sliding" motion at the extremes of the tooth engagement.
I suspect that much of this type of engagement depends on the accuracy of the tooth form.
I had the opportunity to speak with a gearing specialist who is recognized internationally.
He confirmed with what I found and reported on 2 days ago: Rolling motion when teeth are in contact at the pitch circle, and sliding motion as the contact point moves away from the pitch circle.
Glad to be able to update my dated knowledge!
Great video! I have a question: the values of 1m/1.2m for the addendum/dedendum are arbitrary or have a geometric explanation?
Good question, I haven't found any data on that when researching gears. The dedendum is larger for clearance, I saw some sources that separate it into 3 parts: 1m addendum, 1m dedendum, ~0.2m clearance, and the clearance value seems to vary a lot. I chose to keep it simpler this way. Keeping it proportional to 'm' is a good idea, then all your gears will be similar shape, just different size. Why is it exactly 1m? I can't tell you, although all sources agree on it. It seems to me it's a value that works really well in practice. If you increase it, the tooth becomes kind of pointy and long and thin, which makes it mechanically weaker. If you decrease it, you reduce the contact ratio, meaning you risk that during rotation, at certain points none of the teeth engage because they're too short and stubby.
I think like most things in engineering it has been tested empirically then standardised in the simplest way possible
Well animated the concepts! Appreciated :)
Brilliant video! Truly valuable information here.
Awesome video, only wished it covered more types or at least was part of a series.
I am planning to follow up with undercutting and profile shift of involtue gears. After that, I might do one on cycloid gears. If you mean other types like bevel gears or worm gears... I would need to switch to 3D animation for them, and I kinda wanted to stay 2D
Thanks I never thought of it as a rack. It makes sense now.
You are so underrated and deserve more subscribers
Great explanation can you make a video about cycloidal gears and the pros and cons between the two? Thanks.
cant believe this is free. Thank you so much
One of the best videos I've ever seen.
Beautifully explained
best explanation of involute gear and module...even has the math to input into a program...for those with a certain 'drive' ;-)
Really amazing , thank you Gergely Bencsik .
the best gears tutorial in the world
Very good video! One mistake - it said that the gears slide smoothly. The gears do not slide! All of the contact between the gears is ROLLING contact! That's the reason for using the involute shape!
@@jeffputman3504 Well there's a mix of rolling and sliding, it is shown at the end of the part 2 video.
Fantastic explanation and graphics! Thank you!
This is really well explained
Great video and explanation, its a shame that i only found this because grant mentioned your video
Should have alot more views
truly excellent explanation
0:52 wait it's looks like the graph thingy we used to find next root term something like that from Pythagoras theorem. I guess it's just a semi-permiter and kinda coincidental, unless it actually relates with it.
Fantastic animation man!
Could you do an explainer like this on how involute ring gears (internal teeth rather than external)? Unlike normal gears they're obviously not compatible with a rack between the teeth where they meet, and I haven't been able to find any adequate explanation of how the profiles are supposed to be generated.
I modeled inside rings in Manim, but I don't really know how they're made. I read somewhere that they're made with spur-gear shaped cutting tools, or they're just straight CNC'd. As far as math is concerned, the profile is exactly the same as normal spur gears, except inverted. By inverted I mean that a ring gear is just a circle with a spur-gear-shaped hole inside it. There is an animation on the github page for it: github.com/GarryBGoode/manim-GearBox
Based on my experience animating it, it works the same way, maybe except for a few minor interference issues at the tooth tips of the inside ring, if you don't leave enough clearance. Also I can't tell how undercutting would affect an inside gear, but... you generally don't make small inside ring gears with 17 teeth or less.
@@gergelybencsik8626 Ok. That's what I've been doing for printed gears but in the model there seems to be some very slight interference I've been trying to figure out, and I wasn't sure the approach was sound to begin with. It's probably just some weird thing with the tips I need to figure out...
@@gergelybencsik8626 Internal gears are generally generated with a gear shaper or broach. They can't be done with a hob, as it is basically a rack wrapped around a cylinder and canted to the lead angle.
CNC is also an option.
@@daliasprints9798 Make sure you have backlash being considered in your file. Also consider topping your teeth, trimming the tips, and/or crowning your teeth.
Using a whole depth coefficient of 2.25 (deeper depth) rather than 2.157 (standard depth for DP, Mod pitch uses 2.25 almost exclusively). Stub tooth is also an option.
Great video, thank you! The music is too loud though, it covers your voice.
Yes! Can we have a version without the music? Pleeeaaase 🥺
I agree. I gave this a thumbs up, but the music is very distracting. Too loud, and too repetitive. I would not watch any more videos with this music.
Awesome presentation and explanation :D
🤔Is the gear teeth profile a circular inversion of the rack profile? Seen that a few times recently and your animations reminded me of it.
This video is very underrated
Finally i understand how gears work!
Please reduce the music volume 😁😁
A version without the music would be super appreciated ☺
Excellent video that is not only fully correct but is clear and graphically impressive. I would like to copy the link for my students with your permission?
Sure thing, I'm glad you find it useful.
@@gergelybencsik8626 Many thanks I will let my students know and give you credit. Just curious what software you used to generate the videos?
@@paulbriozzo4895 It's called Manim, a python based thing originally designed by 3blue1brown, but now there's an open source community around it. The sources are linked in the description by the way.
Отличное представление!
Wow !!! I really LOVE it ... just perfect .May God bless you!
Great explanation. Thank you. As an amature clock maker, I am wondering if there is any chance of a similar explanation of the cycloidal gear profile?
Hello, the music is stunning. Is it possible to know the title/reference ?
Great video! Thanks for making it!
You have the best video explaining everything, but I'm struggling so hard with whatever formula that is at 1:00. I've tried inputting every combination I can think of in, but these nodes are either negative or no where near where I think it should be. I'm missing something very obvious; as always.
beautifully explained
Great explanation!
Oooohhhhhhhh, of course! This makes so much sense now.
Thank you for making a great video.
This was a great video, thanks a lot.
Amazing video!! This helped so much!!!
Superb explanation. Thank you!
Excellent explanation! Clear and succinct. But the music background is distracting and masks the narration- you don't need it.
Gratula!
Kiváló magyarázó video!
Vállalná esetleg hasonlóak gyártását egy magyar termékhez?
Köszönöm szépen, de ilyesmit egyelőre nem vállalok.
@@gergelybencsik8626 hát nagyon sajnálom, érdekes és jövedelmező projekt lehetett volna az xcblade működését ebben a formában megmutatni a világnak :)
Köszönöm!
Melyik/milyen grafikai szoftverrel lehet ilyen jellegű animációkat készíteni?
@@MadQuad Ezt Manim-mal csináltam (pontosabban Manim Community Edition), illetve After Effects-szel.
@@gergelybencsik8626 köszi
Brilliant video!
They exactly do NOT slide with each other, they actually ROLL on each other.
I'm still quite certain the tooth flanks slide more than roll. Do you have any source on this?
Only on the point where the line of action intersects with the pitch circle does true rolling occur. Otherwise there is always some sliding.
Wow, this is extremely clear.
This is quite good, but the only thing I didn't like is the outside square that makes it look like I'm watchjng a projector presentation.
Well, thanks for the feedback. I did want to make it feel like a projector changing slides, so... success I guess? Is the whole bounding box bothering you, or just the transition?
May you provide a video designing gears into Autodesk inventor or solidworks?
Sorry I can't help you with that, but to my knowledge there are a number of gear generators either online, or built into CAD programs, perhaps as an addon. For example I know OnShape has a gear toolbox, so you can generate one there, and just download the part and import it to your CAD.
Nice animations. I swear I’m going to get this. Soon.
this is sooo underrated
Absolutely perfect!
This is a perfect video!
soooo good video..!!
yeeeeeess11
🤣
awesome video!
Great Explanation. Thank you.
Fantastic video... But it is a complex topic so the underlying music is a bit strong for concentrating on a matter like this. Very subtle music, or voice only should be kinda better.
Keep Teaching us, Great video Dude !
👁️👁️👃👁️👁️🙏