How Effective was the WWII B-29 Tail Gunner?
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- Опубліковано 16 жов 2024
- The intent of this video is to describe the WWII B-29’s tail gunner’s station external features, walk through the interior station, and discuss the stations combat effectiveness.
Takeaways from the video:
Tail Gunner in Pressurized heated compartment
Armored gun station
Twin Browning M2 Machine guns
100% Armor Piercing Incendiaries
No Tracers in ammo mix
Optical illuminated Reticle Gun sight
Computer accounted for ballistics
Japanese attacked bombers tail during Night
Japanese attacked bombers nose during Day
Ratio of enemy losses to bomber losses was 70:1 for tail attacks - Наука та технологія
father-in-law sgt. Archie Hamrik was a tail gunner on the Ramp Queen, a B-29 from Saipan. loved his 20 mm cannon and kept it operational throughout the war. won the distinguished flying cross. pinned on by gen. Curtis Lemay. JDR
You can say what you want about Gen. Curtis Lemay, but as with George S. Patton, when you are at war you want to have leaders like that.
@@RubyBandUSA 🤦♂️
@@RubyBandUSA But you need to get rid of him real quick afterwards.
As an engineer I love the level of detail in this video. Well done.
The actor Charles Bronson was a veteran B-29 tail gunner.
Your videos are well presented with no pointless fluff. A large amount of these types of videos are just a long list of numbers and meaningless statistics to fill air time. 👍👍👍
Agreed
I agree. Too many of these WW2 warplane videos play the same clips that everybody else does. If I see the B24 pilot putting on a helmet one more time I will go crazy.
@@RMJTOOLS Or low flying B-24's on the Ploesti Raid with stacked wheat stalks and later billowing black smoke behind them in the distance as they make their egress back to Africa.
@@debbiestimac5175 Yes I agree in that. Cool anecdote, in the early ‘80’s as a young aircraft mechanic I had the pleasure of knowing a terrific mobile tool guy who came to the airport. Our mutual interest was aircraft and he told me about his father who was a bombardier on a B24. His first mission was Ploesti. Obviously he survived to have his son who was the guy I got to be friends with.
@@RMJTOOLS Nice, to have that kind of connection to history, it was such a horrendous loss of life, that raid. When I see modern warfare in that region today, Ukraine, with Germany being starved of oil and natural gas due to the conflict it drives home how green energy is never going to be enough, fossil fuels will be with us until they run out. And when they do, we are done as a civilization. No oil = no lubricants = no machinery.
Very well supported report. Thank you. I have witnessed ground-to-ground quad-50 caliber M-2 fire, so I can imagine the swarm of armor piercing rounds flung at an attacking aircraft by the twin 50's. A sign of the times: complete with ash tray.
Yes right across from a canister of walk around oxygen
"Dammit, is that a Zero?" (Stubs out his Lucky Strike unfiltered) "Time to go to work"
"complete with ash tray." If you ever come across a discussion about the Soviet Clone of the B-29 - the Tu-4 - among other fantasies - such as Boeing spelled backwards on the brake pedals due to them being castings of the original pedals (how sparse in knowledge about casting techniques can one be ???) - is the absolute doozy that the gunner's compartment was fitted with field modified Baked Beans cans to serve as ashtrays for the gunners. Kremlin control over the project was so strict that these Baked Beans cans were incorporated into the Tu-4 design. Da ohhh !!
Thanks for another great video. These videos are very well done with well thought out verbal descriptions, visuals and documentation. Very informative w/o hype and over the top excesses.
Love your content! Extremely useful and informative stuff. Keep up the great work 🤙
QUALITY CONTENT. 👍
I love the content as well, but hope never to have to use it😂
@@theonlymadmac4771 I was wondering that myself !
Great video! My maternal grandfather was a Waist Gunner on the B29 with the 20th Air Force. I have manuals, classified at the time, that were used for reference on the computers, gun systems, etc. Pretty neat stuff
Your videos are fantastic! Thank you for all the hard work.
Who else misses AWESOME shows like Wings on the History Channel, that were in-depth and informative, back when they used to focus on you know, history haha! 😉 😂
Ashtray just cracks me up. They thought of everything!
I learn so much from this channel. Great content!
What is amazing is how B-52 tail gunners were able to down MiG's in Vietnam with their 4 50 calibers!
The all important ash tray with 20 camels (or your preferred brand). Essential for the nerves at a few thousand feet with the Japanese airforce intent on bringing you down at all costs. Reminds me of Galland fixing an ashtray in his Messerschmit.
He had lighter too.
Very well presented, good pacing, fascinating information, great photography! Thanks for the video!
Glad you enjoyed it!
I watched the documentary on the Kee Bird.
The outcome was devastating. So close.
The main mechanic on that project was quite a character. It was sad to learn he passed away from illness shortly after.
A susual, a very thorough and well-done report on the B-29 Tail Gunner's position. I always enjoy your videos.
It’s actually fascinating how quickly the tail gunner goes from eyeballing and crude sights to take out enemy fighters to upgrading quickly to computer aided, projected crosshairs to easily take out hostile craft. All with a complimentary ash tray in your gunners seat, thank you for a very interesting and informative video, I hope there’s more videos with their same informative standard for the rest of the B-29 and other craft.
I giggled at the ash tray right across from his walk-around oxygen supply 😂
Thanks for this. My dad was a B-29 tail gunner. I still have his oxygen mask. When I was stationed at Ft Knox, I gave dad a tour of our tank, conduct of fire trainer. The gun controls were made by Cadillac Gauge and not unfamiliar to Dad’s hands. He was nailing targets out to 3,000 meters.
And here I was the entire time thinking that the tail gunner on the B-29 was remote controlled. I’m more of a tank guy and only know the basics of WW2 aircraft and probably have two aircraft confused. That being said, the B-29 is absolutely beautiful and amazing for when it was built. There is a B-29 on the bottom of Lake Mead in immaculate condition with talk of recovering it….it would be awesome to see this aircraft in person.
Immaculate ...... is perhaps not the best word to discribe it's condition.
It is kinda remote controlled. The gunner points the sight, and without human touch the guns follow via synchros or servos or resolvers or whatever electrical means.
Very informative video. Thankyou for sharing. My father was a B-29 pilot-in-command in July 1945 with his own assigned B-29 crew. He and his crew missed the war in the Pacific by only two weeks because the war with Japan had ended. He later joined the newly formed USAF in 1947 where he flew WB-29's for the Air Weather Service. He would hunt hurricanes and track their position. He would also fly through clouds to check for radiation to see if the Soviets had detonated any atomic weapons. The gunnery system in the B-29 Superfortress was very unique. Its central fire control system eliminated recoil and its computer system calculated wind speed and allowed for bullet drop. The only other aircraft to have a similar gunnery system was the Northrop P-61 Black Widow night fighter in which the top gun turret was controlled by the gunner and by the radar officer in the tail of the fuselage. The top gun turret on the Black Widow was later removed because the muzzle flashes from the guns had a tendancy to blind the pilot. They were later reintroduced on the P-61C models when flash arrestors were installed on the guns.
I get so excited when you have a new upload.. I love this stuff.
One of my late uncle (on dad's side) was a tail gunner of a B-29 during the Pacific Theater.
Your videos are awesome thanks for your work you deserve 1 million subscribers 👍🇭🇲
This was an amazing video! Thank you! And you did it all within 10 minutes! It points up what I think Mark Twain said something like this: "Sorry for the long speech. I wanted to do a 3-minute speech but only had time for the 20-minute one."
At night they could also fly low hidden in the dark and follow the planes silhouetted against the sky, and if it's a moonless or cloudy night track the Flames from the exhaust. Coming up from the depths and taking a swipe which would illuminate their position, then diving back down into the darkness.
They let you flick all those switches and sit in the seat, that is a Great Museum.
I think the Japanese twin engine heavy and night fighters had slanting upward firing cannon before the similar installations used by the Luftwaffe.
I'm thinking of the Ki45 and the Gekko- not sure of it's designation.
Very informative, your presentation flows well is logical and every element you include is very detailed. It is if you could get in and go on a mission as a tail gunner. Thanks
100% relevant material. Clear and concise, while integrating loads of cool stats and only relevant material.
Eye-opening--thanks! I was a bit surprised about no tracers; they could cause an enemy to break off an attack and given the B-29's altitude and speed, the enemy might not be able to catch up for another pass.
I think that after flying through a .50 cal lead hailstorm the enemy plane was in no condition to do another pass.
This is a subject I have always wondered about. You hear and see a lot about early B-17 defensive gunnery, but rarely ever anything related to the B-29. I think it would be fascinating as not only were they well protected with advanced systems, they also went up against some very advanced Japanese fighters, again something we don't really see or hear about much. Zero had range needs. But in homeland defense climb rates and fire density were the needs
Zero had no armour and no self sealing tanks.
@@paulc2130 Not by this point of the war. early war stuff yeah but they learned. Also need to remember why that was the theme; zeros were designed for long range as its primary function. These later war planes had to climb fast and hard, and then made steep fast passes from blind spots, so frontal armor was considered more important. That does change toward the end of the war but the B-29 was bombing in may of 44
Thanks, like how you display all the primary sources also.
Interestingly the 'Kee Bird' featured in the 'Nova' episode was forced down not only to being unable to navigate over the Arctic Circle, but higher than usual fuel consumption because of the drag created by the tail skid that failed to retract after take-off. As duly noted it lacked any manual crank just for such an event. The 'putt-putt' engine helped save the crew by providing power to broadcast a distress signal that rescuers were able to triangulate and finally locate them in the sometimes -50 F environment after a couple of days.
This is the content I look for. You’ve got my subscription.
Love the channel for its a StarWars engineer's handbook feeling!
Much of you see in Star Wars was inspired by WWII via George Lucas wanting it to be like a kids serial at the movies he enjoyed as a youngster. The Millennium Falcon's greenhouse style canopy like the B-29's, the Star Destroyers like the Battleships of the end of the war like Yamato and Mushashi, that and Darth Vader's helmet and suit fashioned after the revival of Shogun style militarism in Japan at the time, that led to them attacking Pearl Harbor. The Sith always attack first, just like Japan did.
My father was a volunteer tail gunner with the 462nd bomb group. He only shot down one fighter a Zero.
I knew the man who Sold the "new" WWII surplus radials to the 95 tragedy crew! He gave and my kids a tour and showed us a few more treasures as he wept tears of responsibility, RIP old man Oxman's Surplus lived to be over 100. then his son inherited his museum and Surplus treasures and sold a New "surplus" Ball Turit, then he passed. 100% plug and Go! and it is now gunned up and mounted in a trailer last I saw.
As a retired soldier , I worked with a 'Secret Spy Base in England, a colleague, female had been an an RAF photographer, making a record of damage on bombers returning
she said of the rear gunner area, we often had to wash out that area before we could take photographs.
In that way a colleague had been tail gunner, he would occasionally go for treatment, to help him recover for his experience
Related B-29 Videos from WWII US Bombers Channel:
B-29 Bomber Gunnery Video: ua-cam.com/video/vwNPJgNEyMU/v-deo.html
B-29 Bomber Bombardier/Gunner Video: ua-cam.com/video/ltPYQfF2Oac/v-deo.html
B-29 vs. B-17 WWII Gunner Kill Ratios Video: ua-cam.com/video/jSwB1Mxaung/v-deo.html
B-29 Tail Gunner’s Radar Video: ua-cam.com/video/l-39wbSe_0k/v-deo.html
B-29 5 Fascinating facts Video: ua-cam.com/video/ZuroPXzrUDg/v-deo.html
I love that the tail gunner’s station had an ashtray 😅 I guess it can’t have been pressurised with pure oxygen then??
No. You pressurise aircraft with ambient air, which is compressed by the aircraft as you go. Pressurisation of a whole aeroplane or cabin with pure oxygen would be both impracticable for a long range aeroplane and exceptionally dangerous, as the Apollo 1 disaster demonstrated. The use of oxygen is just to feed the face masks when pressurisation is not applied, and/or when the aircraft is pressurised but flying so high that the pressurisation can no longer maintain a sensible cabin altitude. In those cases the oxygen from the bottles is blended with ambient air in varying proportions into the mask according to the conditions at the time
@@harryspeakup8452 Ah I didn’t know they were pressurised with ambient air. Very interesting - thanks Harry!
I didn't know I wanted to know this - Thanks for a very well made analysis.
Thank you for the time and effort you put into your video, thumbs up.
My father was a radio operator on a B-29 in WWII. Please do a video on the radio operator's station.
Nice! My grandfather was as well! He was assigned to B-17s before that in Europe. 🇺🇲👍🏻😎👍🏻🇺🇲
A well laid out and informative video. The only thing ,imho, missing is a count of actual number of enemy fighters destroyed vs bomber losses. thank you for the video.
See the channel’s B-29 gunnery video on the Bomber’s kill ratio
Excellent vid! Really appreciate the insights, narrative, and statistics. Wonderful and thank you!
In the corporate turboprop aircraft that I fly, the cabin pressurization system is set for differential pressure, not a specific cabin altitude. The cabin altitude will vary depending on the altitude of the aircraft, since the differential pressure remains constant. Typically, the operational ceiling of the aircraft is determined by a maximum cabin altitude of less than 10,000 feet to comply with Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) requirements. As an example, a BE-B200 King Air has a maximum differential pressure of 6.6 psi, giving an approximate cabin altitude of slightly less than 10,000 feet at a service ceiling of FL350 (35,000 feet).
My dad talked about (B-29, B-50) how a tail skid strike from take off or landing meant that the POC at the event owed a case of beer to the crew.
Once again, great video! I love this topic!
Great video. Thanks for answering questions I always had about the B 29.
this is pretty awesome, didnt know how sophisticated the system was
Excellent & informative as always.
Cheers
1:05 lol bro is that you? I’ve seen several of your videos now, enjoyed them; but that is the first funny thing I’ve seen. Gj
That is not me, Just a stock image scaled to represent the size of the gunner.
Wow, this is very enlightening. Definitely subscribing.
Love the ash tray, best feature
Would love to see a follow video detailing combat effectiveness of B29 against Migs in Korean War.
They weren't, the MiG-15 decimated them. It is why they had to switch to nighttime bombing like the Brits in WWII. The MiG had no radar, they could not find targets at night.
I d love to see that as well. I think the consensus is that it was outgunned by the mig15. Fwiw there is also an interview out there of a mig 15 pilot saying that the 29 was a very dangerous target to attack.
Very interesting information I never heard before. That was pretty Advanced for 1945.
I think that it is fair to say that the tail gunners were so effective and necessary that the position was kept in the B-52 until ~1991.
I’d like to see a video on the B-52 tail gun/gunner.
I'll tell a story from my father's family history. My Dad started in the '30's as an aerial gunner in the old B-10. This was during the Great Depression (when an Army job was a big win)From he went on to an instructor in aerial gunnery (this was all before Pearl Harbor). He was so good at it they sent him to bombardier training, That was the introduction of the 'Heavy bombers like the B-17, b-24 and the B-29. Since he was an (old man) in his thirties they never would allow him to transfer to the 8th air force in the ETO. They said, since he was a good instructor, they couldn't let him go. That was for the twenty year olds. He was too valuable...so they kept promoting him (even into officer ranks). The NORDEN bomb-sight was becoming the big bet they were placing and they needed highly experienced men to understand it and train on it. So, that's what he did for the rest of the war. I know that he contributed a big effort to the USAAF. But I think that training so many men were killed weighed on him. so, suffering isn't limited to those that get shot out.
I like how the ashtray was considered a essential piece of equipment.
Enjoyed this information on the B29
Very cool!
A very nice description. I only wish you had provided a link to that report for those of us that would like to read it ourselves.
Incredible technology for that period! Thanks!
Quality of the build, wow.. Espcially those flush rivets & that mirror-like shine.
Add an ashtray, so you can smoke either tobacco or (?)
This appears to be video of the B29 at the Seattle Museum of Flight Pavilion, the 787 nose visible, the tail of the Concorde SST and the engine wing of a B47 !!!
Comfortable as compared to contemporary bomber tail gunners , But if hit and bailout required , How do you egress the plane ?
my grandpa was a tail gunner in the b-29 bomber, tried to get more files on his military career tc but my uncle found out that a storage area that had my grandpa files in illinois had burned down and lost the files so my uncle only has a few papers about my grandpa. which is a bummer cause i wanted to learn bout my grandpa because i never got to meet him. he had a heart attack while bringing in groceries,i think my dad was 14 or 16 yrs old when that happened.
Imagine being on the ground while the bombers are making their runs and they dumping 50 shells from a mile high on to what ever down bellow! And glad they didn't forget the ash tray. Can't light up bad guys without a smoke!
So if the tail gunner’s area was depressurised during combat could he open his bulkhead to get to the rest of the aircraft? Really interesting video thank you.
I’m sure he could if he wanted to, after attaching the walk-around oxygen bottle. If it were me, though, I wouldn’t want to leave that armored bulkhead!
@@JeffreyLWhitledge It certainly does look cosy in there. Particularly with the ashtray so you can work your way through a packet of smokes on the way!
Thank you for this great video
Great stuff , keep it up
Always the awkward question as the B-29 was quite a long range aircraft,what did he do when he wanted to go to the toilet?Most bombers had tail guns up to and including the B-52 , although they removed them at some point,so they must have thought that tail guns were effective and presumably based those thoughts on previous experience.
Excellent insight. Thank you.
Yes there were a lot of over-claims of enemy fighter kills in WWII, but, due to the restrictions on getting "confirmed" kills, there were a LOT of enemy fighters that went down that were not "confirmed."
Outstanding breakdown!
my grandfather was the gunner of b29's in the korean war.
another great one, thanks....re: ashtray, did I hear that right? Never heard/knew they could smoke, wow.
Well detailed, thank you.
Ashtray? Were the crews usually allowed to smoke while in flight? I feel like this would present some kind of hazard with the air bottles and so on, right?
Yes the crews were allowed to smoke not just cigarettes but also cigars. considering that they could be in the air for up to 16 hours on a mission that's a long time to go without a smoke.
Many people smoked liked chimneys back then.
Very concise. Nicely done!
Brilliant video- most realistic feel- as if you were there. !! . Thanks
VERY nicely done video
Another high-grade coverage. Comment, arrows and labeling are much appreciated.
Is the B-52's rear gunnery covered? In VN era, a short stream of 20s was fired safely far off-target as warning against a nighttime friendly mock-posing as possible enemy. Rapidly aborted the "fun."
( without watching the video ( ungrateful me ))
the germans ( who B29 never met ) liked head on attacks or dive in from the sides of the rear of the bomber so to maximize the problem of deflection shooting. ( so the rear gunner would not have a shot )
While this was going on only the gunners on the sides were engaged and having to be skilled.
If ANY enemy ended up in the rear of the bomber and pretty stabilized and low on energy you know he be toast the rear gunner had a cannon between the machine guns.
So the enemy fighters picked up altitude , then dove down from the side and gathered speed, and totally avoided the rear gunner.
BUT, if he was not there, then they would attack from the rear.
A situation of "damed if you do and damed if you dont" or in this case "damed if you have a rear gunner or damed if you dont"
( B29 centrally controlled turrets are very interesting, I can understand them dealing with one target but how do they deal with multiple targets?????? )
I love that they installed ash trays
@MarkInSavannah Zippo's were standard issue.
@MarkInSavannah I remember these I am 62 and a former smoker. My father was a radio operator on a B-29 in WWII and a smoker. He always carried a Zippo lighter a habit he picked up in the Army. (Army not Air Force)
well done. great report
Great video !!! btw, I've read a small number of B-29s still in WW2 had their upper forward turret modified (only that one) by replacing the four M-2s guns with four M-3s, the latest variant that fired at 1,200 rpm.
Reports sound be reliable, and also they go further in stating the only US airplanes other than the B-29 to get these super-new machine guns, were P-47N Thunderbolts of the 318th Fighter Group (NOT all of them though) based on Ie Shima from May 1945.
Please can anyone confirm with certainty? Thanx from Italy!
Great presentation! Can you produce a similar video of the B-17g chin turret... Thanks!
Very specific, but very interesting! Y thanks.
Excellent video.
Is this in Seattle ? I worked on "T Square 54". She's a grand old lady !
The absence of tracer is something I did not know prior
Very informative video great work!!!
Informative and well explained.
very good video. They had an ashtray in the compartment! That means they were allowed to smoke?
Great engineering feat! Don`t know if the problem with engine overheating was ever fully resolved.
That was super interesting !
I love this channel
Fascinating! But "enter interceptors wingspan"? Where does that data come from?
Nice... great information.
Saburo sakai once said,,attacking a bini yuku at high alt was similar to a cow shaking its tail, one swipe and all the flies disperse,,