lol no not an exclusive anymore. I talked with a few newer patrons who I assumed joined for the "exclusive content" but they all just said they were happy with just having things as an early release for the most part. Still plan on having some things exclusive there regardless.
@@integral_chemistry ah ic i got confused by the patreon only talk in the middle of the vid, i ain't complaining about that tho lmao, as long as it doesn't get yourself banned... i'd recommend floatplane btw if you don't want the risk of having your channel disappearing from the surface of the earth
@@integral_chemistryMost patreon and gumroad gets archived anyway. This way you can at least make money off them and yea most people are good with like a 2 week early period or some such
Video mentions skill level needed is teenager. So tru. Me and my buddies attempted to make nitroglycerin when we were teenagers. The big mistake we made was adding the glycerine all at once to the nitric/sulferic acid mixture (instead of adding it dropwise). Reaction overheated and ran away and shot a flame column about 20 feet high and sounded like a rocket (luckily we were making it outside). We never tried that again! And then there is mercury fulminate. We successfully made that on several occassions and I am damn lucky to be here writing this today after the several close calls we had. So the moral of this story is Please, Do Not Make Explosives at Home (or anywhere else, seriously).
oh boy I remember being scared AF when I, being 16, washed some silver nitrate crystals (recovered as excess silver nitrate from some silver mirror test tubes, left by other schoolboys) with some cold ethanol (wanted to make them dry faster) was being cried at by my school teacher: WHAAAT ARE YOU DOING YOU ARE MAKING A PRIMARY EXPLOSIVE AWWW
I agree with your caution and moral dilemma regarding the topic at hand but am nonetheless grateful, it was a good example of how incredibly dangerous such a small amount can be and my first time being introduced to the concept of 'drowning' reactions like this.
Thank you! I do feel in the end after looking at some of the other nitroglycerine videos here on YT that I could hopefully present the topic in a more nuanced way giving some background and safety measures that usually seem to be missing (like the drowning). Glad you liked it and learned something new :)
The shockwave from this reaction is technically not a sonic boom, but only technically. They both produce a shockwave rather than ordinary sound, and the cause of that is still SOMEthing going faster than the speed of sound in air. They absolutely would sound the same, and if confined to a chemistry laboratory would probably look the same after one reflection. The technicality is that one is created by an object moving through the air in excess of the speed of sound, creating a mach cone shaped shockwave, and the other is already a shockwave in some other medium, created by the chemical reaction front, and would probably not be cone shaped unless the medium in question is very long and narrow. Otherwise, they are both shockwaves. I only even mention this because I feel a scientist like yourself can appreciate this level of sheer pedantry.
The history of nitroglycerine in the petroleum industry is fascinating. Oil City, Pennsylvania has a museum that covers it. Moonlighting was one of the results of nitroglycerine process theft. What was so surprising to me were the descriptions of various nitroglycerine unintended detonations- not only is it powerful but extremely brisant, and people caught in the explosions were often reduced to... well, bits. Broken teeth and mist would be found at the site. And those accidents weren't rare.
I fabricated nitro-glycol from purified antifreeze at age 16. While it is slightly less powerful than regular nitroglycerin, it still produced a small sonic boom from a single drop on first strike with a mallet. I had basic plugs in my ear but not properly fitted and i lost hearing for at least 5min. Constant tinutitus for at least 5-10min put the fear of god into me and i thankfully did a controlled deflagration of the several grams of it i had made alongside the other >25g sample of acetone peroxide i had at room temp. Do not make explosives... i think my crude reagents at the time lead to less sensitive products, but besides that and my constant fear, i can't explain why I still have all my fingers... do not do this shit... it's next level, and i promise if you're watching this, there's a good chance you dont have what it takes/the same dumb luck i experienced to pull it off. Never work on batches above 1g, never work with equipment that produces shrapnel, always have emergency cooling and neutralizing baths (im talking dry ice and pre prepared quench solutions assuming 100% of your batch)
This is excellent advice. I thankfully don't have personal experience like this to use when I say not to do this, but I really mean it. This stuff does not play around, and that single drop detonation I demonstrated was enough to pretty much put me off to energetics altogether.
25g of TATP?! holy fuck dude. I feel panicky when around as little as 3g, and with full safety observed (handling it when slightly wet, only with plastic non static utensils, etc)
Try making ETN (erithretol tetranitrate) it is easy to make, less sensitive than NG, a solid, has safer synthesis because of less sensitivity and is more powerful than NG. Also it has a melting point of 62 °C so you can melt cast it, but when it is a liquid it is really really sensitive. It's precursor is erithretol which is used as a sweetener.
You are correct about the sound of the explosion. It doesn’t propagate like a sound wave it’s simply a pressure front shoving the atoms of the gas out of the way.
Hey! Thanks for confirming my suspicion. Its hard to explain but it didn't sound like an ordinary loud noise if that makes sense, and my only explanation was some sort of pressure wave.
There is a really interesting book called Explosives Engineering (Paul W. Cooper) that has a section on the science behind shock waves and how they break down.
@@integral_chemistrythe shock wave is like a normal sound wave but the pressure rise is so high it goes into a nonlinear regime. Adibatic heating accelerates the front until it loses it's intensity which then it decays into a regular large amplitude wave. Up close an explosion from high explosives are felt more than heard and the sound is more like a sharp crack. When you get far it becomes a boom. Similar happens with lightning for the same reasons.
0:35 this from his wiki "As a young man, Nobel studied with chemist Nikolai Zinin; then, in 1850, went to Paris to further the work. There he met Ascanio Sobrero, who had invented nitroglycerin three years before. Sobrero strongly opposed the use of nitroglycerin because it was unpredictable, exploding when subjected to variable heat or pressure. But Nobel became interested in finding a way to control and use nitroglycerin as a commercially usable explosive; it had much more power than gunpowder." would indicate that his brother died because he was interested in trying to stabilize, not the other way around
There's some advice i heard on Explosions and fire. You don't have to use glassware with explosives, plastic cups will produce less deadly fragments. Of course the chemical resistance is also a concern, but worth considering.
Not with the synthesis in this video because of the reagents (use of WFNA was not necessary btw) but for some other synthesis requiring water as a solvent plastic is perfectly fine.
@@herrhaber9076I believe teflon cups are preferred for this reason. Expensive, I'm sure, but better than having your glass setup decide it'd rather be an improvised frag grenade.
@@mnxs Teflon is a little bit more expensive than quality glass but is great for a lot of things. Unfortunately you cant heat it much but that's about it. I rarely use my teflonware though because I'd rather use it when I dont want the nucleation points made by scratched (used) glassware. Tom uses simple drinking cups which I believe are polystyrene. Polystyrene doesnt react well to conc H2SO4 :)
No you use wood pulp, sawdust, flour or starch for the mixture and you add a very small amount of antacid to neutralise any acidity of course stir the mixture before you add nitroglycerin.
Headaches like you wouldn't believe! First few exposures cause pain, but one quickly adapts. As a person gets more acclimatized to Nitro, going without is a complete nightmare! Pain, convulsions...workers would carry nitro-tablets to deal with the pain over long weekends.
Nitration of cofee filters is fun as it burns very fast, but has a secret. The paper becomes extremely acid resistant so you can filter out solutions like gold in aqua regia and other higly acidic compounds. Streight nitric acid isnt needed for making this either, a nitrate salt works just as well to create the nitric acid in situ ❤
@@mduckernzI can't be sure of all that'd be happening when nitrating coffee filters, but shouldn't it just turn the paper into nitrocellulose? In that case, there's not very many things that would dissolve it.
The nitroglycerin droplet you were hitting was actually a large amount. When testing a primary explosive, I usually use the size of 1~4 grain of table salt.
@@integral_chemistry it's good to have enough water right there in case you have a runaway nitration too. Just tip the beaker over instead of having to carry it to a crash bucket. It's all around a better plan, just make sure you have enough water to completely quench the reaction.
I've made methyl nitrate & ethylene glycol dinitrate, but was a bit squeamish about glycerol trinitrate, and here's why. Liquid NG is shock & friction sensitive, as we all know, but is safe to handle, if due caution is exercised. Frozen NG is inert. It can't be detonated. But when it's transitioning between the solid & liquid phases, it's VERY sensitive! I've read stories about trucks employed to transport it, exploding, when their refrigeration systems failed. NG melts at 55 deg.F, so I imagine, it would go through freeze/thaw cycles, during a lab synthesis. When produced industrially, temperature is tightly controlled, and it never freezes. Any comments?
lmao there will be a couple exclusive videos in time, right now there's only one since I put this here but I've got 4 more planned over the next couple months
c2n14 is just about as (shock) sensitive. (in the same order of magnitude) but more powerful and able to be set off in smaller quantities. It's notable as it's not (as) toxic as other explosives, only giving off various forms of nitrogen gas and a touch of carbon. I wonder if there's a viable method to produce it in, as it were, useful quantities. If the risk for using it as a weapon weren't so high, I'd enjoy a video series on seeing if it can become an ecologically safer explosive. no more heavy metals! no more strange toxic compounds
im fairly sure in the mechanism oxygen acts as a nucleophile not an electrophile and attacks the nitrogen of the nitronium ion forming an oxonium ion that loses a proton regenerating the acid and making the end product
Dude .. 7 grams is a lot. Handling it in glass is likewise not smart. Those guys back in the day making drums full of the stuff .. nightmare fuel right there.
Yeah I agree.. I meant to mention that the very first synthesis was 20g which detonated and lodged glass shards in ascanio sobrero's face. I kind of just didn't expect the percent yield to be quite so high or I would have scaled it back a good deal.. And yeah I've read (and heard) stories that absolutely horrify me, totally not surprised at the frequency of accidents back in the day.
@@integral_chemistry gotta remember that safety standards were a lot lower back then. Like you'd never make a child work 20 hours a day, or shove their Lil arm into a death trap because something jammed. That was a typical Monday at one point.
I neutralize the rinse water with sodium hydroxide and then dump it. Unlike TNT, this reaction doesn't produce any carcinogenic or environmentally toxic byproducts.
good question tbh especially if you don't have any experience, and yes you are 100% correct! However, nitrated simple alcohols like ethanol/methanol are even more incredibly sensitive and explosive than nitroglycerine and are prone to form explosive vapors. Quite terrifying imo.
Oh and another word of caution as to why no one should make it, if you get a drop on your skin you could pass out from how thin it makes your blood and if you don't pass out you'll still feel SICK
just a few days ago i read that you can mix this with diatomaceous earth to make a "solid" wrap that in something like paper to restrict expansion and add a fuse to create dynamite. would you mind trying an experiment to see if that is valid?
I wasn't sure anyone would notice that lol. Basically I made a math error scaling down an industrial procedure. I don't think I properly accounted for using 99% nitric instead of 67%
Probably yeah, however the temps here are so low compared to nitrocellulose that the potassium nitrate might crystallize, that would be my only concern.
Unfortunately, the thing that's used to "stabilize" it is even easier to get than nitroglycerine is to make and it isn't under any regulations anywhere. Someone was gonna do RDX, which is a lot safer, though not especially useful for anything other than that one thing.
yeah, really the biggest barrier to making nitroglycerine is the nitric acid for most people.. and basic common sense.. I did also make some RDX but that one will permanently stay on patreon considering it only has that one use, and as far as I can tell isn't on UA-cam, which leads me to believe someone has probably tried and had it taken down.
@@integral_chemistry Prussian Blue made an RDX making video that ended up being a step by step guide, and he removed it, and reuploaded a version that is more ambiguous and can't be followed as a tutorial
@@integral_chemistry Probably a good idea. I've seen channels get nuked literally for just showing how to mix KNO3, charcoal and sulfur. If you don't see it, someone probably did it and it probably isn't there anymore. Yeah, looking around, RDX isn't even used in solid rocket propellants that I can tell. I don't see why it couldn't be other than comparative cost. If you live in the EU, sorry about your draconian regulations. That's rough. I can order potassium nitrate by the kg here.
Thanks for the public tutorial on how to make a class A explosive! I'll be sure to use this for trustworthy purposes only any not for any illegality whatsoever.
Nitration reactions really very dangerous and interesting side of chemistry. You need be accurate and careful wit h working with them. I tried making trinitrotoluene from zero experience it took me many months to analyze and learn the process. It is really hard for making it from zero. But after making it it gam me a lot of experience.
Awesome video! Question can 50 to 60% nitric acid be used for this purpose? Because I’ve read and seen some use pure and 65% nitric acid and can you any purity of sulfuric acid, like regular OTC sulfuric acid or does it matter too?
someone please DL tehse videos for archive purposes, and/or preserve them on other media-sharing sites. sooner or later the Ninny Squad will take this down because "think of the children!". But in the end, knowledge is power.
I made maybe 100ml of nitroglycerine many years ago as a high school chemistry student, and I definitely get the heebie jeebies thinking about it after I set it off with a rifle at about 50 yards. Definitely don't make it, especially in volumes greater than 5ml or so.
Isn't it great that I get to admire all these dangerous chemicals without having to actually make them myself? 😀
Thank you!
That's a bit of an understatement, coming from you! 😂😂
@@TooMuchMiddle came here to say the same thing.
Agree 100%
- also learning about physics and chemistry is awesome to me, so HUGE thanks to ALL UA-camrs publishing these awesome types of videos!
LOL
huh, i'm not a patreon but i still got here, crazy
lol no not an exclusive anymore. I talked with a few newer patrons who I assumed joined for the "exclusive content" but they all just said they were happy with just having things as an early release for the most part. Still plan on having some things exclusive there regardless.
@@integral_chemistry ah ic i got confused by the patreon only talk in the middle of the vid, i ain't complaining about that tho lmao, as long as it doesn't get yourself banned... i'd recommend floatplane btw if you don't want the risk of having your channel disappearing from the surface of the earth
@@integral_chemistryMost patreon and gumroad gets archived anyway. This way you can at least make money off them and yea most people are good with like a 2 week early period or some such
RDX, please!!!
Video mentions skill level needed is teenager. So tru. Me and my buddies attempted to make nitroglycerin when we were teenagers. The big mistake we made was adding the glycerine all at once to the nitric/sulferic acid mixture (instead of adding it dropwise). Reaction overheated and ran away and shot a flame column about 20 feet high and sounded like a rocket (luckily we were making it outside). We never tried that again!
And then there is mercury fulminate. We successfully made that on several occassions and I am damn lucky to be here writing this today after the several close calls we had. So the moral of this story is Please, Do Not Make Explosives at Home (or anywhere else, seriously).
oh boy
I remember being scared AF when I, being 16, washed some silver nitrate crystals (recovered as excess silver nitrate from some silver mirror test tubes, left by other schoolboys) with some cold ethanol (wanted to make them dry faster)
was being cried at by my school teacher: WHAAAT ARE YOU DOING
YOU ARE MAKING A PRIMARY EXPLOSIVE
AWWW
I agree with your caution and moral dilemma regarding the topic at hand but am nonetheless grateful, it was a good example of how incredibly dangerous such a small amount can be and my first time being introduced to the concept of 'drowning' reactions like this.
Thank you! I do feel in the end after looking at some of the other nitroglycerine videos here on YT that I could hopefully present the topic in a more nuanced way giving some background and safety measures that usually seem to be missing (like the drowning). Glad you liked it and learned something new :)
The shockwave from this reaction is technically not a sonic boom, but only technically. They both produce a shockwave rather than ordinary sound, and the cause of that is still SOMEthing going faster than the speed of sound in air. They absolutely would sound the same, and if confined to a chemistry laboratory would probably look the same after one reflection.
The technicality is that one is created by an object moving through the air in excess of the speed of sound, creating a mach cone shaped shockwave, and the other is already a shockwave in some other medium, created by the chemical reaction front, and would probably not be cone shaped unless the medium in question is very long and narrow.
Otherwise, they are both shockwaves.
I only even mention this because I feel a scientist like yourself can appreciate this level of sheer pedantry.
The history of nitroglycerine in the petroleum industry is fascinating. Oil City, Pennsylvania has a museum that covers it. Moonlighting was one of the results of nitroglycerine process theft. What was so surprising to me were the descriptions of various nitroglycerine unintended detonations- not only is it powerful but extremely brisant, and people caught in the explosions were often reduced to... well, bits. Broken teeth and mist would be found at the site. And those accidents weren't rare.
I fabricated nitro-glycol from purified antifreeze at age 16. While it is slightly less powerful than regular nitroglycerin, it still produced a small sonic boom from a single drop on first strike with a mallet. I had basic plugs in my ear but not properly fitted and i lost hearing for at least 5min. Constant tinutitus for at least 5-10min put the fear of god into me and i thankfully did a controlled deflagration of the several grams of it i had made alongside the other >25g sample of acetone peroxide i had at room temp. Do not make explosives... i think my crude reagents at the time lead to less sensitive products, but besides that and my constant fear, i can't explain why I still have all my fingers... do not do this shit... it's next level, and i promise if you're watching this, there's a good chance you dont have what it takes/the same dumb luck i experienced to pull it off. Never work on batches above 1g, never work with equipment that produces shrapnel, always have emergency cooling and neutralizing baths (im talking dry ice and pre prepared quench solutions assuming 100% of your batch)
There are some absolutely vital bits of advice there
This is excellent advice. I thankfully don't have personal experience like this to use when I say not to do this, but I really mean it. This stuff does not play around, and that single drop detonation I demonstrated was enough to pretty much put me off to energetics altogether.
">25 grams of acetone peroxide"
How tf are you alive
25g of TATP?! holy fuck dude. I feel panicky when around as little as 3g, and with full safety observed (handling it when slightly wet, only with plastic non static utensils, etc)
"25g of acetone peroxide"
Ah yes, the tree stump removal grenade💀
Try making ETN (erithretol tetranitrate) it is easy to make, less sensitive than NG, a solid, has safer synthesis because of less sensitivity and is more powerful than NG.
Also it has a melting point of 62 °C so you can melt cast it, but when it is a liquid it is really really sensitive.
It's precursor is erithretol which is used as a sweetener.
You are correct about the sound of the explosion. It doesn’t propagate like a sound wave it’s simply a pressure front shoving the atoms of the gas out of the way.
Hey! Thanks for confirming my suspicion. Its hard to explain but it didn't sound like an ordinary loud noise if that makes sense, and my only explanation was some sort of pressure wave.
There is a really interesting book called Explosives Engineering (Paul W. Cooper) that has a section on the science behind shock waves and how they break down.
@@integral_chemistrythe shock wave is like a normal sound wave but the pressure rise is so high it goes into a nonlinear regime. Adibatic heating accelerates the front until it loses it's intensity which then it decays into a regular large amplitude wave. Up close an explosion from high explosives are felt more than heard and the sound is more like a sharp crack. When you get far it becomes a boom. Similar happens with lightning for the same reasons.
@@Slowly_Going_Mad SCIENCE IS FUN
Downloading...
His lawyer advised him to not complete this joke
Knowledge is power. It can be used for good or evil, but we should never make things too easy for the stupids.
I really waiting for Rdx video . That is very interesting. Thanks for the video
Well I am on a list for sure after watching
1)How to make sodium azide
2)How to make fuming nitric acid
3)How to make nitroglycerine
in a row🥴🥴
Check out TNT next! (JK) but yeah I might be on some sort of list too idk
Pretty sure big brother has us all on a list just for being interested in science.
Trust me, we are all there
"I'm on a list.." == "I live under a tyrannical government"
ok google "how to masturbate without fingers"
0:35
this from his wiki
"As a young man, Nobel studied with chemist Nikolai Zinin; then, in 1850, went to Paris to further the work. There he met Ascanio Sobrero, who had invented nitroglycerin three years before. Sobrero strongly opposed the use of nitroglycerin because it was unpredictable, exploding when subjected to variable heat or pressure. But Nobel became interested in finding a way to control and use nitroglycerin as a commercially usable explosive; it had much more power than gunpowder."
would indicate that his brother died because he was interested in trying to stabilize, not the other way around
There's some advice i heard on Explosions and fire. You don't have to use glassware with explosives, plastic cups will produce less deadly fragments. Of course the chemical resistance is also a concern, but worth considering.
Not with the synthesis in this video because of the reagents (use of WFNA was not necessary btw) but for some other synthesis requiring water as a solvent plastic is perfectly fine.
@@herrhaber9076I believe teflon cups are preferred for this reason. Expensive, I'm sure, but better than having your glass setup decide it'd rather be an improvised frag grenade.
@@mnxs Teflon is a little bit more expensive than quality glass but is great for a lot of things. Unfortunately you cant heat it much but that's about it.
I rarely use my teflonware though because I'd rather use it when I dont want the nucleation points made by scratched (used) glassware.
Tom uses simple drinking cups which I believe are polystyrene. Polystyrene doesnt react well to conc H2SO4 :)
1:29 "and nothing else" 😂😂😂
LMAO I forgot I left that in the final cut
if yall wanted to know, nobel just soaked up the nitro into cat sand because for some reason it decreased its sensitivity
Diatomaceous earth
@@scrappydoo7887 yesss , i forgot what it was called , thank you
No you use wood pulp, sawdust, flour or starch for the mixture and you add a very small amount of antacid to neutralise any acidity of course stir the mixture before you add nitroglycerin.
For the love of good don’t freeze it so it’s semi froze that makes it even more dangerous. But it should be cold but still a liquid.
I think the reason why is because it gets rid of the micro bubbles that can fracture and cause a detonation I think.
Oh My! Nice!!! You've got an amazing thing going here. Keep up the great content.
Thank you so much!
Headaches like you wouldn't believe!
First few exposures cause pain, but one quickly adapts.
As a person gets more acclimatized to Nitro, going without is a complete nightmare!
Pain, convulsions...workers would carry nitro-tablets to deal with the pain over long weekends.
You mean, exposure to fumes?
Spoiler:
He mixed it with diatomaceous earth and stuffed it into a wooden tube sealed with wax.
*waxed paper tube* in the more or less final versions
Nitration of cofee filters is fun as it burns very fast, but has a secret. The paper becomes extremely acid resistant so you can filter out solutions like gold in aqua regia and other higly acidic compounds. Streight nitric acid isnt needed for making this either, a nitrate salt works just as well to create the nitric acid in situ ❤
Damn thats kinda cool
Already bought a sinter funnel for that stuff
Well i also needed it for really basic(caustic)stuff so
Yes, you are basically making plastic filter “paper”
But, of course, you cannot filter anything with organic solvents in it as it will just melt them
@@mduckernzI can't be sure of all that'd be happening when nitrating coffee filters, but shouldn't it just turn the paper into nitrocellulose? In that case, there's not very many things that would dissolve it.
The nitroglycerin droplet you were hitting was actually a large amount.
When testing a primary explosive, I usually use the size of 1~4 grain of table salt.
Just curious, how were you legally able to make this? Can I legally do it in a lab if it’s just a minor amount?
Nitroglycerin wasn't the first discovered explosive stronger than black powder. That title belongs to fulminating gold c:
I was looking for this
The first affordable one
That's what I do too, use the ice bath to crash out nitrations. Less to clean after. Also, too late to not try it. Lol
Its definitely my go-to these days, not sure why I ever bothered using a whole separate beaker for literally no reason lol
@@integral_chemistry it's good to have enough water right there in case you have a runaway nitration too. Just tip the beaker over instead of having to carry it to a crash bucket. It's all around a better plan, just make sure you have enough water to completely quench the reaction.
Gotta download this quick. I also got the RDX video before it got taken down after a few hours
How do you download a video without premium? Probably just screen record, right?
@@andrewdoesyt7787 Someone is too new on ytdloading business it seems kek.
Homer! I never said you couldn’t, I said you probably shouldn’t!
I've made methyl nitrate & ethylene glycol dinitrate, but was a bit squeamish about glycerol trinitrate, and here's why. Liquid NG is shock & friction sensitive, as we all know, but is safe to handle, if due caution is exercised. Frozen NG is inert. It can't be detonated. But when it's transitioning between the solid & liquid phases, it's VERY sensitive! I've read stories about trucks employed to transport it, exploding, when their refrigeration systems failed. NG melts at 55 deg.F, so I imagine, it would go through freeze/thaw cycles, during a lab synthesis. When produced industrially, temperature is tightly controlled, and it never freezes. Any comments?
nice detonation vs deflagration aka fast burn 🔥
For the Nobel invention still has ONE video here on yt
Perhaps I should consider joining your Patreon for access to exclusive videos like these.
lmao there will be a couple exclusive videos in time, right now there's only one since I put this here but I've got 4 more planned over the next couple months
Now drink it
big headache coming your way if you do
Now imagining a 'edible chemistry' series, like NileRed, but very very much not like NileRed.
Its temping °^°
Hello my fellow people who are now on a list
Another “Banger” ⚛️💥⚛️
c2n14 is just about as (shock) sensitive. (in the same order of magnitude) but more powerful and able to be set off in smaller quantities. It's notable as it's not (as) toxic as other explosives, only giving off various forms of nitrogen gas and a touch of carbon. I wonder if there's a viable method to produce it in, as it were, useful quantities. If the risk for using it as a weapon weren't so high, I'd enjoy a video series on seeing if it can become an ecologically safer explosive. no more heavy metals! no more strange toxic compounds
im fairly sure in the mechanism oxygen acts as a nucleophile not an electrophile and attacks the nitrogen of the nitronium ion forming an oxonium ion that loses a proton regenerating the acid and making the end product
I love seeing you make stuff so i don't have to 😊
_Dun dew it dun make nitro._
Chemists taking ergot and making trippy stuff: aight
It’s called dynamite because NG was mixed with diatomaceous earth to stabilize it.
5:08 that metal needle against the glass seems dangerous
Dude .. 7 grams is a lot. Handling it in glass is likewise not smart.
Those guys back in the day making drums full of the stuff .. nightmare fuel right there.
Yeah I agree.. I meant to mention that the very first synthesis was 20g which detonated and lodged glass shards in ascanio sobrero's face. I kind of just didn't expect the percent yield to be quite so high or I would have scaled it back a good deal.. And yeah I've read (and heard) stories that absolutely horrify me, totally not surprised at the frequency of accidents back in the day.
@@integral_chemistry gotta remember that safety standards were a lot lower back then.
Like you'd never make a child work 20 hours a day, or shove their Lil arm into a death trap because something jammed. That was a typical Monday at one point.
aaaaaand now we're all on another watch list.. well done! ;p
I thought you would get a ceiling fan coupon for being on that list?
What you do with the leftover chemicals
I neutralize the rinse water with sodium hydroxide and then dump it. Unlike TNT, this reaction doesn't produce any carcinogenic or environmentally toxic byproducts.
@@integral_chemistry thx i think if you did some videos how to deal with leftover chemicals will be good to watch
Weeehee ! Nitroglycerin with a stir bar ! :)
Imagine your little brother dying to a newly invented explosive and you decide to- Make it more usable as an explosive
so... can you nitrate any alcohol this way? like can you theoretically make something like nitroethanol? (me, someone with zero chemistry experience)
good question tbh especially if you don't have any experience, and yes you are 100% correct! However, nitrated simple alcohols like ethanol/methanol are even more incredibly sensitive and explosive than nitroglycerine and are prone to form explosive vapors. Quite terrifying imo.
Yes. Have a look at methyl nitrate if you’re curious, it’s extremely powerful and dangerous, volatile too
There is a way to handle it safely, and that is to handle it ... remotely 😂
You left out Hemorrhoids and GTN!
(Giving me a headache just thinking about it)
Ahh yesss, another one on the energetics list of to dos. 😎
Oh and another word of caution as to why no one should make it, if you get a drop on your skin you could pass out from how thin it makes your blood and if you don't pass out you'll still feel SICK
just a few days ago i read that you can mix this with diatomaceous earth to make a "solid" wrap that in something like paper to restrict expansion and add a fuse to create dynamite.
would you mind trying an experiment to see if that is valid?
damn the disclaimer is no joke
I take nitroglycerin almost every day for my heart disease! It's a wonderful vasodilator, tingly and sweet in the mouth.
The initial nitro looking kunda sussy
LMAO
Why the massive excess of HNO3?
I wasn't sure anyone would notice that lol. Basically I made a math error scaling down an industrial procedure. I don't think I properly accounted for using 99% nitric instead of 67%
That's okay, isekai manga have already taught me how to stabilize nitroglycerin into dynamite.
So can potassium nitrate be using instead of fuming nitric acid?
Probably yeah, however the temps here are so low compared to nitrocellulose that the potassium nitrate might crystallize, that would be my only concern.
@@integral_chemistry Actually, if KNO3/NaNO3 & H2SO4 are used, HNO3 is generated "in situ," so the nitrate salt would not crystalize out.
(SABASTIN) potassium nitrate with sulfuric acid and cotton dissolves in nitroglycerine to make gelignite.
A geez what did i click on this isnt Air fryer review 😉
Man that shit is dangerous. Wow cool video
in b4 youtube stretches its cold fingers over this vid
very great👌 .
You can also make tetryl?
Dude! I had no idea potassium permanganate was a scheduled chemical
I hope I don't get arrested for watching your videos someday 😞🤟
We make this all the time
What licences do you need to make this?
Depends on where you live tbh
In the US none, as long as you don't transport, store or make money from it. Has to be done in a non residence on private property too
Is it possible to use nitric acid made from ammonium or potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid? Will sulfates interfere with the reaction?
You can use KNO3. Don't use AN, it's known to be unstable when used this way.
Also, if you need to ask this, you probably shouldn't do it...
Congratulations, someone is finding you.
Are they hot ?
Unfortunately, the thing that's used to "stabilize" it is even easier to get than nitroglycerine is to make and it isn't under any regulations anywhere. Someone was gonna do RDX, which is a lot safer, though not especially useful for anything other than that one thing.
yeah, really the biggest barrier to making nitroglycerine is the nitric acid for most people.. and basic common sense.. I did also make some RDX but that one will permanently stay on patreon considering it only has that one use, and as far as I can tell isn't on UA-cam, which leads me to believe someone has probably tried and had it taken down.
@@integral_chemistry Prussian Blue made an RDX making video that ended up being a step by step guide, and he removed it, and reuploaded a version that is more ambiguous and can't be followed as a tutorial
@@integral_chemistry Probably a good idea. I've seen channels get nuked literally for just showing how to mix KNO3, charcoal and sulfur. If you don't see it, someone probably did it and it probably isn't there anymore.
Yeah, looking around, RDX isn't even used in solid rocket propellants that I can tell. I don't see why it couldn't be other than comparative cost.
If you live in the EU, sorry about your draconian regulations. That's rough. I can order potassium nitrate by the kg here.
He said he wouldn’t give us details on the dynamite process, but I’m pretty sure you just absorb nitroglycerin in diatomaceous soil.
Thanks for the public tutorial on how to make a class A explosive! I'll be sure to use this for trustworthy purposes only any not for any illegality whatsoever.
Nitration reactions really very dangerous and interesting side of chemistry. You need be accurate and careful wit h working with them. I tried making trinitrotoluene from zero experience it took me many months to analyze and learn the process. It is really hard for making it from zero. But after making it it gam me a lot of experience.
Diatomaceous earth and cardboard you’re welcome
Blast velocity is faster than the speed the ISS is going.
Loved the video! I also just wanted to check if you got my email about the methlyaminoanthraquinone synthesis. Thank you!
Comparing a small explosion to a revolver is the most American thing that I have heard
Lol at "amyl nitrite (used for chest pains and nothing else)"
Awesome video! Question can 50 to 60% nitric acid be used for this purpose? Because I’ve read and seen some use pure and 65% nitric acid and can you any purity of sulfuric acid, like regular OTC sulfuric acid or does it matter too?
Yes, but you need to use correspondingly more sulfuric acid, it may make more sense to just use the nitrate salt process instead
Low concentration acids=low yield
@@mduckernz thank you! Great advice
@@mohammad_moazami thank you
Interesting seeing how fast it burns.
It's not my fault officer, this video was on my notification list..
Why use glass?
tatp next if u want scary things
It seems like we would produce more chemists if our youth were exposed to the more interesting compounds.
someone please DL tehse videos for archive purposes, and/or preserve them on other media-sharing sites. sooner or later the Ninny Squad will take this down because "think of the children!". But in the end, knowledge is power.
Oh, i thought it was just a propellant, I guess its just how its used.
Yes but if you add a small amount of acetone to the mix you can beat it with a hammer all day long without a det!
*Keep your formula. I like picrik-acid and aluminum powder. Way quicker and more bang.*
this... is not meth
I made maybe 100ml of nitroglycerine many years ago as a high school chemistry student, and I definitely get the heebie jeebies thinking about it after I set it off with a rifle at about 50 yards. Definitely don't make it, especially in volumes greater than 5ml or so.
Yay get me on more watchlists please /sarcastic
Just add diomasicis earth.
am i on the government watch list now?
Yayayyayyyy
lmao 2:57 isn't it FUMMING Nitric acid at that point, You can't actually have 99% Nitric acid due to waterin the air.
For once a normal chemical
Anyone else here for heart health?
Absorb it in celite, recreate Nobel's invention
nishce 🤓
FBI! Open up!
Plz make DMT
Anyone have a pen and pad? Please?
...anyone heard of a pen and pad?