Basic Electrical Panel Components | Industrial Control Panel Basics | Electrical Panel | VFD |

Think of a control panel like the human body. Inside our bodies, we have vital organs that control and monitor our surroundings.
Similarly, a control panel is a metal box which contains important electrical devices that control and monitor a mechanical process electrically.
Let’s get started! First let’s talk about the enclosure, the metal box that contains all of the electrical devices of the control panel.
Enclosures are often aluminum or stainless steel and the size will vary based on the size of the process.
A control panel enclosure can have multiple sections. Each section will have an access door. The size of the enclosure is commonly referred to by the number of doors the enclosure has.
Each enclosure will have an electrical safety rating designated by UL, the “Underwriters Laboratories” who governs electrical safety.
They will also have an IP rating or NEMA classification which designates the enclosure to be indoor or outdoor, waterproof or water-resistant, suitable for hazardous conditions, dustproof, or explosion proof.
Now let’s go inside the enclosure and talk about the non-electrical components that make up the control panel.
First, let’s talk about the back panel of the enclosure. The back panel is a sheet of metal that is mounted on the inside of the enclosure that allows us to drill mounting holes for different devices which leads us to our next component, DIN rails.
A DIN rail is a metal rail with a standard width used for mounting electrical devices inside.
The next component inside the control panel is wiring Duct. Ducts allow us to route the wires in an organized and efficient way while also reducing electrical noise between devices.
Next, let’s get into the electrical components of the control panel!
The main circuit breaker is where the power comes into the control panel for all of the devices. This circuit breaker generally has a disconnect on the outside of the panel that allows us to shut off the power.
Always remember the topside of the circuit breaker will still have power. The power that comes into the panel can be anywhere from 480 volts to as low as 120 volts.
After the power comes into the panel from the main circuit breaker the power will be run into a surge arrester.
A surge arrester is a device that protects all of the electrical equipment inside the control panel from electrical surges or overvoltage. An electrical surge can come from a lightning strike or utility power surge.
Enclosure and Backplate
- Main Circuit Breaker
- Branch Circuit Breaker
- Surge Suppressor - Protects against lighting and power surge
- AC Power distribution
- Power Supply - Converts one form of power to another
- DC Power Distribution
- Ethernet Switch - It allows several different devices within the cabinet to communicate with one another

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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Switching knob

[@ShounakKatyayan]

Very informative video. I had no idea that so much goes into panel building. Coming from Computer Engineering background working for an Electrical Engineering company, I often see these parts in electrical panels and always wonder what their use was. I have a question related to the energy meter parameters. I am extracting data over modbus from Energy Meters. I have the data but I don't understand how I can use this data to raise alerts or warnings. Eg. Currently, I am raising alarm when the value of current crosses a threshold. But that's it. It would be helpful if you could shed some light on what parameters to monitor to understand the health of your electrical system.

[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ShounakKatyayan]

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Can you explain the sizing of the component.

[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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[@ElectricalAndautomation_guru]

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