ARM inventor: Sophie Wilson (Part 1)
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- Опубліковано 11 лип 2024
- Sophie Wilson designed the instruction set for the original ARM Processor (Acorn RISC Machine) in 1983-1985 for the Acorn Computers which she designed in the 70's, 80's and 90's.
I interview Sophie Wilson at the Computing History Museum in Cambridge www.computinghistory.org.uk/
Check back for one more hour of Interviewing with Sophie Wilson to be posted on ARMdevices.net in the days to come! - Наука та технологія
Very intelligent Sophie Wilson to replicate the ARM chips, amazing stuff.
Sophie should have a damehood, and Steve Furber a knighthood. Legends.
I totally agree, clive got a knighthood, why not them? :-s
Yeah, at least OBE or MBE or something similar....
She got Commander of the British Empire in 2019.
@Seniku Moonjewel Sophie isn't a guy anymore, she is now a women. You however, will always be a dick. "lol"
@Seniku Moonjewel Why do you care so much, what she identifies as or what name of honour she should get? Seriously, get a sense of proportion.
when I was a summer student at Acorn in July 1987 and then in 1988 I had the privilege of meeting Sophie in her office. She was in the secure area in Fulborn Road, her office was organised with a U-shape desk on the three sides and she was working on at least five Archimedes in parallel. She demonstrated me the first drag and drop window system (it was before WIMP or the very first early prototype of the WIMP desktop - windows icons menu and pointer) she copied a file by dragging its icon from one filer window to another (JULY 1988!!!) and then showed me the email client, which was a British red mail box icon which was getting fatter when you had unread emails.
Truly impressive, JULY 1987 with anti-aliasing fonts too... running on an ARM2 processor, few 25MHz no cache... somewhere else there was Windows with its ugly bit-mapped fonts, etc. what a huge difference in vision and smart design!
thank you Sophie
The Apple Macintosh had a WIMP interface and that was released in 1984. Xerox released the 8010 a few years before that. The Archimedes was a great computer and the first to use a RISC, but not the first with WIMP. BBC BASIC (Wilson's design) available from 1981 on the BBC Micro was by far the best BASIC implementation on a home computer.
The desktop metaphor goes all the way back to the early 1970s with Alan Kay, and that was inspired largely by the work of Douglas Engelbart in the 1960s.
drag and drop was invented by Jeff raskin in 1970
Why, why, why, Jef Raskin was invented by Burrell Smith in the early 80's.
yes, I read that you mean that Jef Raskin designed the first window/mouse driven GUI at Apple on the motherboard designed by Burrell Smith. Fair enough. I ack it.
You're a legend, Sophie, in bringing computing to the world. Steve Furber is another such legend. Without ARM we'd not have the prevalence of mobile devices we see today.
MIPS For the Masses.
The pride on her face at the moment she says that is so obvious, so lovely and so damn deserved. - An inspiration to men and women alike.
That’s why Taliban must be exterminated - they rob mankind of women contribution
Her?
Thank you Sophie Wilson. You deserve Nobel prize...
Although I personally agree with her getting recognition for her work with for example a Nobel prize,
I think that's impossible, as Nobel prizes are awarded to people who make considerable advancement to areas of science,
by inventing or discovering something new, eg, if she had invented or created the very first micro-chip / integrated circuit, or, invented the RISC architecture, she would be eligible for a Nobel prize, but, in her case, she created a RISC microprocessor architecture, and all these concepts, technologies and inventions were already in existence and were actually invented by others before she created the ARM microprocessor architecture with her team-members...
They did create a very, very technically efficient version of it though, and that definitely deserves massive recognition ;)
I used to work for one the biggest Acorn dealers in the UK as a young engineer repairing the BBC Micros, I was sent on technical training courses to Acorn offices in Cambridge and on one occasion Sophie was there, not involved in any of the training but our instructor did tell us who Sophie was and I recall brief interaction. The BBC Micro was very well engineered and the technical documentation available to us was the best in the business, of course in those days we repaired computers to component level and the only part that was the exception was the power supply. They had a range of stock faults, most notable was the video chip which had heat issues especially on earlier versions, but they were far more reliable than most other micros of the time. It’s easy to forget that although we see the BBC MICRO as slow and low powered today, it was certainly not the case back then.
No words are enough to express my appreciation and admiration for your work.
Thank you Sophie!
She deserves a Dame-hood! .. She's up there in shaping the world with Time Berners-Lee !!!
*Tim
@Seniku Moonjewel as you’ve been told multiple times in the many comments you’ve made in various threads, sex and gender are not the same thing.
@Seniku Moonjewel Making comments that are inappropriate on youtube just to sound edgy DO make you a dickhead though!
@dwayne_dibley they are immutably connected however. That is why Sophie is a trans woman, as opposed to woman, for example. The genders man and trans woman fall under the category of males.
Thanks for the trip down memory lane with Sophie Wilson for those of us that need refresh more often now days. Mips for the Masses!
This comment is directed to Sophie and Steve. I know you guys did all the work and I'm not trying to detract from that. I remember when Intel had basically screwed Motorola and had "won" the architecture battles of the day. I was head of r&d for Micro-RGS working on the 6809 and 68008. I developed on the Amiga until 86. Knowing intel had won, I gave up codeing. I put all my free $ into doing an end run around the x86 arch and that brought us to Arm. They can't stop us now. I'm back to codeing. I'm known as Mr. Arm around here. I remember spec ing universality of registers and pc offset branch and data. Wonderful implementation. Thanks. I now have in arm32, multiple stacks with ascending/descending, full and empty universal. Wow. Better than I want or needed. The extent to which the structure meets my needs is beyond anything I imagined. I have devoted my life to this work. Only arm32 can do the tasks I need. I did get my friends at softbank to get into control and blocked arm from US domination. I think I hold the rights now. I ❤️🥰🤗😇 you both and hope you will continue to support this cause. More later. Dr. John (ha)P. Kunze III. I hold over 52,000 patents and founded open source and the internet. To the betterment of mankind using creative computing.,jok
She's great. Her enthusiasm shines through (as does Steve's).
Nice to finally meet you Mrs. Wilson
thank you..
Look at this holly wood!!! A new movie inspiration right there.
Humans will need a Sophie Wilson for ever....
OMG. Eye opener. If you search through all the past catalogues you can find details (and a load of BS) on the real founders/developers and appreciate the genius in the original architecture. Absolute outstanding example on what can be produced under financial, personal determination and commercial constraints. I certainly can truly appreciate the brilliance in the early development of Arm core.... xxxxx
Thank You ... Sophie Wilson !!!
Didn't know she made the instruction set behind Snapdragon, Cortex, and all the ARM variants. The more you know.
Very special interview, thank you!
had a beeb and then a archie a440! even learned ARM assembler. Would never have dreamed that they would become so popular.
I love you Sophie and thanks for your wisdom💝
One of my technology heroes. Sophie is a great example of British humility and genius!
I love my ARM based TI Nspire CX CAS calculator.
My heroes - Sophie Wilson and Steve Furber!
BBC Basic... That's like ages ago.
It's still the coolest times in computing. I honestly loved the ultra simple games from those times and the gigantic leaps they made year on year.
Thank you Sophie :)
Deserve a movie !! Genius !!
Sophie Ma'am what you did paved for what we have today and ARM is being used in IBM Super data Centers and ARM is just as powerful as Intel and AMD chips in ways She should get award
Such an incredible instruction set.
Pleasure to hear an interview with the inventor.
AJ.
hats on Sophie 🙏👍from Indonesia
I loved acorn basic and the easy way to integrate assembler in it...i programmed a 3d design program on the electron that was to slow but i just loved programming on this machine!
wow, history unknown for 99.9% of ARM users... that's a little sad, some heroes are out of the history
@Gervs Jacobs whoever sat on a rock and then took the rock home.
It is a travesty that Sophie isn't famous, herself and Steve designed the chip and instruction set that enabled the modern world
by all rights should be a millionaire how is she not, how is it not a patented design of which she is the holder of the rights, she designed it
I had a BBC Model B and loved the hell out of it, Roger is a total hero imo! and a bloody genius too!
I think it’s just a matter of respect to refer to Sophie as Sophie and not Rodger.
Amazing!
thank you very much SOPHIA, a big THANKS
+CHIPPY CHOPPY It's people with your mind set that holds back entire countries. Her legacy will last for decades while you are long forgotten
Sophie Wilson is transgender. She is a man that identifies as a woman. She was born as Roger Wilson. So it's not a joke. I have no idea if she had a sex change at some point in her life. Anyway, it doesn't take away from Sophie's accomplishments, which undoubtedly had a lasting impact.
WEIRD.
I bought my Archimedes 3010 purely for its instruction set 🤩
Respectable Salute Mam
***** YES I AM
The most elegant CPU design in history. The only flaw was not using branch-delay slots which yes, are not elegant but neither is the solutions used in later versions. MIPS is a close second and I am very fond of SH2 but ARM uses fewer instructions to complete a task, vital with nested loops.
And PowerPC?
such a freaking genius its scary
The epitome of genius. "MIPs for the masses" will pretty soon be QuIPs for the masses, largely thanks to her.
Curious about the maple leaf, St? On the question of ARTd
Just in case anyone is trying to find the other parts of this interview:
Part 2 - ua-cam.com/video/re5xAqgKqc0/v-deo.html
Part 3 - ua-cam.com/video/QqxThgLTLyk/v-deo.html
Yet another project the UK gave away for other countries to capitalise on.
Sad that most people won't even realized this. They probably associate ARM with Snapdragon and thought Qualcomm designed ARM. Old timer here with a Speccy for my first computer.
legend
Excellent interview. I would recommend using a tripod though, I think that it would add a lot of value to your videos.
This was filmed with my Panasonic GH3 which doesn't have sensor image stabilitation, now I use the Panasonic G9 which has IBIS stabilization with Dual IS 2 so films much smoother handheld but also I often use my Zhiyun Weebill S gimbal stabilizer for even more stability when filming. Sorry about the shakes in this one.
Needs a tripod ARM stabilizer. lol.
nice video
yes you did
big THANKS from iraq
and My BIG honored thanks as well to Sophie Wilson from IRAQ too. This is a true woman !.
Ahmed AlShalchi They are actually not a woman.
@@sakizli7705 Really?
Acorns were the best computer around in the early 90s, lack of software and poor warranty servicing killed them in my school in Australia but they were excellent compared to the competition, faster by many times for rendering graphics. !.
4:20 Olivetti
Sonic's Green Hill Zone??? 8:18
Good catch! 😂
According to a Google talk with the THUMB designer, Sophie's mistaken, it was Nintendo who looked at ARM but the 32bit set was too sparse and would inflate memory costs greatly.
Nokia going with the unproven THUMB forced others to chose it too or risk much worse performance
Genius
Mention of Chris Curry??
MIPS for the Masses
She is one of a great lady of all time
My tablet is arm
"MIPS for the masses" Love that phrase!
Hi, excellent video, but please, in future, either use a tripod or run it through the stabilise function.
Since 2015, I still never use tripods, but now my newer Panasonic G9 films 4K60 with an amazing IBIS sensor stabilization technology, that looks great handheld, and for important videos I also have the amazing Zhiyun Weebill S gimbal to stabilize even more.. Sorry I should have brought a tripod for this interview, I tried to post stabilize using UA-cam's stabilization option (which isn't available anymore) but that looked worse actually..
@@charbax
There's other tools you can use apart from UA-cam.
I struggle to watch this, I get motion sick!
Anyway, hopefully I'm coming across as giving constructive criticism
@@MostlyPennyCat I thought I could just use UA-cam, but it wasn't good, UA-cam even removed that option since (they should bring it back though, and better) and once uploaded I can't re-upload it after processing it elsewhere.
Who controls the past, controls the future: who controls the present, controls the past.
Charbax Can I ask who are you ??
I'm the video guy..
BTW I love you trips to china it's the best and gives me alot of inspiration , I was hoping to own ARM laptop since 2009 and seeing it going mainstream with those genius Chinese delighted me
What is an arm processor?
Acorn R(educed Instruction Set Machine). Reduced Instruction Set Machine condenses also condenses to RISC.
It's the CPU (family) that's most likely driving your phone. Or anyones for that matter.
Its 70's 80's and 90's
I worked on IBM 370 model 185 which 1024 mb ram with various accessories in the mid 1964, an IBM assembler uses R0 to R19 registers with Program Status word.
Acorn/ARM very much copy of IBM mainframe 370, including some of instructions particularly for IPL, initial Program Load for JCL.
It's unlikely. I am sure ARM contains ideas from the IBM 360/370. They are arguably the most influential architectures and implementations of all time. Even so ARM is a RISC machine the 360 is the definition of CISC with the good ( you could create low costs architectures back in the 60s and 70s when gates where expensive for example) and the bad (like problems with super-scalar execution). Back in the 80s with Apple influence and participation the RISC part was included in the name. Notice that one can discus the level of RISCness of the original desing, but we do know it was not built around direct memory access.
Surely this is nonsense. Naming a bunch of registers R[0-15] is hardly 'very much a copy'. And as for the JCL instruction IPL, well do that have to do with the ARM? I'm sure Sophie and Steve drew their inspiration from a bunch of CPUs (6502, 32016, 68k etc) on what TO do and what NOT to do, but I would hazard a guess that not much inspiration was taken from the IBM 370 machine language instruction set.
I guess Sophie Wilson is British Steve Wozniak (or viceversa)
archos!!
What a wonderful woman....What else can you say?
Well, you can say, that's a bloke that is.
Martin D A roger is what else you can say cause it’s not a woman
@@frootube5662 lets kiss
Trans woman and they are not a woman, but trans. Equally valid however. Amazing contribution to the world
I was telling my sister and she said, ''thats a bloke'' I felt so stupid! @@frootube5662
ou know I'm so thick I didn't realise. Seriously. I'm going to edit the comment.@@KitschKiss-pi8wp
THIS IS HISTORIC GAME CHANGER ...SOMETHING NEVER BEEN DONE BEFORE..AND WE ARE LIVING in VERY HISTORIC MOMENT NOW..2020-2021
Really interesting. I wonder how intel is putting x86 back into the mobile world again with the cheap chinese win8.1 tablets
I watched a documentary about ARM chips that used manga characters to represent the people who worked on the ACRON team, and they represent Sophie with a cute anime girl, and I was oh damn I must checkout the real Sophie check... and now I feel I wanna vomit or something ... it's just i was fantasizing about a cute girl who build computers and then this
Come gentlemen, please!
I have been programming in Assembly as well as C etc since the eighties. To be honest, having used and familiar with TI's TMS9900, MCS51, Z80, Z8000 etc I find the instruction set of the ARM processor rather deficient and not too intelligent. If anything, it is marketing and not the intellectual content of this micro, which has won. Even the "lowly" MCS 8051 (according to AMR aficionados) is far superior in the design and choice of architecture. Even now I find that most embedded projects can be developed faster and more elegantly in chips like the Silicon Labs's C8051F120 @ 100 MHz clock. Only some projects which need a lot of flash face a bottleneck, which can be resolved with memory cards etc. No wonder it (ie., MCS8051) just wont go away. Its ability to handle difficult tasks is amazing.
Besides the lack of diversity itself is worrisome.
Z80 and similar are superior? ARM deficient? you mean instructions like LDIR or DJNZ on a Z80? I love the conditional execution flag option on every ARM instruction, do not need to waste cycles with jumps in case of positive or negative status from a comparison, just add the Z or NZ postfix to the instruction. The instructions to push a whole set of registers on the stack are pretty powerfull too, e.g. STMFA sp!, {r0-r12}
So everyone has different preference and tastes, good we have lot's of choice!
*+Andrea* Do you know how many instructions a 32 bit word can encode?
I can push a set of registers on the stack or anywhere else just as easy as pushing with a single instruction. What is better is I have a choice of which registers to save.
The elegance of the bit variables is another thing I like; aliasing, as used by the Arm lacks the beauty.
I actually write embedded code for the nasty machines that whizz by at supersonic speeds for a living. My experience is that the older 8 bit are easier to handle with much less debugging needed. I use Folders routines extensively for floating point work.
It might just be my own experience.Not a universal fact. I grant.
In any case, for me at least, there is no need to go gaga over ARM. I had to learn a whole bag of new tricks to use the ARM. I did not think the gain in processing power was worth the aggravation.
The ARM design was not engineered to be elegant or particularly easy to program in assembler. The intention was to make a high performance CPU/RAM combination which could be produced cheaply. It should give high level language performance similar to hand written assembly on the other CPUs of the era.
At the time they were thinking of home computers which would be programmed in interpreted or compiled by languages. The genius of ARM was in the tiny team who had extraordinary knowledge of how CPUs were actually used and how to reduce implementation complexity and cost.
Azzy M You know that your user case is marginal (important but marginal). Many of those clever ideas affect multitasking or superscalar operation (more often this one). I am not saying that you are wrong, but clearly the 8 bit processors don't have the architecture to handle modern programing or performance in an elegant way. You will need to program a new VM to run on top of the 8 bit architecture if you want to succeed in a reasonable time-frame
Surely Sophie designed the RISCOS. Steve Furber and Andy Hooper designed the ARM. And probably Chris Curry?
....does this guy actually know who he’s even talking to or even what a BBC Micro looks like?
I was thinking the same thing. He didn't recognise the Beeb, didn't really seem to know how significant her achievements have been (or what they were exactly), and didn't know who Herman was.
She took it well though. Could see the look on her face a little though.
personally I think Sophie gets too much recognition in terms of the development of ARM, she left ARM early on to remain at Acorn, a lot of the critical work was done after she left. Refer to talks given by Dave Jagger
She is transgender
And..?
Emily Productions nothing I was celebrating the fact that she is transgender, nothing else.
Based
That's a man baby
Sophie Wilson is transgender. Born Roger Wilson.
@@paulanderson79 Can we please stop mentioning her deadname? She's a woman, she's always been a woman, and the fact that she's trans is just something personal to her story. Her name is Sophie, and there's no reason to mention her status as trans, or her deadname. It's just really, really disrespectful.
@@MxStella I absolutely don't mean to be derogatory or discriminatory, that's not in my nature. I was merely trying to explain it to anyone who was confused. Sophie played a huge pivotal role in the ARM architecture and may not be aware of the circumstances.
@@paulanderson79 ok, that's good. Just please next time keep in mind that it's not very nice to mention someone's status as trans, and derogatory to mention someone's deadname. Unless they explicitly said it's ok. If you want to defend her and be an ally, just say she's a woman, and that what other people think she is doesn't matter. That helps a great deal. Peace
@@MxStella I think we're largely on the same sheet, though not being trans-gender myself I clearly cannot speak for anyone else. I sometimes worry that political correctness can get in the way of common decency and sensibility. It's very possible to be blatantly racist / sexist whilst being blatantly politically correct.
Some people have queried Roger Wilson's absence from acknowledgement in relation to the very interesting story of the Acorn and ARM development. There isn't really any other way to convey the information I conveyed. I could tell them Roger Wilson is dead, but that would be ambiguous and incomplete.
Still, we are where we are, and it's nice to have this discussion with you. Best wishes to you and yours, stay safe, especially through this difficult time.
Male voice