The Birth of China - Farmers of Rice and Millet (7000 BCE - 5000 BCE)
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- Опубліковано 28 вер 2024
- In the second episode of our series examining China's early history, we watch the slow development of China's earliest neolithic communities, charting the emergence of its first agriculturally dependent cultures, along with increasing signs of social complexity and ritual practises.
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#China #History #neolithic
The following music was used for this media project:
Music: Temple Of Heaven by Rafael Krux
(orchestralis.net)
Creative Commons 4.0 License.
Sources for today's episode (in order of appearance):
1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 30-37
2. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 231-235
3. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166 (Kindle Edition)
4. 1. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 125
5. Underhill AP (2013) Introduction: Investigating the Development and Nature of Complex Societies in Ancient China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 5
6. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 141-142
7. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133
8. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 138
9. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 150
10. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129
11. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-151
12. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172-182
13. Wang F (2013) The Houli and Beixin Cultures. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 389-399
14. Shelach G and Teng M (2013) Earlier Neolithic Economic and Social Systems of the Liao River Region, Northeast China. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 39-50
15. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 166-18 (Kindle Edition)
16. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 186-210 (Kindle Edition)
17. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-148
18. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 194-200
19. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 235
20. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 43
21. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-131
22. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 1391
23. Schelach G (2000) The Earliest Neolithic Cultures of Northeast China: Recent Discoveries and New Perspectives on the Beginning of Agriculture, Journal of World Prehistory, 14(4), pp. 401
24. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 129-133
25. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 147-148
26. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 135-139
27. Schiffer MB (1976) Behavioural Archaeology, pp. 30-33
28. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 98-102, 127-152
29. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 42-45, 173-177, 390-392
30. Xiang H et al. (2014) Early Holocene chicken domestication in northern China, PNAS, 11(49), pp. 17564-9
31. Chow BS (1981) The animal remains discovered at Cishan village, Wu’an, Hebei province, Acta Archaeologia Sinica, 3, 339-347
32. Lu H (2009) Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago, PNAS, 106(18), 7367-7372
33. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 133-134
34. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 173-174
35. Barnes GL (2015) Archaeology of East Asia: The Rise of Civilisation in China, Korea and Japan, pp. 183-185
36. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 72-73, 127-128, 166-67
37. Kobayashi T (2003) Jomon Reflections, pp. 85-86.
38. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 127-152
39. Cohen DJ et al. (2017) The emergence of pottery in China: Recent dating of two early pottery cave sites in South China, Quaternary International, pp. 36-48
40. Boaretto E et al. (2009) Radiocarbon dating of charcoal and bone collagen associated with early pottery at Yuchanyan Cave, Hunan Province, China, PNAS 106, 9595-9600
41. Wu X et al. (2012) Early Pottery at 20,000 Years Ago in Xianrendong Cave, China, Science 336, pp. 1696-1700
42. Lu TL-D (2011) Early Pottery in South China, Asian Perspectives 49(1), pp. 1-42
43. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 64-70
44. 20. Xinwei L (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 31-50
45. Liu L (2007) Early Figurations in China: Ideological, Social and Ecological Implications. In Image and Imagination, pp. 271-279
46. Cohen D (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China: A Multiregional View, S273-285
47. Underhill AP (ed.) (2013) A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 41-42, 179-182, 397-398
48. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 144-147
49. Smith BL (2005) Diet, health, and lifestyle in Neolithic North China, Unpublished PhD Thesis.
50. Pilcher HR (2003) Earliest Handwriting Found? Nature
51. Li X et al. (2003) The earliest writing? Sign use in the seventh millennium BC at Jiahu, Henan Province, China, Antiquity, 77(295), 31-44
52. Zhang J et al. (2004) The early development of music. Analysis of the Jiahu bone flutes, Antiquity, 78(302), 769-778
53. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 177
54. Zhang J and Cui Q (2013) The Jiahu Site in the Huai River Area. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 202, 207-209
55. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 152-160
56. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 497-509
57. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 537-554
58. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 766-769, 772-773
59. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 243-244
60. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1
61. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548
62. Zhu Y (2013) The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c.7000-4000 BC. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 172
63. Han J (2012) “The Painted Pottery Road” and Early Sino-Western Cultural Exchanges, ANABASIS. STUDIA CLASSICA ET ORIENTALIA, 3, pp. 27 - Note: The claim by this paper that Baijia’s painted pottery is the earliest in China has been overturned by more recent excavations, see reference no. 60
64. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 500
65. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 154
66. Crawford GW and Shen C (1998) The Origins of Rice Agriculture: Recent Progress in East Asia, Antiquity, 72(278), pp. 862
67. Chen S and Yu PL (2017) Early “Neolithics” of China: Variation and Evolutionary Implications, Journal of Anthropological Research, 73(2), pp. 161-164
68. Cohen DJ (2014) The Neolithic of Southern China. In The Cambridge World Prehistory, pp. 769
69. Underhill AP (1997) Current Issues in Chinese Neolithic Archaeology, Journal of World Prehistory, 11(2), pp. 142
70. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 501
71. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 155-157, 160
72. Jiao (2006) Lun Kuahuqiao wenhua de laiyuan [Discussion on the Origins of the Kuahuqiao Culture]. In Wenwu, ZhejiangshengYanjiusuo, Kaogu (ed.) Zhejiang sheng Wenwu Kaogu Yanjiusuo Xuekan, pp. 372-9
73. Wang J (2021) Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China, PLOS ONE, 16(8), pp. 1-16
74. Jiang L (2013) The Kuahuqiao Site and Culture. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 546-548
75. Cohen DJ (2011) The Beginnings of Agriculture in China -A Multiregional View, Current Anthropology, 52(4), pp. S285
76. Pei A (2013) The Pengtoushan Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley. In A Companion to Chinese Archaeology, pp. 503
77. Mc Govern PE et al. (2004) Fermented beverages of pre- and proto-historic China, PNAS, 101(51), 17593-17598
78. Liu L et al. (2019) The origins of specialized pottery and diverse alcohol fermentation techniques in Early Neolithic China. PNAS Latest Articles, 1-8
79. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 16-17
80. Li F (pp. 17-20) Early China - A Social and Cultural History, pp. 17-21
81. Yin R et al. (2008) Preliminary Study of Prehistoric Human Migration Based on Sr Isotope Analysis from Remains at Jiahu, Quaternary Sciences, 28(1), pp. 50-57
82. Lee RB (1968) What Hunters Do for a Living, or, How to Make Out on Scarce Resources. In Man the Hunter, pp. 30-48
83. Boserup E (1965) The Conditions of Agricultural Growth - The Economics of Agrarian Change
under Population Pressure.
84. Scarre C (2018) The Human Past, pp. 183-185
85. Binford L (1968) Post Pleistocene Adaptations. In New Perspectives in Archaeology, pp. 313-42
86. Liu L and Chen X (2013) The Archaeology of China, pp. 182-183
87. Li X (2008) Development of Social Complexity in the Liaoxi Area, Northeast China, pp. 117-131
TY for always putting out videos I can actually relax & enjoy, without wondering how much of what I'm watching is BS 😅
Shang dynasty was founded by kemetic afrakans
Thanks for putting In the work to produce this for us to enjoy. Great stuff! Subscribed!
The be "scholarly" this would benefit from timestamps; either of all citations, or first citation. Nonetheless this is better citation than nearly all UA-cam history videos.
Thank you for all the incredible work you put into your documentaries! And thank you for your comprehensive list of citations. Really gives us reading material.
Minor correction folks, I mistakenly say at 0:46 that the woman was holding the bone of a stork. As noted elsewhere this would actually have been the bone of a crane, apologies for the mistake.
Hope more people see this. It's always appreciated when creators acknowledge their mistakes and provide corrections, especially in the historical/education space. Thank you.
Appreciate the updates
Your apologies accepted.
Another mistake, it should be Beifudi, not Beifuidi
Commenting for the algorithm, as this one is seriously underrated and the next episode comes out this week
Ancestor: *invents tilling fields*
Ancestors ankles: "excuse me wtf"
Or ancestor's?
Yea that what he said...@BigSnipp
I think that the “curse” that agriculture brought onto humanity(social classes, organized labor, land ownership, famine, pandemics, patriarchy, etc.), is what the Bible is talking about when it tells the story of Adam and Eve being cursed after eating the forbidden fruit. Maybe the forbidden fruit was the first domesticated plant variety.
@@RealVedicAstrology🤦
patriarchy is still superior to matriarchy.@@RealVedicAstrology
I always wondered how much the distant folk memory of these ancient cultures influenced the much later dynastic historians' accounts of the Xia Dynasty and Five Divine Emperors. Also, the music in this episode is particularly lovely, really sets the scene of Neolithic asia.
O yes very nice music and beautiful drawings
This is traditional Chinese rural music, mainly composed of 笛/flute, 萧/Xiao, 埙/Xun. I have been thinking about when there will be fanatical Korean and Japanese nationalists who claim to have created these things.
Fantastic content. As a Chinese, I actually think that all human beings have one ancestor.
Science agrees with you, she was African
As a Spanish, that's beyond reasonable doubt
Adam and Eve@@victorperezurbano9504
every living thing on earth have one ancestor.
Adam and Eve@@victorperezurbano9504
48:50 it could be plague that kept life expectancy low in sedentary cultures. Besides faster transmission, they were living closely with their livestock often in the same structures. I'm guessing most acute respiratory diseases wouldn't leave any evidence in skeletal remains, either.
I have been waiting eagerly for this since finishing the first episode when it came out last year. Thank you so much for this! Appreciate all your effort ❤
Your videos are amazing. I always get excited when I see an upload. I legit watch them over and over 😅
Ich habe mich sehr auf die Fortsetzung dieser wunderbaren Reihe gefreut, ich werde sie verschlingen. Grüße aus Brasilien 🇧🇷🇧🇷
Ja wohl
This is absolutely superb. Please, continue to do more historical videos such as this
Yes happy to see an upload! Thanks to all involved.
Thank you for your work. You have a great sense of what makes a video like this good.
Dude this is awesome I've been waiting for this
Love China content. Really looking forward to your next Druid video.
I was lucky to be able to visit the Henan Museum, which displays many of the Jiahu site artifacts, including a flute made from a cranes upper arm bone and some of the earliest Chinese characters (though not yet writing) on turtle plastrons, the flat portion of shell.
所以可以确定音乐的起源比文字更早，来自贾湖的骨笛和刻符的惊人的发现。
Yes!
Been waiting for this one, so thank you Histocrat!
Comma Histocrat.
Tava precisando dum vídeo seu pra ficar feliz
As an enjoyer of rice and millet, i cant see anything else as a bigger win
Another video to add to my constant re watch list
You my friend never disappoint
I can't wait another 8 months for the next video, I'm so excited!
Have been reading up on the beginning of agriculture in China...Great to see a documentary on this period
Fascinating and informative to say the least ❤ loved the this!
How was researching it effected by language barrier (unless you speak chinese). Is their much translated into english? Looking foward to watching the video ,keep up the good work
Very good information. Thanks you for sharing. I learned a lot about China.
Another great video.❤
I found you by accident but based on the algorithm, I was bound to find you, sooner or later. Thank you
My GOD HISTOCRAT DROPPED!!
In India there is state called Arunachal Pradesh where cultivataion of millets was an indiginious practice since early generation but now it is slowly declining and less popular. Now it is high time to encourage millet cultivation and revolutinized.
you have an excellent speaking voice
Ahh, I remember when these events happened. I was much younger then
Queen Elizabeth, is you texting from the grave?
We had such better music back then!
As a Taoist I agree with the slow trap hypothesis, with hunters being seduced by carbohydrates and crafts.
The art is superb. Who is the author. Is there link to this artist?
Check the description, it has two links
1:52 why doenst the neanderthal join in with some mozart from europe for the nice modern restaurant style chinese music
♥
ok mom?? wowowowowow wow. so hot only @arianagrande . please thx love
I see new histocrat video, i press like
I think what drove early farming more than anything was beer. I don't think anything else would make the extra work and lower overall quality of life worth it.
You forgot about opium.. And food in general. We're definitely all addicted to staying alive😅
What is bearable and comfortable is entirely relative to our previous experiences, what would be considered hellish for us could be normal for them and what we take for granted could be rare luxuries that would be cherished memories. The people of the future will probably look back to our time and wonder how we endured and didn't just off ourselves from the strain, just like we view our past.
Different Chinese history as British is that vast land of China is playing ground of archeology discovery, series "cultures" unearthed one after another along the millenniums.
THEY’RE BACK
That was fascinating!! I've got an idea about why farming became a thing, alas, I'm not an academic..
Does anyone know if there is any way to get ahold of map he was using? I’m trying to start a dnd campaign that runs through the Stone Age to the modern era and I need maps to go with the info I have from these videos🙏🏼🙏🏼
Millet, Idiomes Tourque, Ça Veut Dire, Nations. China, Ce Sont Originaire,Peupladé La Familles Tourque Touranienne, Voila La Familles,Et Millet Tourque Touranienne, Tartares, Scyhtes, Sarmates, Mançour, Tounguz, Huns,Kore, Birman, Siam, Laos, Khmer, Nepal, Tibet, Assam, Bhutan, Dravidienne, Indus, Bengal, Malez.Caucase, Ougro Finnos, Lapon,Etc. Ce Peupladé Ce Sont Montagnaire, Et Amazonienne, Parenté Peuplade Amerique L'indien. Peupladé Tourque Touranienne, Ce Sont Parenté Et Mix.Merci Beaucoup.
The first rice found in the Gangetic valley came from a Chinese variety long before 7000 bc.
And the voice goes up at the end of SENTENCES
These are soooooo good!!!!!
Thank you
I love Chinese ppl, culture, Creed and food.
The only thing that makes me really upset is that even these days they r still eating dogs.
But this new generations r changing it by saying no more eating dogs.
Im with them.
Anyway... Thats interesting how they have kept their culture and costumes to these days...
Awesome. I live learning about other cultures.
Xo
Mainly in some parts of China
Why their are so many history about China as todays
When did they acquire the Mandate of Heaven though
Sarah Allan claims the Mandate’s precursor can be traced to the Zhou plotting to overthrow the Shang based on a prehistoric supernova, as a sign from the ancestors.
Damn I needed this
Millet is op seed. On my grandpas land his friend or someone idk who grows millet and sometimes after harvest he doesnt even sow more seeds and it still grows
I wonder how much the knowledge of early East Asian prehistory will be changed when the Chinese government allows open access to remains. Right now we only have their interpretations.
This is true I was there
This reminds me since we’re on oriental topics. How about a Mythillogical about ninjas or something like that?
Where did you get that music which was played on the start
Animals hunting activities could not sustain the human being's survival. Thus man found out that plant is a very important food for their living.
❤❤
✋✋ Philippines
I keep expecting a wacky cryptid to enter the narrative at some point.
The body can't be that old, Paleolithic & Neolithic Era's didn't have pottery.
插图是错误的，猪被圈养驯化是很晚发生的事
SsethTzeentach was right. The ingredients to form the Chinamen are rice and water.
You showed a Jomon hut but I thought Jomon are Japanese not Chinese
I've been going into withdrawal, no Histocrat in months!
♥️
Amazing what happens when our civilization falls, we all do the same things,start from scratch.
Welcome to the rice field
Well, I am convinced that grains are superior in a couple of very important ways. Hunting and gathering is feast or famine of healthy, but not so tasty food.
Grains can be easily dried and stored providing a regular food source.
Grains taste great, easier to process, easier to chew, especially if you don’t have teeth.
I’m pre diabetic and I really miss living primarily on grains. I’m also loosing weight. Carbs build fat stores. Protein and fat require ketone metabolism and I like carbs much more.
According to evolution the homo sapiens originated from africa, how did they evolve in caucasians and orientals
Opening music-for your China video-is a modern shakuhachi.
They never had condoms
please do on the concept of Chinese ness and how did the concept of Chinese developed
it was an alliance of tribes that fought against the miao. the ones that defeated chi you are the chinese.
@@azuaraikrezeul1677 I don't get it ?meaning
China is ancient
Gonzalez Timothy Davis George Martinez Matthew
👍
RIP
Lol he talking about what he said in his last video...
And here's my dumb@$$ thinkin "what does the birth of china have to do with farie mythos?"
6:40 whoa, warmer and wetter than today? without fossil fuel carbon emissions? sounds like someone here is denying climate change!
Amazon robots domesticated rice. The Jiu Li, Xia, and Speckles the Tarbosaurus fought for domination around the Yellow River valley.
so one day these people woke up chinese
Genetics & intermarriage within their own tribes.
Northern Han from eastern dawenkou ancestors are real,Southerners orignated in Kra-dai Baiyue people which harvest rice
YASSS THE REAL CHINESE WERE BLACK! PRIASE IT BROTHA!
BBC..
You lost me when you said the chinese eat dogs
Propaganda
I watched the whole thing
Man, I wanted to hear this but cannot listen to you trying to cram an extra syllable after BC every other minute
Next do the birth of the united states,35 000 b.c
Sad what China turned into from all this
Fasting growing economy in the history of humanity. They just built a space station on their own. stop being brainwashed by fox and CNN
7000 bc the people in the china area would have be Africans looking
It is really funny to see westerners fantasizing Chinese history! It is so westernized!
I hate modern academia, not understanding what the neolithic revolution means, yes It took 1000 of years but it still revolutionized the way we lived. Read Gordon Childe for god sakes!
If you paid attention to the previous vid, you would know that significant theories of Childe are no longer part of anthropology & archeology consensus.
The "concept" of the "Central Nation" originated from the North West. The farmers in the North West destroyed their own ecosystem and created what is now known as the Loess Plateau (a man made desert because of excessive farming activities and deforestation). They started to become highly aggressive and conquered the central and southern East Asia. Contrary to common beliefs, the concept of the "Central Nation" has always been ambiguous. East Asia was pretty much like Europe. People still speak their own dialects (languages) in different parts of China. In fact, northerners cannot understand southern languages AT ALL. The differences between these dialects (languages) are much bigger than the differences between Portuguese and Spanish. Portuguese speakers can somehow understand Spanish. Mandarin speakers cannot understand Cantonese at all, even though they use very similar written Chinese. When the Roman Empire conquered many European nations, most part of Europe could be called "Roman". Maybe one day China and the US will turn into Europe with many smaller nations. Who knows.
Your videos are boring. Make your next video with animated Blender models.
🎃--{GYNAHH!!!)
Ancient Native American history and ancient Chinese history have always been fascinations of mine that aren’t typically covered. This is perfect for me
I just finished the book 1491: Americas Before Columbus. It's so amazing to me that basically no one knows about the massive societies that existed in South and North America. The book provides evidence that there were millions of people living in communities in the Americas. At least in US schools, we really only learned about the Native American Tribes, Columbus, and the Spanish. The culture and people that lived here are basically unknown to most people living here now.
@@ScorpionXXXVII Maybe it's the history program at my school, but I learned a LOT about ancient America in my history classes in high school?? I can remember that the Olmec, Toltec, Maya, Aztec/Mexica, Norte Chico, Moche, Inca, Zapotec, Choco, Mississippian, Ancestral Pueblo (known then as Anasazi), Quechua, and I'm sure a number of others I've forgotten were mentioned, if not studied in-depth. It seems pretty well-known that Pre-Columbian America supported large cultures, I even remember reading that Tenochtitlán was among the largest cities in the world by population in the 1500s.
I'm really sorry the school system failed you in this way :( But I'm glad we have cool people like you who enjoy learning about indigenous history!
China was colonized just like America and 93 other countries. There are over 40 Million indigenous people in China today. India has 100 Million Indigenous.
@@daveretiredbkk4701 the han are the indigenous though
@@ScorpionXXXVII what's the title??
Babe wake up we HAVE to watch this immediately
Literally me shaking my wife awake this morning to show her Ettore's artwork featured in this video.
6 hours ago Luke died a horrible death, his crime was waking up his wife to watch a video.... we shall mourn his passing.
@@augustoch.7341the art is amazing!
Why is everyone's gf always sleeping 😅
@@JacobthejewelaThey be hibernating creatures lad.
I love when less covered eras get detailed videos. Thank you 🙏
Me too! There are endless stories to tell. I know the major historical events and Empires get the most attention, but these small stories and details are needed. Always love to learn new things.
So many stories about Europe, even as a European you're done with it at some point. This was extremely interesting!
We hear so much about the cradle of civilization in mesopotamia, but I know remarkably little about the origins of the Chinese civilizations. I must admit, I sort of lump Chinese history into pre-Mao and post-Mao, and despite the time scale, I know about the same about both.
Hey, I'm not sure if you have read it, but the book Farmers of Forty Centuries by F. H. King is a must read. In 1900, the author, a British Agriculturalist, traveled China, Japan and Korea. One of his notes is how farmers harvested ripe grains by pulling the plant from the soil. They'd rinse, cut off and dry the root ball. This explains many points about farming. One, lack of grain harvesting tools. They just used a knife, not a scythe or sickle. No roots in soil meant less need to till the soil. And the roots were used for cooking fuel. Fast and hot, which is believed to be a reason wok cooking became prominent. I recommend the Dover Publications version as it has many of his original photos.
Interesting, thank you.
@@HansWurst1569I agree 💯
Removing the roots reduces soil carbon and mineral nutrients (latter return if their ashes are mixed with compost & used to fertilize the soil)
As a farmer from India who cultivated both wheat and rice
I can confirm that you can't use a scythe in paddy fields it will result in loss of grain
@@charleshash4919 the river will bring more nutrients regardless so it's fine.
0:51 those amazing early flutes were made of crane shinbone, not stork. It is significant, because the crane was probably an important totem, traces of which survive to this day in a specific affinity between cranes and Confucian scholars.
Pit dwellers
@marshalmarrs3269 鶴舞?
@marshalmarrs3269 幸福的小船/A happy little boat, The BGM of the TV drama "风再起时/When the Wind Rises Again"，Player: 马上又/MA SHANG YOU
The Druids' main bag where they carried their most import items is called a "Crane Bag" because it was originally made from Crane skin.
22:10 I think it's funny how childrens toys don't seem to exist in the minds of many archaeologists.
I remember when they found a house that was filled with small clay figurines of all sorts, typical archeologists, they immediately thought it was some sacred ritual place to sacrifice whatever the figurine represented.
Later when someone looked at the figurines under a microscope, they noticed that the fingerprints on them were particularly small, child sized... they had discovered a neolithic kindergarten 🤦🏻
Grangran was making clay figures with the kids while the mums and dads went hunting and foraging.
Kids have been playing with action figures for millennia
entertainment was mentioned which is a catch all term but I do agree archaeologists have biases in the way they interpret data.
@@chubbydinosaur9148 what the hell that’s actually so sweet.
I'm not even that interested in Chinese history, yet here I am learning about its pre-history. Amazing channel.