Crossover Capacitor replacement recap and analysis Klipsch Heritage Academy
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- Опубліковано 9 вер 2024
- Ricky recaps crossovers out of 2 Klipsch Academy center channel speakers and takes an analytical look at the differences between the rebuilt versions and the original crossover.
I realize this is a 5yo video, one thing to emphasize is equal measurements do not always relate to equal sound quality with same values in a passive Xover. I have known and worked with Crites for many years and I will assure everyone Michael absolutely knows this. He was literally forced to offer cheap electrolytic caps to satisfy the “purist” in the Klipsch community to stay true to the original sound. PWK would not want the parent company using the cheapest parts available for his networks yet there is a big market for them. Thanks for a great video 5 years later lol !!
I worked for 23 years testing passive components ie capacitors coils, transformers, resistors for a military and comercial avaition radio suplier. I also have worked with crossovers as a hobbie. The only parameters I concern myself with is capacitance. I use Solen, and Sonocaps wherever possible because I have heard the difference. The ESR is low and I will add capacitors in parallel to not only match left and right crossovers but to get the value that I want within 1/2%. Making sure to do the same to left and right crossovers. The difference is in the sound, not the measurements as long as they measure the same. the the sound comes from the way the capacirors are made and the lead material. I always test the leads with a magnet to see if they are copper clad steel (any ferris metal in the signal path is bad for sound quality). Any ferris metal surrounding the wire can also affect sound quality. I try to use copper for wire and brass for hardware were ever possible. I have also used a low value film capacitor to bypas electrolytics in the signal path and on power supplies in older amps, preamps, CD players, etc.
Thanks for the benefit of your experience, I don't have the experience you do but I recall having to match components for high power mil equipment we sold on license to uncle Sam. It was astonishing the amount of legislative controls in place for single components.
I know this is almost a year old but I work with a well known speaker company and I just wanted to say THANK YOU! Always appreciate confirmation with respect to actual sound quality of various components in a passive Xover. Identical measurements do not always equal identical sound and rarely do with higher quality components
In crossovers I use mkpa , in the power supply I haven’t used it, will try. Good input, thanks
Thank you for sharing this very informative video! It convinced me to replace all the unbranded tiny electrolytic caps inside my Yamahas ns-555. I ordered Dayton’s from parts express.
Really informative thank you very much for the upload!
Hi ! I agree with you that changing resistors doesn't elevate the quality much over changing capacitors and inductors. Very nice video! Thanks!
Cool video, closer tolerances or better "measurements" do not make better sound , so I would focus on using quality audio grade parts and listening tests to describe differences in sound signature....
Solen on tweeter sounded bright and harsh, Daytons are similiar little less bright , SonicCap I have never used or heard.... lower value caps on the tweeter are often critical and best sounding ones should be used there...spend from 15 to 50usd on nice tweeter cap than you are ok with cheaper Daytons on the mids and lows...
Mills are nice resistors , little too bright but very good sounding.
Inductors as long as air core 16ga and thicker are fine .....
great information as the Crites options are VERY expensive as you say and may or may not be a good option for people.
also good information as the stock caps were say 5-10% off but after that many years not too bad. I have a pair of KLF20 and KG3.5 that could probably use some upgrade love. Simply to smooth out the sound and bring it back to original
Hello sir great video I must say,,,, 👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍 you should do more,,,,,,
Audyn Q4 put in my old Realistic Mach One 4024A's. Smooth crisp response now verses the harsh ones fromf 1978.
Us components are not cheap.🇩🇪
The signal generator is probably fine but it has 50Ω lab standard output impedance. Overloading it with a low impedance application (8Ω loaded passive crossovers) signal loss certainly happens. Noise can creep in, THD shoots up. Connecting the gen to an audio amplifier and the crossovers on its outputs should solve that. Home theater receivers can provide more independent channels for your real-time four waves comparisons.
Ricky, It seems you are quite experienced with crossover caps. What do you think about an idea to use Dayton foil polypropylene caps to bypass regular Dayton polypropylene caps? Like 10-20% of foil and 90-80% of metalized polypropylene. Have you ever tried such a combo? What would be the optimal ratio?
In my speakers I had good results with replacing the crossover with just a capacitor. The base driver is 8 ohm, and the tweeter is 4 og 6 ohm, dont remember, so the low frequencies will go through base and the high will go though the tweeter in a natural way, without the use of distorting coils. In my experience it sounds fantastic. Have now purchased a pair of LS50 (not yet delivered), and if possible I will try to do the same in them, when I get them.
No way you have flat response w/o coils to taper the top end response of wood/mid unless you used different drivers. Glad it sounds good to you but an A/B comparison would likely reveal serious issues
@@barneyrubble4827 The response is not flat, but flat response is only one of very many distortions in a loudspeaker, also a flat resonse can be achiebed by for ecample eq in dac
Does bipolar orientation help on crossovers? I heard having the outer film orientated to the negitive terminal helps reduce distortion/interference. Thabks for sharing you experience!
Good day to Ricky Talks Shop.... I have 2 Energy Connoisseur C-8 crossovers and I'm about to replicate them but my concern is the coiling thickness and winding count...... they cost $250 US each and wow do they sound just wonderful. i love them, installed them on my homemade towers (49"high X 9" wide X 13" deep) with 4 Hifi 6" mid-bass 40 watts at 2ohm x4 =8ohms) and a 4 ohm 6" subwoofer isolated and radiated in the towers for lows, i get 35hz from these babes wow! ok I'm excited so about the coils any input please and thanks.
I know this is old , but I'm looking at upgrading my KG4 is there a list you can point too for parts list ?
Would there be any benefit to installing the components on a PCB? Tools such as KiCADcan be used to design PCBs pretty easily and PCBs can be made quickly and cheaply (e.g., by PCBWay). The fact that Crites, ALK, etc are build their networks on wooden bases makes me think there must be a reason. I'd like to understand why.
Ricky I have a set of '87 Klipsch Cornwalls II (square binding box) looking for advice for rebuilding or new crossovers all drivers are original. Thanks for any help.
I have only just started to look into this for the simple reason that something inside my dj speakers was rolling around so I looked inside and one of the resistors had fallen off so I attempted to solder it back on. The speakers sound was not as good as it used to be and I will see what they sound like now I put it back on but was looking for what it actually did on the crossover, ofc I am not going to replace anything since I can not afford it but its nice to learn new things. Its was a good video but I think it would have been handy to know what effect they had on the sound by actually hearing it rather than looking.
My Horns on my R-26 F 's dont work anymore. Tested them individually with another receiver and they work. I'm thinking my something blew on the circuit board. Any help?
What product do you use to hold the capacitors down to your board?
The best video i seen on crossover now i know. really dont know much. What about pre made crossover for 3 way speakers home stereo set up. HIVI 3.1 a bookshelf ?
Can you tell me what gauge you use for the tweeter and woofer coils in a 2-way, thanks.
Any chance you could advise me on how to build a better crossover for 1986 Cornwall II??? It’s bone stock .
Hi Ricky! As a specialist that you are in the Klipsch brand I would like you to give me your opinion about the Heregy III, I bought them a month ago and it seems to me that they are very directional, otherwise I like their sound.
Greetings from Spain
I am looking replacing Caps in my crossovers , the existing ones are 12uFand 4.7uF , the existing ones are labled 50V , I have only seen 100V + caps for sale, does the Voltage matter ?
50V is the rated power the capacitor can handle. Getting one with the same capacitance that you need albeit with a rating for 100V will be fine. That just means the capacitor can be installed in a circuit of up to 100V and still work as it should. Just make sure you are getting polarized or non-polarized as your circuit requires.
do you have a complete parts list for that Dayton setup?
I have a Klipsch KGSW LE passive subwoofer I Purchased probably in 1990 new I was 20 a the time.The manufacture date is 1989. My question is their is two large capacitors with T.I 150v 270uf any suggestions on a new capacitor to replace it with?
The Dayton Audio Grade 10 W ceramic resistors are inductive.
Did you misspeak when you called them non inductive?
We can agree that the Mills resistors are non inductive, and expensive.
I have measured the inductance of Dayton 2 and 3 ohm resistors, and it is very low.
I would say negligable, and so I use them, like Henry Kloss did in the Advent speakers.
Using 200V DC capacitors in the audio signal path? Shouldn't they read 200VAC? What am I missing here :)
I was looking for this. Great video! Thanks for posting. Do you have a web page ? Wonder if you can help, I’m trying to change my whole circuit board on my JBL E50 Northbridge speakers.
Hi Ricky. I have a jbl 4430 studio monitor. What's the best quality capacitors to be used in? Thanks
Love the JBL monitors! My dad had a set of 4312s back in the 80s. I've been really pleased with the standard Dayton Audio caps.
Hey, can you suggest a capacitor brand for JBL ?
I don't get if you value the quality of the sound why hte measurements have such a big effect on your choice. Sure, close to spec and consistency is important but in two equally measuring caps, the quality of the sound is more important? Seriously, try a copper cap and compare, even if it measures at 5% compared to your dayton 2% against spec.
Hey Ricky, thanks for making this video! I need some advice. I just picked up a pair of original (walnut?) 70s La Scalas with the metal drivers on the horns (so first gen). They are 100% never been monkeyed with which means those ancient paper in oil caps in the crossovers have got to go!
I’m thinking about going two routes. One is to rebuild the existing crossover circuit as it stands, replacing parts with their audiophile grade equivalents, like the nice Litz wire coils (Solen?) you have in the video and the high end Dayton or Solen caps. I would expect that by keeping circuit design of the 70s Klipsch engineers with the best parts, it would maximizing the performance of the original design but keep some of its inherent quirks.
Now, there’s a different guy who charges a lot of money for his crossovers and, him being a retired double-E, makes a good case for an entire redesign of the circuit. It is true that 70s engineers were very commercially minded and would often cheat to save a few bucks here or there; economies of scale being what they are. So he seems to present a money-is-much-less-of-an-object attitude and a philosophy that he’ll redesign the entire thing to a more idealistic specification, made easier today because it’s far easier and cheaper to get tight tolerance, very well made parts.
So now for the Advice! I’ve never heard La Scalas that are fully but faithfully restored and cannot speak to how linear and natural their original response sounds. Can you help me form a better understanding of what these speakers will sound like with one design versus the other? Can you point me toward online resources? I’m used to the cantankerous forum rantings of the dedicated, lead solder breathing cranks out there. Just hoping to save myself some time and a lot of evaluation regarding the best, ah... signal-to-noise ratio is for educated opinions and reliable information on the topic! ;-)
I have s pair of chorus speakers,what would I have to do lower the bass frequency from 45 down to 35 .? Bigger resistance coils.
Thanks for watching. Do you mean to change the crossover frequency between the low and mid driver? Or to get more overall low end out of your Choruses? Personally I wouldn't recommend doing much with the croasover frequencies. The Engineers at Klipsch know what they are doing. To get more overall low end, think about what you are after. Lower frequency response? More "thump"? You can safely expirament with stuffing the speaker with acoustic batting from Parts Express or lining the inside of the cabinet with acoustic foam. I have had both good and bad results with either option.
@@rickytalksshop8538 hi Ricky. I experimented with the ports and put 2 -9" DIY cardboard tubes in they boxes, that really helped the bass response out.
Thanks. art source couldn't help.
I have a problem of volume cliping with my guitar processesor somebody told me that it's a circuit crossover issues ..so came here to check what the thing actually is..
Thanks for watching! Hopefully there was some good info here for you.
I need to replace heresy hwo caps badly 1982. Parts express for 4x 4 microfarad ones 3$! I experimenting now with 8uF cap on mid on one and running woofer full range. And I'm like wow 12" woofer hits high notes beautifully!
I'm cap obsessed, hacksawing them apart and collecting them. Wondering if polar caps would work. Blue ones?
Oh oddly seeing type 1 heresy crossover diagram the pos and neg are reversed on outputs!!!! Haha why???? Phasing?
Oh and I got some fisher 12 floor speakers I put in old 3 cu ft endtables and put wood flooring inside box w caulking glue and 1x1" braces like 8 per box and 2 2x4" braces also! Omg bass hits so nice. Silent vs no braces weird like bad power supply gives more bass haha.
Fun nerding out on caps this is great!
Yeah I flip yard sales stuff and have flipped 70 speakers plus and kept heresys over cerwin Vegas even.
Now I want to restore them and maybe sell for 1k if lucky haha never know. They are the best everyday speakers low volume. Had 225x2wrms hooked to them they need 10w haha 55 max
My fishcer endtables bump with no watts almost, must be hitting less than 30hz? Hear it like 30 feet away at pinch of volume but it is not annoying like bose or 90% speakers. Well mood speakers. Fischer to bump and klipsch everyday!
I like cubby caps.
Hi my klipsch r28-f sounds really bad and harsh. I had to lower everything over 2k hz on my eq -6db to save my ears. Can it be something going on with the crossover or is tweeter blown ? How to check ?
Yes I’ve heard some Klipsch speakers which would surprise me if anyone liked.
@@dr.anthonyforgione4253 actually they didnt match well with my yamaha receiver. Paired them with marantz and an Emotiva amp now they sound awsome
Hey @Ricky talks shop I want to know your honest opinion about upgrading. How did it sound after you upgraded? Is it really worth it? Thanks love the videos keep it up .
Ricky I got taken on 4 each RF35 & both pairs have bad crossovers. 🤬🤬
I can’t find any help to repair them. Can you help???
Where are you located?
What type wire did you use? Is it something that could be picked up at hardware store?
If you're a Klipsch guy you must know they couldn't design a decent crossover if their lives depended on it. Parts replacement alone is not enough.
i have a weird question for you ricky... do you drink lots of soda or energy drinks?
How do they sound?
spend some money and buy a quality cap and hear the difference i.e. Clarity, Mundorf, Audyn. Dayton are OK in a shunt position but get under my skin and a headache when in a series position. Lots of white noise.
Shouldn't you test the crossovers with more power? Does power affect the responce? I'd like to understand it better because with my speakers everything goes well within low volume,but when I turn it a bit louder the sound tends to change for the worst..
Can replacing caps have a positive impact on dynamics of a speaker?
Of course!!!
Can somebody Please Tear down the Mundorf Silver cap & Show us all whether Mundorf Silver cap is really using Pure Silver Foil inside. Is it real or Fake ? Video Please..
Thanks for the informative video Do you sell upgraded parts or modified parts for the Klipsch Forte 3 crossover. Thank you so much.
GR Research does the Fortes I think.
The most informative information was that caps, even new caps, need to be checked to see what’s out of spec. You could have demonstrated that in with a 2 or 3 minute video. I was hoping this would be more of an instructional video showing how to use your meter to test, and or how to you go about actually replacing a capacitor. I though the scope part would have been more informative if you explained how you were seeing distortion on the scope screen. Each screen looked basically the same from my perspective but you could tell instantly they were not.
Thanks for the feedback. I’m not really that happy with this video myself… I spent too much time on things that don’t really matter and didn’t explain enough of what does. I’m not a pro UA-camr and making these videos is certainly a learning process for what does and doesn’t work. I’m planning a remake of this one and I will try and incorporate some of these ideas.
@@rickytalksshop8538 awesome, thanks! I think that you must be really quite knowledgeable on this subject. I’d just like to learn more from you as I try and learn more about how to test and replace capacitors when needed. I’m sure there are videos specific to using a scope. But I think your knowledge on how to read it in the context specific to crossovers would be beneficial to many enthusiasts. There doesn’t seem to be a lot of good videos about speaker crossovers on UA-cam from people as knowledgeable as yourself. Thanks for listening and for your time in making informative videos.
@@rickytalksshop8538 HI Mr. 👋 Happy new year to you! Mr. One question, please.. You use begginer Dayton Audio DMPC caps, but top Dayton Audio capacitors PMPC... How strongly Dayton Audio PMPC inferior to white SoniCaps?Thank you very much!
Dayton Audio Caps!! 👍
Hi I have klipsch chorus speakers,there are 2 j2 250 volt caps.i can get 2.2 uf 630 volt nondof caps,will the difference in volts make a difference in performance?
It can, but may not. Larger voltage caps can have larger charge/discharge times than lower voltage of the same value, especially if you go from a poly to an electrolytic type cap. Also a 650V cap is going to be unnecessarily large for the application. For a small value like 2.2uf I would recommend Dayton caps which are rather affordable from Parts Express.
No Paul, it wont make any difference apart from the cap size, that's the breakdown voltage and the cap discharge time depends on the source of voltage (your amp).
"nondof", do you mean Mondorf? If so, use them by all means, Mondorf have an outstanding reputation! I also have ChorusII's and replaced the 2.2uf (tweeter circuit) caps with 2uf teflon NASA surplus. The improvement was dramatic! The soviet surplus K73-16 capacitor is worth considering, but haven't tried them myself. The general rule with capacitor voltage rating is that you can replace with a higher rating, but never a lower one (see Dorian Valadez' reply below).
Please do a sound demo
What would be the symptoms of crossover caps needing replacement?
Working on a new video about that. Stay tuned.
one symptom is a popping noise when you get the volume up to about 60 percent or more
Do you have a crossover redo for the Hersey III?
If you change the coils you need to make sure resistance in these new coils are exactly the same. Otherwise you'll change the frequency response in your filter outside spec. Caps and resistors are no problem
I change my caps film Solen and listen to it for about 20 hours and it sounded so different, not the sound that I prefer. I ended up changing it back to the cheap electrolytics.
Hey Ricky, I have a set of 4.2 with original everything. I would love to give them new life. Any idea where to look for a shop for this sort of thing?
Where are you located?
5:15 electrolyte?
Can you tell what difference of sound you had after the recap and how many percent they are better?
It's difficult. My impression is that the speaker is more articulate and accurate... It is better to go off of objective data rather than impressions though and my hearing and tastes may be different than yours. Also there is a psychological factor. When we spend money on new capacitors we want them to sound "better" so it is easy for our minds to fool our ears. That's the purpose of putting these on the scope. It converts an audio wave into a visible format. We can watch and see that there are notable differences between them.
Ricky Talks Shop Thank you for pointing this out. There’s a tendency for many to resort to “magical thinking” when it comes to audio, particularly with people that have little experience in electronics. I don’t mean that to be harsh, but the more you learn about electronics, the more you realize that one capacitor isn’t better than another because it’s expensive or uses exotic materials. If they test the same, they sound the same. Your point about the psychological impact on all this mirrors my own experiences and thinking. Most of the claims by audio enthusiasts that components (cables, caps, etc.) sound better is because people hear what they want to hear. Unfortunately, these opinions are rarely confirmed by testing or double-blind studies. Thanks for being a voice of reason. It’s nice to know I’m not alone in promoting a sensible approach to recapping and sound quality.
@@FluxCondenser
Thank you for the dissertation. In the case of the video, he may or not be able to hear a significant difference after recapping. In some cases, and often for me when recapping 40+ year old speakers, they always sound extremely and obviously better. The question wasnt about hearing the magic of higher quality parts. To answer the original poster for anyone coming along in the future, I can always tell the difference after recapping out of spec and 40+ year old caps often using the best but cheaper parts
@@russmangus You’re clearly confused. My comment wasn’t directed to the question you refer to, but as I clearly stated, to the creator of the video and their response to that question.
@@FluxCondenser
Opinions have nothing to do with truth or fact. Opinions are individual perceptions based on individual levels of intellect and emotional exaggeration of self be it in the positive or negative. Everybody has this window to Fantasy, sin, lies, illusion, and delusion. It is called the Ego! The Ego greatly limits and distorts an individual’s perception of reality. Perception then becomes that individual’s reality. The Ego knows not the difference between right and wrong nor does it care. The Ego accepts lies as the truth and denies the truth as it is being spoken. The Ego is a liar that makes it’s own truth. The Ego is the a-hole that created the opinion. The Ego entitles itself to it’s own opinion. It is the day and night dreamer pretender. It always pretends to be right, but is always wrong. The Ego loves to win and hates to lose. The Ego pretends to win as it loses. For shame as the Ego has none. It doesn’t have the humility to accept defeat or when it is wrong. The Ego is the ultimate sin for it is the sinner in us all! The Ego is a lie and illusion that span infinity itself. The Ego pretends it is better than others. The Ego is a quick and shallow judge. The Ego gives itself the power to judge all including God! There is the positive and negative doorways of the Ego. The doorway right in the middle void of Ego is the doorway to truth, humility, and understanding. Humility is the doorway to God from within. Those who cannot separate from their Ego reaching the doorway to humility, truth, and understanding are in fact crazy! The Ego sees the truth as crazy, but it is the Ego that is in fact crazy. The Ego is denial of reality as a whole.
Efficiency is directly related to distortion and accuracy. The higher the efficiency the more it can output with less power. Klipsch speakers are the most efficient and accurate speakers in the world regardless of price. They blow away all speakers in all price classes. When it comes to Hi-Fi speakers and equipment it is all about bang for the buck. I have seen $100,000 speakers with a sensitivity rating of 87db! My $550 Klipsch Synergy F1 speakers blow those $100,000 speakers away. The stock wire on the crossovers was total garbage. Higher quality cables with heavier awg and electromagnetic interference rejection make a big difference. I had my F1 speakers with the stock wires on the crossovers sounded harsh with the highs and the mid/lows sounded horrible. Everything about the sound quality was limited. Btw, speakers that say 8 ohms compatible mean that they aren’t 8 ohms. Every speaker I tested that said that was 4 ohms or less. The best speakers are rated at 4 ohms and have a rating of 93db or higher. I had a Rotel RB-1050 power amp that had an almost perfect signal to noise ratio of 116db and could do 140 watts RMS continuously at 4 ohms hooked up to a current filter. When the stock wires on the crossovers were used I could only turn the volume up to the 9 o’clock position. A little bit above that and the mid/bass drivers would bottom out clanking and popping really loud. I replaced the internal wire with 14awg Monster Cable XP and strategically placed polyfil in. The overall sound quality in every category was many times better. I then could turn the volume up 3 times higher with zero distortion. So instead of harsh sound with no detail or power output. I heard detail and dynamics that were impossible before. I turned the volume from 9 o’clock to 2 o’clock with effortless smooth sound. I had them hooked up with Monster Cable Z series all in one Bi-wire cables with banana ends. I have tried 2 separate sets of single Z series cables. Single cables and Bi amping. I thought the 2 sets of single Z series cables would be better than the all in one Bi-wire z2 Z series cables. The all in one Bi-wire cables that were $260 with banana ends blew everything else I tested out of the water. So the quality of all cables and equipment as well as design of the equipment makes many times better sound than pin thin cheap wire with no shielding. I Also strategically placed polyfil and foam in the cabinets. I have owned many speakers like the Polk Audio LSi 9 bookshelf speakers that cost $1,200 for the pair. My Klipsch Synergy F1 speakers after modding them blow away the Polk LSi 9’s! I forgot to say I tested the speakers after changing the wires before doing the polyfil on a different day all together. You always have to use the same source material at the same volumes. I also need to mention my Preamp I used was a Firestone Audio TubeHead. It had Dual OPAMP dip sockets to upgrade the OPAMPS. I put in National Semiconductor LM4562 OPAMPS which ran a 55mhz and had a signal to noise ratio exceeding 120db. Other OPAMPS run a 10mhz and have S/N of 90db. You have to want to know the truth and not lie to yourself. I have tried many different cables and equipment and read a lot about what people thought. The first thing I learned is that all information is manipulated. Especially in the education system. People are told what to think and how. They are fed manipulated information before they can even learn any truth. The majority of humanity has been brainwashed to think, act, and judge through the emotional window of sin, lies, illusion, and delusion known as the Ego. We all have Ego's and the more you can identify with the behaviors of the Ego with humility while putting the proper labels to the emotions while separating from them the clearer the truth becomes. 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The Ego is too selfish and arrogant to follow the truth as it is a liar that believes in only lies. The Ego believes everything it sees and reads. Not one Ego can follow the truth in reality. I have learned all of this from the man with no Ego. Please go to my Facebook page to learn more and help spread the spiritual truth about God and Jesus Christ. Thank you for your time! Opps! Please go to my Facebook page Nathan Pelton with a picture of Gumby! The truth is far stranger than fiction!
I like to change all the parts in the Klipsch Hersey III! Do you have the diagrams?
I don't. I'm not sure what the crossovers in the IIIs look like, but being fairly new they are likely made with better components than older models and you probably have less to gain by upgrading.
@@rickytalksshop8538 ok thanks!
Can you Cut open the Mundorf Silver Gold Cap vs Solen Silver Cap to view the inside can ? Is it real Pure Silver Foil or basically just a Fake Foil ? Video have ! ( Surely u will have Billion of Billion of Viewer in your UA-cam)
That’s an interesting question... let me look into how to accurately identify the different materials and how feasible it is to do this
I see no difference in the oscilloscope measurement. I suppose there is a difference between the caps, and that is related to ESR and ESL. For correct and clear measurements, oscilloscope must be triggered. Time domain and v/div must be set so that only one wave-forme is displaued am amplitude to be from the bottom to the screen to the top. Overlap the channels to spot differences. I'm absolutly certin there in no hearable difference between a 5-10$ cap (correctly chosen) and an expensive "special" cap. So, just use bipolar caps with ESR lower than 100mOhm, preferably inline film because thay have also low ESL. Never use MLCC, thay have BIAS effect (capacitance decrease over voltage increase, that can affect up to 80% of nominal capacitance). For example, a 33uF film cap costs about 7$ and is has identical sound characterisc like any other "special" one. 10uF are even cheaper.
burp
Dayton Audio? Never.
Those new wood boards would take too much volume out of a speaker box. There is no need for such thick boards.
You don't want electrolytic caps for crossovers. Absolutely trash.
Dude, you gotta follow up with your gastroenterologist... Those sounds... Cannot be good.
Um
It's hard to listen, uuuhhmm.. It's... Uuuu... Dahm prepare what you want to say. Of cut your vids