I'm a pharmacy student taking an advanced pharmacokinetics elective. Thank you for trying to shed light on this potentially confusing topic, but there are some reasons for higher doses that you missed. First is volume of distribution. If a drug is distributed in total body water (based on hydrophilicity-lipophilicity balance) then the drug concentration remaining in the blood can be lesser in patients with a higher percentage of total body water. Children have somewhat higher total body water than adults, meaning less of the drug will stay in the bloodstream, and less of it will be available for the target site. You have to dose higher to get the concentration to be what it should be. If you don't meet the concentration threshold, you might not have enough to get the job done. This can be true even if the drug is not metabolized (chemically altered) at all, but rather renally eliminated (put into urine unchanged), or if they metabolize a drug at about the same rate as adults. Metabolism can actually be slower if they don't start expressing the same amount of CYP enzymes in the liver to metabolize foreign chemicals (like drugs) as an adult would. As you can see, there's a lot of naunce that goes into dosing drugs. I'm thinking about heading into pharmacokinetic research to solve some of these problems, to be able to dose more people (especially children) more safely and effectively.
As a Pharmacist in Community Pharmacy practice, I second everything you've mentioned as additions to the video. The one thing they missed was when advising to talk to a Pediatrician they should have added an "or your friendly neighborhood Pharmacist" because pediatric (and adult) drug dosing is totally our area of expertise (and something we coordinate with Pediatricians all the time).
Thank you for clarifying. Im taking a general pharm course in college at the moment, so seeing this video just made me confused with with respect to everything I have been taught.
what if i dont drink water ? 👀 Also , why do some pills that are meant to help symptoms and induce sleep not have the sleeping part of it work ? Ive taken a kind of medicine for years and ... the sleeping ' agents ' dont work on me , is it because my body is used to it ?
As a human biologist, I think that the administration of drugs is actually quite complicated. Besides the dependency of dosages on weight and age, the efficiency of drugs often also depends on the presence of certain genetic variations. A very dramatic example is the usage of 6-MP in children who suffer from ALL (a form of cancer). While 6-MP is very successful to treat this type of cancer normally, certain genetic variations make it toxic and, therefore, lethal. Unfortunately, these genetic variations are mostly not routinely tested before the drug is given (I'll plan to make a video about that to spread awareness!).
Life Lab Learner Good stuff buggo I’ll definitely be watching. I love when people’s comments actually add information to the topic instead of saying they’re wrong. Thank you.
@@calvogel8710 I might be heading into pharmacogenomics/genetics and pharmacokinetics after pharmacy school! Hope I can spread awareness and make the process more affordable and accessible!
Yes. However with hormonal drugs like those to regulate the patient's metabolism, the patient can't go immediately to the ideal dose or stop medication abruptly. Rather the dose would have to increase slowly until the drug reaches its therapeutic effect. Same goes with stopping a hormonal drug, the patient would have to slowly be weaned off it.
@@limiv5272 "just balance" is not possible with a defective hormone system. You'd need at least several med pumps 24/7, if anyone could effort the several meds daily.
Well, if it's the exact same drug and you KNOW what the adult dose is, you can actually make it. But you would have to know and not wildly guess more or less.
Reminds me of an old mead recipe from the 1800s. It had a bit background info, stating that _"mead is especially beneficial for ill and sick people who are not allowed to drink wine or beer."_ They got me in the first half, not gonna lie.
I always find SciShow interesting, but this one I found fascinating. And I love the comments from experts who are adding more to the discussion. (Normally I avoid UA-cam comments, but I'm glad I ignored that instinct this time!.)
I really, REALLY hope this doesn't suggest to anyone that they give their children more than the recommended pediatric dose of Tylenol for their children, since Tylenol poisonings are one of the most common pediatric poisonings seen in the emergency room. I wish there'd been a disclaimer or extra warning here, simply because parents accidentally killing or injuring their kids with acetaminophen/Tylenol is already such a national nightmare (more common than opioid poisonings). Never just give your kids adult doses or take more than the recommended doses on the "Drug Facts" section on the packaging of any medication. -Linnea R Boyev, MD PhD
I felt it was pretty obvious that when he said "if it isn't sold in a separate children's version it shouldn't be given to a child without consulting a pediatrician", that was a solid indicator for people to not overdose their children
While disclaimers are good, you as a physician are no doubt aware that there are dozens of different products on the market, both OTC and prescription, that each contain acetaminophen (also known as APAP or paracetamol) and it is easy to overdose unintentionally if one does not read the ingredient statements of each OTC medication one takes or gives to one's child. As an RN in a 36 bed Pediatric ICU in the southeastern U.S. for over two decades I have cared for a number of victims of Tylenol overdose, either by receiving multiple different OTC medications or the parents misunderstood the directions giving the medication much more frequently than directed or by intentional OD. Such overdose is no joke. The worst case scenario is death from liver failure and I have cared for several children and adolescents who have died in this manner. It is a horrible, heartbreaking thing to see. The point I try to make with parents is that they should read the label of every medication they give to their children. Know what's in it. And if they have any question at all they should ask their pharmacist or physician.
As a pharmacist who loves the content your channel releases I'm a little disappointed that you didn't mention that the dosing also has to do with how well immature liver and kidneys would handle the drug. For this reason there are many drugs that we don't give at all or give even smaller doses than the weight ratio would suggest. This is a big reason you can't just give adult supplements to children, people think that "natural" supplements are safe, but that's not always the case, your body can't discern what source your getting your potassium from but if you have too high a dose it can have serious cardiac and renal issues. Always ask your doctor or Pharmacist if it's ok to take any sort of medication or supplements no matter your age.
When I was a kid, taking things like antibiotics and whatnot all definitely worked as intended, but any cold medicines, pain killers, cough syrups, etc... You name it, all the chewable things that were supposed to help with sore throats, upset stomachs, etc... Never ever worked, not even once. They just tasted bad and never offered any relief. I always believed that children's medicines were a huge over the counter scam. Anyhow, can you guys do a video on pain tolerance and why it varies from person to person? That'd be cool! ^_^
Yes! I don’t take pain meds because they don’t do much. I just take tyonol to break a fever or headache. Not for pain. Even the heavy pain pills after my c sections did nothing.
@@Peppermon22 My sister said something similar when she had some dental work - that the pills didn't actually do much for the pain; they just made her not care about it.
Some medications might not be the same because of possible side effects that are different for children and perhaps even till 25. Such as Aspirin. And Pepto for children is probably a different active ingredient than Pepto Bismol for adults.
So how do researchers figure out how much of a drug a child should get in the first place? They wouldn’t be able to give legal consent for drug trials, right? If it’s all estimated based on metabolic rates/weight, where did those numbers come from?
Wow, I really learned something with this one! My family always takes children's medicines no matter how old the person is. I guess it's time to reevaluate!
@@limiv5272 The quality actually varies a lot depending on speaking patterns, audio quality, and the content that's being said! I've seen some videos where the auto captions are almost 100% right. Also even if only, say, 50% of the words are right, it still helps a lot in situations where you can kind of hear some of what's being said, but not fully (e.g., if there's loud machinery nearby and you can't hear the consonants)
My aunt used to have horses and a dog. One of the horses and the dog needed to take antibiotics (or some other drug I’m not too sure on what it specifically was) but my aunt had to give more of the pills to the dog than she did to the horse, I’m assuming for the same reasons listed in this video
Possibly a silly question. Would an individual trying to build muscle mass or a training athlete need significantly different doses to someone with a sedentary lifestyle?
Could you please make a corona Virus Video and compare it to the common flu? Or even Spanish flu. Because I’m really getting sick of the media spreading panic without reason.
Well. This definitely explains why children’s benedryl doesn’t work, but I can’t swallow pills, I need the syrup. But they don’t make adult benedryl syrup. 🤦🏼♀️
We have 'extra strength' acetaminophen which is 500 mg per tablet. We also have 'Tylenol arthritits' which a single 650 mg tablet. This is in addition to the standard 325 mg tablet. Safe limits can vary but generally no more than 3000 mg/day total is recommended. I'm just curious, es socialist Europe offer different strength tablets?
@@amyrussell860 Not sure if there are differences between brands but atleast what I have is paramax 500mg and paramax forte 1000mg, both packages recommend 500-1000mg every 4-6 hours 1-3 times a day.
@@amyrussell860 In Italy 500mg is standard with 1000mg extra strength. Generally if I'm sick, I take around one or two regulars after each meal, so I usually end up taking at most max dose, and usually less. In my family, and in most households in my city, people tend to use paracetamol more for fevers and use other NSAIDs like ketoprofen or ibuprofen for headaches, menstrual cramps, muscular/joint pain etc.
Nastropc - Here in the U.S. you are allowed to take as much paracetamol as you wish. But you'd be wise to limit your intake to the recommended dose as liver failure is not something to take lightly.
I wonder if thats also the reason why it’s easier for teens and early 20-something’s to lose weight and why an adult can be deprived of nutrients but still function ok on a raw vegan diet whereas a kid with that kind of diet might literally starve to death.
The Tamiflu dosing is interesting. I'm 4 years in pharmacy and have never seen the child dose that high. Probably because the doctor knows how expensive that would be.
I find it interesting how many children are prescribed adult medications, especially considering how many drugs like antidepressants, are not tested on children in clinical trials. From my experience, they tend to use the foster care system as a guinea pig situation on children. No child should be on 14 different medications for behavior related issues (as I was, yet was a straight A student without social issues), and suddenly as an adult not need a single one (I am a 3 time college grad, with my own business, own a home, married almost a decade, and have zero debt). Just an observation that many people do not think about, especially parents, when it comes to medications for children.
In my country, adults are prescribed 500 or 1000 mg of paracetamol per dose, up to 4 times per day, but no more than 3000 mg total over the course of a day. Which is different from the claimed 650 mg up to 4 times per day.
It was fascinating back on NICU rotations to see how much gentamycin a 5lb baby can metabolize. Liver enzymes and renal clearance rates change drastically a few times during development.
The military doctors on the base that I was stationed at, capped me at 1800 mg ibuprofen, but then threw 1500 mg-2000 mg of acetaminophen on top of it, as well as sleeping pills. Lol, they should've just saved me the trouble and loaded me up with codeine (had a head injury).
@@ericolson3851 It's extremely common in the military, particularly in basic training where missing any significant amount of training time can result in recycling a trainee to a later graduation date (and they don't like doing that). Likewise in other schools, to the point where 800mg ibuprofen is colloquially referred to as "Ranger candy".
When I was 3 I got super sick and had to go to the hospital. They gave me medicine that’s really only for adults, but they decided to give me half the dose because of my age. Well on the way out of the hospital I said “momma my heart feels funny” and the nurse overheard so they hooked me up to some machines and saw that the medicine is basically about to kill me. They had to flush it from my system and just send me home with no medicine for whatever sickness I had(could’ve been the flu or something I’m not sure it was too long ago for me to remember exactly😂)
my sister got into a bad accident when she was around 10 and she had to take painkillers, it took the doctors 5 times to administer the drug and she could still feel the pain, so they decided to just get the broken shoulder over with since they couldn't administer anymore painkillers
4:07 Ain't that a thing of Beauty! friggen aye, I was looking at tree branches in the sunlight today, these patterns* always leave me in an awe-filled state of Content. 😌👌
Off topic question. When you can't see you are blind... When you can't hear you are deaf... When you can't feel you are numb/have cipa (not sure of the spelling on that one)... What are you when you can't taste or smell? Can you permanently lose these senses as well?
Gambit - GIYF. Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (meaning "pleasant/savory taste"). It is sometimes confused with anosmia - a loss of the sense of smell. I've no idea what cipa is.
Why do you say that acetaminophen is known by the brand name Tylenol, but not mention that much of the world know it by the name paracetamol and the brand name Paracet?
This doesn't quite apply to everything, since we use low dose toxins as medicine, and those aren't so easily metabolized in general. But for most stuff, yeah.
I am an adult who takes children's medication. I wonder how that affects people like me. (I can't swallow pills, so for my prescriptions I get them done at a compounding pharmacy but for OTCs like Tylenol and Advil I buy children's.) I haven't really thought about the doses, I just take what I'm told to. My doctors know I take children's but I never thought the formulation would be any different than just liquid.
"Formulation" in this instance means liquid vs tablets. If you're taking the appropriate dose in liquid form at your physician's direction then you're likely taking enough. If you're unsure then ask your friendly neighborhood pharmacist.
So if I make my 10 year old niece drink half of a 250mg of paracetamol for her fever, she's gonna be fine right? I usually keep a stock of paracetamol in the house for my headaches or if I feel feverish, but I also make her and her 8 year old younger brother drink it after I cut it in half for their fevers and headaches.
🤣🤣🤣 But, seriously... not just an "amusing assumption" for most of the cats my family had. They really *were* spherical. They would pester for food or treats, someone would give in... and voila !! Fat cats 😁. Yup - they were spoiled rotten.
Serious Question: If children need larger doses for some medications because their metabolisms are higher, why doesn't that happen in adults of different sizes, and from what I've seen, the opposite tends to occur? Is it just different for adults? For instance, you state that smaller weights or body sizes have higher metabolisms, but the contrary is usually brought up when dosing heavier people vs lighter people, with a heavier person getting a higher dose (e.g. even though a 300lb person is said to have a higher/faster metabolism than a 150lb person, when it should be the other way around based on what you described). What's happening there with that?
Afaik, it's complicated, but SOME of it is based on relative sizes of organs and volumes. I as a rly fat guy don't take more ssris, because the way the drug acts in the body isn't affected by my weight (I guess maybe bc brain volume isn't different enough that the normal dosage tweaking process wouldn't compensate for it anyway?) But, for example, things like the plan B birth control medication are affected by sheer mass, and are ineffective over a certain threshold. I know that certain medications do stuff like, for example, accumulate in fat cells, or are designed to be broken down at different points of the digestive tract to maximize the drug payoff vs your digestive system. With over the counter medications, I'm 70% sure that they have fairly high ranges of tolerance for working, so basically there's not a super narrow range of doses that will be either ineffective or toxic, but a much broader area where it basically does the job without needing to be carefully tweaked
probably not because their metabolism is high because they're growing and not because they're small (but the extent of my medical knowledge is a 4 on AP Bio two years ago, so)
Interesting because I thought it had to do with the speed of the heart beat. In children and small animals it's faster than in adults or larger people or animals.
Dumb question here! Soo is the kids Tylenol different from the adult? What would happen if an adult takes the kids Tylenol? I have an aunt who thinks she's sensitive to medicine so she takes only kids medicine. Nothing would make me happier than to call her out.
There's no difference whatsoever in the actual drug. The difference lies in the dose or the form (liquid vs tablet, some children have difficulty swallowing tablets). Your aunt is kidding herself.
Does this explain why taking children’s tylonol works better for me than adult pills? Lol. I’ve just assumed it was because it was often on liquid form.
There's no difference in the actual drug. The difference lies in the dose and the form (liquid vs tablet, some children, especially younger children, have difficulty swallowing tablets)
I wonder about anesthesia in particular? I had a bad experience in a dental surgery once where I was crying from pain the whole time, until I heard someone say "this is an adult" (I'm almost 20 but I look around 13) and the general anesthetic finally kicked in a few minutes later. Is anesthesia more dangerous for younger people, regardless of size?
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Can you please do a video about sleeping positions while pregnant?
Kurtzgezagt has a good explanation on why metabolism works the way it works depending on size.
Shanna - in the 9th month, there is no such thing as sleep.
I'm a pharmacy student taking an advanced pharmacokinetics elective. Thank you for trying to shed light on this potentially confusing topic, but there are some reasons for higher doses that you missed. First is volume of distribution. If a drug is distributed in total body water (based on hydrophilicity-lipophilicity balance) then the drug concentration remaining in the blood can be lesser in patients with a higher percentage of total body water. Children have somewhat higher total body water than adults, meaning less of the drug will stay in the bloodstream, and less of it will be available for the target site. You have to dose higher to get the concentration to be what it should be. If you don't meet the concentration threshold, you might not have enough to get the job done. This can be true even if the drug is not metabolized (chemically altered) at all, but rather renally eliminated (put into urine unchanged), or if they metabolize a drug at about the same rate as adults. Metabolism can actually be slower if they don't start expressing the same amount of CYP enzymes in the liver to metabolize foreign chemicals (like drugs) as an adult would. As you can see, there's a lot of naunce that goes into dosing drugs. I'm thinking about heading into pharmacokinetic research to solve some of these problems, to be able to dose more people (especially children) more safely and effectively.
Someone’s been studying for their NAPLEX 😉
As a Pharmacist in Community Pharmacy practice, I second everything you've mentioned as additions to the video. The one thing they missed was when advising to talk to a Pediatrician they should have added an "or your friendly neighborhood Pharmacist" because pediatric (and adult) drug dosing is totally our area of expertise (and something we coordinate with Pediatricians all the time).
Interesting
Thank you for clarifying. Im taking a general pharm course in college at the moment, so seeing this video just made me confused with with respect to everything I have been taught.
what if i dont drink water ? 👀
Also , why do some pills that are meant to help symptoms and induce sleep not have the sleeping part of it work ? Ive taken a kind of medicine for years and ... the sleeping ' agents ' dont work on me , is it because my body is used to it ?
Kids aren't tiny adults; they're large babies.
So are a lot of adults.
@@zachcrawford5 I feel attacked
ronnie ssebaggala so do i dont compare me to adults zach
Adults is just overgrown kids.
@@ronniessebaggala362 lol
I kinda want a generic drug to be called "Pain Assassin" now. I'd totally prefer that brand.
People would like the name, become addicted, and sue you
@@bobbyharper8710 didn't say I was gonna make it, couldn't sue me for it. I'd just but it.
@@bobbyharper8710 not all pain meds are addictive
@@InstrucTube That's a generic you, not the personal pronoun.
If you had these magical wishes... why not wish the pain away instead?
As a human biologist, I think that the administration of drugs is actually quite complicated. Besides the dependency of dosages on weight and age, the efficiency of drugs often also depends on the presence of certain genetic variations. A very dramatic example is the usage of 6-MP in children who suffer from ALL (a form of cancer). While 6-MP is very successful to treat this type of cancer normally, certain genetic variations make it toxic and, therefore, lethal. Unfortunately, these genetic variations are mostly not routinely tested before the drug is given (I'll plan to make a video about that to spread awareness!).
Pharmacogenetics is such an interesting topic, and I really hope it becomes more integrated into healthcare
Life Lab Learner Good stuff buggo I’ll definitely be watching. I love when people’s comments actually add information to the topic instead of saying they’re wrong. Thank you.
@@calvogel8710 I might be heading into pharmacogenomics/genetics and pharmacokinetics after pharmacy school! Hope I can spread awareness and make the process more affordable and accessible!
How common are the “toxic” variants?
Interesting
"The faster the metabolism,the faster you break down a drug". Question: So, wouldn't thyroid issues also be taken into account when calculating doses?
Yes. However with hormonal drugs like those to regulate the patient's metabolism, the patient can't go immediately to the ideal dose or stop medication abruptly. Rather the dose would have to increase slowly until the drug reaches its therapeutic effect. Same goes with stopping a hormonal drug, the patient would have to slowly be weaned off it.
@@charmagne2102 that's what my ex has to struggle with. William-Turner-syndrome and hormone oddities.
No.
It'd be best to just balance your thyroid hormones
@@limiv5272 "just balance" is not possible with a defective hormone system. You'd need at least several med pumps 24/7, if anyone could effort the several meds daily.
This shows up right after I told my step mom adding another dose to a kid's medicine won't make it into an adults medicine
Well, if it's the exact same drug and you KNOW what the adult dose is, you can actually make it. But you would have to know and not wildly guess more or less.
My mom always told me it’s based on weight. Idk what to believe sometimes. Guess it’s better to ask a doctor.
@@GECKman88 the brand's name was something about children I believe. I can't remember the name and I'm too lazy to go and look for it rn
Reminds me of an old mead recipe from the 1800s. It had a bit background info, stating that _"mead is especially beneficial for ill and sick people who are not allowed to drink wine or beer."_
They got me in the first half, not gonna lie.
@@gustavgnoettgen
What?
Huh?
I always find SciShow interesting, but this one I found fascinating. And I love the comments from experts who are adding more to the discussion. (Normally I avoid UA-cam comments, but I'm glad I ignored that instinct this time!.)
Me tol
I really, REALLY hope this doesn't suggest to anyone that they give their children more than the recommended pediatric dose of Tylenol for their children, since Tylenol poisonings are one of the most common pediatric poisonings seen in the emergency room. I wish there'd been a disclaimer or extra warning here, simply because parents accidentally killing or injuring their kids with acetaminophen/Tylenol is already such a national nightmare (more common than opioid poisonings). Never just give your kids adult doses or take more than the recommended doses on the "Drug Facts" section on the packaging of any medication. -Linnea R Boyev, MD PhD
I felt it was pretty obvious that when he said "if it isn't sold in a separate children's version it shouldn't be given to a child without consulting a pediatrician", that was a solid indicator for people to not overdose their children
Ibuprofen for the win tho
Crazy Cats nah it’s ketamine or nothing here fam
It seemed clear with the "children's version for children only" part
While disclaimers are good, you as a physician are no doubt aware that there are dozens of different products on the market, both OTC and prescription, that each contain acetaminophen (also known as APAP or paracetamol) and it is easy to overdose unintentionally if one does not read the ingredient statements of each OTC medication one takes or gives to one's child.
As an RN in a 36 bed Pediatric ICU in the southeastern U.S. for over two decades I have cared for a number of victims of Tylenol overdose, either by receiving multiple different OTC medications or the parents misunderstood the directions giving the medication much more frequently than directed or by intentional OD. Such overdose is no joke. The worst case scenario is death from liver failure and I have cared for several children and adolescents who have died in this manner. It is a horrible, heartbreaking thing to see.
The point I try to make with parents is that they should read the label of every medication they give to their children. Know what's in it. And if they have any question at all they should ask their pharmacist or physician.
As a pharmacist who loves the content your channel releases I'm a little disappointed that you didn't mention that the dosing also has to do with how well immature liver and kidneys would handle the drug. For this reason there are many drugs that we don't give at all or give even smaller doses than the weight ratio would suggest. This is a big reason you can't just give adult supplements to children, people think that "natural" supplements are safe, but that's not always the case, your body can't discern what source your getting your potassium from but if you have too high a dose it can have serious cardiac and renal issues. Always ask your doctor or Pharmacist if it's ok to take any sort of medication or supplements no matter your age.
Well, this helps explain why my 23-pound dog is on the same dosage of painkiller I was prescribed.
@A D She has cancer, unfortunately.
@@Rithene i hope he/shes ok
When I was a kid, taking things like antibiotics and whatnot all definitely worked as intended, but any cold medicines, pain killers, cough syrups, etc... You name it, all the chewable things that were supposed to help with sore throats, upset stomachs, etc... Never ever worked, not even once. They just tasted bad and never offered any relief. I always believed that children's medicines were a huge over the counter scam. Anyhow, can you guys do a video on pain tolerance and why it varies from person to person? That'd be cool! ^_^
Yes! I don’t take pain meds because they don’t do much. I just take tyonol to break a fever or headache. Not for pain. Even the heavy pain pills after my c sections did nothing.
@@Peppermon22 My sister said something similar when she had some dental work - that the pills didn't actually do much for the pain; they just made her not care about it.
Some medications might not be the same because of possible side effects that are different for children and perhaps even till 25. Such as Aspirin. And Pepto for children is probably a different active ingredient than Pepto Bismol for adults.
People are just different. Some drugs work some don't.
Stuff like Lagundi and Paracetamol works well for me when I have flu.
So how do researchers figure out how much of a drug a child should get in the first place? They wouldn’t be able to give legal consent for drug trials, right? If it’s all estimated based on metabolic rates/weight, where did those numbers come from?
Wow, I really learned something with this one!
My family always takes children's medicines no matter how old the person is. I guess it's time to reevaluate!
With all the "childproof " medicine containers and their complicated mechanisms, the drugs should be called "Triopenin".
Lmao
I legit have a hard time with those sometimes
"Childproof" unless the child knows basic reading comprehension
Appreciate the joke. But such containers are child "resistant" rather than child proof.
Does this apply to those with dwarfism?
I was wondering the exact same thing, also those with extremely low BMI
99.6% of people are clueless on this subject, so great video!
And here I am with low tolerance and high metabolism. I need a high dose to get the full affects, but the side effects hit me hard
i feel you.... I have atypical reactions to meds so you have to give me the smallest dose to see how I am going to react. Meds hit me hard.
...are you a redhead, by any chance? it seems to be much more common for people with that heritage 🤷♀️
0:17 I read this as Children's Paid Assassin.
SaiyanGohan2000 DustiestPancake
You read it right
@@Cereal008 No he read it as paid, not pain
Hahaha!
Person
I see what's happening here
Kids when they dont get chocolate
Stefan: allometry
Auto captions: a llama tree
I don't know why anyone bothers with the auto generated subtitles, they're so bad it's not even funny
#nomorecraptions 😭
@@limiv5272 The quality actually varies a lot depending on speaking patterns, audio quality, and the content that's being said! I've seen some videos where the auto captions are almost 100% right. Also even if only, say, 50% of the words are right, it still helps a lot in situations where you can kind of hear some of what's being said, but not fully (e.g., if there's loud machinery nearby and you can't hear the consonants)
My aunt used to have horses and a dog. One of the horses and the dog needed to take antibiotics (or some other drug I’m not too sure on what it specifically was) but my aunt had to give more of the pills to the dog than she did to the horse, I’m assuming for the same reasons listed in this video
Possibly a silly question. Would an individual trying to build muscle mass or a training athlete need significantly different doses to someone with a sedentary lifestyle?
So what I learned is... Medicine should be sold according to weight groups.
I haven't had nearly enough coffee today and my stupid brain was making me picture a llama tree. :(
Lol, Ilama in your living room
Tree of spit.
Clearly, we're headed for llamageddon...😬
@@svenmorgenstern9506 LOL!!
That sounds cool tho it could be worst
The children formula is very practical. It also usually happens to costs about an order of magnitude more...
The average weight for an American adult is 80kg? REALLY?
Could you please make a corona Virus Video and compare it to the common flu? Or even Spanish flu. Because I’m really getting sick of the media spreading panic without reason.
Well. This definitely explains why children’s benedryl doesn’t work, but I can’t swallow pills, I need the syrup. But they don’t make adult benedryl syrup. 🤦🏼♀️
1:55 Here in socialist Europe we’re allowed way more paracetamol than that, but maybe Freedom Acetaminophen is stronger in ‘Merica
We have 'extra strength' acetaminophen which is 500 mg per tablet. We also have 'Tylenol arthritits' which a single 650 mg tablet. This is in addition to the standard 325 mg tablet. Safe limits can vary but generally no more than 3000 mg/day total is recommended. I'm just curious, es socialist Europe offer different strength tablets?
@@amyrussell860 Not sure if there are differences between brands but atleast what I have is paramax 500mg and paramax forte 1000mg, both packages recommend 500-1000mg every 4-6 hours 1-3 times a day.
@@amyrussell860 In Italy 500mg is standard with 1000mg extra strength. Generally if I'm sick, I take around one or two regulars after each meal, so I usually end up taking at most max dose, and usually less.
In my family, and in most households in my city, people tend to use paracetamol more for fevers and use other NSAIDs like ketoprofen or ibuprofen for headaches, menstrual cramps, muscular/joint pain etc.
Oh no please dont call us socialist even as a joke, not with the current political climate in 'murica
Nastropc - Here in the U.S. you are allowed to take as much paracetamol as you wish. But you'd be wise to limit your intake to the recommended dose as liver failure is not something to take lightly.
Oh wow I used get this question all the time when I worked in retail. I can see pediatricians downloading this and playing it for parents
As a parent, this is very informative. Also very scary that it’s easy to assume you can just scale a dose based on size...
this video made me realise how tiny i am :( being an adult who weighs 47kg is hard sometimes :(
mMeFlora whoa!
44.5 kg here xD
Are you under 5 feet tall?
65 here
I seesaw around 45-50. Small gang unite!
I wonder if thats also the reason why it’s easier for teens and early 20-something’s to lose weight and why an adult can be deprived of nutrients but still function ok on a raw vegan diet whereas a kid with that kind of diet might literally starve to death.
The Tamiflu dosing is interesting. I'm 4 years in pharmacy and have never seen the child dose that high. Probably because the doctor knows how expensive that would be.
I find it interesting how many children are prescribed adult medications, especially considering how many drugs like antidepressants, are not tested on children in clinical trials. From my experience, they tend to use the foster care system as a guinea pig situation on children. No child should be on 14 different medications for behavior related issues (as I was, yet was a straight A student without social issues), and suddenly as an adult not need a single one (I am a 3 time college grad, with my own business, own a home, married almost a decade, and have zero debt). Just an observation that many people do not think about, especially parents, when it comes to medications for children.
In my country, adults are prescribed 500 or 1000 mg of paracetamol per dose, up to 4 times per day, but no more than 3000 mg total over the course of a day. Which is different from the claimed 650 mg up to 4 times per day.
It was fascinating back on NICU rotations to see how much gentamycin a 5lb baby can metabolize. Liver enzymes and renal clearance rates change drastically a few times during development.
According to military doctors 2000 mg per day of ibuprofen is normal.
They've cut it down, huh? It used to be 800 mg every 4 to 6 hours.
The military doctors on the base that I was stationed at, capped me at 1800 mg ibuprofen, but then threw 1500 mg-2000 mg of acetaminophen on top of it, as well as sleeping pills. Lol, they should've just saved me the trouble and loaded me up with codeine (had a head injury).
Where'd my comment go?
WhiskersMcTabby Holy hell! That’s so much. My kidneys and liver are shutting down just thinking about taking that much .
@@ericolson3851 It's extremely common in the military, particularly in basic training where missing any significant amount of training time can result in recycling a trainee to a later graduation date (and they don't like doing that). Likewise in other schools, to the point where 800mg ibuprofen is colloquially referred to as "Ranger candy".
When I was 3 I got super sick and had to go to the hospital. They gave me medicine that’s really only for adults, but they decided to give me half the dose because of my age. Well on the way out of the hospital I said “momma my heart feels funny” and the nurse overheard so they hooked me up to some machines and saw that the medicine is basically about to kill me. They had to flush it from my system and just send me home with no medicine for whatever sickness I had(could’ve been the flu or something I’m not sure it was too long ago for me to remember exactly😂)
Glad you spoke up. Glad they listened to you. Glad it turned out alright.
This is why children always seem to be in hyperactive mode..... because they are. *^_^*
My teacher used this vid for a lesson.
I did not expect that.
Wow interesting info. Good to know!
my sister got into a bad accident when she was around 10 and she had to take painkillers, it took the doctors 5 times to administer the drug and she could still feel the pain, so they decided to just get the broken shoulder over with since they couldn't administer anymore painkillers
This channel is great! Excellent videos and always informative!
4:07 Ain't that a thing of Beauty! friggen aye, I was looking at tree branches in the sunlight today, these patterns* always leave me in an awe-filled state of Content. 😌👌
Weird! In the U.K. the typical dosage of Paracetamol is 1g (1000mg) or occasionally people may take one, which is 500mg.
Kids really are more complicated than I thought. Might explain the substantial growth in recent years of the "never having kids" army. 🤔
Off topic question.
When you can't see you are blind...
When you can't hear you are deaf...
When you can't feel you are numb/have cipa (not sure of the spelling on that one)...
What are you when you can't taste or smell? Can you permanently lose these senses as well?
Gambit - GIYF. Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (meaning "pleasant/savory taste"). It is sometimes confused with anosmia - a loss of the sense of smell.
I've no idea what cipa is.
@@wickedcabinboy cipa is the inability to feel pain. At least according to an episode of House.
So... how long does it take for a Brontosaurus to bleed to death?
Very cool topic to know about. I've always been curious.
As it turns out, kids aren't just small adults.
I didn't know that. I once took kids paracetamol because I ran out of adult tablets. I was fine but now I know this I won't be doing it again.
Does this apply to essential oils aswell?
Asking for a Karen.
This video seriously blew my mind 🤯🤯
Why do you say that acetaminophen is known by the brand name Tylenol, but not mention that much of the world know it by the name paracetamol and the brand name Paracet?
so do people with dwarfism take adult or child versions? because they are small, but they aren't growing?
This doesn't quite apply to everything, since we use low dose toxins as medicine, and those aren't so easily metabolized in general. But for most stuff, yeah.
Once my daughter was 8 she switched over to the adult medication just making sure she gets the same douse of the meds she would in the liquid.
Kearstinne kenerson douse
I am an adult who takes children's medication. I wonder how that affects people like me. (I can't swallow pills, so for my prescriptions I get them done at a compounding pharmacy but for OTCs like Tylenol and Advil I buy children's.) I haven't really thought about the doses, I just take what I'm told to. My doctors know I take children's but I never thought the formulation would be any different than just liquid.
"Formulation" in this instance means liquid vs tablets. If you're taking the appropriate dose in liquid form at your physician's direction then you're likely taking enough. If you're unsure then ask your friendly neighborhood pharmacist.
Yo I'm going to look all smart now when I get to my pediatrics lecture lol
So if I make my 10 year old niece drink half of a 250mg of paracetamol for her fever, she's gonna be fine right? I usually keep a stock of paracetamol in the house for my headaches or if I feel feverish, but I also make her and her 8 year old younger brother drink it after I cut it in half for their fevers and headaches.
What's a llama tree??
43 years old and I still can't take most adult prescriptions. Everything knocks me out.
Whenever I have to go to the hospital they ask me how much I weigh. I have to get the hard core pain IV meds cause of my severe arthritis.
Spherically shaped dogs. For when you want to cater to *that* set of furries
🤣🤣🤣 But, seriously... not just an "amusing assumption" for most of the cats my family had. They really *were* spherical. They would pester for food or treats, someone would give in... and voila !! Fat cats 😁. Yup - they were spoiled rotten.
kids aren't just tiny adults, if you account for the fact that they are drunk tiny adults that is a much better explanation of their entire existence.
Serious Question: If children need larger doses for some medications because their metabolisms are higher, why doesn't that happen in adults of different sizes, and from what I've seen, the opposite tends to occur? Is it just different for adults? For instance, you state that smaller weights or body sizes have higher metabolisms, but the contrary is usually brought up when dosing heavier people vs lighter people, with a heavier person getting a higher dose (e.g. even though a 300lb person is said to have a higher/faster metabolism than a 150lb person, when it should be the other way around based on what you described). What's happening there with that?
Afaik, it's complicated, but SOME of it is based on relative sizes of organs and volumes. I as a rly fat guy don't take more ssris, because the way the drug acts in the body isn't affected by my weight (I guess maybe bc brain volume isn't different enough that the normal dosage tweaking process wouldn't compensate for it anyway?) But, for example, things like the plan B birth control medication are affected by sheer mass, and are ineffective over a certain threshold. I know that certain medications do stuff like, for example, accumulate in fat cells, or are designed to be broken down at different points of the digestive tract to maximize the drug payoff vs your digestive system. With over the counter medications, I'm 70% sure that they have fairly high ranges of tolerance for working, so basically there's not a super narrow range of doses that will be either ineffective or toxic, but a much broader area where it basically does the job without needing to be carefully tweaked
Basically, children and smaller people have faster metabolic rates. So they may need higher doses than you would predict
Lower The Prices of All Adult Medicines Now,That's Too Much $$,500,000%
So what if you are a smaller adult, should you take the "children's" medication? If so, what's the cut off line?
probably not because their metabolism is high because they're growing and not because they're small (but the extent of my medical knowledge is a 4 on AP Bio two years ago, so)
Kids don't need smaller doses,
they need larger doses?!?!?!
So one 200 mg ibuprofen for a 6yr old is okay for fever because they metabolize it faster from the body?
i dont remember this guy being a part of sci show wtf i just remember the other guy
How come price scales even worse?
But acetaminophen is a bad example because it isn't done in weight based doses. A 50kg adult and a 200kg adult take the same dose.
Interesting because I thought it had to do with the speed of the heart beat. In children and small animals it's faster than in adults or larger people or animals.
So if you've got a really big headache, take the children's painkiller. Gotcha 👍
Really, I don't know. Thanks!
Very interesting. I definitely thought it would be proportional to weight (mass).
Dumb question here!
Soo is the kids Tylenol different from the adult? What would happen if an adult takes the kids Tylenol?
I have an aunt who thinks she's sensitive to medicine so she takes only kids medicine. Nothing would make me happier than to call her out.
There's no difference whatsoever in the actual drug. The difference lies in the dose or the form (liquid vs tablet, some children have difficulty swallowing tablets). Your aunt is kidding herself.
Your aunt must think medications are like shampoo or soap.
this why my 85 pound girlfriend can drink as much as my 200 pound self? oh right, she's irish. never mind
Why is panadol recommend less doses for kids.
I currently have infant, children's and adult tylenol in my meds cabinet. Having a baby and a toddler is complicated lol.
Fun fact! Children's and baby Tylenol are the exact same thing.
@@Thalymor might want to check though, if you have an old bottle. The infants Tylenol used to be much stronger and killed a few kids
Yes, you're absolutely correct! It has been the same though since 2011, so I hope you aren't taking or giving your children 9 year old meds.
I never looked at it that way
Does this explain why taking children’s tylonol works better for me than adult pills? Lol. I’ve just assumed it was because it was often on liquid form.
There's no difference in the actual drug. The difference lies in the dose and the form (liquid vs tablet, some children, especially younger children, have difficulty swallowing tablets)
I need freedom units
Depending on what it is they can take smaller doses.
My earliest
I wonder about anesthesia in particular? I had a bad experience in a dental surgery once where I was crying from pain the whole time, until I heard someone say "this is an adult" (I'm almost 20 but I look around 13) and the general anesthetic finally kicked in a few minutes later. Is anesthesia more dangerous for younger people, regardless of size?
No, but pediatric anesthesiology is a subspecialty for a reason. Then there's pediatric cardiac anesthesiology.
I thought this was gonna be about why kids younger than 2 can’t take certain medicines...besides the 2 seconds they covered it.
1:47 Also known as Paracetamol.
2:43 Better known as Tamiflu.
Adults are just big children
...and this is why there are fewer seniors over 6' tall.
Thought this was a Tyson Fury video at first. Kid dossers vs adult dossers
They do take a dose, *_Daily Dose of Memes_*
how did you find this channel from the cowbelly algorithm?
Allometry reminds me of Allosaurus.
Welcome to the weird world of a llama tree
When I liked this vid it went from 5.6k to 5.7k
I almost never hear people pronounce „doses“ like this lol
I pronounce it like this too.
How'd you pronounce it then?
I... what? That's... how it's pronounced. I've never heard it NOT pronounced that way.
Yeah I'd like to know how else you'd say it?
Maybe you're confused with dosage
We pronounce the „-ses“ part like crises. I always thought that was the norm lol thanks for letting me know 🤷♀️😅
Um... I’m going to college soon and still take children’s meds cause never surpassed the weight on the box 😥
I never noticed a weight restriction listed on any medication, strange
@@limiv5272 weight restrictions?