Dracula in 4K Ultra HD | "I Am Dracula, I Bid You Welcome" | (90th Anniversary) Extended Preview

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  • Опубліковано 28 вер 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 191

  • @fgraziani
    @fgraziani Рік тому +116

    I showed Dracula to an elementary English language class at a junior college in Japan and the students were absolutely captivated by it.

    • @MrEjidorie
      @MrEjidorie Рік тому +7

      I`m sure you made an excellent choice to motivate your Japanese students to learn English. Many Japanese people consider they cannot learn English because English is too hard to learn. But once Japanese people are motivate properly, I think they are quick learners of English.

    • @MelancoliaI
      @MelancoliaI 10 місяців тому +8

      Commendable of you, but ironic. Lugosi learned his lines in the Dracula stage-play (upon which this film is based) phonetically. I'm not trying to sound pretentious, but it's true. That's why his cadence is so weird in this movie, and hence so effective. "Wee will be leaaaving....tomorrow....eeeeeevening."

  • @bezoticallyyours83
    @bezoticallyyours83 Рік тому +98

    5:38 The expression on Draccy's face is hilarious. He must have realized the property taxes went up

  • @Turtle1631991
    @Turtle1631991 Рік тому +322

    My life goal is to learn to mimic the accent and all the mannerism of the character and then open a little bed and breakfast.

    • @joerectifier
      @joerectifier Рік тому +4

      Hahahahahaha!

    • @LiveandLetDie007
      @LiveandLetDie007 Рік тому +26

      Excellent idea...I wish you all the success. For one who has not even lived a single lifetime, you are quite wise...

    • @XaVi_ToussainT
      @XaVi_ToussainT 7 місяців тому +3

      Haha 😂

    • @iggyg89
      @iggyg89 7 місяців тому +6

      I'd go lol

    • @arty712
      @arty712 7 місяців тому +3

      That actually sounds pretty cool.

  • @andromedaturnbull3512
    @andromedaturnbull3512 Рік тому +33

    Wow, Bela Lugosi nailed ASMR over a half century earlier before it was a genre. Pure skill, class and perfection.

  • @ShannonFreng
    @ShannonFreng Рік тому +30

    I admire the way Lugosi was able to effortlessly reach for the wine glass and bottle (at 7:02), with perfect precision, though all the while, maintaining a fixed gaze upon Frye--not an easy thing to do (which probably took more than one take).
    It was with equal amusement, that I heard for the first time, "I never drink. . .wine" (considering I've always loathed the taste of it). Lugosi was the best!

  • @mikeshirleyforever
    @mikeshirleyforever 2 роки тому +75

    What a restoration! Incredible! I've never seen this look so prestine.

    • @harrisonneves6007
      @harrisonneves6007 2 роки тому +4

      Listen to them. The children of the night, what music they make

    • @rc59191
      @rc59191 Рік тому +1

      I quite like the old gritty aesthetic but this is nice too.

    • @amaroszapatacolina5226
      @amaroszapatacolina5226 Рік тому

      ...This look so prestine" 😍🤟😁

  • @groofoot
    @groofoot Рік тому +32

    That is one dedicated insurance salesman ... he deserves a raise!

    • @leftcoaster67
      @leftcoaster67 28 днів тому

      He's a lawyer or a real estate agent.

  • @Angel-xd9lt
    @Angel-xd9lt 11 місяців тому +6

    I always had a soft spot for vampires when I was 7 or 5 and Dracula was my favorite monster of all time... and Bram Stroker's Dracula 1992 was amazing and Gary Oldman was amazing as Count Dracula and Winona Ryder as Mia Murrary. I have both movies on DVD I still watch them for Halloween. Halloween is my favorite hoilday and Christmas.

  • @stevemuzak8526
    @stevemuzak8526 11 місяців тому +4

    Dear Universal. Keep doing this. Restore this brilliant movies in 4K. Support physical media.

  • @marcuscompton3772
    @marcuscompton3772 Рік тому +15

    I would love to have seen peoples face in the theater watching this! I'll bet they were terrified!!

    • @lilypondlane
      @lilypondlane 9 місяців тому +1

      My mother was a teenager when she saw Bela Lugosi on stage as Dracula. She said that at one point, there was only the light of one candle on the stage and the women in the audience were screaming in terror when the Count bit one of his victims who was asleep in her bed.

  • @josephnavarro914
    @josephnavarro914 11 місяців тому +4

    I'm Definitely Dressing as Bela Lugosi next Halloween.. Iove this Dracula I Bid You Welcome

  • @hilalabbas
    @hilalabbas 3 місяці тому +1

    What an iconic scene

  • @anthonycrnkovich5241
    @anthonycrnkovich5241 Рік тому +2

    It's disconcerting to realize that more time has passed since I first saw DRACULA on TV in 1970 than from the time the film was made to that initial viewing.😮

  • @kenrozmislowicz9456
    @kenrozmislowicz9456 Місяць тому

    No one can portray Dracula better than Bela Lugosi

  • @anthonycrnkovich5241
    @anthonycrnkovich5241 Рік тому +6

    The creepy effect is enhanced when dialogue and sound effects break the silence. Music would ruin the sustained atmosphere this movie generates so brilliantly.

  • @seprisusanto1652
    @seprisusanto1652 Рік тому +4

    Listen to them.....children of the night...... what music they make

  • @fletchkeilman2205
    @fletchkeilman2205 Рік тому +2

    Other kids watched Transformers or GI Joe, maybe even My Little Pony.
    I watched these films. I'm still mesmerized to this day by them.
    Don't get me wrong. I watched Saturday morning cartoons. But right after cartoons came monster movies, Three Stooges shorts, and Kung Fu movies. THOSE are what I anticipated all week long to see

  • @maralisil
    @maralisil 2 місяці тому

    Love his "R's"😊

  • @walterfechter8080
    @walterfechter8080 2 місяці тому +1

    "Bela Lugosi IS Dracula." - My Romanian grandparents

  • @someguy42093
    @someguy42093 4 місяці тому +1

    Will it have the Philip glass score? The new score is INCREDIBLE and makes the movie so much better. And scarier. So much scarier. Watch it with the Phillip glass/kronos quartet score

  • @lesliaorue5417
    @lesliaorue5417 2 роки тому +5

    Awesome!🤩🩸🩸🩸🩸❣

  • @tomphillips2214
    @tomphillips2214 2 роки тому +2

    AWESOME THANK YOU SO MUCH!

  • @brenttaylordotus
    @brenttaylordotus 11 місяців тому +1

    Part of what makes all movies like this great is, what’s not going on

  • @pereserra2062
    @pereserra2062 2 роки тому +7

    Bela Lugosi ... I L

  • @davidviton1065
    @davidviton1065 4 місяці тому

    Bella should be good at doing Dracula he did a thousand times in the theater

  • @dallaskoivu8951
    @dallaskoivu8951 Рік тому +10

    A very subtle touch many people miss his when Dracula walks up the stairs through the Spiderwebs without disrupting them That Was the point in which Renfield should’ve left saying nope nope nope This guy is too weird home office is going to Have to send somebody else To finish this real estate deal with this guy not me

  • @njlillycline
    @njlillycline Місяць тому

    I was Dracula about 5 Halloweens in a row as a kid

  • @BeauHoyt-n9p
    @BeauHoyt-n9p 2 місяці тому +2

    1:16 Why are there Armadillos here ?

    • @oliverbrownlow5615
      @oliverbrownlow5615 21 день тому

      Because if they were in the middle of the road, they'd get hit by a car!

  • @bezoticallyyours83
    @bezoticallyyours83 Рік тому +2

    I have read the book but never actually seen the film

  • @marshmallowbudgie
    @marshmallowbudgie 5 місяців тому

    "my postillion has been struck by lightning"

  • @zhouly
    @zhouly 3 місяці тому

    Was that a pair of armadillos I saw crawling around Dracula’s castle at 1:18?

    • @BeauHoyt-n9p
      @BeauHoyt-n9p 2 місяці тому

      Yes. I wonder why they're here.

  • @Batmandarknitexx
    @Batmandarknitexx Рік тому +5

    Who else is here after watching Renfield?

  • @danyzz
    @danyzz 8 місяців тому

    Tiene la casa un poco descuidada

  • @richardarthurnorton
    @richardarthurnorton 10 місяців тому +1

    Peter Jackson needs to do the restoration to remove the hiss and smooth the grain. His AI software was used for The Beatles: Get Back on the 16mm original camera negatives and had them upscaled to 4K with no hiss and no grain.

  • @BTODDTHEG
    @BTODDTHEG 6 місяців тому +1

    I wish more people brought up how poorly universal studios treated their actors actresses and their staff in the early years of what made them what they are today for instance they gave lugosi a total 3,500 dollars at the time for this but his costars made more explain that and explain trying to wash up the fact they tried covering up who designed the original creature of black lagoon who was a woman !

  • @sablebranwen2539
    @sablebranwen2539 11 місяців тому +115

    Imagine giving a performance so iconic that people still imitate it nearly 100 years later. Truly, Bela Lugosi is as immortal as Dracula himself!

    • @harrypalmer4857
      @harrypalmer4857 15 днів тому

      Immortal. Apart from the ‘being very dead’ bit.

  • @jackbrigoli7452
    @jackbrigoli7452 Рік тому +191

    This is such an iconic moment. No colour yet the atmosphere is absolutely perfect. Dracula's chilling presence still gives me goose bumps and the way Bela Lagosi captures the character of pure evil mixed with a hint of seduction and grace is just perfect. I've loved Dracula all my life and this movie hits all the right spots.

    • @superjetze
      @superjetze Рік тому +6

      Those bats though...

    • @amaroszapatacolina5226
      @amaroszapatacolina5226 Рік тому +2

      "No color yet the atmosphere is absolutely perfect... Bela Lagosi! 🥰🥰🤗

    • @genericwhitekidthesecond4330
      @genericwhitekidthesecond4330 Рік тому +3

      Something that I think is worth pointing out is that by 1931 sound movies were still a relatively new thing being that the first sound film was in 1927 and even that the moments with sound in that movie were very brief.
      This is why it might seem jarring to watch today because outside of the main theme of the movie and when people were talking there was no effort made towards creating a soundscape or any sort of film score/soundtrack.
      This silence though just really works in these movies and doesn't come off as awkward.

    • @jackbrigoli7452
      @jackbrigoli7452 Рік тому +3

      @genericwhitekidthesecond4330 That's very true. I just love the way the silence works, and even the lack of music has a profound and creepy effect.

  • @margaritabell
    @margaritabell Рік тому +101

    Bela's Dracula is the perfect mix of classy, charming, seductive, commanding, creepy and mysterious, I just adore him! Not to mention that iconic voice. Such a great performance, and the definitive take on the Count!!

    • @actorvijayofficial_68
      @actorvijayofficial_68 Рік тому +4

      And gay

    • @eq1373
      @eq1373 10 місяців тому

      Gay?

    • @gabrielelatorre22
      @gabrielelatorre22 6 місяців тому

      ​@@actorvijayofficial_68gay ?🧐

    • @drewski1535
      @drewski1535 4 місяці тому

      No one can do better than Bela Lugosi they don't have talent like this anymore

    • @johnkamadeva4747
      @johnkamadeva4747 3 місяці тому

      @@actorvijayofficial_68 you’re talking about yourself son 😆

  • @lisardo
    @lisardo 2 роки тому +116

    I know this is the start of the "talkies" and all, but the lack of music makes it creepier! Great scene!

    • @raulquiroz7492
      @raulquiroz7492 Рік тому +20

      I agree. I hate that all these new horror films have obnoxious soundtracks. Don't get me wrong there are a few modern horror films with surprisingly great osts, but nothing beats pure silence, because like you said it forces the viewer to fully immerse themselves in the visuals and non-musical sounds.

    • @roarickshults3171
      @roarickshults3171 Рік тому +14

      The absence of music makes it almost feel like a stage play (in a good way).

    • @alejandroperez-yy9ym
      @alejandroperez-yy9ym 11 місяців тому +2

      Very very creepy indeed

    • @Queen_Miku
      @Queen_Miku 9 місяців тому +1

      I saw this movie in my 4th period class and the silence made me fall asleep about halfway into this movie and i really wish i could've seen those parts i fell asleep to now- (Don't blame me since school starts at 7am for me and i'm tired af more than half of the time)

    • @JeffreyPiatt
      @JeffreyPiatt 4 місяці тому

      because not every town had a s aound equipt projector they were still distributing films in this era in Silent format. so the film has spacing to place the cards

  • @BB1951
    @BB1951 Рік тому +74

    "I beed you velcome!"
    Fantastic restoration. The amount of work put into this is hard to fathom. Without the background hiss, scratches or frame jumps, it looks pristine.

  • @eharper7
    @eharper7 Рік тому +49

    Dracula: I am Dracula
    Me: That's nice. I'll be going now.

  • @lw3646
    @lw3646 2 роки тому +41

    So many films today are just wall to wall music, the lack of it here I think actually makes it creepier and makes you watch closer.

  • @Carface_Youtube
    @Carface_Youtube 2 роки тому +64

    Amazing set design.

  • @russiantroubleyakutsk1612
    @russiantroubleyakutsk1612 2 роки тому +39

    Watched this from Brasov, Romania!

  • @aarondaguio7179
    @aarondaguio7179 Рік тому +19

    “I am…Dracula.”
    Lugosi is not saying he’s Dracula…he’s TELLING you he’s Dracula.

    • @caroltenge5147
      @caroltenge5147 Місяць тому

      Lugosi is not playing Dracula…he’s TELLING you he IS Dracula!

  • @captainamerica6525
    @captainamerica6525 Рік тому +31

    "I am Dracula. I bid you welcome".
    Gotta go!

  • @jenniferbassfirstchannel
    @jenniferbassfirstchannel Рік тому +40

    Nothing better than watching Dracula on a rainy day or night! ❤❤

    • @someguy42093
      @someguy42093 4 місяці тому

      With the Philip glass/kronos quartet score!!! It’s so great. Swan lake Dosent work.

  • @bretflemmusic
    @bretflemmusic Рік тому +23

    I remember my parents asking me if I was gonna be scared of watching this movie when I was 7 or 8 years old I told them no> But after watching the movie I went upstairs and went into my bathroom I was thankful that I had a nightlight in my bathroom I sat down on my toilet seat for a hour in a half processing everything that I watched I was totally blown away by the movie I love every single person in this movie. And yes Bella Lugosi is Count Dracula he iin bodys that charecter so well thats scary enough in itself for anyone who's seen this movie

  • @SeanTheDisneyGuy
    @SeanTheDisneyGuy Рік тому +10

    RENFIELD: Aren't you going to drink?
    DRACULA: I never drink Vine.

  • @andyrevo19
    @andyrevo19 11 місяців тому +10

    Literally goosebumps when Dracula enters the picture. . So iconic.

  • @781Florist
    @781Florist 11 місяців тому +8

    In addition to the accent and the gaze, I am always struck by how very long Bela's fingers are! They add to the overall creepiness of the character.

  • @WillScarlet16
    @WillScarlet16 Рік тому +10

    "Ah, fresh victims for my ever-growing army of the undead;"
    "Sir, you have to let go of that button."
    "OH, SON OF A...!!"

  • @andrewattenboroughtwothumb4697
    @andrewattenboroughtwothumb4697 2 роки тому +18

    an amazing classic horror movie and one of my favourite classic horror movies and stunning in 4K

  • @javiergonzalezantonio9061
    @javiergonzalezantonio9061 Рік тому +10

    Grande Bela Lugosi el mejor Drácula

  • @Dnvr8083
    @Dnvr8083 9 місяців тому +3

    English actor Ralph Fiennes has a similar facial structure, look and mimicry skills (Schindler's List, Anyegin). I think he would have been a good Dracula too.

  • @JohnDonovanProductions
    @JohnDonovanProductions 2 роки тому +8

    Browning ransacked his own earlier work for ideas ; preliminary set sketches by the designer John Ivan Hoffman are obviously based on production stills of Cedric Gibbons ' settings for London After Midnight . The director based his conception of Dracula's wives on actress Edna Tichenor's makeup as Lunette , the bat - girl in the same film , and as a final , perhaps tongue - in - cheek private joke , imported a passel of armadillos to scurry around the great hall of Dracula's castle , just as they had patrolled the shadows of Chaney's creepy house four years earlier .
    Regarding London after midnight, Forrest J Ackerman , one of the country's leading collectors of fantasy - film memorabilia , saw the film as a boy in San Francisco during its initial release , and likened Chaney's bizarre , scuttling posture to a macabre variation on Groucho Marx . The late horror writer Robert Bloch , who also saw the film as a child , recalled one of Browning's oddest bits of atmosphere : a pride of scurrying armadillos , hardly indigenous to London , but glimpsed nonetheless through the cobwebs of the vampire's mansion .

  • @jasminnemcdonald94A
    @jasminnemcdonald94A 2 роки тому +9

    I got the movie on DVD. Plus the 1979 remake with Frank Langella.

  • @lazarusblackwell6988
    @lazarusblackwell6988 Рік тому +8

    The spider spinning his web for the unwary fly.
    The blood is the life,Mr.Renfield.
    :D

  • @DR-mq1vn
    @DR-mq1vn Рік тому +12

    90 years old! Wow!

  • @Elfspeth1
    @Elfspeth1 Рік тому +3

    Apparently some vampires can transform into armadillos

  • @johnbarry5036
    @johnbarry5036 3 місяці тому +3

    amazing a 90 year old film looks this good. The 4k transfer was done well.

  • @DanBellFilmIt
    @DanBellFilmIt 4 місяці тому +1

    This restoration looks absolutely amazing. So much detail. You can see everything like the set decorators and director intended. This is definitely the most iconic horror movie of all time. Bela is amazing. I could watch this movie over and over and never grow tired of it.

  • @JohnMartin-oh6bf
    @JohnMartin-oh6bf 3 місяці тому +3

    Those sets are amazing.

  • @nelifl.9756
    @nelifl.9756 2 роки тому +9

    Bela 😍

  • @Nic-tg2ei
    @Nic-tg2ei Рік тому +4

    Nice to see such a high quality original screen version boosted with a bit of contrast. No one liked the original anyway. My favourite part so far has been the smoothing in the midtones and noise in the highlights. When you see the face, the shadows are perfectly smooth and the lit parts of the face keep the noise and sharpen the hell out of it. Nice work.

  • @luckyday465768
    @luckyday465768 Рік тому +3

    Armadillos in Transylvania?

  • @jamiewicker9837
    @jamiewicker9837 2 роки тому +8

    It’s good, but I also enjoy it with the Philip Glass score

    • @MrSloika
      @MrSloika Рік тому

      The Glass score is intrusive, it can drown out the dialog.

    • @jamiewicker9837
      @jamiewicker9837 Рік тому +1

      Disagree

    • @johnmurphy7674
      @johnmurphy7674 Рік тому +2

      I disagree. Although the score is good, it's too modern for a 30s movie.

    • @Christian-97
      @Christian-97 Рік тому

      The lack of music makes it more immersive and creepy.

  • @gregdark5203
    @gregdark5203 10 місяців тому +2

    Beautiful black and white. That stare is amazing.

  • @VincentGravesly
    @VincentGravesly 11 місяців тому +2

    Love this scene so much it always makes me grin. I like watching this movie but with friends I get a little embarrassed about how happy I am to see Lugosi on the screen 😅

  • @scottyunitedboy2925
    @scottyunitedboy2925 Місяць тому +1

    The sets here are epic and look even better in HD

  • @annalisavajda252
    @annalisavajda252 5 місяців тому +1

    Beautiful but why does he have armadillos though?

  • @Chalwa
    @Chalwa Рік тому +4

    Am I going insane? I thought he cut his thumb on a knife while getting a piece of bread. I don’t remember this version. I must be nuts.

  • @Demille40
    @Demille40 4 місяці тому +1

    The beauty of Dwight Fry’s performance is that he sees what a strange bird Dracula really is. Some of his stares at Dracula are classic. It’s like he’s thinking, “ who is this weirdo?” It even extends to Mina imitating Dracula’s accent to Lucy in London. They don’t take him seriously until the biting starts. This ironic sense of humor is what the Spanish version sorely lacks.

    • @leftcoaster67
      @leftcoaster67 28 днів тому

      I know it would have over-worked Bela. But could you imagine Bela in the Spanish Dracula? It would have been amazing.

  • @cha5
    @cha5 Рік тому +2

    I always get a kick out of the Armadillos and Opossums in this film, even though they aren't native to Transylvania, we have a lot of them in Texas.

    • @yespls4184
      @yespls4184 Рік тому +1

      Lmao exactly what i was thinking

  • @marshmallowbudgie
    @marshmallowbudgie 5 місяців тому +1

    1:16 rats, bats--armadillos?

  • @soundoflight8193
    @soundoflight8193 7 годин тому

    Is Dracula wearing a Star of David brooch?

  • @landonjr5063
    @landonjr5063 6 місяців тому +1

    I am Dracula

  • @johnd7435
    @johnd7435 Рік тому +1

    Geniuses often have cluttered residences..

  • @calrob300
    @calrob300 Місяць тому

    IDK what's 4K about this. I tried watching @ 1080 and when I zoomed in, the image was still blurry and full of film grain. The audio hiss was so prominent it sounded like heavy rain. Surely a major studio could do better.

  • @markmcnary1785
    @markmcnary1785 Місяць тому

    If it weren't for Bela Lugosi playing Dracula, there would never have been a Barnabas Collins, or Dark Shadows on TV at all in 1966. Dracula is the king of all vampires, and Barnabas Collins, is the descendant, that came after.

  • @mac651000
    @mac651000 2 місяці тому

    Re watching these scenes, it is easy to see where Gary Oldman gained his inspiration for his own, excellent portrayal of the immortal Count.

  • @themaxcollective
    @themaxcollective 6 місяців тому +2

    why are y'all putting some sort of screwy "modernized" monsters in Epic Universe?
    don't you know we love and need the classics?

  • @ooEVILGOAToo
    @ooEVILGOAToo Рік тому +2

    "I am Dracoola" :D

  • @garryferrington811
    @garryferrington811 22 дні тому

    Nice to see the lights, darks, and shadows. Matte painting looks great!

  • @FoxxoIRL-ih3sm
    @FoxxoIRL-ih3sm 5 місяців тому

    Had to look this up after getting a qyestion about it in Shovelware's Brian Game

  • @CaptainVelveeta
    @CaptainVelveeta 4 місяці тому

    4K Ultra HD? Hardly, I've seen DVD Rips that look better than this.

  • @gunzligah5764
    @gunzligah5764 Місяць тому

    This movie still very much olds up for being a hundred years old

  • @leftcoaster67
    @leftcoaster67 28 днів тому

    The famous Transylvanian Armadillos!

  • @mars353
    @mars353 26 днів тому

    “I bid you welcome” said the spider to the fly.

  • @jamesjackson4558
    @jamesjackson4558 Рік тому +1

    I never drink... wine

  • @marcusbaker830
    @marcusbaker830 4 місяці тому

    Dracula: *Sees that Renfield has a cut and gets turned on by it*

  • @downunderrob
    @downunderrob 6 місяців тому

    The Count needs a new Housekeeper. Blah blah blah!

  • @Tool-Deftonesfan101
    @Tool-Deftonesfan101 2 місяці тому

    Bauhaus brought me here!🤘🏽😈🤘🏽

  • @marcusbaker830
    @marcusbaker830 4 місяці тому

    Nicholas Cage can imitate Dracula lol

  • @jamescross5678
    @jamescross5678 Рік тому +1

    When he said I bid you welcome, it would've cool when he turned he said "walk this way" like Igore.

    • @gregoriusu
      @gregoriusu 5 місяців тому

      This isn't Mel Brooks LOL

  • @ernst91
    @ernst91 Рік тому +1

    This is historical footage.

  • @cameronpearce5943
    @cameronpearce5943 Місяць тому

    I never drink... wine...

  • @thomasreghi7052
    @thomasreghi7052 8 місяців тому

    First seen in 1962. Unforgettable! Werewolf and Jeckle and Hyde somewhat complicated this genre. FRANKENSTEIN was (not sure) an improvement.
    Couldn't begin to guess what the Countess of Polignac saw in England when they were supposed to have a second type of summer near Brussels Belgium or farther westward.

  • @SnmntlcR
    @SnmntlcR 10 місяців тому

    Confound it!! This film is sooo iconic, Bela Lugosi is incredible charming! Once It has become a reason why I started learning Romanian.
    Dracula!!

  • @marcdelente2456
    @marcdelente2456 Рік тому

    Ce qui m'a toujours fait maré ces les gents qui disent ho en noir blanc ces vieux mais qu' elles bêtises . Aujourd'hui ils y pleins de films en couleurs qui sont zéro. Les chefs d oeuvres beaucoups sont en noir et blanc par exemple le king Kong original est en noir et blanc et à un moment ont la coloriser mais la j ai vraiment dit ont est bien une époque décadente a ce niveau là.