He Never Expected Much by Thomas Hardy (detailed analysis)

Detailed analysis by Claire’s Notes of ‘He Never Expected Much’ by Thomas Hardy
Cambridge iGCSE: Songs of Ourselves Volume 4
In "He Never Expected Much," Thomas Hardy reflects on his life with a sense of acceptance and realism. The poet addresses the personified "World," expressing that he had never expected much from life, and therefore, was not disappointed by its hardships and challenges. Hardy recounts his childhood expectations, which were modest, and acknowledges that life has been true to those expectations. The poem conveys a tone of resignation and wisdom, suggesting that having humble expectations can lead to a more contented and less disillusioned existence. Hardy's message highlights the importance of managing one's expectations to cope with life's unpredictability.
He Never Expected Much by Thomas Hardy
Well, World, you have kept faith with me,
Kept faith with me;
Upon the whole you have proved to be
Much as you said you were.
Since as a child I used to lie
Upon the leaze and watch the sky,
Never, I own, expected I
That life would all be fair.
'Twas then you said, and since have said,
Times since have said,
In that mysterious voice you shed
From clouds and hills around:
"Many have loved me desperately,
Many with smooth serenity,
While some have shown contempt of me
Till they dropped underground.
"I do not promise overmuch,
Child; overmuch;
Just neutral-tinted haps and such,"
You said to minds like mine.
Wise warning for your credit's sake!
Which I for one failed not to take,
And hence could stem such strain and ache
As each year might assign.
My poetry videos all have the same structure: I start by putting the poem into its historical and biographical context where this enhances its understanding and give a short summary of the poem itself; I then look at the poem in its entirety, picking out structural features, such as metre (rhythm), any rhyming and patterns in language which the poet uses; I finish by going through the poem on a line-by-line basis, giving definitions of words and offering an interpretation of the poet’s words with justification. Most of the terminology I use (in green) is provided with a definition below, so even if you haven’t come across it before, you should still be able to understand the points I am making.
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I have been an English teacher and private tutor for more than 20 years.
Please note that any literature analysis is highly subjective and may disagree with analysis by another person. All interpretations are valid if they can be justified by reference to the text. This interpretation is my own: it is not exhaustive and there are alternatives!
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how does the poet show that he is regretful about how his life turned out? and what were the missed opportunities that you referenced in the video (the opportunities the poet missed)

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He doesn't specifically reference the missed opportunities in the poem itself. Knowledge of his life - his unhappy marriage to his wife, Emma, and his regret after she died - allows us to 'read between the lines' that he regrets not acting to improve the marriage when he had the opportunity and that he feels he has perhaps missed out on happiness because of this.

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