MRI physics overview | MRI Physics Course | Radiology Physics Course #1

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  • Опубліковано 15 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 259

  • @nathanshafe7678
    @nathanshafe7678 8 місяців тому +12

    I am a Field service engineer for a Medical Imaging service company. I work Primarily in X-ray. I was recently asked by my employer to learn MRI on my off time to prepare myself for the MRI training schools that I'll be sent to in the closing in future. MRI is so different from my typical imaging modalities that I just had no clue where to start. I am happy to say that after rewatching this video a dozen times and looking up definitions of just about every term used in the recording, that I am beginning to gain the first layer of understanding MRI. Thankyou for producing this well thought out and organized series. Keep up the fantastic work!

  • @shanaw9582
    @shanaw9582 10 місяців тому +92

    Took my ARRT licensing boards on the 19th of this month and passed! My highest scores were in Image Production which was over half of the questions and it’s all thanks to this playlist. I was lost before watching these videos and I am so grateful to have found this channel because it was the absolute best resource for understanding the physics behind mri. I cannot thank you enough for these videos and providing them for anyone free of charge.

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  10 місяців тому +26

      Well done!! Thank you for such a lovely message - made my year already 🥳

    • @AfiOye
      @AfiOye 10 місяців тому +4

      Congrats. I take mine in October and I want to go straight into MRI

    • @sandraaa.13
      @sandraaa.13 7 місяців тому +2

      congrats! i take my exam in july

    • @rakshajain734
      @rakshajain734 5 місяців тому

      How u get arrt??

    • @ermaandlee4eva
      @ermaandlee4eva 4 місяці тому

      Congratulations ❤🎉🎉🎉🎉 .. quick question how much of this are they going to want you to know on the exam?????

  • @kdka4896
    @kdka4896 7 місяців тому +21

    Dear Michael, I just wanted to express my sincere gratitude for the excellent videos you selflessly compiled for us free of charge. You truly have a gift for teaching. With the help of these I was able to pass the FRCR Part 1 Physics exam I sat a few weeks ago, I have no doubt this was largely contributed by your videos and I can’t thank you enough.

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  7 місяців тому +5

      Thank you so much. You've just made my day. Well done on passing your FRCR Part1! It's an incredible achievement. The hard work has paid off. Thank you for taking the time to come back and write such a lovely message

  • @NA-pn5ic
    @NA-pn5ic Рік тому +51

    Thank u so much...u have made physics so easy...was in desperate need of MRI physics... I wish I could give 1000likes to each of ur videos... stay blessed❤

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +2

      So happy to be able to help. Thank you for such a kind message ❤️

  • @ronymugendi3901
    @ronymugendi3901 Рік тому +6

    I am relying on these lectures to pass my exams,am confident. Thank you Dr Michael

  • @aravind6742
    @aravind6742 9 місяців тому +5

    Man i cant thank you enough.. You have made TE & TR so clear that i almost cried when i understood it..Thanks a lot🙏

  • @lindseyyy_h
    @lindseyyy_h 10 місяців тому +4

    i understood more in this single intro video than i did taking a semester long MR physics course.. so happy i found this!

  • @natanribeiro6536
    @natanribeiro6536 Рік тому +13

    🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
    00:00 🎙️ Introduction to the MRI physics module, aiming for a deep dive into specific topics.
    00:27 🧩 MRI physics is compared to building a puzzle, emphasizing the importance of understanding each piece before seeing the big picture.
    01:08 🧲 Overview of the MRI machine's layers, each representing a different type of magnet used for imaging.
    01:36 📏 Introduction to the Cartesian plane used for localizing signals within the patient.
    02:18 🎯 Explanation of nuclear magnetic resonance and the role of hydrogen atoms in MRI imaging.
    03:28 🌡️ The role of temperature in the movement of hydrogen atoms within the body.
    04:36 🔄 Discussion of the processional frequency of hydrogen atoms and its relation to the strength of the magnetic field.
    05:59 📊 Introduction to the concept of net magnetization vector and its importance in MRI imaging.
    07:20 📻 Explanation of the radio frequency pulse and its role in MRI imaging.
    09:12 🤸‍♀️ Analogy of trampoline jumping to explain the importance of matching frequencies for energy transfer.
    11:03 📉 Introduction to the free induction decay curve or the T2 star curve.
    12:26 ⏳ Explanation of the regaining of longitudinal magnetization over time.
    14:58 🕒 Discussion of Time of Echo (TE) and Time of Repetition (TR) in generating image contrast.
    16:25 📸 Explanation of how different tissues like water and fat affect MRI images.
    19:13 🛠️ Introduction to different pulse sequences used in MRI imaging.
    21:48 🗂️ Discussion of k-space, a method for storing data to create MRI images.
    22:16 📚 Final remarks, mentioning future modules and a question bank for self-assessment.
    Made with HARPA AI

  • @jillianmyers2739
    @jillianmyers2739 3 місяці тому

    Dr. Nel,
    Thank you SO MUCH for these amazing tutorials. I'm a veterinary radiology resident preparing for my preliminary boards and your X-ray, ultrasound, and MRI physics videos have been so helpful. Thank you for your incredible way of explaining these concepts and for your awesome graphics! I really appreciate the time and effort that was put into them, I recommend you to all of my resident mates!

  • @naukadladzieci
    @naukadladzieci Рік тому +18

    First proper educational explanation video with visualisation online. We all know what it means to properly cover topics first on YT. Not sure what's your drive investing so much time for so little recognition so far but I guess fascination with educating and the fact that teaching others is the highest level of effective learning. Good luck!!!

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +7

      Thank you Nauka! I just love learning and teaching. Wouldn't care if no-one was watching 🤷‍♂

  • @johnandrheyabordo644
    @johnandrheyabordo644 6 місяців тому +3

    Out of all the videos I came across with, this might be one of the most comprehensive ones! Thank you for aiding me in my study!

  • @dereksocomd
    @dereksocomd Рік тому +23

    One of the most effective educators. Im really proud of you! 💯 👏🏼

  • @shanaw9582
    @shanaw9582 Рік тому +4

    So many aha moments in this single video. You have officially rescued me from the many hours spent unsuccessfully trying to wrap my brain around these concepts. I cannot thank you enough.

  • @viviscolorfulescape6865
    @viviscolorfulescape6865 Рік тому +2

    Thank you so much for the video! It took me 3 hours to go through the 23 minutes while taking notes, but it was absolutely worth it. Even thought it´s just the overview, I already understand much more than from medschool lectures and radiology residency courses on MRI. You did a really great job! I am looking forward to studying from the following videos of this module as well.

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +2

      Wow! That’s dedication 🙏🏻 I’m so glad it was helpful. Let me know how you get on with the future videos 🙂

  • @atiqullah_nasimi
    @atiqullah_nasimi Рік тому +4

    "Thank you so much for all the hard work you put into educating us! Your passion for teaching is truly inspiring, and your dedication to helping us learn is greatly appreciated. You make learning fun and engaging, and I always look forward to your videos. Thank you again for everything you do!"

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      Wow, thank you for taking the time to write such a wonderful comment. It means a lot. I appreciate all your support!

  • @quintenmking
    @quintenmking Рік тому +6

    You are the Richard Feynman of Radiology! This is brilliant - I hope you get the career opportunities you deserve!

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      Thank you. I absolutely love Feynman! So that's a major compliment! Not quite at his level though 😅 but a man can dream!

  • @MuhammadAbdullah-el5wz
    @MuhammadAbdullah-el5wz Рік тому +2

    True Definition of the best teacher,
    You made complicated concept, look so easy, highly appreciate your efforts!

  • @Seli6358
    @Seli6358 2 місяці тому +1

    This is just soo much, I am always worry of any physics , im not understanding yet, but this guy teaches so well, I know I just have to watch this first few videos a couple times, bro thank you for not trying to be one of those annoying overcomplicated professors who think they know it all. Bless you !

  • @Tshastudies
    @Tshastudies 12 днів тому

    The amount of effort thats gone into this really shows and it saved my life before an exam. Thanks:))

  • @brushwork_journey
    @brushwork_journey Рік тому +9

    Thank you for making these tutorials, I’ve been struggling with MRI physics for 4 years, even after acquiring radiology license there are concepts that are unclear to me. But after seeing two episodes of this series, some of my previous questions were solved, and I’ll see other episodes in the following days.
    Thank you again for the awesome contribution!❤

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +5

      Wow! Thank you so much Pang-Yen. I hope the rest of the videos help to cement your MRI physics knowledge 🙏🏻

  • @sara-xp8dc
    @sara-xp8dc 9 місяців тому +2

    my mind was just blown, thank you thank you thank you for explaining this so well

  • @sageof6pandas233
    @sageof6pandas233 3 місяці тому +2

    Im completely new to this science and am considering a career as an MRI technologist, this science seems so genuinely fascinating

  • @phoenix_c2785
    @phoenix_c2785 Рік тому +1

    thank you so much, I know this type of conteint may not provide so much views and interaction, but it is helping a lot of people. you are a very kind man thank you so much.

  • @christoslalos3688
    @christoslalos3688 Місяць тому

    That was the best video about MRI physics. Thank you!

  • @julessoto137
    @julessoto137 5 місяців тому

    Thank you for all your hard work. I just passed my Radiology Board. Your Xray vids were what I started off with in prepping for. I'm now embarking on passing the MRI Boards and am starting with your videos. As some have said in comments, you and your videos are a blessing. You Rock!

  • @zack_120
    @zack_120 Рік тому +1

    Excellent illustration of MRI imaging technique, clear and succinct even tho brief, impossible without thorough understanding of it, no wonder you are the teacher 👍👍👍

  • @karibailey8363
    @karibailey8363 2 місяці тому

    I just need to thank you for these videos. You have made a lot of concepts make more sense to me and I am SO grateful! I am studying for my MRI boards next month. Your videos have helped me immensely! I’m hoping to pass the first try with your help 🤞🏻

  • @novemberzed9163
    @novemberzed9163 Місяць тому

    You gave me a better understanding of MRI than my professor at one of Scandinavia´s most "prestigious" universities. Well done sir.

  • @aishausmanmbusube7747
    @aishausmanmbusube7747 Місяць тому

    masha allah i really lve ur method of teaching and i used ur own vid on xray production to pass my exam tnk u so much i am from Nigeria luv u so much!!!! i respect u More n more tnk u

  • @utsavganguly6629
    @utsavganguly6629 Рік тому +3

    You're doing a phenomenal job, Dr. Michael. I'm revisiting some of these concepts for teaching radiographers and I have to say, this is probably the best, most organised resource for MRI physics out there. Keep up the amazing work man!

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      Thank you Utsav. I really appreciate all the support you’ve given me over the last year!

  • @dradityakumar3157
    @dradityakumar3157 Рік тому +1

    Can’t expressed in words ur selfless efforts and pain ur taking to make such a tough subject lucid for students. It’s next level.I think GOD been there always to bless you.😊

  • @alexworshiper21
    @alexworshiper21 3 місяці тому

    Your videos are great Michael!! Your teaching skills are really good! Thanks a lot!!

  • @malmajak20
    @malmajak20 Місяць тому

    Loving ur lectures all the away from Ethiopia 🇪🇹 been watching started from x-ray physics now mri and will be finalizing it with ultrasound in 2026

  • @lhyllianamarseilles
    @lhyllianamarseilles Рік тому

    I am a visual learner and I need to see picture things in my head to understand it. I wish you were my teacher!:) thank you so much for the videos. Great that you numbered them too.

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      You are so welcome! Happy to be your teacher here on UA-cam! Hope you find the series useful 😊

  • @megangunka9642
    @megangunka9642 3 місяці тому

    Thank you so much for your amazing videos!!! I passed my ARRT boards thanks to your lectures.

  • @shahadab6294
    @shahadab6294 Рік тому +1

    Such a perfect timing! I'm taking the MRI course next semester and I can't wait to watch this series :))

  • @ahmadzakkifadhilurrahman1875
    @ahmadzakkifadhilurrahman1875 2 місяці тому

    Thankyou soo much this is the simple yet the best explanation about MRI in general... Making me curious all other series your video🎉🎉

  • @LindseyT
    @LindseyT 2 місяці тому

    Really nice. Thank you! Love how clear and easy it is to understand.

  • @ZahraHassani-ld7rm
    @ZahraHassani-ld7rm Рік тому

    I really appreciate you making these perfect series of videos on MRI. It helps me a lot. thank you million times. I wish you could give thousands of like for your fantastic videos as you deserve that.

  • @awayiflew
    @awayiflew 7 місяців тому

    Learning MRI right now..Read a few chapters of my MRI book. So so many AHA! moments with your explanations! Very well done, easy to understand, all the puzzle pieces are now coming together!

  • @fereshtahs2267
    @fereshtahs2267 2 місяці тому

    Thank you so much for explaining everything so clearly😩 I needed this so much☘️☘️

  • @thebonj8
    @thebonj8 Рік тому

    Holy crap that was good. Just started my radiology residency and the first time I read about MRI physics was a mess. But this video alone allowed me to understand what I was reading. Thank you so much!

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      Yes Mildenze 🙌🏼 love to hear it! So happy this has helped you. Hope your residency has started well 🙂

  • @PBandJsandwich
    @PBandJsandwich 16 днів тому

    Very clear explanation and graphics. Thank you.

  • @TheHyperMD
    @TheHyperMD 10 місяців тому +1

    I LOVE the trampoline part!

  • @georgegrubbs2966
    @georgegrubbs2966 Рік тому

    I'm taking a Neuroimaging course and this series is helping tremendously. Very clear presentations.

  • @nadaiMel
    @nadaiMel 9 місяців тому +2

    Awesome lecture! Thank you very very much.

  • @dr.rezanikandish6073
    @dr.rezanikandish6073 6 місяців тому +1

    Thank you for your excellent presentation. I think that including all of the concepts briefly in an introductory lecture of MRI make the big picture very horrifying

  • @zodking4839
    @zodking4839 3 місяці тому

    This helped me a lot to understand the basic principle of MRI ❤ You are really a great teacher , keep growing , keep teaching . Love from India 🇮🇳

  • @sunroz5769
    @sunroz5769 3 місяці тому

    Thank you for the very useful explanation and the nice illustrations
    I have a question..
    I could not link these 2 statements
    That every atom has different precessional frequency with the statement that the applied RF pulse will have the same precessional frequency of the spins
    if we have many atoms and each has different precessional frequency then how come the RF will have one precessional frequency

  • @sadafaamir9753
    @sadafaamir9753 Рік тому +1

    Thank you Sir. Also expect videos on flouroscopy, mammography and computed tomography. Bcoz i am sure your videos will solve all our problem regarding these topics.
    Great work. ❤

  • @stantech8855
    @stantech8855 Рік тому

    Thanks Dr you are making our lives easier.... Lot of love

  • @iaintyoaverage
    @iaintyoaverage Рік тому

    I really appreciate the analogies you used to explain difficult concepts. I had a really bad instructor for my mri physics class and this one video was more helpful than sitting in his 3 hour lecture. I look forward to more of your videos as i am preparing for mri certification exam. Thanks again for your amazing video(s) !!!

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      Glad it was helpful! Hope the videos will continue to help you!

  • @ralphreginaldordiales5688
    @ralphreginaldordiales5688 Рік тому

    one of the best lecturer ive ever watched, thank you sir for spreading information and ideas

  • @ariwasonemeka9142
    @ariwasonemeka9142 Рік тому +1

    Thank you 🎉. I have finally understand MRI physics

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      You’re welcome! The more you learn about MRI the less you understand 😅 but I’m glad this has helped!

  • @danielesalvatorelli1978
    @danielesalvatorelli1978 9 днів тому

    I'm studying to become an x-ray tech and man, you saved my life.

  • @PongoGamerz
    @PongoGamerz Рік тому

    Thank you. Absolutely carried my way through x-ray and uss. Ready to be carried through mri

  • @berfin2098
    @berfin2098 9 місяців тому

    I am not sure yet, but I think you just saved my master’s in neuroscience. I do not have a STEM background and this was INCREDIBLY helpful

  • @zunairamalik7883
    @zunairamalik7883 Рік тому

    I'm really grateful. Your lectures are a blessing for me. Keep up the good work. Lots of prayers for you. Can't wait for more MR physics and CT physics lectures .

  • @yatidubey9234
    @yatidubey9234 Рік тому

    Your videos are honestly so helpful! Lol they are going to be the only reason I pass my radiology physics exam.

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      😆I'm so glad you're finding them useful! Good luck for your exam, I'm sure you'll crush it!

  • @zbigniewbrzezinski8869
    @zbigniewbrzezinski8869 Рік тому

    Superb video, very informative!
    You are a perfect teacher.
    Thank you so much.

  • @snamorsixteen
    @snamorsixteen Рік тому

    I’m in the middle of step 1 review and your vids are so helpful. Congrats on your growing channel!

  • @chrisdao
    @chrisdao Рік тому

    Thanks for this, i was looking for some great videos to check out before I start taking my MRI

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      Pleasure Chris. Hope you find the series useful 🙂 shout if you ever have any questions 👍🏼

  • @JDay19
    @JDay19 Рік тому

    You're such a good teacher man, I have to take my registry in a year and I can already tell your videos are gonna help so much, appreciate you

  • @haroonrashid5085
    @haroonrashid5085 Рік тому

    Thanks a lot, looking forward to this course and the question bank.

  • @kerryswales8135
    @kerryswales8135 Рік тому

    Great video. Thank you! I'm slightly less worried about starting this topic at uni next week now

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      I'm sure you're crushing your MRI module! Thanks for your support 🤗

  • @jeffe.3453
    @jeffe.3453 4 місяці тому

    Current MRI tech student and we're going to be starting physics in a month, this greatly helps me visualize what I'm reading. This will help me greatly 👍 thank you!! Looking forward to the rest of the videos 😊

  • @hamidrezahatamishirkouhi3188
    @hamidrezahatamishirkouhi3188 7 місяців тому

    you are truly amazing. Thank you so much. I was struggling with understanding different imaging modalities and you came to my save. Thank you

  • @jugaljames9829
    @jugaljames9829 Рік тому

    Thank you for this. Makes our life so much simpler

  • @sanjuthakur8325
    @sanjuthakur8325 Рік тому

    Thanks you for explaining so nicely hope you can start start some online courses where we can ask doubt as well

  • @AmrAhmed-v4m
    @AmrAhmed-v4m Рік тому

    LEGEND for all your physics videos. Thank you

  • @smithkouza
    @smithkouza 11 місяців тому

    Thank you for sharing this. You have made materials easily digestible with wonderful illustrations.
    I have just a question regarding the axis. Is z axis the horizontal axis or the vertical axis?

  • @JandL855
    @JandL855 3 місяці тому

    Hi Michael.
    Would you mimd sharing what tool/app/software you use to record these lectures?

  • @pau9342
    @pau9342 Рік тому

    Thank you! Just in time before my Physics exam.

  • @lydjaaa3062
    @lydjaaa3062 Рік тому

    Thank you very much doc for your help I admire your hard work

  • @QasimMehmood-qk5wh
    @QasimMehmood-qk5wh 6 місяців тому

    Beautifully explained.... God bless you with more knowledge ❤

  • @nicolechiu3368
    @nicolechiu3368 Рік тому

    Currently doing my post grad for MRI, this will be a lifesaver and carry me through to the end!

  • @katieashley9993
    @katieashley9993 Місяць тому

    I just took my ARRT MRI registry yesterday and passed with an 89!! I started my studying by watching your videos and I can’t say enough how much they helped me understand the physics!! Thank you!!

  • @zeldafreaknerd
    @zeldafreaknerd Рік тому

    I haven’t watched the video yet but thank you so much. I’ve watched your other videos and they’re very informational. I look forward to the whole series. Thank you again for making the time for us 😭

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      Thank you Victor! Can’t wait to share the whole series with you.

  • @betelehemfeseha6713
    @betelehemfeseha6713 3 місяці тому

    thank you for making a difficult concept make sense

  • @LubnashamsLubnasham
    @LubnashamsLubnasham Рік тому +1

    Ohh my god most awaited video bt lil late fr my exam......no problem i will follow all
    Loaded luv regards

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому +1

      Thank you so much 😀 sorry it’s not in time for your exam 😖

    • @LubnashamsLubnasham
      @LubnashamsLubnasham Рік тому

      😅yeah....bt damn sure thy gona help alot....
      Keep ths tutorial onn....🙏

  • @satheeshsoman-ng1wj
    @satheeshsoman-ng1wj 3 місяці тому

    Thank you For making these videos

  • @sumathiaruleeswaran8
    @sumathiaruleeswaran8 Рік тому

    Sir hats off to u sir.such a dedicated teacher.

  • @semucino
    @semucino 7 місяців тому

    Sir I could use your help with an upcoming test. The instructors answer is contradicting research I have done. Can you help?
    Question
    Contrast in Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) depends on:
    1. The degree to which molecular mobility is impaired.
    2. The sensitivity of the sequence to Brownian motion
    3. T1 relaxation time
    4. The direction of water diffusion
    5. T2 relaxation Time
    The instructor is stating that 1,2,3 is correct.
    But the research I conducted states 1,2, and 4 is correct.
    Can you help with this and explain why?

  • @faizairum5389
    @faizairum5389 Рік тому

    I was deperatly waiting for this video to come..thanku for adding this

  • @varshithagr885
    @varshithagr885 Рік тому

    Thank you so much
    It was such a wonderful video as always
    U have made understanding physics so simple and easy..
    Amazing educator

  • @ivrikarni7249
    @ivrikarni7249 9 місяців тому

    Best explanation I have seen by far

  • @bedilumelesse3948
    @bedilumelesse3948 Рік тому

    Wat an amazing explanation ,,this topic was wat i wanted badly for many times ! Stay safe and blessed dr🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @hashemel-lakany286
    @hashemel-lakany286 Рік тому

    I'm having frcr part 1 physics in March 2024 . Your videos are amazing. Bought the Q bank as well. Wish all the curriculum was here but mri is coming and hopefully more to come. Well done❤️❤️👏👏👏

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      Thank you Hashem. Hopefully we can get through a large chuck of the curriculum before March 🙌🏼🙌🏼

  • @boitshokomothobi1394
    @boitshokomothobi1394 5 місяців тому

    You explain this so well. Please explain what sample magnetic moment is ? Can I use it interchangeably with “protons” 🤔. This confuses me so much

  • @fazaltahir4216
    @fazaltahir4216 Рік тому

    Thanks a lot sir,,, I m hopeful this series is going to be very helpful for us, stay blessed 🙌

    • @radiologytutorials
      @radiologytutorials  Рік тому

      Most welcome Fazal. Thank you again for all your support over the past few months!

  • @MuhammadIbrahim-ip7nq
    @MuhammadIbrahim-ip7nq Рік тому

    Sir u r doing excellent work ..May God bless u ❤

  • @abdulkhaliqsahak9244
    @abdulkhaliqsahak9244 Рік тому

    Thanks, with great description.

  • @glemma03
    @glemma03 Рік тому

    Incredible educator - thank you 🔥

  • @babasahebkolhal5100
    @babasahebkolhal5100 Рік тому

    Thanks Sir for best lectures

  • @removethewill
    @removethewill Рік тому

    You're videos are my week highlight 😅

  • @chelsicefai4521
    @chelsicefai4521 Рік тому

    Perfect! Thank you so much.

  • @mzamonster2008
    @mzamonster2008 10 місяців тому

    amazing video. very clear explanation for a complex topic

  • @teddyperera8531
    @teddyperera8531 6 місяців тому

    Great explanation. Thank you for making it easy to understand

  • @johnandrheyabordo644
    @johnandrheyabordo644 6 місяців тому

    At 8:10, what then happens to those atoms that are antiparallel to the B0 when the parallel ones flip perpendicularly? Do those originally antiparallel ones stay antiparallel?

  • @AsifKhan-mw4mw
    @AsifKhan-mw4mw Рік тому +1

    God bless u bro ❤