The Evolution of the Heart
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- Опубліковано 27 вер 2024
- Throughout history many different cultures across the world have concluded that the heart is the most important organ in the body. Often thinking the heart was more akin to a brain with blood vessels sending messages around the body. And although this is wrong, Its easy to see where the fascination with this organ in particular comes from, its the Centre of an incredibly complicated network of tubes meandering through almost every part of the body and is absolutely crucial for almost every function in the body. So How did such a complex mechanism evolve with multiple parts working together evolve? and how did animals get by without something so important for life, before the evolution of the heart?
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One of the best UA-cam channels IMHO
I had no idea that lungfish were the closest living relative of tetrapods, and that their lungs are homologous to ours. I always thought their lungs were the result of convergent evolution.
Probably are tbh; Lungfish Homoplasy Hypothesis is exactly this. The alternative hypotheses want you to believe you can go from a fully aquatic Lungfish like Eusthenopteron to terrestrial Amphibians in just 10 to 15 million years.
@@bustavonnutz I'm not sure I follow your reasoning. Any common ancestor with a pouch off the pharynx for air storage fits the bill, and (unless an unequivocal ancestor without this feature is somehow identified) doesn't impose any timing constraints. And in any case, “convergent” evolution often (not always) seems to involve re-emergence and development of earlier strategies. But of course I am not a lungfishologist, and I may have completely missed your point.
@@stephenspackman5573 The mechanism for evolution is random genomic change. Good luck convincing me that an animal was completely able to fundamentally alter almost every major system in its body in the amount of time it took Gorillas & Chimps to diverge.
@@bustavonnutz Actually it also works with a lot of stored historical data in the DNA, some important multilevel structuring that has evolved to speed up adaptation, and constant selective pressure. Oh, and, critically, _death_ is not random. But it sounds like you're not up for reasoning, so let's leave it there and not alienate the spectators any further.
I had no idea that lungfish were a thing that existed
criminally underrated channel
600k views on a recent video is criminally underrated to you?
@@BrianM216 he probably refers to subscriber count
Yeah he's good but it's not a small channel
@@morriskaller3549 definantly not, great content nontheless !
rl shit
Just barely found this channel. Love how chill and non - clickbait the videos are.
While watching this video the old Christian chestnut of "how did the heart, such a complex structure that seems incomplete and ineffective without all its constituent parts and aspects, evolve in steps? Surely, this disproves evolution." And here is a short video addressing every concern of that line of questioning lol. Very cool and interesting! Great job.
One of the most in depth biology channels, only the best wishes for you!
This was great! Would love to see more videos on specific organs or body parts! How about one on the evolution of fingernails?
And how nail bars evolved
The substitute teacher who doesn't have them and enjoys frightening children...
This is such a good idea. I’d watch 20 videos like this about where our hair, digits, chins, etc etc come from.
You skipped something cool - four chambered hearts may be better for an active lifestyle, but three chambered hearts are better for animals that hold their breath underwater because they can make the body circuit a closed loop.
Underrated comment!
I'm a bit sad you didn't mention the crocodilians who have a four chambered heart that acts like a three chambered heart.
could you explain how that works? ive heard of this but dont fully understand it
@@astrowyrm6871 to put things very broadly: cold blooded vertebrates have two or three chambered hearts and warm blooded vertebrates have four chambered hearts. Crocodilians had ancestors that were warm blooded, in fact, the lineage that would eventually lead to crocodilians were warm blooded up until very recently, but said lineage eventually had evolutionary pressure to become aquatic ambush predators, a lifestyle that favors being cold-blooded, which required their hearts to act like a three chambered heart. How this was achieved is by having veins that led from the ventricles to the rest of the body mix the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood together. Crocodilians, can, however, have their heart act like a four chambered heart again in the presence of adrenaline which closes off the veins, causing the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to be separate from each other.
Fun fact: the only reason why crocodilians didn't die out from the asteroid when the non-avian dinosaurs did is because they were cold blooded. It just goes to show that warm-bloodedness isn't inherently superior to cold-bloodedness, evolutionarily speaking.
@@brightblue6184 this is fascinating, however I don't understand why having the blood mix would have any advantage over not
@@lithobreak3812 I don't fully understand it either, but I think it reduces how much oxygen the body consumes, which allows the the organism to go on "low power mode" without any further modification. But just to make clear: this is just a guess rather than definitive fact.
@@brightblue6184 I don’t think that’s really the full picture cause birds are warm blooded and survived and mammals came to dominate in that time. The extinction of non avian dinosaurs isn’t fully understood but it generally revolves around changes in niches.
This channel is so high quality and the narrator has the perfect cadence. I would probably pay for a full length movie about one deep subject.
If you're looking for suggestions on other video topics I think digestive system would be really cool. Bring in ideas of how its on the outside of our body and how it came from radial symetry etc. Regardless i love the vids
This is such an amazing video, I love it so much. There were so many bells going off in my brain saying "so THAT'S how that's works" throughout the video. Simply great
Jellyfish don't have hearts but they don't know it because they don't have brains.
If anyone was thinking, "if insects are size-limited by their open circulatory system, how'd they get big during the carboniferous?" There was a crap ton more oxygen readily available in the air back then.
Yes it's because the devs realized that by opening the land servers to everyone was going to be a bad idea if there wasn't enough XP sources for everyone. So they decided to add a crap ton of trees. However this increase the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere thus the arthropried mains had a higher size limit. For example: there was a millipede type build roughly the size of a small car.
@@Rose-yx6jq tierzoo fan spotted
@@DangleBlampy I'm literally watch a video of theirs rn.
This is a fantastic idea, I'd love to see the evolution of other bodyparts! Can I suggest you do the human brain next?
Evolution of the human brain specifically is a whole can of worms, and it opens up into long arguments about eugenics and ill-regarded 20th century political ideologies.
I concur.
Or eyes!
Insect brain
the brain studies the brain and teaches other brains about the brain
So that must mean that birds and mammals evolved 4 chambered hearts independently, right? Are they different from each other?
Also, this is a great idea for a series! It would be cool to see the evolution of things like eyes, ears, different kinds of feet, etc.
They have different arrangements of the aortic arches. Crocs have the same 4-chambered hearts as birds, but a valve allowing them to mix the blood like basal amniotes.
Perhaps there was a common ancestor to archosaurs and synapsids that had already split from other reptiles? 🤔
@@jackslater5886 not possible, birds and crocodilians have much more in common with turtles and lizards than with mammals. It's more likely that a 4 chambered heart evolved separately in archosaurs and synapsids.
@@tehkaihong5328Which would make sense given they were relatively active animals with faster metabolisms.
Best channel of its type on YT.
Your voice is perfect for these videos. I watch the videos when they are published but binge when I want to sleep and need a soothing voice and interesting material
Same
a video on the integumentary system might be a good idea, specifically the evolution of skin and how it lead to things like hair, feathers & scales
The evolution of the eye would be cool I guess! Great vid!
Which eye. There are 3 completely different types of eye, and multiple variations in 2 of them. There's a book about this, but i forget the title of it.
The evolution of eyes is also very interesting.
I love the way your videos explain the process of evolution. I'd like to see one that examines the evolutionary pressures that cause animals to become herbivores or carnivores. What causes a species to evolve from grazing peacefully with another and then one generation, they decide to attack and eat them.
Absolutely incredible. Thank you
I absolutely love these kind of evolution of body parts videos. Like why do we have five digits on our hands and feet. This one about the heart was fascinating. Thank you!
Crocodilians actually have four chambered hearts, though they had evolved a special valve that allows their heart to operate as a three chambered heart in order to conserve oxygen while underwater. Crocodilians evolved from mesothermic ancestors that also gave rise to the dinosaurs (birds included) who retained the four chambered heart.
Every time I catch one of your videos in the algorithm stream, I have to double check that I'm subscribed because you're an amazing content creator and I have to make sure I can catch every new video
It's been a while since we saw one of your videos. I hope you are alright.
This was another gem. Thank you.
Very interesting subject.
It's been a long road
Getting from there to here
It's been a long time
But my time is finally near
And I can feel the change in the wind right now
Nothing's in my way
And they're not gonna hold me down no more…
( I can’t resist. Sorry )
Had never thought that my VSD could have been some sort of callback to reptilian hearts. But now it makes so much sense. Evolution being traceable backwards is so cool.
Amazing content as always, just a pleasure to watch, listen and learn
I've never seen such an informative explanation on the heart's evolution. Thank you for this research.
With all due respect, this is some oretty entry level information. A simple Wikipedia search on the topic reveals this much. No real research required.
@@Luckingsworth Wikipedia is very reliable and straightforward with its information, it's about the most popular go-to site there is for general information. But you're right, it is limited on how deep and descrptive it gets with its topics. To find even more detailed information on topics in biology or science, Scientific American is a good site.
I've learnt so much from your videos and I just love them. Thank you so much.
I just love jellyfishes. Heart? Brain? Sensory organs? No need mate! Just slowly wobble and let life happen.
Great video! This is one of the best evolution/paleontology channels on the website
What about the blood ark clam? It's unusual in that, despite it's relatives having copper based blood (hemocyanin) it is an invertebrate that has iron based blood (hemoglobin).
Very interesting. Good video.
Evolution is such a beautiful and terrifying thing
Great one! Fortuitous that the ancestral lungfish set us up with separate pulmonary and systemic circuits which would need different pressures to serve their respective functions anyway
We should all say thanks to evolution for ensuring insects cannot grow to the size of mammals
Not at our current oxygen levels, at least.
@@hobosorcerer I doubt if we need to worry about that for a while
The micro-est microbats wish it were so.
They used to during the Carboniferous
Thanks for making these videos! I think about these things but sometimes I can't really understand the research papers and I don't totally trust wikipedia so it's cool to have an easy to understand resource!
I’m really interested in how venom evolved. Like which was the first organism to have venom.
appreciate your work! thank you so much!
Thanks for adding this to the play list Kyle.
Always interesting, and always learn something new
For insects, their blood is actually not responsible for oxygen circulation. Their blood transports nutrients, but their cells get oxygen through a network of tubes called trachea. The tubes naturally diffuse with their surrounding atmosphere when open.
Hey moth media. I’ve always wonder what the significance of eye contact was within the animal kingdom. It seems to be a very mammal thing but also inter species like dogs and humans exchanging eye contact. When it developed and the significance of it from an evolutionary perspective. Thank you!
simply my favorite channel! I coudn´t be more grateful for this amazing content!!! Saludos desde Chile
ah nice! I've been waiting for this
Such interesting video! Would love to see some more organs or body parts
I have heart defects that result in me having only three chambers and one circuit. People really do not understand just how much a human-sized creature needs those two circuits to function.
It makes me shudder to think just *how many* fossils that are found by ordinary people or companies are mistaken for rocks and are thrown away or destroyed.
It's truely amazing how we evolved from fish to a creature so incredibly complex as we are. We evolved an entire organ to take over the job of getting some molecules from one place to the other.
Some conscious thing powers this interlocking, pack of molecules which even takes care of it's need for certain other molecules.
Truely fascinating.
As usual, this is an absolute banger
I approve 🫀
No way! Love ur content first year MS
Didn't expect to find you in these comments
I 🫀this video
Underrated
My Ex didn't have one.
Let's all mutually agree that the clip of the crab hopping to another rock was the coolest part of the video.
This would of been a good video for Valentine's Day. ❤️
Appreciate your polite dismissal of cultural beliefs that are fictitious nonsense. Too many people in the public space seem to think, or at least say they think, that we must respect cultural beliefs, especially those espoused by screaming idiots, labelled as “religious beliefs”. Why? … _Just because._ Anyone with half a brain can see the mess into which that has landed us.
For real. The 9/11 hijackers were pretty fucking sincere in their beliefs, that doesn't mean their beliefs were respectable.
@@zackakai5173 Particularly.
evolution is a 'process' and u can't see it, it means evolution is a belief system as well.😅
@@amano22 not when there's overwhelming epidence to prove it. I recommend watching the Professor Dave vs Kent Hovind video. Kent being a creationist, and is called out for his stupidity in the debate.
@@prehistoricnerd2068 I repeat it again, evolution is just a 'process', similar with mechanism, method, tools and u can't see it, it means evolution is a belief system as well.
ur 'overwhelming evidences' is bound to each individual interpretation of the evidences, etc.
Cool concept!
Such a great content creator for evolution information
I just wanted to say I found that fascinating. You've got a new subscriber!
Super interesting and well presented! Thanks!
I love your content. But could you put it all into a playlist so i can download it all in 1 go and watch/listen to it while im at work
"The Evolution of the Heart" sounds like the title of a novel about loss, family, and a slow, painful journey toward self-discovery.
Really interesting video!
I love all these little critters.
Crocodilians have four-chambered hearts, but they have a special valve that allows their hearts to function as three chambered heart in order to conserve oxygen while diving.
Wait what about the gigantic insects in the prehistoric ages? Did they have open systems despite their size?
Correct! It's thought that due to a higher atmospheric oxygen content they were able to survive and thrive at their big sizes.
Can you do the evolution of all body organs? I am particularly interested in how a multifunctional organ as the liver evolved.
The fact you only have 430k subs is criminal
Great video.
I love your content I dont really understand much of it but its very enjoyable :D
If the video mentioned this I missed it, but octopuses and squids have three hearts: one for each set of gills, and one to pump blood (hemolymph) through the body.
Cephalopod CPR requires at least three arms
interesting video. would love to see an evolution of the eye 👁 next.
Do you think that something like arthropleura would have needed a closed circulatory system given how huge they were?
Excellent video as always.
I've never seen a crab jump before 2:40
He walked on the water
Mammals, to jellyfish: "You have no heart! How can you exist?"
Jellyfish: Oh, you know -- we get by."
Literally using this to study for my vert biology class
A heart is found in the following animal phyla:
Chordates
Hemichordates
Arthropods (absent in many microscopic species)
Velvet worms (onychophorans)
Segmented worms (annelids)
Molluscs
Lamp shells (brachiopods)
so basically every bilateral animal out there
@@Ledinosour673 You think the animals on my list are the only bilateral animals out there? Mites, echinoderms (evolved from bilateral ancestors), priapulides, nematodes, rotifers, tardigrades, arrow worms, bryozoans and flatworms are among the animals where a heart is absent.
This is a fantastic video! Subscribed!
your videos are just great!
Imagine if you went back 300 million years and killed a specimen that had a hugely beneficial mutation, imagine how different things would be, maybe we'd still be on all fours..
Incredible piece of information
Great chanel👍
Did no one see that crab jump?!? Crabs can jump!?! Why did I not know this before today???
great video , keep uploading
I'd be tender - I'd be gentle and awful sentimental
Regarding love and art.
I'd be friends with the sparrows ... and the boys who shoots the arrows
If I only had a heart.
You see, it all starts with a little love
can't believe my heart started out in the ocean
Now I need a whole series of you describing how organs evolved.
That and a jellyfish video. 😅
"The heart doesn't pump blood in one single direction, and instead the blood sloshes around the body cavity." Sounds really inefficient. All that hemolymph sloshing around. Real waste.
Good video. It's really interesting to hear about the older versions of the heart and how many animals get along fine with three or even two chambered hearts. I think it helps show how a seemingly complex organ or system, like the heart and its veins and arteries could evolve over time. I'd be interested in more looks at organs and systems. I'm currently reading Children of Time, about super evolved hyper intelligent spiders and I've heard arthropod lungs would need an upgrade for a larger body/ energy intensive life. Maybe you could do that next.
Great video as always, very informative! Although, you think you could do a "Evolution of Parrots" video?
08:47 Is there an advantage for insects to have a simple blood system? Or what would an insect be like if it had a complex blood system as we do?
We wouldn't be here lol
They simply don't need one, their current system works and so there is no evolutionary pressure for it to come up. It's less about our system being superior and more about it fitting more into what a human needs. In nature, the simplest working solution is usually the first to evolve.
Superior vena cava gang
That crab actually jumped from one stone to the other ?, never seen a jumping crab before :O
A great education video for sure, The Algorithm wins today.
Liked, commented and subscribed.
Fascinating video
It would have been interesting to discuss all the purposes of the heart, the function - and relate that to structure.
Also it would have been interesting to discuss the ecological, biochemical and physiological pressures, and how different animals have 'evolved' different solutions to these pressures.