Excellent explanation. I’m a semester away from an MBA and this beats all the textbook explanations I’ve read. Quick question. All the FV/PV examples rely on some sort of guaranteed or safe interest rate. How do our current extremely low guaranteed interest rates affect calculations like this? Given a 1% safe rate if you’re lucky, almost any project looks like a better investment.
Hello Jason! Thank you for the kind words. Yes, the extremely low interest rates should affect capital budgeting calculations (through the denominator in the calculation: cost of capital). However, the numerator also gets more volatile and tougher to predict. That might be the reason companies are still holding back with investing. Besides low interest rates (driven by the monetary policy of central banks), governments try to stimulate investments through favorable depreciation treatments on the taxation side. For that last point, see my recent video on deferred tax liabilities: ua-cam.com/video/wom7IBNnXM8/v-deo.html
Great video, in the future you could consider showing us old folks how to input this into a calculator. It's been a long time since I've had to do this type of work.
Thanks, Joshua! I am more of a spreadsheet guy myself. Here's the link to my video on calculating Net Present Value in Excel: ua-cam.com/video/jQ_NDQ2qVVA/v-deo.html
Thank you so much! 😊 Once you understand time value of money, terms like NPV and IRR are easy to grasp: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
Thank you! I try to make videos mainly in 4 areas: financial statement analysis, accounting, investing, and Excel tutorials. 272 videos in total to choose from, hope you find a few more that are helpful.
Glad it helped! Have a look at how you can apply the time value of money concept to investment analysis through for example NPV: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
Hi Finance storyteller, this is not related to the title here, but i'v been your subscriber and using your videos to learn about Finance. So grateful i'v found you. What book will u recommend for a newbie in finance to practise the maths with cases and examples in it?
Hello Yenny! I don't have a particular book recommendation for you. I would start from real life: do you have shares in any companies listed on the stock market, or are you in general interested in the performance of some well-known companies? Download their annual report, review the financial statements, read the MD&A (management discussion and analysis), and calculate things like gross margin %, operating margin %, current ratio, etc.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller Hi... Real case examples yes that would be the best! :) I agree. Well, I am here actually for 2 main missions and goals. I am a teacher (cambridge curriculum) and trying to get my cert in finance so i will be eligible to teach finance to secondary and high school students (my bachelor degree is not linear to finance). That tagline 'New to finance & accounting? Start here' works like a map, thx a lot :). I've been reading books related to behavioral finance as well. Secondly, yes, i'v been learning about investment also through books and videos and is into investing but I only buy domestic stocks (southeast asia) .. well for now. Ok, then but your answer rings the bell! Use real examples for real cases in class. I might be joining to become member. But right now, i have plenty to learn from your channel. Thx again for delivering the complex material in a light way. You are an inspiration. This is a brilliant work here!
Wow, thank you so much! It is wonderful to receive such compliments, and exciting to "meet" (in a virtual way) other people from around the world that have a love of learning. :-) Yes, especially with secondary and high school students, it is important to relate to products and companies they are familiar with (Apple, Google, Netflix. etc/). You can get them thinking about how much money these companies make (in terms of profitability for example), my Gross Margin / Operating Margin video has a good quiz question for this: ua-cam.com/video/VCMJzG1AaXA/v-deo.html Follow-up question to the video is why certain companies/industries have a certain range of profitability. Regarding Netflix, they do very well in certain areas of financial results, but struggle in other areas: ua-cam.com/video/ikizI8dX1SA/v-deo.html What I found out myself after studying finance concepts in school and university, is that I knew how to calculate a lot of things, but I was not "calibrated" on ranges of outcomes in real life. My video on the current ratio (balance sheet analysis of liquidity) is an example there: ua-cam.com/video/dkiSWO2OYho/v-deo.html My "Community" tab has some multiple choice review questions, take a look if any of these are useful for you. Happy to connect with you! Look forward to more questions or suggestions.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller hi again, yes true! Real life examples are applicable and that should be more compelling for the students to win the challenges in class. I want to teach differently and thx for the input for teachers community. :) 'calibrate' hmmm, i see. For the channel community, yeah i've just checked what's inside and did 1. Will do more. Thx also for the links u inserted here. I will def ask questions and give suggestions next time as I become more comprehended and engaged with this fundamental 'wish i had known this way back before' subject. Foremost, thank u so much for replying me. :))
Have a look at the videos in my NPV IRR WACC playlist to see how to apply the time value of money concept in calculations to evalulate investment projects: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQB
@@salmaalqubaisi2017 Sure, post the question below the video topic that it relates to. I will be happy to provide help, but don't make people's homework.
It's a thought experiment. A conversation between two people. Question 1. Would you prefer $100 today, or $100 one year from now? Answer: $100 today. Question 2. What about a choice between $100 today or $101 next year? Answer: $100 today. Question 3. How about $100 today or $110 next year? Answer: $110 next year. Question 4. How about a choice of $100 today or $105 one year from now? Answer: fine either way, which means you have found the equivalent amounts in time $100 today * 1.05 (which is 1 + rate of return) = $105 next year. In the corporate world, the rate of return is often determined as the WACC ua-cam.com/video/1O-DbtVueMw/v-deo.html or alternatively as the hurdle rate ua-cam.com/video/8EyFLdOTuHU/v-deo.html Hope this helps!
Hi Hazel! That is very long time span looking back and looking forward. Who knows what the world looks like 50 years from now, and whether we even still use the same currencies. I find time value of money a useful concept mostly in the mid-term years: 3, 5 maybe 10 years.
But the issue is there is no inflation rate included. Supposed it is an investment (there is no other way we can get free money), we get the AMOUNT of it but what is the value? How we want to make sure the amount we get represents the value we have now when the interest rate (what we get) can differ depending on banks or the type of investment?
@@TheFinanceStoryteller I know it will be difficult to determine the true value because it depends on who we trade with. So it can be said that in TVOM we assume the interest rate already includes the inflation rate. Am I right?
Agree! Sadly enough, in today's economic circumstances in Europe, banks offer an interest rate that is lower than the inflation rate, which has prompted me to put my money elsewhere (higher yielding and obviously also higher risk bonds of small to medium enterprises).
The formulas still work.... For example, if you are trying to calculate with 6 months, then put n= 0.5, if you are trying to calculate 3 months, then n = 0.25. Future value = present value * (1+r)^n Present value = future value / (1+r)^n
Sorry, I am not sure I fully understand your question. If I personally had millions of dollars/Euros/etc, I would put them to productive use to generate yields, rather than have the money just sit there doing nothing.
For "personal finance" cases, you could take the interest rate. For "business" cases, many people would use WACC ua-cam.com/video/1O-DbtVueMw/v-deo.html or a hurdle rate ua-cam.com/video/8EyFLdOTuHU/v-deo.html
So is this how interest rates are determined? Supply and demand for money given now versus money given after a delay? If we all agree to postpone our consumption of $100 until one year from now, for a “price” of $5, is that tantamount to saying that our debtors will need to offer us 5%/year for the use of our money?
Hi Jeff! I like to think about the $100 today / $105 one year from now equivalents as my "required rate of return". If a bank offers me 2% interest on a savings account, then that would be below my 5% required rate of return. If investing in a high dividend yield stock is expected to generate 8% return, then that would be above my 5% required rate of return. Obviously, the latter is more risky than the former, and an expected return is by no means a guarantee. I could split my savings 50/50 between the two (savings account and stock investment), and on average expect to get to the 5% required rate of return. The way interest rates are determined is a whole different topic. It is indeed a matter of supply and demand, with as the starting point the interest rates that central banks charge to commercial banks for various lengths of time. On top of that would come a "risk premium". Central banks have as their main, or at least one of their main goals, keeping inflation at relatively low rates (near +2%) and tend to adjust interest rates up or down accordingly. A bit more information on this in my video on inflation: ua-cam.com/video/dcBBRhNA_QM/v-deo.html
The Finance Storyteller Gosh, I just think it’s a total miracle that I can ask a question on UA-cam and receive such a comprehensive, first-rate response. Thank you...seriously, it is so, so generous of you to share this information. And you explain it so well. You’ve got a new subscriber! Sounds like I will have to look into interest rates some more; clearly there are mechanisms with which I’m still not familiar. I was just trying to resolve something I heard about “money now” being in higher demand than “money later,” and wondered whether interest rates might be the “price” the market has to pay creditors for parting with their money for some length of time. It seems to me that if enough people decided 2% wasn’t a sufficient return on their money, the banks might be forced to hike that rate up to sweeten the deal for them... In other words, the cash supply curve shifts leftward, thereby raising its price...?
You're welcome, Jeff! I like getting questions and comments, so try to answer each one as best as I can. Interest rates are a fascinating topic, in particular negative interest rates (Germany) that governments pay ("investors' flight to safety"). I don't think anybody has a comprehensive answer or explanation. Economists try their best to explain or justify things after the fact, but have poor forecasting ability. I came to terms with the world not always making sense to me, after reading the works of Nassim Taleb, in particular "Antifragile, how to live in a world we don't understand". ;-) It's (amongst others) about economic shocks being more frequent and more unpredictable than we think, and how to avoid getting hurt by them (or even benefiting). Actually, a good start into the works of Taleb might be my introductory video on the Bed Of Procrustes: ua-cam.com/video/fUU9sPU__MY/v-deo.html Bed of Procrustes applied to interest rates and monetary policy: central banks and government policy makes sometimes create harm from trying to optimize the wrong variable!
The Finance Storyteller Basically all I know of Taleb’s work is his concept of antifragility, which is an awesome concept. Haven’t read the book, though; I’ll keep your recommendation in mind! For now, will head over to and watch that Procrustean bed video of yours! Again, thank you so much for your thoughtful and informative responses. Sincerely appreciated!!
You can apply this for a business? I own a company and charge $35 a month for customers to come and play video games at my suite but am thinking of offering a discount to customers if pay a 6 month subscription. If they pay $150 for a subscription, that's about a $10 discount each month ($60 total). Would it be wise of me in doing this? I currently have about 150 people signed up for my subscription service paying $35 a month. I am trying to understand if this is in the best interest to offer something like this...
Hello Felix! Thanks for your question. Time value of money is one aspect of it, which "rewards" people with a discount for paying now instead of later. The other, probably more important, aspect is "locking people in" to a subscription for 6 months, thereby minimizing the risk on your side that they cancel their monthly subscription somewhere along the way. Your business model reminds me of how newspapers and gyms operate, maybe it would be good for you to study their subscription offers and discount levels. I have two videos about prepaid expenses that reference this, but not in too much detail: 1) ua-cam.com/video/hUz39T8-V1I/v-deo.html and 2) ua-cam.com/video/drX-qrrvedo/v-deo.html
Enjoyed the video? Then subscribe to the channel, and let's explore Net Present Value next: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html
Watched this at 2x speed. Now I’m twice as rich
Haha! Good one.
That's a good one
you explained it better than my professor, thanks!!
Wow, thanks! Please share the video with your fellow students, and let's go ace those tests!
Excellent explanation. I’m a semester away from an MBA and this beats all the textbook explanations I’ve read. Quick question. All the FV/PV examples rely on some sort of guaranteed or safe interest rate. How do our current extremely low guaranteed interest rates affect calculations like this? Given a 1% safe rate if you’re lucky, almost any project looks like a better investment.
Hello Jason! Thank you for the kind words. Yes, the extremely low interest rates should affect capital budgeting calculations (through the denominator in the calculation: cost of capital). However, the numerator also gets more volatile and tougher to predict. That might be the reason companies are still holding back with investing. Besides low interest rates (driven by the monetary policy of central banks), governments try to stimulate investments through favorable depreciation treatments on the taxation side. For that last point, see my recent video on deferred tax liabilities: ua-cam.com/video/wom7IBNnXM8/v-deo.html
Great video, in the future you could consider showing us old folks how to input this into a calculator. It's been a long time since I've had to do this type of work.
Thanks, Joshua! I am more of a spreadsheet guy myself. Here's the link to my video on calculating Net Present Value in Excel: ua-cam.com/video/jQ_NDQ2qVVA/v-deo.html
I find it easier to calculate in excel but this was a good explanation too!
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you. Im omw to IBD interview as a non-finance major. Your videos help alot.
You're welcome! Wishing you lots of success with the interview.
Thank you very much for making this video it was extremely helpful and made the concept easy to understand! Just subscribed!
Awesome, thank you! Welcome to the channel, hope you find many more videos that are helpful for you.
Would you be so kind to share the powerpoint that you used in this lesson? I found it extremely helpful.
Thank you for the kind words, Timothy! However, I consider the slides the core of my intellectual property, and do not share them.
This is a wonderful explanation
Thank you so much! 😊 Once you understand time value of money, terms like NPV and IRR are easy to grasp: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
Great Explanation. Subscribed.
Wonderful! Nice to hear that. Ready for the next step of working with Net Present Value? ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
@@TheFinanceStoryteller Already enjoyed that video too! Thanks. You are a dynamic person.
Thank you! I try to make videos mainly in 4 areas: financial statement analysis, accounting, investing, and Excel tutorials. 272 videos in total to choose from, hope you find a few more that are helpful.
Awesome video thank you
Thank you, Daniel!
very clear thanks!
Glad it helped! Have a look at how you can apply the time value of money concept to investment analysis through for example NPV: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
Hi Finance storyteller, this is not related to the title here, but i'v been your subscriber and using your videos to learn about Finance. So grateful i'v found you. What book will u recommend for a newbie in finance to practise the maths with cases and examples in it?
Hello Yenny! I don't have a particular book recommendation for you. I would start from real life: do you have shares in any companies listed on the stock market, or are you in general interested in the performance of some well-known companies? Download their annual report, review the financial statements, read the MD&A (management discussion and analysis), and calculate things like gross margin %, operating margin %, current ratio, etc.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller Hi... Real case examples yes that would be the best! :) I agree. Well, I am here actually for 2 main missions and goals. I am a teacher (cambridge curriculum) and trying to get my cert in finance so i will be eligible to teach finance to secondary and high school students (my bachelor degree is not linear to finance). That tagline 'New to finance & accounting? Start here' works like a map, thx a lot :). I've been reading books related to behavioral finance as well. Secondly, yes, i'v been learning about investment also through books and videos and is into investing but I only buy domestic stocks (southeast asia) .. well for now. Ok, then but your answer rings the bell! Use real examples for real cases in class. I might be joining to become member. But right now, i have plenty to learn from your channel. Thx again for delivering the complex material in a light way. You are an inspiration. This is a brilliant work here!
Wow, thank you so much! It is wonderful to receive such compliments, and exciting to "meet" (in a virtual way) other people from around the world that have a love of learning. :-) Yes, especially with secondary and high school students, it is important to relate to products and companies they are familiar with (Apple, Google, Netflix. etc/). You can get them thinking about how much money these companies make (in terms of profitability for example), my Gross Margin / Operating Margin video has a good quiz question for this: ua-cam.com/video/VCMJzG1AaXA/v-deo.html Follow-up question to the video is why certain companies/industries have a certain range of profitability. Regarding Netflix, they do very well in certain areas of financial results, but struggle in other areas: ua-cam.com/video/ikizI8dX1SA/v-deo.html
What I found out myself after studying finance concepts in school and university, is that I knew how to calculate a lot of things, but I was not "calibrated" on ranges of outcomes in real life. My video on the current ratio (balance sheet analysis of liquidity) is an example there: ua-cam.com/video/dkiSWO2OYho/v-deo.html My "Community" tab has some multiple choice review questions, take a look if any of these are useful for you. Happy to connect with you! Look forward to more questions or suggestions.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller hi again, yes true! Real life examples are applicable and that should be more compelling for the students to win the challenges in class. I want to teach differently and thx for the input for teachers community. :) 'calibrate' hmmm, i see. For the channel community, yeah i've just checked what's inside and did 1. Will do more. Thx also for the links u inserted here. I will def ask questions and give suggestions next time as I become more comprehended and engaged with this fundamental 'wish i had known this way back before' subject. Foremost, thank u so much for replying me. :))
@@moneyfool246 I enjoy conversations like this. Still learning a lot everyday myself, I think that will never stop. :-)
Nice
Great video, But I can't be the only one who'd still take the hundred today.
Better be safe than sorry! ;-) What would be the equivalent that would convince you to wait for a year? $150? $200?
nicely explained
Great to hear that, thank you!
Brilliant as usual✌🏼👏🏻
Thank you so much 😀
Very helpful video! Thank you!
Nice to hear that, Gabriela! Thank you for watching and commenting.
got damn that was incredibly clear and precise. what talent. thank you
Thanks, George! That is great to hear. 😎
thank you so much sir
Happy to help!
@@TheFinanceStoryteller 👍🏻
Have a look at the videos in my NPV IRR WACC playlist to see how to apply the time value of money concept in calculations to evalulate investment projects: ua-cam.com/video/N-lN5xORIwc/v-deo.html&pp=gAQB
There are people above us who decides what we can buy with 8 hours a day of our life...
That is a different topic/discussion, as that centers on the money value of time. ;-)
Thank you 🙏🏾
Happy to help!
love it wish you teach CFA
Thanks for the kind words, Salma! I don't cover the whole CFA curriculum, but do cover various parts of it.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller Thank you so much for your respond , if i have some question that i need to explain may i ask your help ? thank you
@@salmaalqubaisi2017 Sure, post the question below the video topic that it relates to. I will be happy to provide help, but don't make people's homework.
Great Applause!
Thank you! I am hearing it. :-)
hi i dont understand where does 0.05 came from? how to know what is the value of the rate of return?
It's a thought experiment. A conversation between two people.
Question 1. Would you prefer $100 today, or $100 one year from now? Answer: $100 today.
Question 2. What about a choice between $100 today or $101 next year? Answer: $100 today.
Question 3. How about $100 today or $110 next year? Answer: $110 next year.
Question 4. How about a choice of $100 today or $105 one year from now? Answer: fine either way, which means you have found the equivalent amounts in time $100 today * 1.05 (which is 1 + rate of return) = $105 next year.
In the corporate world, the rate of return is often determined as the WACC ua-cam.com/video/1O-DbtVueMw/v-deo.html or alternatively as the hurdle rate ua-cam.com/video/8EyFLdOTuHU/v-deo.html
Hope this helps!
@@TheFinanceStoryteller thank you so much for rreplying, ill check that out 💓
@@kmegres9337 Happy to help!
How can you describe the time value of money before 50yrs and 50yrs after from today?
Hi Hazel! That is very long time span looking back and looking forward. Who knows what the world looks like 50 years from now, and whether we even still use the same currencies. I find time value of money a useful concept mostly in the mid-term years: 3, 5 maybe 10 years.
But the issue is there is no inflation rate included. Supposed it is an investment (there is no other way we can get free money), we get the AMOUNT of it but what is the value?
How we want to make sure the amount we get represents the value we have now when the interest rate (what we get) can differ depending on banks or the type of investment?
Inflation is (implicitly) included. The higher the inflation, and the higher the risk level, the bigger the rate of return will need to be.
@@TheFinanceStoryteller I know it will be difficult to determine the true value because it depends on who we trade with.
So it can be said that in TVOM we assume the interest rate already includes the inflation rate. Am I right?
Agree! Sadly enough, in today's economic circumstances in Europe, banks offer an interest rate that is lower than the inflation rate, which has prompted me to put my money elsewhere (higher yielding and obviously also higher risk bonds of small to medium enterprises).
What if it was number of months instead of year?
The formulas still work.... For example, if you are trying to calculate with 6 months, then put n= 0.5, if you are trying to calculate 3 months, then n = 0.25.
Future value = present value * (1+r)^n
Present value = future value / (1+r)^n
just a quick question, how come you need to add 1 in (1+5%)? what does 1 represent?
That is just for the multiplication to work:
$100 times 1 = $100
$100 times 1.05 = $105
thank you for explaining it
I want to ask ,if someone keep their millions of money at their home, is it affecting the financial status of most of citizen?
Sorry, I am not sure I fully understand your question. If I personally had millions of dollars/Euros/etc, I would put them to productive use to generate yields, rather than have the money just sit there doing nothing.
How did you calculate 1.05?
If $100 today is equivalent to $105 in one year, then the multiplication factor is $105 / $100 = 1.05.
good vid. need a better microphone
Thanks & I agree. Will experiment with my setup.
Thanks
You're welcome, Sami!
And how to determine the ratio " r " ?????
For "personal finance" cases, you could take the interest rate. For "business" cases, many people would use WACC ua-cam.com/video/1O-DbtVueMw/v-deo.html or a hurdle rate ua-cam.com/video/8EyFLdOTuHU/v-deo.html
So is this how interest rates are determined? Supply and demand for money given now versus money given after a delay? If we all agree to postpone our consumption of $100 until one year from now, for a “price” of $5, is that tantamount to saying that our debtors will need to offer us 5%/year for the use of our money?
Hi Jeff! I like to think about the $100 today / $105 one year from now equivalents as my "required rate of return". If a bank offers me 2% interest on a savings account, then that would be below my 5% required rate of return. If investing in a high dividend yield stock is expected to generate 8% return, then that would be above my 5% required rate of return. Obviously, the latter is more risky than the former, and an expected return is by no means a guarantee. I could split my savings 50/50 between the two (savings account and stock investment), and on average expect to get to the 5% required rate of return. The way interest rates are determined is a whole different topic. It is indeed a matter of supply and demand, with as the starting point the interest rates that central banks charge to commercial banks for various lengths of time. On top of that would come a "risk premium". Central banks have as their main, or at least one of their main goals, keeping inflation at relatively low rates (near +2%) and tend to adjust interest rates up or down accordingly. A bit more information on this in my video on inflation: ua-cam.com/video/dcBBRhNA_QM/v-deo.html
The Finance Storyteller Gosh, I just think it’s a total miracle that I can ask a question on UA-cam and receive such a comprehensive, first-rate response. Thank you...seriously, it is so, so generous of you to share this information. And you explain it so well. You’ve got a new subscriber!
Sounds like I will have to look into interest rates some more; clearly there are mechanisms with which I’m still not familiar. I was just trying to resolve something I heard about “money now” being in higher demand than “money later,” and wondered whether interest rates might be the “price” the market has to pay creditors for parting with their money for some length of time. It seems to me that if enough people decided 2% wasn’t a sufficient return on their money, the banks might be forced to hike that rate up to sweeten the deal for them... In other words, the cash supply curve shifts leftward, thereby raising its price...?
You're welcome, Jeff! I like getting questions and comments, so try to answer each one as best as I can. Interest rates are a fascinating topic, in particular negative interest rates (Germany) that governments pay ("investors' flight to safety"). I don't think anybody has a comprehensive answer or explanation. Economists try their best to explain or justify things after the fact, but have poor forecasting ability. I came to terms with the world not always making sense to me, after reading the works of Nassim Taleb, in particular "Antifragile, how to live in a world we don't understand". ;-) It's (amongst others) about economic shocks being more frequent and more unpredictable than we think, and how to avoid getting hurt by them (or even benefiting). Actually, a good start into the works of Taleb might be my introductory video on the Bed Of Procrustes: ua-cam.com/video/fUU9sPU__MY/v-deo.html Bed of Procrustes applied to interest rates and monetary policy: central banks and government policy makes sometimes create harm from trying to optimize the wrong variable!
The Finance Storyteller Basically all I know of Taleb’s work is his concept of antifragility, which is an awesome concept. Haven’t read the book, though; I’ll keep your recommendation in mind! For now, will head over to and watch that Procrustean bed video of yours!
Again, thank you so much for your thoughtful and informative responses. Sincerely appreciated!!
Let's stay in touch, Jeff! I am on Twitter, Linked In, Instagram, either under Finance Storyteller or Philip de Vroe.
You can apply this for a business?
I own a company and charge $35 a month for customers to come and play video games at my suite but am thinking of offering a discount to customers if pay a 6 month subscription. If they pay $150 for a subscription, that's about a $10 discount each month ($60 total). Would it be wise of me in doing this? I currently have about 150 people signed up for my subscription service paying $35 a month. I am trying to understand if this is in the best interest to offer something like this...
Hello Felix! Thanks for your question. Time value of money is one aspect of it, which "rewards" people with a discount for paying now instead of later. The other, probably more important, aspect is "locking people in" to a subscription for 6 months, thereby minimizing the risk on your side that they cancel their monthly subscription somewhere along the way. Your business model reminds me of how newspapers and gyms operate, maybe it would be good for you to study their subscription offers and discount levels. I have two videos about prepaid expenses that reference this, but not in too much detail: 1) ua-cam.com/video/hUz39T8-V1I/v-deo.html and 2) ua-cam.com/video/drX-qrrvedo/v-deo.html
Time isn't money. With money you can make more money. You can't make more time.
Immaculate
Thank you!
👍
🙂
In Soviet Russia Time values you
Good one!
Khan academy lang sakalam
In short, if you don't buy shit now, its gonna cost more in the future.
That's one way of putting it! ;-)