Here are some PYQs for this chapter Q1. Which of the treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation? [IM, 2021 Sample Paper] Ans l. Treaty of Constantinople Q2. Who was called as the architect of Germany's unification?[IM, 2020] Ans2. Otto von Bismarck Q3. Name the Treaty of 1832 that recognised Greece as an independent nation. [IM, 2016] Ans3. Treaty of 1832: Constantinople Q4. Name the event that mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe in 1830-1848? [IM, 2016] Ans4. The Greek War of Independence in 1821. Q5. What was the main aim of revolutionaries of Europe during the years following 1815? [IM, 2016] Ans5. The main aim of revolutionaries of Europe was to oppose monarchical forms of government. Q6. Who was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871? [IM, 2016] Ans6. Kaiser William I of Prussia was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held a Versailles in January 1871. Q7. Who was proclaimed the King of United Italy in 1861? [IM, 2016] Ans7. Victor Emmanuel-ll Q8. What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to the French Revolution in Europe? [IM, 2015] Ans8. It led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny. Q9. Explain the measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [3M, 2021 Sample Paper] A9) Ans9. (i) The ideas of La Patrie (the fatherland) and Le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. (ii) A new French flag, tricolour was chosen to replace the Royal Standard. (iii) Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. Q10. "Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation".Explain. [3M, 2021 Sample Paper] Ans10. (i) Italians were scattered over several dynastic states (ii) Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house. (iii) Italy was unified in 1861 and Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy. Q11. Describe any three economic hardships faced by Europe in the 1830s [3M, 2017] Ans11. Economic hardships faced by Europe in 1830s were: Increase in population. Unemployment, migration and price rise. Stiff competition in the market. Bad condition of peasants. (Any three) Q12. Describe any three steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [3M, 2015] Ans12. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as: 1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. 2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation. 3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. Q13. How had the female figures become an allegory of the nation during the nineteenth century in Europe? Analyse. [3M, 2016] Ans13. =>Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life. =>Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation. =>In France, she was named Marianne, a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania. =>Germania wears a crown of oak leaves as the German oak stands for heroism. The characteristics of Marianne were drawn from those of Liberty and Republic-the red cap, the tricolour and cockade. Q14. How did nationalism develop through culture in Europe? Explain. [3M, 2015, 2013] Ans14. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism. (i) Culture :Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment. Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition. (ii) Language :Language too played an important role In developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance. (iii) Music and Dance Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people-das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularised. Q15. Explain the conditions that were viewed as obstacles to the economic exchange and growth by the new commercial classes during the nineteenth century in Europe.[3M, 2014] Ans15. In the economic sphere, liberalism stood for the freedom of markets and the abolition of state-imposed restrictions on movement of goods and capital. 1. But in the 19th century Napoleon's administrative measures had created out of countless small principalities a confederation of 39 states. Each possessed its own currency, and weights and measures. 2. A merchant travelling from Hamburg to Nuremberg had to pass through 11 custom barriers and pay 5% duty at each one of them. 3. As each region had its own system of weights and measures this involved time-consuming calculations. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic growth and exchange by the new commercial classes who argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing free movement of goods, people and capital. Q16. How did the local people in the areas conquered by Napoleon react to French rule? Explain Ans16. The reactions of the local population to the French rule were mixed. =>Initially, in many places such as Holland and Switzerland, as well as in cities like Brussels, Mainz, Milan and Warsaw, the French armies were welcomed as harbingers of liberty. =>As new administrative arrangements did not go hand in hand with political freedom, enthusiasm turned into hostility. =>Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies to conquer the rest of Europe, outweighed the advantages of the administrative changes.
Are these questions enough for practice?? Or do I need to practice more questions of this chapter please let me know… And thankyou so much for leaving these questions in comments😊
continuation of PYQs Q17. Explain any three causes of conflict in the 'Balkan area' after 1871. [3M, 2011] Ans17. The nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans due to thefollowing reasons: =>Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro whose inhabitants were known as the Slavs. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman empire. =>After the decline of the Ottoman empire and the growth of romantic nationalism in the Balkans, the region became very explosive. Its European subject nationalities broke away from its control and declared independence. =>As the different nationalities struggled to define their identity and independence, the Balkan area became an area of intense conflict. The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of others. Q18. Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe. [3M, 2011] Ans18. =>The year following 1815, was the period of revolutionaries. Most of the revolutionaries were committed to oppose monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom. =>One such prominent revolutionary was "Giuseppe Mazzini", an Italian revolutionary. Mazzini also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part inthe struggle for freedom. =>He strongly believed in the unification of Italy as a single unified republic which could be the basis of Italian liberty. Mazzini's relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of a democratic republic frightened the Conservatives. =>His ideas also influenced the revolutionaries of Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland. Q19. "Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient." Support the statement. [5M, 2016, 2014, 2012] Ans19. Napoleon had brought revolutionary changes in the administrative field in order to make the whole system rational and efficient. The Civil Code of 1804 is usually known as the Napoleonic Code. 1. The first major change was doing away with all privileges based on birth, establishing equality before law and securing the right to property. 2. Administrative divisions were simplified. 3. Feudal system was abolished and peasants were freed from serfdom and manorial dues (abuse of manorial lords). 4. In towns, guild restrictions were removed. 5. Transport and communication systems were improved. Q20. Explain any five economic hardships that Europe faced in the 1830s. [5M, 2016, 2013, 2011] Ans20. Following are the causes of economic hardships in Europe during 1830s: 1. Europe had come under the grip of large scale unemployment. In most of the countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment. 2. Cities had become overcrowded and slums had emerged as populations from the rural areas migrated to the cities. 3. Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods from England where industrialization was more advanced specially in the field of textile production. 4. In those regions of Europe, where aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations. 5. The rise of food prices and bad harvests added to the hardships of the peasants. Q21. Describe any five measures which were introduced by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [5M, 2016, 2015, 2012] Ans21.The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch. When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood. =>They emphasized on father land (La Patrie) for all, and they addressed the French people as citizens(citoyen). =>They were given the tricolour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as: 1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. 2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation. 3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. 4. Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. Q22. Describe the process of unification of Germany. [5M, 2015, 2013, 2012] Ans22. Unification of Germany: In the 18th century, Germany was divided into a number of states. Some of these states ceased to exist during the Napoleonic wars. At the end of the war, there were still 39 independent states in Germany. Prussia was most powerful, dominated by big landlords known as Junkers. (i) Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle class Germans who had tried to unite the different regions of the German federation into a nation-state governed by an elected Parliament. (ii) In May 1848, a large number of political associations came together to vote for an All German National Assembly. Their representatives met at Frankfurt and the Frankfurt Assembly proposed the unification of Germany as a constitutional monarchy under the King of Prussia as emperor. (ii) The King of Prussia rejected the offer and the liberal initiative of nation building was repressed by combined forces of the monarchy, the military and the Junkers' (iv) Then on, Prussia under its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck led the movement for unification of Germany. Bismarck carried out this process with the help of the Prussian army and the bureaucracy. He fought three wars over seven years with Denmark, Austria and France. Prussia was victorious in all these wars and the process of unification was completed as a result of Prussia's victory over France. (v) Consequently, on 18th January 1871, an assembly of princes of German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers and Bismarck gathered in the Palace of Versailles and proclaimed the Prussian King, Kaiser William, the new German Emperor
continuation of PYQs 2 :- :Q23. How had revolutionaries spread their ideas in many European States after 1815? Explain with examples. [5M, 2014] Ans23. During the years following 1815, the fear of repression drove many liberal nationalists underground. 1. Secret societies sprang up in many European states to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas. Revolutionary ideas were spread by opposing monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom. 2. Most of the revolutionaries also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part of this struggle for freedom 3. Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary born in Geneva in 1807. He was a member of the Secret Society of the Carbonari. He attempted a revolution in 1831 and was sent into exile. 4. He had set up two more underground societies, namely, Young Italy (1832) in Marseilles and then Young Europe in Berne. The members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and Germany. 5. He opposed monarchy and small states and kingdoms and dreamt of a Democratic Republic. He believed the unification of Italy alone could be the basis of Italian liberty. Q24. How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of the 'nation' in Europe? Explain with examples. [5M, 2013] Ans24. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism. (i) Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment. (ii)Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition.. (iii) Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life. Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation. In France, she was named Marianne-a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania. (iv) Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance. (v) Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people - das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularized. Q25. What did Liberal Nationalism stand for? Explain any four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere. [5M, 2011] Ans25. Liberalism or Liberal Nationalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere are: 1. Liberalism stood for freedom of markets and abolition of state imposed restriction. For example, Napoleon's administration was a confederation of 29 states, each of these possessed its own currencies, weight and measures. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange. 2. Liberal Nationalists argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing the unhindered movement of goods, people and capital. 3. In 1834, a customs union or " zollverein" was formed. The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from 30 to 2. 4. The creation of a network of railways further stimulated mobility, harnessing. economic interest to national unification.
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Continuation of PYQS Q23. How had revolutionaries spread their ideas in many European States after 1815? Explain with examples. [5M, 2014] Ans23. During the years following 1815, the fear of repression drove many liberal nationalists underground. 1. Secret societies sprang up in many European states to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas. Revolutionary ideas were spread by opposing monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom. 2. Most of the revolutionaries also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part of this struggle for freedom. 3. Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary born in Geneva in 1807. He was a member of the Secret Society of the Carbonari. He attempted a revolution in 1831 and was sent into exile. 4. He had set up two more underground societies, namely, Young Italy (1832) in Marseilles and then Young Europe in Berne. The members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and Germany. 5. He opposed monarchy and small states and kingdoms and dreamt of a Democratic Republic. He believed the unification of Italy alone could be the basis of Italian liberty. Q24. How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of the 'nation' in Europe? Explain with examples. [5M, 2013] Ans24. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism. (i) Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment. (ii)Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition.. (iii) Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life. Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation. In France, she was named Marianne-a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania. (iv) Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance. (v) Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people - das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularized. Q25. What did Liberal Nationalism stand for? Explain any four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere. [5M, 2011] Ans25. Liberalism or Liberal Nationalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere are: 1. Liberalism stood for freedom of markets and abolition of state imposed restriction. For example, Napoleon's administration was a confederation of 29 states, each of these possessed its own currencies, weight and measures. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange. 2. Liberal Nationalists argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing the unhindered movement of goods, people and capital. 3. In 1834, a customs union or " zollverein" was formed. The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from 30 to 2. 4. The creation of a network of railways further stimulated mobility, harnessing. economic interest to national unification. -×-
Continuation of PYQs Q17. Explain any three causes of conflict in the 'Balkan area' after 1871. [3M, 2011] Ans17. The nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans due to thefollowing reasons: =>Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro whose inhabitants were known as the Slavs. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman empire. =>After the decline of the Ottoman empire and the growth of romantic nationalism in the Balkans, the region became very explosive. Its European subject nationalities broke away from its control and declared independence. =>As the different nationalities struggled to define their identity and independence, the Balkan area became an area of intense conflict. The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of others. Q18. Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe. [3M, 2011] Ans18. =>The year following 1815, was the period of revolutionaries. Most of the revolutionaries were committed to oppose monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom. =>One such prominent revolutionary was "Giuseppe Mazzini", an Italian revolutionary. Mazzini also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part inthe struggle for freedom. =>He strongly believed in the unification of Italy as a single unified republic which could be the basis of Italian liberty. Mazzini's relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of a democratic republic frightened the Conservatives. =>His ideas also influenced the revolutionaries of Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland. Q19. "Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient." Support the statement. [5M, 2016, 2014, 2012] Ans19. Napoleon had brought revolutionary changes in the administrative field in order to make the whole system rational and efficient. The Civil Code of 1804 is usually known as the Napoleonic Code. 1. The first major change was doing away with all privileges based on birth, establishing equality before law and securing the right to property. 2. Administrative divisions were simplified. 3. Feudal system was abolished and peasants were freed from serfdom and manorial dues (abuse of manorial lords). 4. In towns, guild restrictions were removed. 5. Transport and communication systems were improved. Q20. Explain any five economic hardships that Europe faced in the 1830s. [5M, 2016, 2013, 2011] Ans20. Following are the causes of economic hardships in Europe during 1830s: 1. Europe had come under the grip of large scale unemployment. In most of the countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment. 2. Cities had become overcrowded and slums had emerged as populations from the rural areas migrated to the cities. 3. Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods from England where industrialization was more advanced specially in the field of textile production. 4. In those regions of Europe, where aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations. 5. The rise of food prices and bad harvests added to the hardships of the peasants. Q21. Describe any five measures which were introduced by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [5M, 2016, 2015, 2012] Ans21.The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch. When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood. =>They emphasized on father land (La Patrie) for all, and they addressed the French people as citizens(citoyen). =>They were given the tricolour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as: 1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. 2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation. 3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. 4. Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. Q22. Describe the process of unification of Germany. [5M, 2015, 2013, 2012] Ans22. Unification of Germany: In the 18th century, Germany was divided into a number of states. Some of these states ceased to exist during the Napoleonic wars. At the end of the war, there were still 39 independent states in Germany. Prussia was most powerful, dominated by big landlords known as Junkers. (i) Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle class Germans who had tried to unite the different regions of the German federation into a nation-state governed by an elected Parliament. (ii) In May 1848, a large number of political associations came together to vote for an All German National Assembly. Their representatives met at Frankfurt and the Frankfurt Assembly proposed the unification of Germany as a constitutional monarchy under the King of Prussia as emperor. (ii) The King of Prussia rejected the offer and the liberal initiative of nation building was repressed by combined forces of the monarchy, the military and the Junkers' (iv) Then on, Prussia under its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck led the movement for unification of Germany. Bismarck carried out this process with the help of the Prussian army and the bureaucracy. He fought three wars over seven years with Denmark, Austria and France. Prussia was victorious in all these wars and the process of unification was completed as a result of Prussia's victory over France. (v) Consequently, on 18th January 1871, an assembly of princes of German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers and Bismarck gathered in the Palace of Versailles and proclaimed the Prussian King, Kaiser William, the new German Emperor.
Who else need other 2 chapters of History in 25 min 🔥 Age of Industrialisation & Print culture and the modern world Plz mam bring other chapters also 🙏 Edit - Omg 😱 first time I got this much likes thanku all
It's just INCREDIBLE 💌to complete this long chapter in just 25 minutes. . Thank you for being a truly outstanding teacher💖. Your passion for teaching and your dedication to your students is obvious in everything you do. I feel so lucky that I found your channel. 💗I hope you know the priceless impact you are making in so many lives.❤❤
Ma'am I always found this chapter tough and really confusing. But when I saw the video, everything got clear. Thank you ma'am for making short videos. These type of videos are really good for last minute revisions!
Question - Explain France's contribution in bringing a collective identity among people. Answer- 'FECTIL' F - Flag E - Election commision C - Central Administrative System T - The ideas of la patre and le citoyen I - Internal custom duties L - common Language Hope it helps
10:23 ma'am aapne kaha ki LOUIS PHILLIP ko king banaya gaya after treaty of Vienna... but us time to bourbon dynasty ko restore kiya gya tha... And book me likha hai ki LOUIS PHILLIP ko head banaya gya after conservative regime bourbon Dynasty ko hatakar liberal movements ke baad as a head of constitutional monarchy...
ohH! my pretty ma'am Can't believe she stood for so long Continuously speaking and remembering . it is proved that nothing is impossible for SUBHAM ma'am if Subham mam is with us then everything is possible . Thankyou mam ❣
Thank you so much mam for such a great explanation 😍 It was very short and sweet explanation ❤️ It would really help during boards Thank you so much 🙏🏽
*HERE ARE SOME IMPORTANT QUESTIONS PYQ OF IT ❤MAY IT HELP YOU FOR YOUR BOARDS AND LAST NIGHT STUDY IT IS TOPPER ANSWER FOR BACK BACKBENCHER* The Rise of Nationalism in Europe- Important Questions Years: 2020 to 22 Q.1. Examine the significance of the Statue of Liberty in Frederic Sorrieu’s paintings,’ The Dream of the World Wide Democratic and Socialist Republics’. (2020) Ans. In the Sorrieu’s paintings the ‘Statue of Liberty’ is personified as women bearing the Torch of Enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights in the other. The statue signifies the rise of nationalism to establish nation states based on democratic principles with inalienable human rights. TOPERS ANSWERS Q.2. How did the Greek War of Independence mobilise nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe? Explain. (2020, 11) Ans. Greek war of independence mobilized the nationalist feeling in Europe through the following ways: (i) Greece was viewed as a part of Europe that had been annexed by Ottomans and now needed to be liberated.
IMPORTANT DATES FOR CH 1 HISTORY 1848: Frederic Sorrieu a French artist prepared a series of four paintings visualising his dream of a world made up of democratic and socialist republics. 1789: the French Revolution 1833: a merchant travelling in 1833 from Hamburg to Nuremberg to sell his goods would have to had to pass through 11 customs barriers and pay a custom duty of about 5% at each one of them 1834: a customs Union of Zollverein was formed 1815: Napoleon was defeated 1815: the representatives of the European powers like Britain Russia prussia and Austria who had collectively defeated Napoleon made at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe 1815: Vienna Convention 1807: Giuseppe Muzzini was born. 1830: the first upheaval took place in France in July 1830 1821: the struggle of the greeks for their Independence began. 1824: English poet Lord Byron died in 1824
Mam pls help us learn the chapter mineral energy and resources....biggest request ever....we understood the chapter but it is difficult to learn and memorise it...pls bring tip and tricks to learn different minerals the region where they are found...their importance
Amazing session mam very very very helpful mam ... thankyou so much. ...ekdam story jaise samjh liya 🎉💞 💖....mam history ke aur bhi chapters please jaldi se bna dijiye....🙏🙏🙏🙏
Bhaiii kall exam he abhiii 1:30Am bajee he bhot dar lagra heee🥺🥺, kon kon mere sathh jag kar padh raha hee like karrr👍🏻 Hope for best tommorow❤️ Alll the best👍🏻👍🏻
Mam please try to provide such videos on age of industrialisation and print culture aswell. Thx so much for your efforts. These videos are really helpful! 😊
I shared this video with my friends. I regret , now they all are scoring good marks because of this ma'ams outstanding teaching . Now my parents are shouting why ain't I coming first in SST anymore.
There are only two legend teachers of SSt on UA-cam - Shubham mam and Digraj Singh rajput sir. 🦾 *EDIT* -Bas Karo kitne like karoge 😂 chalo record banaye 🗿👁️👄👁️😆😂😂😉😉
Jo mai iss chapter mein 15 ghante lagakar nhi samjha pure saal wo yahaan mai 25 minute mein samajh gaya. Thank you shubham didi. Great explanation 🥹🙌👍💪
IDK why students are watching 5-6 hours long long videos of chapters whereas Shubham ma'am teaches the same chapter in less time as compared to them and without even taking breaks she teaches continuously in the LIVE and the other students think that there teachers are making 6 hours long videos without taking breaks whereas each topic is recorded and uploaded and on the other hand Shubham ma'am teaches LIVE and also takes doubts of students. She even provides free PDF of her sessions.She has more potential than other teachers. She deserves more. We love you ma'am and we are always there to support you. #shubhampathak #thebestsstteacher 💯 🙌 💞
Britain different ethnicities WISE :-) W- welsh I- Irish S- Scottish E- english //Mam you are the best teacher which I can't find in my surrounding ^_^ Thanks alot for this superbbbb video🥰🥰
Hi ma'am could you please post more videos for quick last minute revision and study tips for exams. The 25 min history revision video really helped a lot.
Words fail short everytime mam, but Thankyou. Very much. It means a lot, a lot to us🌸 PS: please bring marathon of geography, its much much needed! thankyou :)
Thankyou mam, this session was amazing like u covered all the important topics in just 25 mins! This really saved a lot of time as i only wanted to do a recap of this ch and I'm actually glad that I saw this video. Thankyou so much mam for this amazing session!
Mam I am just so thankful to you because I was not able to understand this chapter still from starting But by seeing your video i just covered and learned this chapter so well and your's video made me able to know every single thing in the chapter which i was not able to understand So it's a big thanks to u mam I will just recommend your channel, videos to everyone Thank you mam ✨
Mam Mera kl pre board ka sst exam h or me ap ke sare chapter ke hi one shot dekh kr jaungi AAP bahut acha explain krte ho....❤ Thank you so much mam...
Mam Right Now I am revising the chapters and your short go throughs really are helping me a lot for reminding the points in sequence in my mind !! Thank you mam😊
Ma'am you are a such great teacher, I like your teaching way and you explain history in simple way so we can understand easily before I don't like social science but when I see your video then my confidence is increased, thankyou ma'am...
Here are some PYQs for this chapter
Q1. Which of the treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation? [IM, 2021 Sample Paper]
Ans l. Treaty of Constantinople
Q2. Who was called as the architect of Germany's unification?[IM, 2020]
Ans2. Otto von Bismarck
Q3. Name the Treaty of 1832 that recognised Greece as an independent nation. [IM, 2016]
Ans3. Treaty of 1832: Constantinople
Q4. Name the event that mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe in 1830-1848? [IM, 2016]
Ans4. The Greek War of Independence in 1821.
Q5. What was the main aim of revolutionaries of Europe during the years following 1815?
[IM, 2016]
Ans5. The main aim of revolutionaries of Europe was to oppose monarchical forms of government.
Q6. Who was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871?
[IM, 2016]
Ans6. Kaiser William I of Prussia was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held a Versailles in January 1871.
Q7. Who was proclaimed the King of United Italy in 1861? [IM, 2016]
Ans7. Victor Emmanuel-ll
Q8. What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to the French Revolution in Europe? [IM, 2015]
Ans8. It led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny.
Q9. Explain the measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [3M, 2021 Sample Paper]
A9) Ans9. (i) The ideas of La Patrie (the fatherland) and Le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
(ii) A new French flag, tricolour was chosen to replace the Royal Standard.
(iii) Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the
National Assembly.
Q10. "Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation".Explain.
[3M, 2021 Sample Paper]
Ans10. (i) Italians were scattered over several dynastic states
(ii) Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house.
(iii) Italy was unified in 1861 and Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of
United Italy.
Q11. Describe any three economic hardships faced by Europe in the 1830s [3M, 2017]
Ans11. Economic hardships faced by Europe in 1830s were:
Increase in population.
Unemployment, migration and price rise.
Stiff competition in the market.
Bad condition of peasants. (Any three)
Q12. Describe any three steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [3M, 2015]
Ans12. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:
1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in
the name of the nation.
3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform
laws for all citizens within its territory.
Q13. How had the female figures become an allegory of the nation during the nineteenth century in Europe? Analyse. [3M, 2016]
Ans13. =>Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life.
=>Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation.
=>In France, she was named Marianne, a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania. =>Germania wears a crown of oak leaves as the German oak stands for heroism. The characteristics of Marianne were drawn from those of Liberty and Republic-the red cap, the tricolour and cockade.
Q14. How did nationalism develop through culture in Europe? Explain.
[3M, 2015, 2013]
Ans14. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism.
(i) Culture :Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment. Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition.
(ii) Language :Language too played an important role In developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance.
(iii) Music and Dance Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people-das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularised.
Q15. Explain the conditions that were viewed as obstacles to the economic exchange and growth by the new commercial classes during the nineteenth century in Europe.[3M, 2014]
Ans15. In the economic sphere, liberalism stood for the freedom of markets and the abolition of state-imposed restrictions on movement of goods and capital.
1. But in the 19th century Napoleon's administrative measures had created out of
countless small principalities a confederation of 39 states. Each possessed its own currency, and weights and measures.
2. A merchant travelling from Hamburg to Nuremberg had to pass through 11 custom barriers and pay 5% duty at each one of them.
3. As each region had its own system of weights and measures this involved time-consuming calculations. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic growth and exchange by the new commercial classes who argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing free movement of goods, people and capital.
Q16. How did the local people in the areas conquered by Napoleon react to French rule? Explain
Ans16. The reactions of the local population to the French rule were mixed.
=>Initially, in many places such as Holland and Switzerland, as well as in cities like Brussels, Mainz, Milan and Warsaw, the French armies were welcomed as harbingers of liberty.
=>As new administrative arrangements did not go hand in hand with political freedom, enthusiasm turned into hostility.
=>Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies to conquer the rest of Europe, outweighed the advantages of the administrative changes.
all heroes don't wear capes......
Are these questions enough for practice?? Or do I need to practice more questions of this chapter please let me know…
And thankyou so much for leaving these questions in comments😊
continuation of PYQs
Q17. Explain any three causes of conflict in the 'Balkan area' after 1871. [3M, 2011]
Ans17. The nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans due to thefollowing reasons:
=>Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro whose inhabitants were known as the Slavs. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman empire.
=>After the decline of the Ottoman empire and the growth of romantic nationalism in the Balkans, the region became very explosive. Its European subject nationalities broke away from its control and declared independence.
=>As the different nationalities struggled to define their identity and independence, the Balkan area became an area of intense conflict. The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of others.
Q18. Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe. [3M, 2011]
Ans18. =>The year following 1815, was the period of revolutionaries. Most of the revolutionaries were committed to oppose monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom.
=>One such prominent revolutionary was "Giuseppe Mazzini", an Italian revolutionary. Mazzini also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part inthe struggle for freedom.
=>He strongly believed in the unification of Italy as a single unified republic which could be the basis of Italian liberty. Mazzini's relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of a democratic republic frightened the Conservatives.
=>His ideas also influenced the revolutionaries of Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland.
Q19. "Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient." Support the statement. [5M, 2016, 2014, 2012]
Ans19. Napoleon had brought revolutionary changes in the administrative field in order to make the whole system rational and efficient. The Civil Code of 1804 is usually known as the Napoleonic Code.
1. The first major change was doing away with all privileges based on birth, establishing equality before law and securing the right to property.
2. Administrative divisions were simplified.
3. Feudal system was abolished and peasants were freed from serfdom and manorial dues (abuse of manorial lords).
4. In towns, guild restrictions were removed.
5. Transport and communication systems were improved.
Q20. Explain any five economic hardships that Europe faced in the 1830s. [5M, 2016, 2013, 2011]
Ans20. Following are the causes of economic hardships in Europe during 1830s:
1. Europe had come under the grip of large scale unemployment. In most of the countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment.
2. Cities had become overcrowded and slums had emerged as populations from the rural areas migrated to the cities.
3. Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods from England where industrialization was more advanced specially in the field of textile production.
4. In those regions of Europe, where aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
5. The rise of food prices and bad harvests added to the hardships of the peasants.
Q21. Describe any five measures which were introduced by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [5M, 2016, 2015, 2012]
Ans21.The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch.
When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood.
=>They emphasized on father land (La Patrie) for all, and they addressed the French people as citizens(citoyen).
=>They were given the tricolour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity.
French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:
1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory.
4. Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted.
Q22. Describe the process of unification of Germany. [5M, 2015, 2013, 2012]
Ans22. Unification of Germany:
In the 18th century, Germany was divided into a number of states. Some of these states ceased to exist during the Napoleonic wars. At the end of the war, there were still 39 independent states in Germany. Prussia was most powerful, dominated by big landlords known as Junkers.
(i) Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle class Germans who had tried to unite the different regions of the German federation into a nation-state governed by an elected Parliament.
(ii) In May 1848, a large number of political associations came together to vote for an All German National Assembly. Their representatives met at Frankfurt and the Frankfurt Assembly proposed the unification of Germany as a constitutional monarchy under the King of Prussia as emperor.
(ii) The King of Prussia rejected the offer and the liberal initiative of nation building was repressed by combined forces of the monarchy, the military and the Junkers'
(iv) Then on, Prussia under its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck led the movement for unification of Germany. Bismarck carried out this process with the help of the Prussian army and the bureaucracy. He fought three wars over seven years with Denmark, Austria and France. Prussia was victorious in all these wars and the process of unification was completed as a result of Prussia's victory over France.
(v) Consequently, on 18th January 1871, an assembly of princes of German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers and Bismarck gathered in the Palace of Versailles and proclaimed the Prussian King, Kaiser William, the new German Emperor
continuation of PYQs 2 :-
:Q23. How had revolutionaries spread their ideas in many European States after 1815? Explain with examples. [5M, 2014]
Ans23. During the years following 1815, the fear of repression drove many liberal nationalists underground.
1. Secret societies sprang up in many European states to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas. Revolutionary ideas were spread by opposing monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom.
2. Most of the revolutionaries also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part of this struggle for freedom
3. Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary born in Geneva in 1807. He was a member of the Secret Society of the Carbonari. He attempted a revolution in 1831 and was sent into exile.
4. He had set up two more underground societies, namely, Young Italy (1832) in Marseilles and then Young Europe in Berne. The members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and Germany.
5. He opposed monarchy and small states and kingdoms and dreamt of a Democratic Republic. He believed the unification of Italy alone could be the basis of Italian liberty.
Q24. How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of the 'nation' in Europe? Explain with examples. [5M, 2013]
Ans24. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism.
(i) Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment.
(ii)Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition..
(iii) Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life. Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation. In France, she was named Marianne-a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania.
(iv) Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance.
(v) Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people - das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularized.
Q25. What did Liberal Nationalism stand for? Explain any four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere. [5M, 2011]
Ans25. Liberalism or Liberal Nationalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.
Four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere are:
1. Liberalism stood for freedom of markets and abolition of state imposed restriction. For example, Napoleon's administration was a confederation of 29 states, each of these possessed its own currencies, weight and measures. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange.
2. Liberal Nationalists argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing the unhindered movement of goods, people and capital.
3. In 1834, a customs union or " zollverein" was formed. The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from 30 to 2.
4. The creation of a network of railways further stimulated mobility, harnessing. economic interest to national unification.
@@samarthsrishti7 I've added some other PYQS in the Chat, basically these are some previous year questions you can refer for revision.
Legends started history after completing rest books 😂😂🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥, may all you achieve 90+ in sst
🤣🤣 correct
same here!!
😂😂
thanku so much ....i hope tumhare duaye asar kare..
100 bol de bro
Yeah same here
Hope everyone of batch 2023-2024 gets above 90% in their board
Hii I'm of batch 2045-25 abhi 10th mai admission nhi huva pr study start hogyi starting sst se ki hai😂👍🏻🌻
@@mybest9176 padho bhai padho humaare to board chal re hain to socha padh hi le kyuki saal bhar to padha ni tha 🥲😂... Tum padh lena bhai end me haalat kharaab ho jaati hai padhte padhte 😂
Wlcm to those who comes in 10th class🎉......2024-2025
1 like = 1 hour study 😂
like krne se percentage ni aati bruhh utni mehnat bhi lgti h]
234 hours tak padhega ab
261 hours tal padhlega ab
Bavle
Mam do you know....
When France sneezes our syllabus increases,but when china sneezes our syllabus decreases 😂
😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣
turu hahahha
Bas aakhir kitne baar
Sahi baat hai !!!!
copied overused shit
Continuation of PYQS
Q23. How had revolutionaries spread their ideas in many European States after 1815? Explain with examples. [5M, 2014]
Ans23. During the years following 1815, the fear of repression drove many liberal nationalists underground.
1. Secret societies sprang up in many European states to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas. Revolutionary ideas were spread by opposing monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom.
2. Most of the revolutionaries also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part of this struggle for freedom.
3. Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary born in Geneva in 1807. He was a member of the Secret Society of the Carbonari. He attempted a revolution in 1831 and was sent into exile.
4. He had set up two more underground societies, namely, Young Italy (1832) in Marseilles and then Young Europe in Berne. The members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and Germany.
5. He opposed monarchy and small states and kingdoms and dreamt of a Democratic Republic. He believed the unification of Italy alone could be the basis of Italian liberty.
Q24. How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of the 'nation' in Europe? Explain with examples. [5M, 2013]
Ans24. Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism.
(i) Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment.
(ii)Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focussed on emotions and intuition..
(iii) Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries portrayed nations as female figures. The female form, that was chosen to personify the nation, did not stand for any particular woman in real life. Rather it sought to give the abstract idea of the nation in concrete form. That is, the female figure became the allegory of the nation. In France, she was named Marianne-a popular Christian name and in Germany, Germania.
(iv) Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After the Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance.
(v) Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people - das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularized.
Q25. What did Liberal Nationalism stand for? Explain any four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere. [5M, 2011]
Ans25. Liberalism or Liberal Nationalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.
Four ideas of Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere are:
1. Liberalism stood for freedom of markets and abolition of state imposed restriction. For example, Napoleon's administration was a confederation of 29 states, each of these possessed its own currencies, weight and measures. Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange.
2. Liberal Nationalists argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing the unhindered movement of goods, people and capital.
3. In 1834, a customs union or " zollverein" was formed. The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from 30 to 2.
4. The creation of a network of railways further stimulated mobility, harnessing. economic interest to national unification.
-×-
u did a good job cadet, mission accomplished
Thanks 😊
Thanks
Thank you so much for this
Thank uh so so so so so so so so so so so so so so so much 💕
Continuation of PYQs
Q17. Explain any three causes of conflict in the 'Balkan area' after 1871.
[3M, 2011]
Ans17. The nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans due to thefollowing reasons:
=>Balkans was a region of geographical and ethnic variation comprising modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro whose inhabitants were known as the Slavs. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman empire.
=>After the decline of the Ottoman empire and the growth of romantic nationalism in the Balkans, the region became very explosive. Its European subject nationalities broke away from its control and declared independence.
=>As the different nationalities struggled to define their identity and independence, the Balkan area became an area of intense conflict. The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of others.
Q18. Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe. [3M, 2011]
Ans18. =>The year following 1815, was the period of revolutionaries. Most of the revolutionaries were committed to oppose monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom.
=>One such prominent revolutionary was "Giuseppe Mazzini", an Italian revolutionary. Mazzini also saw the creation of nation states as a necessary part inthe struggle for freedom.
=>He strongly believed in the unification of Italy as a single unified republic which could be the basis of Italian liberty. Mazzini's relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of a democratic republic frightened the Conservatives.
=>His ideas also influenced the revolutionaries of Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland.
Q19. "Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient." Support the statement. [5M, 2016, 2014, 2012]
Ans19. Napoleon had brought revolutionary changes in the administrative field in order to make the whole system rational and efficient. The Civil Code of 1804 is usually known as the Napoleonic Code.
1. The first major change was doing away with all privileges based on birth, establishing equality before law and securing the right to property.
2. Administrative divisions were simplified.
3. Feudal system was abolished and peasants were freed from serfdom and manorial dues (abuse of manorial lords).
4. In towns, guild restrictions were removed.
5. Transport and communication systems were improved.
Q20. Explain any five economic hardships that Europe faced in the 1830s. [5M, 2016, 2013, 2011]
Ans20. Following are the causes of economic hardships in Europe during 1830s:
1. Europe had come under the grip of large scale unemployment. In most of the countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment.
2. Cities had become overcrowded and slums had emerged as populations from the rural areas migrated to the cities.
3. Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods from England where industrialization was more advanced specially in the field of textile production.
4. In those regions of Europe, where aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
5. The rise of food prices and bad harvests added to the hardships of the peasants.
Q21. Describe any five measures which were introduced by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. [5M, 2016, 2015, 2012]
Ans21.The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch.
When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood.
=>They emphasized on father land (La Patrie) for all, and they addressed the French people as citizens(citoyen).
=>They were given the tricolour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity.
French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:
1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory.
4. Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted.
Q22. Describe the process of unification of Germany.
[5M, 2015, 2013, 2012]
Ans22. Unification of Germany:
In the 18th century, Germany was divided into a number of states. Some of these states ceased to exist during the Napoleonic wars. At the end of the war, there were still 39 independent states in Germany. Prussia was most powerful, dominated by big landlords known as Junkers.
(i) Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle class Germans who had tried to unite the different regions of the German federation into a nation-state governed by an elected Parliament.
(ii) In May 1848, a large number of political associations came together to vote for an All German National Assembly. Their representatives met at Frankfurt and the Frankfurt Assembly proposed the unification of Germany as a constitutional monarchy under the King of Prussia as emperor.
(ii) The King of Prussia rejected the offer and the liberal initiative of nation building was repressed by combined forces of the monarchy, the military and the Junkers'
(iv) Then on, Prussia under its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck led the movement for unification of Germany. Bismarck carried out this process with the help of the Prussian army and the bureaucracy. He fought three wars over seven years with Denmark, Austria and France. Prussia was victorious in all these wars and the process of unification was completed as a result of Prussia's victory over France.
(v) Consequently, on 18th January 1871, an assembly of princes of German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers and Bismarck gathered in the Palace of Versailles and proclaimed the Prussian King, Kaiser William, the new German Emperor.
Thanks buddy
Thanks buddy
Mann
Damnn such efforts, you're a gem buddy❤
hats off for your effort dude
Anyone of batch 2024 - 2025 ..
Time 3:17 am
Date 21/ 5 /24
This is for memory and i hope you will help me remembering me this comment by like❤
@@AnilKumar-xd8rhkya baat hai 😒😒 🤨
@@Sparkling_Leo_9 😂
@@Sparkling_Leo_9😂😂😂
I was celebrating my birthday bro ☠️
Batch 2024-25 attendence please 😊
Who else need other 2 chapters of History in 25 min 🔥
Age of Industrialisation &
Print culture and the modern world
Plz mam bring other chapters also 🙏
Edit - Omg 😱 first time I got this much likes thanku all
Plz bring this chapters video shubham pathak
Me
2024-25 batch?
Present sir 😂
Present
Present 😂😂
Yess
It's just INCREDIBLE 💌to complete this long chapter in just 25 minutes.
.
Thank you for being a truly outstanding teacher💖. Your passion for teaching and your dedication to your students is obvious in everything you do. I feel so lucky that I found your channel. 💗I hope you know the priceless impact you are making in so many lives.❤❤
❤😊✅
Physics wallah me 20 min me khatam kar diya h
Not 25 min its 25min and 47 second
@@the_sanatani_boy9099 😂
Hii muskan mai garima
POV : today is my exam and I am watching this on 1:15 am 😂
Anyone else like me ?
Lol same
Same 😂
Same
Us
@@laptop_gaming69 us🖇️
2024 wale attendance lagao😂😂 all the best for tomorrow's exam (7march,2024)
All the best ❤
Meee
All the best 🤞👍
Nah man
Present master ji 😂😂😂
Best of luck to all the buddy for tomorrow sst exam 🥲😨😰😥😢😭😱
Hope so easy hoye science ki tarah nhi 🙏
Aapke muh me ghee shakar vro 💜
Exam is near
Nothing is clear
No need to fear
Subham pathak mam is here ❤
Kya baat h bhai kya lines h i m impress your lines 😍😍
@@tinku6118yeh copy paste wali line hai bas naam change kar diya
@@xtranub8792 sch m
Kaha kaha se aate hai ye log 😂
Ek raat phle kon kon dekh rha h sir pakad kr yrr hooo nhi rhaa 😭
😂
Karna padega 😞
Maiii
Hmmmmmmm 😭🙂
Dukh dard peedha
Ma'am I always found this chapter tough and really confusing. But when I saw the video, everything got clear. Thank you ma'am for making short videos. These type of videos are really good for last minute revisions!
Question - Explain France's contribution in bringing a collective identity among people.
Answer-
'FECTIL'
F - Flag
E - Election commision
C - Central Administrative System
T - The ideas of la patre and le citoyen
I - Internal custom duties
L - common Language
Hope it helps
Padhle
thankyoi
Boards ki kasam jisne subscribe nhi kiya vo board me fail (Don't take risk) 😂☠️💀👽
Teri to********
😮😮
Bhk
Mujhe risk Lena psnd hai 🙃
10:23 ma'am aapne kaha ki LOUIS PHILLIP ko king banaya gaya after treaty of Vienna... but us time to bourbon dynasty ko restore kiya gya tha...
And book me likha hai ki LOUIS PHILLIP ko head banaya gya after conservative regime bourbon Dynasty ko hatakar liberal movements ke baad as a head of constitutional monarchy...
ohH! my pretty ma'am
Can't believe she stood for so long Continuously speaking and remembering .
it is proved that nothing is impossible for SUBHAM ma'am
if Subham mam is with us then everything is possible .
Thankyou mam ❣
I am not gonna lie but your explanations help a lot. Thankyou so much ma'am
Ma'am, could you also make videos for Ch 4 & 5 of History under 30 minutes?
A humble request...
Thank you so much mam for such a great explanation 😍
It was very short and sweet explanation ❤️
It would really help during boards
Thank you so much 🙏🏽
Thanks mam 🥰😊
Aapke padhane ka tarika best hai
Bole to gazab 👍👍👍
You are perfect example of beauty with brain ❤️❤️
Wow ❤
"When french sneeze our syllabus increases"
True af😢
Exam is in 6 hrs and I'm watching now 💀
Legend fr...
Wasted 7 days successfully 👍
👋
Samee vro
Samee
Exam in 2 hrs 😢😭
Mam aapne bahat jald ye chapter ko pura cover kar Diya thank you so much for your time management skills
*HERE ARE SOME IMPORTANT QUESTIONS PYQ OF IT ❤MAY IT HELP YOU FOR YOUR BOARDS AND LAST NIGHT STUDY IT IS TOPPER ANSWER FOR BACK BACKBENCHER* The Rise of Nationalism in Europe- Important Questions Years: 2020 to 22
Q.1. Examine the significance of the Statue of Liberty in Frederic Sorrieu’s paintings,’ The Dream of the World Wide Democratic and Socialist Republics’. (2020)
Ans. In the Sorrieu’s paintings the ‘Statue of Liberty’ is personified as women bearing the Torch of Enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights in the other. The statue signifies the rise of nationalism to establish nation states based on democratic principles with inalienable human rights.
TOPERS ANSWERS
Q.2. How did the Greek War of Independence mobilise nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe? Explain. (2020, 11)
Ans. Greek war of independence mobilized the nationalist feeling in Europe through the following ways:
(i) Greece was viewed as a part of Europe that had been annexed by Ottomans and now needed to be liberated.
Mam uhh are just great....thankuhhh..so much for this vdo😢...this was really helpful my all doubts are clear now.....thank you dil se..🙏❤
IMPORTANT DATES FOR CH 1 HISTORY
1848: Frederic Sorrieu a French artist prepared a series of four paintings visualising his dream of a world made up of democratic and socialist republics.
1789: the French Revolution
1833: a merchant travelling in 1833 from Hamburg to Nuremberg to sell his goods would have to had to pass through 11 customs barriers and pay a custom duty of about 5% at each one of them
1834: a customs Union of Zollverein was formed
1815: Napoleon was defeated
1815: the representatives of the European powers like Britain Russia prussia and Austria who had collectively defeated Napoleon made at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe
1815: Vienna Convention
1807: Giuseppe Muzzini was born.
1830: the first upheaval took place in France in July 1830
1821: the struggle of the greeks for their Independence began.
1824: English poet Lord Byron died in 1824
Thanks 👍
@@Kajalsunita_kushwaha 😃😃😃
Mam pls help us learn the chapter mineral energy and resources....biggest request ever....we understood the chapter but it is difficult to learn and memorise it...pls bring tip and tricks to learn different minerals the region where they are found...their importance
MAAN for tertiary age coals
Wow...like she just explained in a story form that to continues...mam your fab ❤️✨..thanku
Amazing session mam very very very helpful mam ... thankyou so much. ...ekdam story jaise samjh liya 🎉💞 💖....mam history ke aur bhi chapters please jaldi se bna dijiye....🙏🙏🙏🙏
Bhaiii kall exam he abhiii 1:30Am bajee he bhot dar lagra heee🥺🥺, kon kon mere sathh jag kar padh raha hee like karrr👍🏻
Hope for best tommorow❤️
Alll the best👍🏻👍🏻
Thanku so much mam for clearing my doubts🥰🥰🥰🥰
Very informative video for the teenagers facing the fear of board infront of them, including me. Appreciate this!
How much marks did you get in sst?
Her video is like a summary which help in framing questions😊
Thankyou
Legends who scored 60-80% last year ...will score 95+% this year ...good luck study hard❤❤
Mam please make 25 min. revision video for economics and civics
Thanku mam for such grate short explanation 🙏.
Mam please try to provide such videos on age of industrialisation and print culture aswell. Thx so much for your efforts. These videos are really helpful! 😊
Thank you ma'am for this wonderful session.😊😊🤗
Thankyou mam❤ this explanation is very helpful for us😊😘thnku...
I love these short videosssss mammmmm.....thankkkkeeewwwww....❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣
The bestest explanation in whole UA-cam of this chapter 🎉🎉❤❤
you just explained every topic in 25 min better than any other school teacher teaches in 35+min💕💯
I shared this video with my friends. I regret , now they all are scoring good marks because of this ma'ams outstanding teaching . Now my parents are shouting why ain't I coming first in SST anymore.
Before one year this video helped me a lot during my boards ...❤this golden lecture is still very very helpful and informative ❤
Best ever teacher! 🌸summarizing with imp.information ❤;
There are only two legend teachers of SSt on UA-cam - Shubham mam and Digraj Singh rajput sir.
🦾
*EDIT* -Bas Karo kitne like karoge 😂 chalo record banaye 🗿👁️👄👁️😆😂😂😉😉
bio also
Pranay Bhaiya also
Sunlike study be like: hold my animation 😂
@@indianteens 💀
These short revisions are THE BEST! for history thank you soo much!
Btw can you please make for Ls 4 aswell??
Any student of batch 2023-2024 🙋
Ha
Yes
me
Jo mai iss chapter mein 15 ghante lagakar nhi samjha pure saal wo yahaan mai 25 minute mein samajh gaya. Thank you shubham didi. Great explanation 🥹🙌👍💪
IDK why students are watching 5-6 hours long long videos of chapters whereas Shubham ma'am teaches the same chapter in less time as compared to them and without even taking breaks she teaches continuously in the LIVE and the other students think that there teachers are making 6 hours long videos without taking breaks whereas each topic is recorded and uploaded and on the other hand Shubham ma'am teaches LIVE and also takes doubts of students. She even provides free PDF of her sessions.She has more potential than other teachers. She deserves more. We love you ma'am and we are always there to support you. #shubhampathak #thebestsstteacher
💯 🙌 💞
Mam can you make a short revision video for civics too?
Thank you mam your video helps a lot ♥✨
*Madam Has CBSE declared any blueprint of chapters for boards officially??*
Mdm plzzz kindly *REPLY* asap if u have any idea abt it?????
Britain different ethnicities
WISE :-)
W- welsh
I- Irish
S- Scottish
E- english
//Mam you are the best teacher which I can't find in my surrounding ^_^
Thanks alot for this superbbbb video🥰🥰
best lecture everr for dis chapter❤️ i had my book open all the while and there wasnt a single line missed. Thank u sm maam for ur continuous efforts💓
Everything is temporary but bindi on shubham Mam's face is permanent 😭❤️
Hi ma'am could you please post more videos for quick last minute revision and study tips for exams. The 25 min history revision video really helped a lot.
Words fail short everytime mam, but Thankyou. Very much. It means a lot, a lot to us🌸
PS: please bring marathon of geography, its much much needed! thankyou :)
Thankyou mam, this session was amazing like u covered all the important topics in just 25 mins! This really saved a lot of time as i only wanted to do a recap of this ch and I'm actually glad that I saw this video. Thankyou so much mam for this amazing session!
Maam do we have to learn dates in which political parties were formed??
Ur incredible... Amazing superb...no words mam hatts off..💜🙄⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Mam please give one shot lecture of age of industrialization &print culture and the modern world
yehh
Yessssssss
Yes
Mam
I am just so thankful to you because I was not able to understand this chapter still from starting
But by seeing your video i just covered and learned this chapter so well and your's video made me able to know every single thing in the chapter which i was not able to understand
So it's a big thanks to u mam
I will just recommend your channel, videos to everyone
Thank you mam ✨
Mam pls bring tip and tricks to learn ports with their utilization...lifelines of national economy...how and why which port is important
it's good 👇👇
When CBSE sneezes are syllabus is increases but when student sneezes are syllabus is decreases 🤔🤔
nice explanation mam...😊😊😇
Your every shots of long chapters are so good than the 2-3 hours videos . And You u did it without leaving any topics
It's really appreciating 👏🏻👏🏻✨
Yes we understanded everything but we cannot make ans by own 🥲
😮😮😮😂
DAMN!! That explanation was mind blowing really appreciate your efforts ma'am.
You have been a great help
Total session was very helpful ❤️Thank you very much mam🌺
Please also make the summary session for Nationalism in India
wonderful explanation❤❤❤
Mam thanks a lot this helps to revise everything easily❤❤❤❤ 14:52
Hatts off to mam who learned full story ❤❤❤❤ only for us
Women*
Hey...!
24-25 batch attendance here
Thank you so much mam...✨such a helpful video for revision..👏💫
THE HELPFULNESS OF THIS VIDEO IS BEYOND SPEECH FORM>>>>>
Maam please give one shot lecture on the age of industrialization & print culture and the modern world
Ma'am your efforts should be appreciated✨🤍
It was best explanation all over the videos i have seen🤌❤️
❤️❤️
The best revision ever ever❤❤❤
Thank you thank you thank you
I swear she is the best sst teacher..have watched many 30min revision lecture and this is one which covers all the topics including small ones
Thanks mam I pray today will my best paper in pt1 and I score 50/50
Thank you mam
Wowww that's unbelievable to complete this very big chapter with full beautiful explanation in just 25 min thank you soooooo much mam❤️❤️❤️❤️
Mam u are awesome teacher 😇😇😇
Mam Mera kl pre board ka sst exam h or me ap ke sare chapter ke hi one shot dekh kr jaungi AAP bahut acha explain krte ho....❤ Thank you so much mam...
Mam Right Now I am revising the chapters and your short go throughs really are helping me a lot for reminding the points in sequence in my mind !!
Thank you mam😊
Hello yashika ..!
Legends watch one day before exam it means today 14/03/2023 and 15/04/2023 is you social exam
💀
😉me
Thank you so much for your lectures mam really helpful!!!!!
Ma'am you are a such great teacher, I like your teaching way and you explain history in simple way so we can understand easily before I don't like social science but when I see your video then my confidence is increased, thankyou ma'am...
Hello mam
Thank u so much for this session can u make a one shot for age of industrialisation as well
Mam plzz provide us a video of print culture chapter under 30 -40 min ❤️need this Chapter so much ......🙏🙏
Best of luck for your tomorrow social science board exam 2023-24 ❤️👍🏻
thanku mamm 🙏🏻🙏🏻 helped a lot👍👍
When France sneezes our head ache increses😢😢
😂😂