SUT Network Basics CET161 DNS and Transport Layer True or False Questions and Answers

Domain Name System (DNS)
DNS Overview:
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system used to resolve human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into machine-readable IP addresses (like 192.168.1.1).
DNS is essential for internet functionality as it helps users connect to websites using easily memorable names rather than numerical IP addresses.
Key Features of DNS:
Resolution:
DNS resolves domain names to IP addresses (True).
Protocols:
DNS operates primarily over UDP for queries due to its lower overhead and faster performance. However, TCP is used for zone transfers and when responses exceed certain sizes (True for UDP as the main protocol).
Security (DNSSEC):
DNSSEC adds security by ensuring the integrity and authenticity of DNS data, preventing attacks like cache poisoning (True).
Communication Port:
DNS uses port 53 for both TCP and UDP communications (True).
Structure:
DNS servers are organized hierarchically, starting from root servers to TLD (Top-Level Domain) servers, and down to authoritative servers for specific domains (True).
Common DNS Mechanisms:
Recursive DNS Servers: They respond with the final IP address after querying other DNS servers on behalf of the client (True).
DNS over HTTPS (DoH): Encrypts DNS queries using HTTPS to enhance privacy and security (True).
DNS Spoofing: A malicious activity where the DNS cache is corrupted with false information, redirecting users to fraudulent sites (True).
Anycast Routing: Used to distribute DNS queries to the nearest or most efficient DNS server among multiple servers sharing the same IP address (True).
Time to Live (TTL): Determines how long a DNS record can be cached by resolvers before it must be refreshed (True).
Transport Layer
Transport Layer Overview:
The Transport Layer is responsible for end-to-end communication and data transfer between applications on different hosts in a network. It ensures that data is delivered accurately and in sequence.
Key Transport Layer Protocols:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data transfer with error detection and correction, flow control, and congestion control.
TCP establishes a connection using a three-way handshake and uses sequence numbers to ensure data is delivered in order.
TCP is used for applications where reliability is crucial, such as web browsing (HTTP/HTTPS), email (SMTP), and file transfers (FTP).
User Datagram Protocol (UDP):
UDP is a connectionless protocol that provides minimal overhead, making it suitable for applications requiring low latency, such as streaming and online gaming.
UDP offers error detection but not error recovery, and it does not guarantee the order or delivery of packets.
Transport Layer Mechanisms:
Flow Control: TCP uses flow control mechanisms, like the sliding window protocol, to prevent overwhelming the receiver with too much data at once (True).
Congestion Control: TCP includes congestion control to prevent network congestion and ensure fair bandwidth distribution among connections (True).
Acknowledgments (ACKs): TCP uses ACKs to confirm the receipt of data segments, ensuring reliable communication (True).
UDP Characteristics: UDP is preferred for applications where low latency and minimal overhead are more important than reliability (True).
Common Misconceptions Corrected:
Port Numbers: Port numbers are 16 bits long, not 32 bits (False).
Flow Control in UDP: UDP does not provide flow control (False).
TCP and FTP: TCP is a transport layer protocol, but FTP operates at the application layer (False).
Transport Layer Functions: The primary role of the Transport Layer is managing data transmission between applications (True).
Relevant Hashtags
#NetworkBasics
#DNS
#TransportLayer
#TCP
#UDP
#ComputerNetworking
#CyberSecurity
#NetworkingProtocols
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By understanding these fundamental concepts, you'll be better prepared for your course and any related certifications or job roles in networking and IT.