Loop Quantum Gravity Reveals What Came Before the Big Bang
Вставка
- Опубліковано 25 гру 2018
- The closest thing we have to an all-encompassing framework that explains all particles and forces is represented by the Standard Model of particle physics. But this model is flawed because it does not explain gravity.A theory of everything has to be able to reconcile quantum mechanics with the general theory of relativity.
This reconciliation appears to be possible with a theory called “Loop Quantum Gravity” -- or LQG. What is it?
The theory of LQG attempts to show that this geometric fabric of space-time is not continuous as Einstein presumed, but is itself quantum, made up of discrete quanta.
This is akin to the clothes or sweater you might be wearing right now. Even though it looks smooth from far away, if you looked at it closely, you would see threads, nodes and loops woven together. These are the quanta or bits that your clothing is made of.
This is different than every other theory including string theory. Because even in string theory, space is the background or the canvas, on which strings vibrate.
In LQG this space-time background is itself quantized . So this means that distance has a minimum quantity about equivalent to the plank length or 10 to the -33 cm. Similarly, area has a minimum value of 10 to the -66 cm squared, and volume has a minimum value of 10 to the -99 cm cubed - below which it cannot go.
This is super tiny. LQG says that there are about 10 to the 99 quanta of volume in every cubic centimeter of space. This quantum of volume is so tiny that there are more such quanta in a cubic centimeter than there are cubic centimeters in the entire visible universe -- (10 to the 85)
And Time itself has a minimum quantity as well which is 10 to the -43 seconds or close to plank time. And what do these space-time quanta look like? They are like loops.
The nodes that intersect is where the quanta volumes of space reside. It has a volume that is a multiple of the plank volume 10 to the -99 cubic centimeters. The loops in between the nodes represent 2 dimensional areas. And large quantities of these loops and nodes are called “spin networks.” -- because their properties are related to particle qualities called spins.
And Time is defined by the moves that rearrange this spin network.
The spin network, when combined with these quantum movements of time, is called a spin foam.
Time does not flow like a river in the spin foam, it ticks like a digital clock. And each such quantum tick or movement of the spin network is 1 X 10 to the -43 second. Every location in the spin network where a quantum move takes place, time has ticked once.
When mass and energy are added to this spin foam, the shape of the volumes of the spin network is distorted. This distorts space and time, because any movement of these quanta also affects the time quanta. Time is essentially movement of these volume quanta.
And this distortion of space and time is what we perceive as gravity.
The exciting thing about LQG is that it appears to explain some of cosmology’s greatest questions, like, what came before the big bang. According to LQG the big bang could not have started with a singularity which would have been infinitesimally small, and of infinite density…because there is a limit to how small space can become, 10 to the -99 cubic centimeters.
This is the smallest volume of space according to LQG. This also implies a maximum energy density that this minimum volume of space could have had. And once that maximum energy density was reached, it would have repelled any additional energy added to it -- like a sponge that gets saturated with water, will repel any additional water.
So LQG predicts that the universe did not start with a big bang, but with a big bounce. The universe was big at one time. It then contracted. It bounced and then exploded from this bounce.
So prior to what we call the big bang, the universe was in a contracting phase of a prior universe. And when it reached a minimum plank volume, all additional energy bounced off and created what looks to us like a big bang.
So LQG has a lot going for it. Is it the theory of everything? No, not quite yet, because it needs to be confirmed with observation. And, its mathematics needs to be further developed to make dark energy and dark matter emerge. But, in my view, Loop Quantum Gravity has brought us closer to a theory of everything than anything else over the past 100 years.
#loopquantumgravity #LQG
Citations:
universe-review.ca/R01-07-quan...
www.edge.org/conversation/lee...
www.phys.lsu.edu/faculty/pulli...
www.einstein-online.info/eleme...
igpg.gravity.psu.edu/people/As...
• Video
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
inspirehep.net/record/882216/p...
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article... - Наука та технологія
If you have any questions, please leave a comment below. I will reply to EVERY question asked. LQG is a very complex subject, so 6 minutes doesn't quite do it justice, but I rather you get a feel for it than not know about it at all. Thanks for all the support!
But,
sir you rocked in less than 6 minutes with your passion of explanation...
It answered my most of the questions...
That was an amazing video! So does that mean in LQG, gravity is just geometry like Einstein predicted? Would this mean it's not a force and therefore there is no graviton? It's a really cool theory but I would be kind of let down if there wasn't a graviton. I really hope we will be able to manipulate gravity someday.
@@gearhead1302 Correct. If LQG is proven then no graviton exists. String theory, of course, says otherwise. Watch for my video on string Theory coming this Thursday at 2PM, to learn about the competing theory.
Sir I do have one question to ask why do the universe need to contact that means in a sense it is trying to say that end of the universe is going to be with BIG CRUNCH in order to trigger another universe... And another thing thus is promote that time is reversible... And how come the very first universe exist...
@@abdulmannanseikh401 If I understand your question correctly, I think you are asking whether our universe will end in a big crunch, and whether time will reverse. LQG theory only shows what came BEFORE the big bang, it does not say anything about the future, or how our universe will end. LQG does not imply that our current universe will end in a big crunch. In fact, all current evidence seems to show that our universe will expand forever. Regarding time, there is not reversal of time. Even if the universe someday reverses its expansion, or ends in a crunch, time would continue to more forward. No reversal of time is predicted with a shrinking of the Universe.
So far you explain difficult stuff better than anyone.
Arvin explains things very well indeed. Check out Science Asylum, he is a very good explainer as well, and a bit crazy.
I always find the people who understand a subject the most explain it the best. The proof of this, read some of the early work of newton and you will find the simplest explanations of calculus and limits.
@@XEinstein A bit close minded, IMO... like most scientists.
No lies detected here
@@1024det This is why everyone should read Herman Weyl's "Space, Tme, Matter" instead of watching youtube videos. I mean who would explain general relativity better than one of the people who helped to create it (No, Einstein wasn't all by himself, there were Lorentz, Poincare, Elie Cartan, etc).
This actually makes more sense to me than string theory. I don't really understand either of them, but this makes more sense, if that makes sense. 😁
I would agree with you. The fundamental problem with string theory is that its mathematics can fit almost any reality, so there is nothing it reveals that is unique to our Universe. So, imho, if our universe behaved completely differently, string theory mathematics could explain it. But I will be making a video on string theory, so you can judge for yourself.
It makes sense that there was a universe before this one without proof of its existence and the assumption that the physical laws of that universe matched closely enough to the law of gravity in our universe enough so that we can deduce that it must have contracted and then bounced to create our universe?
Great if you can follow that assumption. So what came before that universe?
@@phoenixbyrd79 very underrated comment. Deserves a 👍
@@phoenixbyrd79 in a contracted universe, am I born 98 and die a baby
@@nieshapatterson2902 no but if your a bit over your desired thickness. I can promise there is a thinning coming.😁😄😁😁
This man can explain such complicated theories in much simpler language that everybody understands. He must have a really high IQ. an excellent teacher
He used to be a male stripper
@@jaulloa21 sure why not
@@dimes7742 it’s a respectable theory...
@@jaulloa21 what is?
@@dimes7742 that he was a stripper
This in my recommended video's, UA-cam doin somthing right
Thanks bro.
Same here, but there are no apostrophes in plurals!
Subscribe, dude. Subscribe!
What I like about your videos is that you get straight into the most important and complicated aspects of your subject and still manage to explain them thoroughly and in a uniquely simple and intuitive way.
Feynman and Einstein said if you are able to explain something in simple terms that means you understand it well.
.............. may be a holy indian cow created the Cosmos ................. just kidding
finally someone had explained this theory in a simple language please we want to know more about this Theory
Thanks brother! Glad you got something out of it. It is fascinating isn't it?
@@ArvinAsh if albert einstein still alive and he asked to choose betwen LQG and string theory , he will choose LQG , because he believes that spacetime is a fundamental thing in the nature .
You have a point! You are probably right about that. String theory is just a lot of math, I feel, and makes a lot of predictions, which really can not be verified.
@@ArvinAsh Dont you think LGQ. makes up for a difficult view of the universe and string theroy albiet a little doubtful provides a more grand view of the universe. I would love to hear your opinion
@@prateekgupta2408 doesn't make string theory true
As a non physicist who is fascinated by and listens to many many hours of physics lectures and videos like this I believe that LQG is on to something. The fact that mass not only warps space time but that spinning mass will drag space time screams that there is an underlying fabric, whether strings or loops. As I have commented on numerous other videos, Space time itself is the answer to the elusive end of Gravity. Now to find out what is the "fabric" that makes it up.
Great presentation. You speak well and I see no reason why your channel shouldn't grow if you continued to make more videos.
Sorry, I didn't realise I sounded condescending.
Roger Onslow you didn’t, Jamie just sounds like he lacks interpersonal skills and maybe needs to go out and practice talking to people in the ‘offline community.’
@@optimize. xd
Thank you so much for your videos!! I'm watching all the ads, I read somewhere that that's beneficial to you.
Great video again. I agree with you that LQG is closer to a TOE than nearly every other theory (including String Theory). But it will likely be a combination of both that end up advancing us further to a TOE. As a side note, please turn down the background music. It drowns out what you're saying. Your content and explanations are good enough to not need the music. You have a fantastic channel Arvin.
Well structured presentation. Great job Arvin
Thanks my friend! See you in the next video.
@@ArvinAsh sure thanks
Many thanks for this video Mr Ash - you managed to make a very complicated subject (reasonably) understandable
great...reasonably understandable is our aim.
Just discovered your channel and l am very impressed. Your clips on loop quantum gravity and inside a blackhole are fascinating and understandable. Thank you.
It would be so amazing to see a theory of everything in my lifetime.
Agree. Let's hope the next Einstein is living among us.
Fabulous Explanation sir,
You explained each point which I was thinking since last 8-9 years...
I already studied lots of theories in Physics with very detail but only Quantum Loop Gravity was left and it was my 1st video on this topic from your side which I watched and listened with lots of Explanations from your side.
I feel that this theory either will lead String Theory or will play very important role to modify any other coming unified theory in physics...
Kindly keep your work on 👍👍👍
Thanks for watching.
Ah yes string theory. My problem with it is that they need multiple dimensions to solve it. To me rules which govern the things we can see should also apply to those which we can not and vise versa.
Amazing stuff! Thanks for your excellent explanation. Could you comment on how LQG views black holes? I understand that it is quite different than other points of view involving singularities and gradual evaporation. Thanks!
There would be no singularity inside if LQG is correct.
It's always made intuitive sense to me that the universe is a cyclical process and that we are living in one of countless iterations of that cycle. It will be interesting to see if they can fully develop this theory.
This helped me visualize space time better than any other explanation. Thanks Arvin!
Great video.
It makes sense and it clarifies some of my doubts with space-time.
Does it explain why the space is expanding in mega parsecs?
WOW! I’m literally floored, this video gave me goosebumps. I’ve never heard a better explanation. Sagan would be proud of you.
Awesome, man. I have been keeping my eyes on QG since I became aware of it, this is very exciting stuff.
Omg this is the shortest but most clear video I've watched about loop quantum gravity
I like the idea of an infinite contracting and rebound universe better than the idea that everything came from a starting point. Besides, all physical quantities should have a limit so the idea of infinite density makes no sense to me.
Yose Yoda read the science fiction trilogy The Three Body Problem; the author uses that concept as a plot device in the third book
I like the bounce theory too. That could mean that we had this conversation infinitely many times in the past!!
Question: no matter how it is defined and in what minimum or maximum scale it is expressed, TIME seems to be always a matter of measurement. My point is: why not focus on energy and leave time outside the equation? I mean, obviously the time variable is intrinsic to concepts of velocity, expansion, trajectories, etc, but it is always a measurement, it is always used to describe a behavior, but it is not "the behavior". The properties of a given particle, for instance, are the result of chemical/physical reactions and transformations that eventually can be measured in time. But time itself is not a constituent of these particles. Wouldn't it be "more coherent" to say SPACE/ENERGY instead of SPACE/TIME? In fact, if we go even further, SPACE itself is just an expression of how we measure/understand ENERGY in motion.
Experiments like the ones performed by the Large Hadron Collider are, in my opinion, at the very center of the question. That's how the very nature of the fabric of the universe is investigated. I am not suggesting at all that everything else does not matter. But the most fundamental questions about Energy and Gravity (and measurements tools/images like Space and Time) will not be answered without these kind of experiments.
That's an interesting perspective. I think one of the issues would be how to define change if there is no time?
Thanks so much for the answer. I know it is sounds paradoxical.
I think I don't understand why TIME is considered a dimension. When we talk about "change" we are using time simply as a measurement tool once again, no matter whether the change takes place at planck scale or light-years. So the question is what are the forces/particles that are really provoking the change and if it is possible to conceive them as absolute/frozen entities, regardless of rates of change. Even the concept of relative time is, in my humble opinion, merely a question of measurement. I don't think space/time bends, but only space. And it does so because of the yet to be found fabric of the university. Time seems to be, therefore, an artificial construct.
What really bothers is when scientists talk about going back in time, traveling to the future, wormholes, and things like that. The concept of visualizing a theory pretty much through enhanced cartesian coordinates totally ignore the complexities of entropy and behaviors that are far more complex than these schemes adopted to this date. But this final statement is just a rant...apologies...
Take a look at the following two videos. I think they might help you either reinforce your view, or modify it. The first one is about time: ua-cam.com/video/7cJO3sHm7-s/v-deo.html . The second one is about one of the concepts for the theory of everything, called loop quantum gravity which talks about space as being quantum itself: ua-cam.com/video/dpmx8D5CXRA/v-deo.html -- let me know your viewpoints gain better understanding or not after watching these.
@@Sozimus I think of time as more `a part` of energy. Energy is this loose accounting mechanism that we use. It is super great at doing accounting even at the quantum scale.
I don't think the law of conservation holds at the Planck scale. Dark energy saw the the demise of light energy :)
Finally a good recommended video.. New sub..👌...
It is a Very good video that explains about 'Loop Quantum Gravity'.For the first time I got some idea of LQG. Thank you Mr.Arvin Ash.
I've just subbed at 8.3k. Looking forward to 100k and beyond.
370k now.
@@SuperYtc1 Now 500K
Awesome video you deserve more subs
Thanks brother!
It makes me worry for the world. When videos of kids unwrapping toys get millions of views, but this kind of channel has to work hard for their subs. Great videos Arvin, keep up the great work.
@@apodis4900 Good point...It's up to us to change that.
no such thing as have or desex or not, anys ok
This makes more sense than most other things I've seen, although I have a few modifications which I'm working on. Very good simplistic explanation of the theory.
Hey Arvin, I just discovered your channel and I love it! You have a new subscriber :). I have a question:
I think I understand that spacetime 'emerges' from these 'building blocks', but are mass, matter, energy, and the fundamental forces (aside from gravity) separate phenomena for which the spin network is a background, or do they 'emerge' from LQG as well? Hopefully, I'm making sense.
LQG is a largely a theory about space time. There are lots of people working on it, but I don't believe the fundamental particles so far have been found to be an emergent property from it.
Found you in my Recommended list, glad I did. I'm enjoying your work, I need to stretch my mind now and then. This was a doozy and I was ready to call BS pretty fast. But, on the other hand, maybe reality really is woven together like a cheap cardigan if you look closely enough. I'm happy if I can see the screen on my laptop without cheaters, it comes and goes. Anyway, enough small talk. I appreciate that you or someone transcribed parts of your presentation into the Show More area, it helped me digest some of it. However, every time that Max Planck is mentioned, it's spelled plank, not even capitalized. See what happens when I start looking closely at things? Glad I'm not a scientist :) Keep up the good work, and I'm not being facetious.
You are right to call BS. This is thinly disguised Eastern religion of eternal reincarnation masquerading as science. It’s not science for two reasons: 1) it cannot be properly tested, 2) it isn’t falsifiable - no experiment can be done which might prove it false. So don’t be too impressed with our good Dr. Ash.
Arvin thay was awesome. Your explanation of LQ G in such a 'quantum' of time.
You right," quantum time" i'ts Real i'ts true
Space-Time i"ts quantum naturę i'ts Very big Quantum Struktur of High Dimensional Space ; partial level of 10 Dimensional Space.
Space-Time i'ts quantum naturę i'ts Very big Quantum Struktur of High Dimensional Space; partial level i'ts 10 Dimensional Space.
I LOVE your videos! Nowhere else do I learn that much about cosmology and the real interesting stuff. Give us more!
Fantastic video! Elucidates a very difficult concept in a matter of minutes!
Surely 'the big bounce' just moves the ultimate question of how the universe started further back? What created the initial conditions that allowed the universe to contract and then bounce? This whole subject is impossible to understand for a layman.
Impossible to fully understand even for non-laymans
I always used to think as a kid that the universe has always existed, oscillating indefinitely between the big bounce and the big crunch. This was an incredibly grim realization, because it made me wonder about just how many former civilizations have discovered the entire purpose of the universe, only to reconcile it with the reality that all of their achievements and existence would be forgotten when the universe eventually recycles itself into another “big bang”. However, the second law of thermodynamics seems to forbid this notion of the big bounce, which to me is rather disappointing from a philosophical perspective.
There is only one answer,' In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth', and who made God, I hear you ask. He is outside of time and space which He created for us, He is eternal. Jesus, God the Son, came to show us how to live and pay the penalty for our wrongs. He died an agonising death but rose to show His power over death and that we can be with Him, if we accept His gift of eternal life.
That was an absolutely fantastic video, well done! I have two questions actually: as you've said the mathematics of LQG needs to be modified to take into account dark energy and dark matter, so are there already people working on that or any idea of how to do that? My second question is about technology, and I know it's hard to say, but could you speculate on what kind of impressive future technology a Quantum theory of Gravity could provide us?
Tommaso Fazio There are people working on this theory, but compared to string theory, it’s a very small number of scientists. Probably not more than a couple of dozen, compared to hundreds. Regarding technology, that’s hard to say. If we can understand how gravity affects quantum systems, we could understand what happens inside a black hole, the true nature of time. I suppose at some point it may give us the power to manipulate time as well.
@@ArvinAsh Thank you for these completely satisfying answers!
Well it still doesn't explain where energy came from in the first place.
Maybe all the energy of the universe was borrowed in the future, by the universe; to initiate the sustenance of the universe....with the assurance of knowing that the universe's sustenance is the act of paying back the borrowed energy.
fittutube ... it came from the programmer who press the start button for the simulation that we live in
Where does all the 'fake' energy in your dreams come from?
Think about it. Energy and matter are the same, right? You dream about matter, therefore you also dream about energy. It stands to reason that 'creation' (of energy and matter) is a conscious process... not a material one. The materialist view will ALWAYS leave us asking... 'but where did THAT come from?' The only real energy is the energy of consciousness.
Thanks for all the serious answers. But here's the real answer. It came from my inflaton field sized cock. Good'day.
Your ability to explain really difficult concepts with amazing graphics & animation is simply unmatched!
.............. may be a holy indian cow created the Cosmos ................. just kidding
@@josejohn5704 - stupid joke!
ola .....amigo ........... how can this be stupid joke ............ can' t believe these chinese believe dragons and monkeys as God / mother ............. indians believe cows as God / mother ................ is this 14 th centrury .............. are we travelling back in time ??? anyways nice meeting you .... I am from argentina ................. can not believe economically progressing two great nations like china and india have these kinds of non senses ................ can not believe it .................... impossible
@@josejohn5704 You seem to be from southern part of India - never knew it was in Argentina. If you ask your father he will tell how many rice bags he received to be an Argentinian. 😂
GOA portugese india ?
Great video!!!!
What is going on at min scale with space and time, when particels travel at speed of light trough it?
At the Plank scale there are ants trying to escape Klein bottles. When a particle comes through, the ants get more active; their little feet jostle the bottles more giving the effect of spacetime distortion.
Well... it makes some logical sense to a layman like me. It would be cool if this pans out!
What animation program do you use for your graphics? I would like to use it to help teach my students.
I saved this video so I can watch it 50 more times to try to understand it
Hey Mr. Ash,
Since LQG doesn't allow for the existence of a singularity, how does it handle black holes?
Excellent question! Within LQG, if you reverse time to the beginning, you find that there is no singularity, but rather an older universe - thus the "big bounce." Similarly, LQG would state that there is no singularity in black holes either, but rather a quantum link to another universe. Note, that if true, this would also eliminate the information paradox because information would still be preserved in another universe, and thus there would be no need for the holographic event horizon, which I made a video of recently.
Great. Congratulations on being such a dedicated person in the pursuit of knowledge.
Incredibly, as it opposes everything scientists have been saying since the 60's, Black holes only exist in Equations, not in reality, when you hear about things like Black holes what you are listening to is ignorance displayed as facts, using the excuse of its just to capture layman's imagination.
There is already photographic record of a black hole.
@@viniciusdomenighi6439 No there is NOT. That was not a photograph, it was photo-metric set of data points compiled into a photo like picture which was already assumed, it was not a direct photograph, but anyone watching it would know that already. Why would you do that ? pushing Ignorance - what do you get from that On a video from scientist about there being no such thing as a singularity ????
Nice video! My thoughts: If the fabric of space is quantized, and quantitization can be thought of as digital instead of analog; this leads credence to Nick Bostrom's idea that we are living in a computer simulation.
Anton Nym I agree. That's great analogy for quantization. Nick Bostrom is definitely compelling, although I fear that substantial amounts of evidence are needed to remove that idea from the realm of interpretation
I don't usuall subsribe but this channell deserves a follow. 👍🏽
Questions:
1. How can space/time contract to the minimum cubic volume and have additional energy input (the illustration of a full sponge repelling water) from outside that minimum volume if the "outside" doesn't exist (i.e. all space/time contained within minimum cubic volume)? Even with quantum creation from "nothingness" to produce an additional energy input, a space/time construct must exist for that energy level to pop into existence.
2. If there was an external energy input being repelled by a minimum cubic volume, and that minimum cubic volume "exploded" into the "big bang", then what happened to the additional external energy input that was being repelled? Where did it go, and how much was there?
3. Why would a prior contracting universe produce a subsequent universe that (by all current observations) will never contract (it is actually accelerating outward)?
Great questions! The energy would not have been "outside" the minimum volume. So in that respect, the sponge analogy is imperfect. One scenario is that the spacial contraction of the prior universe occurred faster than energy could contract, and somehow this caused a bounce. Regarding the current universe expanding, LQG does not make any predictions about the current universe. So the fate of the prior universe does not necessarily mean that the current universe would have the same fate.
Another great video. Thanks!
Thanks Julio.
Thanks for this great video. However, how does LQG explain what happens at the center of a black hole?
According to LQG the singularity at the center of a black hole can not exist, since a point infinitesimally small and of infinite density can not exist. No singularity, but instead the math of LQG seems to point to a quantum bridge to another universe. I am not an expert on LQG, so don't know the details of how the math shows this. Abhay Ashetekar of Penn State University is the leading expert on it, and he is the one that figured out the math to come to the conclusion above.
theres no such thing as a black hole.. they need to change it to "black mass"
@@Jammin6796 Black Hole > Black Mass > BLACK SABBATH!
@@victororo462 the shape of which is🤟
Wow. Another great video! Absolutely superb. Never heard of this theory, so thank you again for making this esoteric content accessible to everyone. The theory does seem to consider matter/energy and time as manifestations of a spatial fabric which would seem to be a critical new fundamental assumption from which to operate and a key to progress. The diagrams in books and videos typically show a planet resting on top of and pushing out on the surrounding space. This seems incorrect, especially from the perspective of loop theory, since the bunching up of the spatial fabric literally is the planet. If space if clumped into matter/energy, the lines of space would be pulled towards the clump (planet) rather than pushed out by it as it appears in most diagrams. Would it not be more accurate to show the planet as woven into the spatial fabric itself rather than sitting on top of and separate from the fabric? I have yet to see that seemingly critical concept in a book diagram and wonder if you have other videos that show it that way. If not, I would love to see it in a future video, if it made sense. Thank you again for providing access to these confusing concepts in such a friendly and engaging format.
You're explanations are are comprensible, thank you!
"THE BIG BOUNCE" - coming this Fall - on CBS 😁😊
God help us
Actually I thought about The Big Bang in terms of what you are describing in your "Big Bounce" concept once.
This background music absolute fire 🔥🔥🔥
This Changes things, I really enjoy learning about the Cosmos, you explain things very well, I've been Subscribed to your channel for about 8 months, thank you for the videos. God Bless the Universe.
I seethis video every week. More i see it, more i feel that this explanation is the truth
What caused the previous universe that
Produced this universe ?
Good question. LQG has nothing to say about that.
it's turtles all the way down
Who cares
So our current universe is doing the same thing collapsing on itself again to form a new universe, it's the ultimate loop theory lmao
@@SeanFlaherty -- Obviously!!
Hey Arvin. Nice video. Getting towards the end when you talk about the big bang not actually being a bang but a bounce, i then got this image in my head that the start of the universe isn`t from an explosion but more of a rebound or implosion. Does this mean that the universe is cyclic?? Like a universe rebounding off of another one, like the way bubbles pop off of one another?!
That would seem to be natural deduction, but LQG only says how the universe started. It does not say anything about how it will end. So a cyclic universe can not be concluded.
@@ArvinAsh Thank you for your response. Yes I guess that maybe this is something inscrutable but I'd like to think maybe it is. Wherever I look in nature, things seems to repeat themselves as if perpetually.
I so love your channel, it gets my mind going. I'll be sure to go through more of your videos. Thank you Arvin
Love this channel!
That's incredible!
I know, Right?
I like it better than string theory !
Thats beautiful theory, I hope it can be proved with observations in my life time and reveals some of my befor sleep time questions
Loop Quantum Gravity and a Big Bounce may explain the question of "Why did Supermassive Black Holes exist so early in the Universe?" Unfortunately, Look Quantum Gravity and the Big Bounce being the result of a prior Universe also creates the new question of, "Where did the other Universe originate?"
If space is quantized does it adhere to the heisenberg principle?
Interesting question. I don't know, but I would think that since the uncertainty principle applies to a particle's location and velocity, space itself would not fall under this principle because presumably it has no velocity.
Arvin Ash I would think that space itself does have velocity, as the further away you from a point in space the more it will recede away from your reference frame. Classically I would think that since spacetime has no absolute existence then it wouldn’t need to adhere to the Heisenberg principle. Does spacetime still have no absolute existence if it’s quantized?
@@chrisallen9509 It's not that space is "moving" away from you, it's space is being created between you and that point. So I don't think space has velocity.
PROBABLY ONLY IN CLASSICAL EINSTEIN THEORY...(?)
@@TK0_23_ YEP
fucking great video. One of the best explanations of time i have ever seen. thank you.
Aye
Wow- such a clear and thought-provoking explanation- thanks.
Questions- Is the spin network an inertial reference frame? Is Time independent of mass and energy, just loop-activity? Gravity arises when energy and mass are ‘added’ to the spin network- where do mass and energy come from?
Really enjoy all your videos!
Thanks for watching. Great questions! Not sure if spin network would be a reference frame. Everything in the spin network is connected, so Even a small movement of your toe affects the entire spin network of the universe to some degree. Yes, time would be movement of the network only. The idea is that space itself is quantized.
Arvin Ash - this topic reminds me of the ideas on Time from Julian Barbour- he claims time is not a fundamental dimension but merely is an emergent consequence of movement, one time-quantum at a time...but what ‘causes’ any movement in the first place?
Looking forward to your next videos- you present such complex, deep ideas without bias or preaching.
Boy it already looks good. Great narration.
Great, now prove there was a universe before this one. I won't hold my breath...
Ask Galactus.
Prove there wasnt. I wont hold my breath...
Check video "Quantum Craziness | Space News" first.
As someone with only a basic science background I have always struggled with string theory, what happened before the big bang, the irreconcilable issue of the standard model verses Einstien's gravity equations. Someone once said that in physics the more 'beautiful' the therory the more it was felt likly to be true. This LQG has on the face of it a beauty that seems to make sense even to a layman like me. So reality comprises 'force nets' composed of finite distances & time periods and the movement of particles through it all create that which we observe including gravity and time. Job done - now where's my jetpack I was promised as a child of the 60's?
So how would we account for the fact that the expansion seems to be accelerating? Will the universe contract again? And if so, is each contraction perfectly efficient, or will the bounces get attenuated with time?
Felipe Behrens that's what I was wondering as well. One thing I thought of was perhaps on the universal scale the Big Bang or bounce has not yet reached the point at which it should theoretically begin deceleration then contraction. Kind of like how with an explosion on Earth objects or shrapnel are propelled at an accelerating rate until they hit a certain point (like terminal velocity when falling) then decelerate. Of course Earth has other contributing factors to this such as drag and what not but perhaps an explanation similar to this could provide an option.
I would recommend you use the word "Observable Universe" instead of Universe. This itself will give us more clarity of few things. We have not practically tested if our equations work on the edge of our observable universe. Then how can we generalize all equations to the whole universe? Also we have not even studied about black hole yet. And also about dark energy as you mentioned. So I feel it's too early for us to even try theorizing things of that magnitude
.............. may be a holy indian cow created the Cosmos ................. just kidding
@@josejohn5704 Well... Until it's proven otherwise, that might also be true. That's what science is all about. So keep in mind the Holy Indian Cow concept of yours.
ola ...vamos ....amigo ............... may be u may better person than those non sense cow people from india
@@josejohn5704 Ya extremism is everywhere. It's the same with the cow concept as well. But cow is traditionally connected animal to Indians. So with that sentiment in mind, people create too many stories around it.
Epic
Loop-Quantum-Gravity
I'm working on this theory, I've got an Intuition that time and space should be quantized.
I think all of our measurement scales should be re-build to new level of quantized numbers, upon quantized points in coordinate system, to get new values, then use these new values to convert all the variables values on all the equations we have in physics today, to see what we would get as outputs.
I think, i should study more in mathematics & geometry to make this happen 😅😅
Low Quality Gachi
Very deep and inspirational Arvin. I agree wholeheartedly about much of this understanding of the fabric of space.
I define time as the measurement of the motion of particles, otherwise called energy. So it is the measurement of energy.
Quantum mechanics and theory, string theory, as related to the fabric of space will lead to the discovery of extra dimensions, sub-quantum dimensions. That is where particles go through black holes and some back out into the fabric of space. By the way, "virtual" particles go out of detection because they instantaneous become part of the fabric of space. That is how the fabric of space is recycled unseen and undetected.
Parallel within the fabric of space in those extra dimensions is hyperspace. There gravity is extremely strong as dark energy has its most dominant influence and flows faster than the speed of light. Also within hyperspace there is an intricate universal network of wormholes that would remind you of the nervous system of the human brain and body. Within these wormholes energy is transferred throughout space much, much more fast than the speed of light.
LQG has many promising implications.
1) Is there anything real vaccum ?
2) what was there outside of space when space was in singularity ?
The second question is what I am looking for
Gravity is a fluid dynamic property of the ether medium. It comes out of Marklund convection wherein matter gets drawn towards the axis of flow of the magnetic field through a plasmoid like a galaxy, star, or the Earth. If you really want to know how gravity works, I suggest you get beyond Einstein's blunders and quantum, and research into plasmoids and the ether medium.
A good book to start with would be Anthony Peratt "Physics of the Plasma Universe." I would also recommend Don Scott, " The Electric Sky." This all ties together with the fluid ether medium, AKA the Tesla model, it is the fluid magnetic field that controls the flow of electricity and plasma.
The Alfven circuit is like an air conditioner, compressing and rarefying a fluid medium to take energy compressed at the galactic core and rarefying it at the Sun to release the energy and the constituent particles of the proton to power the Sun.
Just reread what you wrote. Do you realize that nothing you wrote has a logical flow? Something that a reader can follow from one point to another from fundamental principles? I really did try but man you’re not doing yourself any favors with the word salad
@@elck3 don't cut others short who have read the materials that I listed. You may not have a logical mind but the people from the 1950s to the present who have done the research do have logical minds.
@@JoeDeglman No dude, your sentences have no logical flow, as elck3 mentionned. Even if all the things you said are true, you just jump from one buzz word to the other, never explaining what the previous buzz word means. You talk about Marklund convection, then jump to axis of flow of the magnetic field, then plasmoid, how the fuck is that coherent? I doupt these people from the 1950s you mentionned would be proud of your terrible explanation.
Ticking is like a moment is space time. What happens in-between these ticks?. So many questions. I love it!!!
The energy, which is being applied from within the planet's core, is what creates gravity and not because of the size of the planet, its mass, or by space-time curvature. Gravity cannot exist alone without applied energy. ~Guadalupe Guerra
arvin my toilet is clogged up any suggestions dude
put more energy into your toilet system, lol.
We need to calculate the size of massive object that distorts the space and time of your toilet!💩🙊
Flush
Stop eating at Taco Bell.
Does a man, or woman, weigh the same on all points of the Earth -- do they weigh exactly the same at the Equator and the North Pole?
On a typical bathroom scale, yes. On a more precise spring scale, no. The earth bulges at the equator. The north pole is closer to the equator, and thus closer to the center of the earth, meaning gravity is a little higher at the north poles, so anyone would weigh slightly more there than the equator.
@@ArvinAsh So the core of the Earth 'generates' gravity -- do scientists know how?
All matter has gravitational attraction. The closer you are to the center, the greater the force you feel.
Nice visualization and summary. One does not need to know the sophisticated math to understand the idea behind LQG, like one doesn't need to know the "relatively complicated" ;-) math behind Einstein's GR (which he himself developed from an intuition he had over many years and with help from expert mathematicians), to be able to picture the mechanics of his space-time. What should we do with the ST now that we have LQG? :-)
Arvin Ash, you explain very complicated quantum world in a very simple way so that everyone can understand. Here I have question for you. In your explanation of double slit experiment, you mentioned that once a detector is placed at each of the slot, the photon moves straight to the detector screen. I just want to know if another double slit is placed behind the first one then whether interference pattern is again formed.
finite blocks
time goes in ticks
we live in minecraft guys
"what came before the big bang? Why, me of course. And it was gooooooooooooooooood." - 'God'
Thanks for such an excellent presentation!)
Excellent video and explanation. I had read books on the subject. But your lecture outdid them☺️. 👌
I have a question. At the end you spoke of singularity and compared it to a saturated sponge, which could no longer absorb any more contracting energy or matter. In the presence of such immense gravity would anything be left out at all, I wonder. If affirmative, what happens to such surplus? Does it become part of next cycle of universe?
That's the idea, that beyond a certain energy, anything further could cause the structure to explode. This could be akin to a big bang.
Arvin Ash - Thank you!
I stopped 2 minutes in. Dude said a bunch or words I've never heard from any other scientist and quickly glosses over assumptions. Is this video worth finishing?
Tony id say it is, but im coming from a place thats trying to reconcile science nihilism and loosely based spirituality away from new ageism
Hi Tony ... Yes it is. A Google search of "Loop Quantum Gravity" will show that.
I like how you use definitions... feels a lot less abstract
„Thats coming up right now“...
Drops heavy 90ies dr. Dre like beat.....
Ends video with kind of a mario kart final round track. Legend.
Great video. Concisely explained
Is it possible to reproduce a simulated universe on a Quantum Computer? (and i mean a very advanced one, that we might not have it yet)
what would be the implications of it?
your channel is mind blowing :D
Check out my video on "Are we living in a simulation?" where I explore the scientific feasibility of simulating reality: ua-cam.com/video/NcvuZTJFXig/v-deo.html
I so love this channell ♥.
Perfect video but may you tell me where I could find exact information about mathematics of LQG and even better of LQC(Loop quantum cosmology)
Well explained. This theory seems reasonable for theory of everything.
Great job. That is what I was looking for. Congratulations
Thank you Mr Ash. Very interesting.
Truly fascinating, and seems a very elegant hypothesis which appeals to my software engineer brain.
Does LQG make any predictions of the future of our universe? If it was born from a previously contracting universe, it’s tempting to speculate it might be cyclical, but that seems to contradict the belief our universe will end by tearing itself apart
Yes, it is tempting. Unfortunately, LQG does not have anything to say about the future. There is no indication that the universe is cyclical. Current cosmology models, in fact, indicate that the universe will expand forever.
@@ArvinAsh Thankyou
Thank you for the amazing video! Does this mean that the “prior” universe had no dark energy causing it to expand?
LQG really doesn't say anything about nature of the prior universe. It it had similar properties as ours, then it is possible that Gravity was stronger than dark energy - and so was able to overcome the expansion force of dark energy.
@@ArvinAsh That's the weakness of this theory, it doesn't match current observations of the nature of the universe expansion, sadly.