The Sea-Kingdom: Dál Riata & The Birth of Scotland
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- Опубліковано 2 жов 2024
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A new power emerged in the wild north of Britain after the Roman withdrawal in the Fifth Century AD. It’s name was Dál Riata and it occupied the many islands and archipelagos on both sides of the wild sea between Ireland and Scotland. For a time during the late Sixth and early Seventh Centuries this sea kingdom prospered under the rule of it’s king, Áedán mac Gabráin, who sent his war fleets and trading vessels far and wide throughout the waterways of Northern Britain. Eventually over the centuries the Gaelic inhabitants of Dál Riata merged to a certain extent with the neighbouring Picts to eventually develop into the Kingdom of Scotland...
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History Tim
You didn't mention Carbery Riada, son of the High King of Ireland, Conary II, from what is now Cork, who started the colony in Scotland which eventually became Dal Riada. This is kind of important in the story. Famine drove him and his followers out of the south and into Ulster before they moved on to the east coast of Scotland. No doubt there was much traffic between the two regions before he arrived in Scotland but the kingdom was named after him, so he and his descendants clearly made significant inroads. It is ironic that those who returned to Ulster during the plantations whose descendants now identify as Ulster Scots, actually had Munster DNA and coud as easily be described as Munster Scots. This might not go down well in parts of Belfast, it has to be said. There's Riada DNA in the British Royal family too apparently. Imagine that.
Link: www.libraryireland.com/SocialHistoryAncientIreland/I-III-2.php
"The authentic history of these expeditions and settlements begins in the early part of the third century, during the reign of Conari II. (A.D. 212-220). This king had three sons, Carbery Musc, Carbery Baskin, and Carbery Riada, At this time a great famine devastated Munster; and Carbery Riada led a number of his Munster people to Ulster and to the south-west of Scotland, in both which places they settled down permanently.
These Irish narratives are confirmed by the Venerable Bede in his Ecclesiastical History, where he says; "In course of time, besides the Britons and Picts, Britain received a third nation, the Scots, who, migrating from Ireland under their leader Reuda, obtained for themselves, either by friendly agreement or by force of arms, those settlements among the Picts which they still hold. From the name of their commander they are to this day called Dalreudini: for in their tongue The Dalreudini of Bede is the Dalriada of Irish history.
These primitive settlers increased and multiplied and supported from time to time by contingents from the mother country, they held their ground against the Picts. But the settlement was weak and struggling till the reign of Lewy, king of Ireland (A.D. 483 to 512), about three centuries after the time of Carbery Riada. In the year 503 three brothers named Fergus, Angus, and Lorne, sons of a chief named Erc, a direct descendant of Carbery Riada, led a colony to Scotland from their own district in the Irish Dalriada (in the present Co. Antrim: see map): descendants of the Munster settlers of three centuries before. They appear to have met with little or no opposition, and being joined by the previous settlers, they took possession of a large territory, of which Fergus, commonly called Fergus mac Erc, and also known as Fergus More (the Great), was the first king. The descendants of these colonists ultimately mastered the whole country; and from them its name was changed from Alban to Scotia or Scotland. Fergus was the ancestor of the subsequent kings of Scotland; and from him, in one of their lines of genealogy, descend, through the Stuarts, our present royal family."
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@@bogbay ..Brilliant,no forced colonisation,no land clearances,no compulsory reeducation..just Columba n his few followers,who slept on beds of stone...i have ne ver read the works of "venerable Bede",or if its possible to find a copy(uncensured) today
@@bogbay the scots never came from ireland. irish mythical writings....not scottish.
I became fascinated by these Dark Age kingdoms at school. Our text books dismissed them as minor players of little consequence, lumped together as failed states due to their short lifespan. Yet even the shortest lived managed 200 years - longer than modern Germany and Italy - while others managed 500 years - twice that of America.
Text book history jumped from the Romans to the Saxons, to the Danes and then the Normans. Dal Riata, Rheged, Elmet, Dumonia, Hwicce, Strathclyde, Bernica, Goddodin all disappeared, Gwynedd, Powys, Northumberland and Merica only made it to the mix because of their links to Alfred and the Later Normans.
Of our recorded history in Britain (52BC - 2020) fully one quarter is taken up by the distillation of these Kingdoms (410 - 1135 in Scotland - 1413 in Wales) a longer period than Rome (43 - 410) or the Normans (1066 - 1485) Yet we skip over them in less than paragraph at school.
Your rightbbut also is cause they just didn’t do as much fighting with each other over land that isn’t that big
It’s because they didn’t really write things down much. The Roman wrote a ton. The Saxons wrote a bit. Past Alfred the Great they wrote a lot as well, the Danes were written about by the Saxons, and the Normans also wrote a lot. These small kingdoms of the Dark Ages barely wrote anything down. Even if school wanted to teach you about these places, they really couldn’t tell you much.
Your knowledge is stunning. Yeah they do t teach enough in school about this stuff at all in school.
@davidrendall7195
But, but, what did the Dal Riatians do for us. 😶
@@wjf0ne Bought peace!
Ah my favourite Seamen based society ;)
My Ancestors were the greatest
unlike hollywood...
I can see Scotland from my house in Ireland right now. 12 mikes away.
Found out I'm a descendant of some of these people. Never heard of them until just about 20 minutes ago lol.
If you're interested about how I found out, check out www.familysearch.org
Most amazing family tree capabilities I've ever seen. Direct descendant of Rollo, William the Conqueror, Henry I, Henry II, William longespe, sigurd snake in the eye, even Ragnar if he existed. Also king aelfred, eckbert, etc. Pretty amazing. All on my great grandmother's side through my mom.
Islay is pronounced AYE-luh, but in Gaelic it's Ìle (ee-luh)
Aye I heard that miss-pronunciation too
Gaelic mispronounced .
Not gay lic but gah lic
I'm addicted to your videos:) captivating history lessons. Been a historian since I was a child, when my father handed that baton off to me. So thank you, I love history the way sharks love blood.
Michael Marleau thanks! you are in good company then
History Time I haven't had the time to go through all your videos yet, definitely working on it. Apologies if you have covered these following topics, but I want to ask: ever covered or heard of the Roman emperor Maximus Thrax? Ever done the Battle of Myeongnyang, on October 26, 1597? The battle of Cunaxa 401 bc? Battle of Anchialus 917 AD, Byzantine army is crippled by the Bulgarian Simeon the Great? 1244 the last Cathar stronghold falls, during a (technically) Christian against Christian crusade? Last question, sorry...lol...what about Antiochus III, and the battle of Panun (which reshaped the entire future history of the Middle East, and effected it religions), in 198 bc?
If you'd done content on any of these please tell me...if even one of these is new to you; I think you'll enjoy them; since I'm in good company:)
Absolutely brilliant suggestions!!! I've got some reading to do! :)
History Time hell yeah! If you make it through those, send me another message here. Even if you don't make a video on them, I'd love to hear your take on some of those. I won't insult your intelligence, I completely believe that you'll see the same significance in all those suggestions that I have. Lemme know what you think of those, if you want, they each changed history all together. (in my humble opinion)
I need another 1200 years to get through all the reading I need to, but hey...learn like you'll live forever, and live like you'll die tomorrow, right?
Me too there’s so much to know
FUN FACT: Saint Columba fled to Dalriada because he had taken books from an Irish monastery without permission which triggered the first recorded copyright lawsuit, a small war (The Battle of Cul Dreimhne i 655 AD), and his forced expulsion from Ireland.
Indeed, though I heard it was more that he swore never to come back until he had saved 3,000 people, to atone for the 3,000 he had killed.
@timber beast..well yes,but Columba had asked permission to copy the Gospels,according to his personal Biographer,..the Great Saint,was going blind at this stage,abd the fact that he mabaged to finish it,was an achievement in itself
@William Dryden columba never existed. his story was copied from an earlier one from another country.
Watching your videos is really helping me through a tough time in my life, thank you. You are very talented.
I love these maps that you share with us. Being the old borders and the originating names, I finally can make sense of where each named place was located. Having for years read and studied, it finally comes together with what you have put online! Know that you change the lives of those of us that work at learning. And know that you touch those of us that search for our roots. I thank you. God bless the Great State of Texas. And bless those across the seas that look to history, in order to learn it's lessons.
In Irish Gaelic it is Dal Riada, pronounced Dal Ree-ada
Also Áedán, probable that the d is lenited thus it's more Iain than Aiden.
Same with Aed.
Difficult if you don't speak Irish, old Irish and have only ever read the words.
'Gaelic' is a foreign word that was not a real term used before the 16th century, and the Hiberni were not called Irish until after 1542, that had that name put on them by Pope Leo X, including the Scotti settlers in Ulster and the Anglo settlers in the South.
Dál Riata was also a Scottish maritime kingdom, not a Hiberni (Irish) kingdom, at that time Scotland and Ulster were considered generally Scottish and the border between the Scotti and the Hiberni (Irish) is believed to be Black Pigs Dyke in the same way that Hadrian's Wall was the general border between the kingdoms of Scotland and England in the British land.
it was comprised vastly more of Scottish land than Ulster land, Antrim was the only part of it that was not of Scottish mainland, though it still only made up 5% of Scottish land overall before it was subsumed by the vastly much larger more powerful Kingdom of Alba (the ancient name of Scotland) which etymologically relates to the island of Great Britain's oldest and most ancient name - Albion.
The correct names in the actual languages themselves were Albannach for Scottish.
And Eirennach for Irish.
@James Furey The US is a slave to Israel which was set up by Scotsman after WWII, the UK is a Scottish created framework which was drawn up earlier than 1603 when the Scottish crown took over the English throne and its Papal possession Ireland, and became active in development of this frame work between then and 1707 when eventually the political identities were aligned. The Commonwealth is the British empire in a decentralised state, the UK is a nuclear power, with Trident - which has several times more destructive power than the Hiroshima bomb ever did, enough to wipe out every other major power several times over in the world and holds a global position that only 5 countries on earth have including India, China and Russia, and they are stored within Scotland.
The US owes its special relationship to the UK through the 'Treaty of Ghent' and is beholden to it.
Most Scots have never in their life worn a kilt and most likely never will, it's a Walter Scott invention and was never historically a Scottish thing like the Bagpipes and tartan etc, kilts are an English garment actually - invented by Thomas Rawlinson, while the actual traditional garment was not a waste wrap garment but a garment designed for outdoor wear that could double as camping equipment (hence where the Sporan part came from) and was worn more as a long elaborate overcoat cloak. The English version is just a waste-wrap garment that is designed more for indoor wear and the Yankee version is the least like the Scottish original, the American Yankee version is literally just a beige coloured skirt with side pockets, and only Yankee foreigners from America wear them, so Yanks literally wear skirts, English version is a waist wrap and the Scottish original is worn as a smart long overcoat cloak.
Scotland modernised the world via the Scottish enlightenment, so much so, that the Yankee historian - Arthur Herman said that "the modern world is viewed through Scottish eyes".
Scotsman Adam Smith, author of 'The Wealth of Nations' (1776) put codified capitalism on the map and highlighted human praxeology in relation, which the Yankees used as the blueprint for the American economy.
So you are completely wrong, and have henceforth been corrected, your superiors have spoken. Now, away and greet Yankee colonial slave in your beige Utilikilt while you pretend to be what you are not (like most Yanks) and pretend that you are some significance here, you really don't understand power structure and how the global powers truly operate, you've got a lot to learn Yankee Doodle.
@James Furey if you aren’t aware that we are (our government that is) Israeli puppets, you are the one with no credibility. Open your eyes. Just look at names of our most powerful then dig into their connections, then take a look at all they do. We are slaves of Israel. All the evidence is out in the open. Israel brags about it in their newspapers as well
Your serie is superinteresting and I always see it. The only thing is, that there is so much information so quickly told. It is very hard to absorbe it all. But congratulation - it is a good work.
Thanks so much, History Time. This is incredibly interesting. Absolutely enthralled! Subscribed :) ♥
That was so absolutely fantastic. Thank you so much! My roots are with the DalriadanTribe. Thank you for putting more pieces together for me!
As are mine luv
Hellooo cousins ❤️
Reminds me to reread the brilliant book "The Makers of Scotland: Picts, Romans, Gaels, and Vikings" by Tim Clarkson. An insightful work that makes it quite clear that Scotland was the real Game of Thrones.
I watched an interview where he said he got a lot of inspiration for his books from the scottish and English monarch history, I can't remember what is was called though but yeah super interesting.
1:10 Northumbria stronk
Not as strong as Mercia ;)
History With Hilbert
Picts barbarian stronk!
@History With Hilbert Penda would like to know your location
@@HistoryTime wasn't strong for long the Viking smashed how to hand fighting we won all the time as the gaels
Overtaking Fortriu makes a ton of sense when you look at the Clan Ross lands (Wester Ross to Easter Ross). That stretch to Balnagown Castle never really added up until you mentioned that. Thank you.
Good video. One little point, the island of Islay is pronounced Eye-lah, not Eye-lay.
I would be interested in a video on the earlier history of the maritime kingdom of Dal Riata. You list its capital as Kilmartin, on the Scottish mainland, but the people are often (wrongly?) described as Irish, rather than just as Irish speaking. The problem is that they just appear in British history when your video starts. Some conjecture an "invasion" from Ireland at some point but as I understand it the archaeology suggests longer or more substantial roots on the Scottish side? But where and when did they arrive? Was it 1000+ years before, from Galicia, with the other proto-Irish speaking tribes? Or what? I wonder what Irish records may have to say.
Not to mention all the other Gaelic names being mispronounced. But it's cool
History is beautiful
Excellent presentation... thanks. But this is a huge amount of information, and a huge quantity of Gaelic-based words, coming at us quite quickly. WHEW ! Were it not for the text-shown-on-screen, one could never keep up with the narration. Nonetheless, I want to go through all your videos. Thanks for the work you have invested. (My ancestors came from Aberdeenshire and from the Isle of Mull, which occasions my interest in this corner of history.)
Very interesting information! I found your channel from FB. Keep up the good work!
The Christianity then was still gnostic or pagan. Literal christianity did not happen in Scotland until the 11th/12th century. The cross with the circle is a shorthand for the Sun's passage through the ecliptic giving us the four seasons. History has tried to confuse us about that fact. The Celtic church was at war with the literal Roman Church.
Interesting. Very cool stuff! As a Gael from Ulaidh myself, you did butcher a few pronunciations, but I'll get over it! Hahah, great video
Please more about the Picts!
It was the vikings who split the link between the Irish and the Scottish Dalriada.
I often wonder how Scotch/Irish history would have turned out if this never happened.
It was actually king James who split the link
The Irish ruled the Western isles and that's why Gallic is a dialect of Irish... Not the other way around.
It's pronounced Dal Reeeada, btw.
I think you mean that Gaedlig is a dialect of Gaeilge. That is fairly true, but I would be more inclined to think that both grew out of Old Irish.
Enjoyed the video very much! By any chance, have you done a video about the Dal nAraidi? If not, any plans in doing so? Cheers!
Thank you SOOH much for your extremely professional and hugely informative posts....
you sound like a young guy.... you’re very talented and a great educator....please keep posting... I’ve subbed.... 😀👍🏻💋
Thank's so much! Sooooo much more history to cover! I will not stop posting !
Hello, extremely intelligent quotes,?, No offence to him personally, but the narration was way off , he said the Kingdom was coalition of Gaelic tribes, the Gaelic Kingdom of Dal riada started in Ulster, Gaelic is an Irish language, culture, and ethnicity, that was his first error, also he pronounced every Gaelic word completely wrong, so much so that he made me cringe,! I understand Gaelic is extremely difficult for non speakers to pronounce words, but he should have got information and teaching on how to speak them at least somewhat coherent, he made no effort at all , so how could that be educational?, I am not having a rant at you personally my dear lady, it's just we Irish cringe when foreigners try to say Irish words, and it sounds like a car wreck, aghhhh, also his account of the war with the British king, was not untill much later, when backstabbers of Dalriada sided with British king to remove king of Dal riada because of jealousy, the Dalriada were not defeated by the British and the renegade Dal riada, but it ended up with peace treaty to appease this renegade traitor for the sake of civillians , also the Gaelic culture spread to the Highlands later, he never mentioned that, that's why Highlanders were called immigrants of Irish decent, up until the 1700 s, we Gaels brought Gaelic culture to Scotland, which includes Language, culture, surnames , ie Mac, = son of. And O`,= male decendancy, Ni` ,= female decendancy, and hundreds more , also Kilts , bagpipes,Harps, song and dance, oh and whiskey, but he never mentioned this also, there seems to be a white wash of Scottish History when it comes to any Irish influence, it's either relegated to obscurity or made to encompass a broader geographic area, it's so amusing and annoying at the same time, we Irish are very proud of our ethnicity and culture and when it's not portrayed in correct informative narration, it says a lot, it border's on racism. slainte, agus NA H eireann agus Alba go deo,/ Gu Braugh agam.
@John Kelly..ah John,i feel today that throughout history you will find that convenient alliances of royal families,was the only way?..later King Ossry of Northumbria was about to make Gaelic the official language, but for his wife,lol
Mary Queen of Scots,was for a time Queen or France,n territories..For this alliance,even tooday Scottish people can have dual nationality?..,and possibly have Irish passports too,..but maybe today,that law no longer applies?...so welcome to the e.u Scotland
Found kenneth McAlpine is likely my paternal grandfather. Wild shit
Things move on all the time within history and archaeology. The map that appears c 0:25 on this video is now obsolete as far as the Pictish kingdoms are concerned. There are very good reasons to believe that the powerful kingdom of Fortriu occupied the area around the Moray Firth given the name Fidach on the map in the video. I can give references if required. The location of Fidach isn't known.
Wonderful! Thank you 😊
Wonderful, my thanks History Time.
Best Wishes
Siol Alpin
By far my favorite History channel on UA-cam. Love ancient history, more ancient the better. Of course Romans never get old.
How about Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors. Not just the ones in Americas but Asia too would be interesting and hardly ever taught by anyone.
Again, great channel.
Thanks mate. series on the conquistadors on the way actually :)
Send this to ibrox in Glasgow and show all the rangers fans that they’re basically irish 😂😂😂
Lowlands are bernician
Yeah and they'll through all the Angles they reckon they're descendant from at you
Like a number of Scots they will have British, Viking, Anglo Saxon , Scotii and perhaps Pictish ancestors. Not all people who identify as Scottish are derived from the Scotii tribe.
@@robertsingleton7694, I think you can tell that by the Surnames!
@@robertsingleton7694my dna says I’m Norwegian Irish Scots and the big surprise, 7% Italian! I’m from Scotland
Didn't know anything about this until now, so glad I found this clip.
Can anyone recommend me good books on Dal Riata?
Studies in the History of Dalriada by John Bannerman. Dunadd, An Early Dalriadic Capital by Ewen Campbell and Alan Lane.
Wonderful stuff
Very informative and attractive visual representation. Loved the score especially the ending one.....any idea which one is it?
Fun fact: Columba was convicted of stealing copies of religious texts (psalters) that he had copied from Saint Finnian. The result was a bloody little little war called The Battle of the Book (battle of Cúl Dreimhne) in ~560 AD. Columba fled to Iona to escape punishment.
It is widely claimed as one one of the earliest cases of copyright infringement ever recorded, and is still told in some law colleges in Ireland today.
Colm Cille (Columba in Latin )was staying with St Finnian in his Monastery and decided to copy one of his books, when Finnian found out he was furious and the demanded the copy be given to him, Colm cille refused and the case was brought before the local Breitheamh( arbitrator or judge).
The judgement he came to was " to every cow its calf so to every book its copy" ultimately finding that Colm cilllle had acted wrongly in copying it without consent and so must give the copy to st Finnian or destroy it.
Colm cille refused to abide by the decision and received military backing from his Ui Neil family connections but would eventually lose the conflict and was thereby banished to convert the tribes of Alba to the Christian faith.
St. Columba was an O'Neill, of Royal Blood he was responsible for that battle which resulted in so many deaths, he had to appear in front of his superiors to answer for this, this is why he became St. Columba and to make amends for this battle he was sent to Scotland as a missionary, to Iona, which is revered in Scotland today.
A bit of family history. Thankyou.
Your welcome Scotland 😏
Welcome for what? Scotland is far older than Ireland is and even older than England by at least 84 years as a kingdom. Scotland also has the oldest continually used national flag in the world - which predates Denmark's by nearly half a millenium.
England was 7 different kingdoms at one time partially ruled by the Danish Danelaw from the Vikings.
And Ireland was a conquered colonised mess up until 1542, Ireland got dealt the worst hand in these Isles as far as the birth of these nations, so much for the 'luck of the Irish', but it all started with the Hiberni - Dermod MacMurrough - king of Leinster asking for Henry II of England's help in re-taking back his kingdom from the other rival Hiberni kingdoms, this was what eventually resulted in the Laudabiliter being arranged between Pope Adrian IV and Henry II, which led to what is now Ireland for most of its recorded history being a part of the Kingdom of England.
I wonder if the peope of Fib were reknowned for deceit which is where we get the slang fibbing from...
Super discovery-Much gratitude:)
It's a shame mores peoples didn't leave written records
I'd be interested in more info regarding these Gaelic longships. Didn't know they existed.
Composed of, or comprising, not comprised of. Comprise approximately means include.
awesome job on this one
Thanks mate!
Here comes, the mighty Scots, with long spears, ready to stand against all odds.
❤
its pronounced Dal REEEada
I understood that the MacDonald and MacDougall clans were FM this area. Is that the case?
Brilliant video but could you look up the pronunciations. There's plenty of sites that spell them phonetically
Visited Dunadd last week!
l enjoyed your video, but you seem to subscribe to the new revisionist theory of the Scots co evolving on both sides in all of Ireland and part of Argyll through a sea trade network. l think this idea is not quite accurate and is based in Scottish nationalism rather then fact. Dal riata and the Scots where probably from Ireland, and expanded into northern Britain or maybe you think its uncertain so didn't mention it, but if you look at the evidence its very likely that the origins of the Scots is in Ireland. In history all we have to go on are likely-hoods.
Even dal raitas origin tales are all from Ireland. Some may question Fergus mor but there exists a core truth underneath the Fergus father figure stories. You don't simply create a origin myth for your country without it being based in truth in order for it to have any force the core element must be true that reflects a reality among the population .
References to the sons of Erc and Fergus mor tradition which demonstrate that it is one of great antiquity, and is not simply the product of 10th century pseudo historians.can be found in a reference to Erc in the context of Scotland in the Tiugraind Bhécáin ,a poem about Columb Cille which, while only existing as a 16th century copy today, but can be solidly dated on linguistic grounds to the 7th century .
there are several much earlier, if rather more laconic references to fergus mor and the sons of erk tradition in early texts of possibly the 6th and 7th centuries in the annals of ulster ,book of Armagh & Tripartite Life of St Patrick. Irish origin tales of Scotland are very old and is not simply the product of 10th century pseudo historians as Campbell claimed.
www.academia.edu/8562239/And_they_won_land_among_the_Picts_by_friendly_treaty_and_the_sword
Gaelic or old Irish evolved from q Celtic, which didn't exist in Britain if the roman maps are anything to go by. So how did q Celtic get to Scotland if not from Ireland ?
Old Irish didn't exist until all the various archaic endings were dropped some time in 60BC - 0AD The only real difference arguably between Irish Celtic and brythonic Celtic before this era was the lack of a Q to P shift, which had effected all of Britain and Gaul. but not Ireland due to isolation after 650BC during this period no shift occurred which is clear from the lack of Hallstatt D and early La Tene phases in Ireland. Ireland was in a dark age archaeological lock down of sorts, Iberia was also isolated and as such did not experience the shift either .
It is clear all of northern Britain was P Celtic, which explains Ptolemy map of Scotland why he mapped it as P Celtic and any attempts to argue otherwise are unconvincing. All of Britain was p Celtic dominated and Ireland was q Celtic dominated. Though the difference between Q Celtic Ireland and p Celtic Britain is rather insignificant compared to the Irish & British isles differences with the mainland continent.
So the connection between Ireland and Argyle only originated then 100AD in the way of an Irish migration or it was very persistent in order for a co evolution. It's a nice theory but the problem is there's no resemblance in the archaeological record between Ireland and Argyle c. 700BC-200AD so such a connection could only have originated in 300 AD.
It therefore seems absurd to suggest that Q-Celtic Gaelic world just so happened to consist of Ireland and Argyle when the two seem to be very divergent at this time.There simply was no strong connection in the archaeological record for both places to develop a q Celtic culture simultaneously.
Originally Scot or scoti meant Irish this is very clear from roman documents who say the scots are from ireland or hibernia. Scot was used to mean Irishman up until the 13th century hence the Irish scientist John Scotus Eriugena meaning john the Irishman born in Ireland.
Bede 672 AD- 735 AD also claims the Scots came from Ireland and migrated into Pictland. Bede puts the founding father figure of dal raidia as the irishman Rueda this is probably taken from local Irish myth, while l do not think Rueda was real l do think he is based in truth. It would seem more than a coincidence that the same origin tale would be retold in slightly different variations. Cairbre Riada son of Conaire Mor -148AD -in irish sources is seen as the founder of irish Dal Riada. Cairpre Riada is seen as the originator of Dal Riada in Ireland while Fergus Mor is simply seen as the first over-king of Dal Riata to move to Scotland.
Bede probably got confused and thought the story of the founding of Dal Riata under Cairpre Riada or Reuda was the same thing as the settling of Scotland.
Many dal terms are also known in Ireland but not Scotland such as dal faitch cousins to dal raita. l think dal raita evolved from the Irish tribe mapped by Ptolemy called Robogdii, which if it was a corruption of Redodii would be linguistically tied to Riada indicating the Dal Reti, or the Dal Riata. perhaps its not a mere coincidence that Robogdii are mapped close by where dal riata would later emerge.
Gaidhlig culture probably arrived in Scotland from Ireland through a small war band of Irish raiders , When might this Migration have happened? probably 200AD-300AD but finding definite archaeological Evidence would be difficult due to the fact that the Scottish part of Dalriada would appear to be an interface kingdom between Ireland, the Picts, Britons and Angles and therefore its not surprising that it has an insular eclectic material alot of insular culture is similar in archaeology after all be it Irish or British .
Also a small Irish war-band would not leave much evidence to begin with and the evidence would be swamped by native material and further confusion would occur when you have those who adopted things and through counter stream migration brought them back to their home country in Ireland. Lack of evidence does not evidence make. Evidence of absence. Just as an example when the qing dynasty invaded Joseon they didn't tear down their temples from the previous lot did they ? the stuff was re-purposed .
As for the silly idea that the spine of alban was a natural border between the rest of Britain, trade links clearly show this to not be the case but id like to add to this, Lochaber which is located in argyll and behind Druim Alban is a Brythonic place-name Aber and so is Applecross peninsular off near the isle of skye. St columba clearly states he needed translators while there even before crossing the spine. Scotland is riddled with brytonic place names even arguably the scottish half of dal raita has some of them. So the idea of Druim Alban as some dividing factor in northern britian Doesn't hold up. The idea I believe ultimately stems from James Macpherson.
We have all early sources with the Romans saying the scots are from ireland and that they were raiding britian, we have a core ancient origin story for dal raita in all versions stating they originated in ireland, q celtic never existed in Scotland while Ireland was all q celtic There's nothing unreasonable about a elite Irish war band going from Antrim to argyle and setting up a kingdom probably originally raiders which than kept close tie with the homeland back in Ireland .
The only real argument against this is negative evidence by Campbell, which he mostly fabricated and its mostly been debunked at this point .
For example Campbell claimed no “irish” ring forts have been found in Scotland so there cannot have been migration
from Ireland to Scotland but this is nonsense. Ring forts in Ireland date within the period 540 AD to 884 AD so they could not have been part of a migration to Argyle
from Antrum as the migration has been said to take place long before Irish ring forts were established in the North east of Ireland......
He also said crannogs in scotland pre-date the ones in ireland therefore this proves some type of Gaelic culture in Scotland in the Mists of time. Campbell claims Irish crannogs date from the iron age around 600AD! when in reality they have been dated to the bronze age around 1,200BC and some have suggest they date back to the Mesolithic in Ireland, but very few have been excavated to modern archaeological standards. It's utterly silly to suggest crannogs have anything to do with the scots they even predate celts so obviously they were jut reused by a variety of people .
All in all l think the Irish origins of Scotland are the most likely the correct theory, but history can be pretty complicated and trying to simplify it can be problematic for some.
As for archaeological evidence l feel its being downplayed by those with an agenda, there is a archaeological connection between Ireland and Scotland in the 4th century AD when the Scots are suppose to have migrated from Ireland to Scotland all be it hidden, which is to be expected.
Perhaps the distribution of irish looking spear-butts found in scotland and ireland by Richard B Warner in the 4th century AD is that evidence of the Scots migrating from Ireland to Northern Britain who knows, but the point is l think it is foolish to completely dismiss the traditional accepted theory completely based on inaccurate negative evidence which goes against mountains of positive evidence.
Actually I'm with you and think its most likely that Dal Riata began life in Ireland, or at least the ruling class did, and exported themselves across the sea into modern day Scotland. I'll be revisiting Dal Riata in at least two more videos so I'll make my views a bit clearer in those ones. Got quite a lengthy video on Columba on the way and several more on early medieval Irish history.
St Malky I found your post and link very informative. Thank you.
Sorry but no, you are a narrow minded revisionist
Not malky
@@HistoryTime where do you think the Gaelic language came from, Mac and O' surnames, all Gaelic, Mac meaning son of, O' pronounced ah meaning male decendancy, Ni` meaning female decendancy , all these names along with other Irish surnames are numerous in Scotland, also the invasion by the Scotai , a tribe of west Ulster braught with them Gaelic culture, song ,dance, the pipes which were braught to Ireland 600 years earlier by invading Galician tribes, kilts and whiskey were not native to Scotland, pre invasion by the Irish. That's what we were educated with in Ireland, and it looks like genetics, DNA similarities between Iberians, Irish And Scots are the closest group in all of Europe, I am surprised you didn't research these facts before you made your video on the Dal Riada, pronounced Dal re a da, good videos anyway pal, slainte, Na H eireann agus NA Alba go deo, /gu Braugh,
Thank you for this very powerful depiction our ancestors who were there since time inmemorial. We honour our ancestors and will raise their names and legacies left for us.
Just realized this is like the 20th video I've watch today, should probably just sub already
pretty amazing. thank yew
Oakay.
@@keeganowens8949 harharhar. right on.
i must click the dislike because i find this video hard to follow as someone who doesn t know very well the history and wanths to learn something out of passion.Your presentation seems in a hurry and doesn t give time to the viewer to watch the map as you talk,nor you highlight the areas refered to as you talk.
And also you can put up the sources you had.The voice i think is a bit altered by a computer program and i much prefer a natural,warm voice also because i m not a native English speaker.
@James Furey yes, I am romanian.
Wish there were more movies or TV series about this period
You and me both mate! Thanks for stopping by
I believe you may be interested in a TV series called , the last kingdom
Simone Sallad I really enjoyed this show!! The books are one of my favorites too
Simone Sallad yeah i agree the last kingdom is pretty great.If your a nerd like me the budget of the show can make you disappointed by it's small inaccuracy's.
Islay is just Eye-lah btw. Not Eye-lay.
Gee I wonder how they got de populated 🤔
Slow down.
Well done on the research and presentation of the videos on your channel, liked and subscribed. Also a tip of the hat for the solid effort of your Gaelic pronunciation, not bad at all for an englishman.
thanks again!
ThankU for sharing and posting.
cut to the chase. you English got pushed back and defeated . but we still love you
The rule that always works in all relationships throughout the ages. In this short video we consider a story that happened in a very interesting time - in times of the Virgin Queen Elizabeth I, whose exceptional reign has been called The Golden Age of England: ua-cam.com/video/VgD-o6GMv90/v-deo.html
Dal Riada pronounced Dal Ree-ah-dah Gabráin pronounced Gah-Braw-in
I'm going to be visiting Argyll soon. I'll be visiting Dunadd. It's one of my favourite places and I will be shooting a number of videos. Keep your eyes peeled.
I love the imagery your a damn good editor the dalriada story is a good one
Aedan Mc Gabhran had a son called Arthur - according to Adamnan.
He is the real arthur
A few things,
Call it Orkney not the Orkneys
And it's pronounced as "ga-lik" not "gai-lik"
This is a great channel and I hope it goes far!
Thanks for dropping by my friend! And thanks for the corrections!
History Time No problem (I came here from the Caithness Broch Project btw)
Robot Turtle considering Dál Riata were Irish his pronunciation was fine.
Yeah, it's usually difficult for people to pronounce words from foreign languages, so much so that most people make *tons* of pronunciation mistakes they don't even realize are mistakes when discussing historical topics. Besides, Gaelic is commonly pronounced as "gay-lik" in English to prevent confusion with the contemporary Gallic peoples, who are pronounced "gah-lik".
Its only pronounced Ga-lik in Scotland due to regional variation and the influence of the Danes.
The Scots really should say Gaelic to be grammatically correct.
There is less difference between True Gaelic and the Scottish dialect than there is between English and American English, it is just less recognisable because of lack of communication between the two back then.
The loss of true P-celtic culture and its replacement with Irish is one if the greatest tragedies in ancient British history, although it still survives in place names like Aberdeen.
This was really interesting, thanks a lot
Fascinating Stuff...thanks to the producers for creating this compelling program from a Son of Argyll (Randal Grant, born Patrick MacDougall)
Degsastan? Sounds like it would be in Central Asia.
Trying to take over Pictland as them on Crusader Kings 2.
WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN ALL MY LIFE!
You should do a video on the decline of Gaelic Scotland. It's an interesting topic to read about.
Outside of the islands, Hebrides and sparsely populated Highlands very few modern day Scots had the 'Irish' dna type of the Dal Riata. (Until the huge numbers of immigration from Ireland in the 19th century to places like Glasgow.)
You could culminate it with the Highland clearances and explain how Scotland, years after banning all things related to Gaelic culture, adopted some of these same things as part of the nations heritage.
"Outside of the islands, Hebrides and sparsely populated Highlands very few modern day Scots had the 'Irish' dna type of the Dal Riata" There is no real way to determine if that's true.
Actually Dna testing has said other wise a study has already been conducted if the British isles west of Scotland and highland do share a lot of Dna with the Irish. My own father born and raised on the isle of sky. His ancestry test was 72% Irish 12% Norwegian 2% Sweden and Denmark and the rest Scottish
@@siofra3819 the tale of the irish colonizing scotland is a myth created by medieval irish monks to give ireland an identity. if you want to go by dna then type .....the dna of the irish gael irish origenes...
@@brucecollins4729more like your in denial that your actual irish and we created Scotland witch literally comes from a word to describe Irish raider
@@swaythegod5812 maybe you should do a wee bit research......
The map that is shown might be wrong as Carlisle was part of Scotland at this time as was Cumbria.
“0f which the Book of Kells is an example of”. Drop the second redundant “of”.
Wait, Scotland was borne as a coalition of states to defend against the Vikings? Did I get that right?
The fact this channel has WAY less subscribers than the crap youtubers going on in my country is unaceptable.
*fewer
The Kingdom of Alba was formed in 843, not 900.
If the Irish were aggressive imperialists they could reasonably argue an historic claim to the territory of Scotland - the land was even named after the Irish!
Ireland in the 1st century was called Scotia by the Romans IE Scotland and the people of Scotia were called Scotii IE Scots how the Irish like to hijack history. Later the Romans in the 2nd century adopted Hibernia and the Scotia moved to Caledonia Ie Scotland but to say Ireland has any rights is ludicrous as Ireland was called Scotland (translation) long before it was called Ireland look up encyclopedia Britannica under SCOT in England we don't play with the facts to suit a purpose 👍
macca 1874 a wish somebody would tell me the origins of the gaels in ireland. you seem certain that they entered scotland from ireland but nobody can tell me the history of the so called gaels in ireland. from years research all i get is mythical made up writings by irish monks. so if you could explain.
@@brucecollins4729
The origins of the Q-Celtic Gaeilge language lay in Ireland.
@@ULYSSES-31 from where .how and when did it get to ireland
@@brucecollins4729 It evolved from other European languages. There was a divergence in the Celtic languages that arrived in Ireland from Europe due to migration and trade over 2000 years ago. The Goidelic strain evolved in Ireland. The Bythonic in Britain.
Primitive Irish exists on Ogham stones - the vast majority of these stones exist in Musnter.
In the Middle -Ages, a variant of Irish Gaeilge became the dominant language in Scotland.
Ich mochte es
👍
Is toil leam na mapaichean.
I like (with me) the maps.
Awesome video. I study surnames and British history as a hobby. I have been thinking about bridei mac bili for some time but to no avail have come up with possible surnames for his descendants or if he has none his patriarchal decendants of a different branch. Anyone have any clues ? If so please reply
The Picts were matrilineal.
Aye
Ahhh, you just made all that up. Pbpbpbpb!
My personal ancestry
Aedan didn't grant Columcille (Coumba) Iona. That would be his predecessor, Conall mac Comgaill who did that.
southlander 1000 columba of iona is a made up tale copied from an earlier spanish/french one. almost word for word.
@@brucecollins4729 Hahahaha! That's funny!
@@Southlander1000 look up....st columba of sens...she was born of noble birth, he was born of noble birth...she fled spain to france due to troubles in spain,he fled from ireland to iona because of troubles in ireland. ....she had magical powers,he had magical powers...she fled with 15 followers .he fled with 12...her relics are said to be buried under a church, he could not build his church on iona unless a live person was buried beneath it. both their bodies have never been found. most likely medieval irish monks adapted this tale to iona. there is nothing on iona to suggest the st columbas presence. it,s a fairy tale. go research both.
Can you do the history of Spanish👍
Movses Khorenatsi- VHNDUR- BULGAR= Highlander IYI
So with Gaelic ethnonyms and
place-names like "Dal-Riada" and "Alba"...
exactly how and when did the Irish Dal-Riadans
(along with the Pictish tribes) apparently disregard
their former names and accept, assume and apply
the Latin-based term "Scotti" / Scots for themselves
as a collective term & identity??
Put another way...
strange how the Latin toponym "Caledonia"
did not remain as the permanent name for the land of
North Britain... but the other Latin term, "Scotti",
did for the people.
Hmmmmm???
I think that the term Scotti was used by the Romans to describe the Irish, but I could be completely wrong.
@@edwardbrady5843
The more I think on it...
with the spread of both Christianity
as well as the use & spread of Latin
that the Irish and Scottish monks used
to write, pray and give their surmons with...
....I suppose that it is not too much
of a stretch to see how the new
converts might adapt a more Latin
(and perhaps a more Christian)-sounding
name like "Scotti", at least in part,
to try and distance themselves
from their previous "pagan" names.
Hmmmmmmm???
@@VredesStall Quite possibly, I do know that during this era under discussion, the source of Christian teaching was St Finian's monastery in Clonard County Meath Ireland. Monks came to study there from all over Europe.
@@edwardbrady5843 the scotti tale is what it is...a tale written by irish monks to create an identity for ireland. a kin post you plenty links. ireland was colonized by peoples from scotland.
@@brucecollins4729 Interestingly, must look into that, do you have any idea where I might find references to this? Thanks.
Do a show on Finn's
One thing I am interested to know is where the Norse Gaels of the Western Isles are originally from? Where they from Dublin, Ireland in general or Norway? Did the Norse Gaels on the Western Isles come to the Islands via Ireland or did they conquer the Gaels in that area?
look up scots and irish gaels on irish origenes .
Generally they can be a mix of all above ! Some “Norse-gaels” in the Hebrides and western Scotland were sons of scots gaels who married Norse women. Many of them were also a mix of Irish Gael and Norse from Dublin who settled in Scotland and some were just families who came directly from Scandinavia. Basically any possibility you can think of probably happened. Families like McLeod come from a Norse-Gael family from Dublin and limerick who settled in Scotland
@@vestty5802 the name mcleod comes from the norse gaels who settled in the east and the northerin and westeren islands of scotland and assimilated with the picts of scotland. long before they were in ireland.
@@brucecollins4729 many Norse gael families in Scotland like the McDonalds come from Dublin and the Isle of Man. It should also be said that the Hebrides and western Scotland and south western Scotland were Gaelic not Pictish
@@vestty5802 the picts were in strathclyde. you say the picts were not in the west of scotland yet irish myth reads the scotti tribe from ireland invaded the west and defeated the picts. you are also stating the norse gaels bypassed the shetland isles and sailed right round scotland to go all the way to dublin then come and raid scotland. very highly unlikely. for years the mcniels of the hebrides thought they originated in ireland (i don,t know why) but anyhoo recent dna takes them straight back to scandinavia. type in.....the origins of the irish and scots gaels on irish origenes for a more believable account. not ancient mythical writings. for a wee country that,s tucked away behind scotland and england you seem to done well. the norse vikings in the isles of scotland 793 ad the norse vikings in ireland 795ad,
Are people with Mac surnames considered to be descendants from Pictland or Dal Riada? or both/no way of knowing?
Mac indicates Gaelic not brittonic. Meaning son of, but after centuries of intermingling it’s difficult to tell now. The Surname MacBane is Pictish in origin yet has the Gaelic prefix. Hope that helped.
Most of dal riadians were a mix of gaels and pics anyway
"Mac" comes from the Irish language so it is Dál ríada without a doubt.
@@corcaighogormghus4618 where,s your evidence. mac most likely comes from the picts of scotland
@@brucecollins4729 The picts spoke a brythonic language and "mac" is gaelic. You should look more into the subject
Nice job
Ah Scotland's Irish origins its mad how linked both our countries are
no irish origins in scotland...that,s mythical irish writings. not scottish. if anything, other way round which is fairly obvious.
@@brucecollins4729 Here ya go....Scotland's Irish Origins
by Dean R. Snow
Tracking the migration of Gaelic speakers who crossed the Irish Sea 1,700 years ago and became the Scots
Ireland in the Early Christian period (A.D. 400-1177) was made up of at least 120 chiefdoms, usually described in surviving documents as petty kingdoms, typically having about 700 warriors. One of these petty kingdoms was Dál Riata, which occupied a corner of County Antrim, the island's northeasternmost part. Around A.D. 400, people from Dál Riata began to settle across the Irish Sea along the Scottish coast in County Argyll. Other Irish migrants were also establishing footholds along the coast farther south, as far as Wales and even Cornwall, but the migrants from Dál Riata were especially noteworthy because they were known to the Romans as "Scotti" and they would eventually give their Gaelic language and their name to all of what is now known as Scotland.
So far as we know, the only people already living in Scotland in A.D. 400 were the Picts, who were first mentioned by Roman writers in A.D. 297. This was in connection with an attack along Hadrian's Wall, in which the Picts had the help of Irish (Scotti) allies, so connections across the Irish Sea must have already been strong. Roman sources predictably describe their Pictish adversaries as barbarians and mention their use of blue paint, which some historians later interpreted perhaps too literally (Mel Gibson and his friends show up in the film Braveheart slathered with gallons of it). More likely the Picts were heavily tattooed.
The Picts lived mainly in eastern Scotland, north of modern Edinburgh. We know their homeland both from the distributions of Pictish place-names (which typically begin with "Pett" or "Pit") and the distribution of Pictish symbol stones, which were Pictish equivalents of a medieval coat of arms, each typically bearing the crest of a petty king and that of his father. The rugged west coast was only lightly occupied by Picts or some other Celtic-speaking people. Settlers from Dál Riata apparently established themselves along the west coast without much opposition. By A.D. 490 the population of Scotti was large enough that the head of the little kingdom moved the family seat across from Ireland. The Scotti alternately cooperated with and fought against the Picts for the next few centuries until the two were unified into a single kingdom under Cináed (Kenneth) mac Ailp'n in A.D. 844. After that the Pictish language disappeared, along with the symbol stones and other archaeological traits that had distinguished them from the Scotti.
@@brucecollins4729 It's literally historical fact man the Scots were originally the Irish the country is named after them hench the Irish origin part
@@slainemccool2875 dr dean snow is an american who has just copied irish made up history. this is not scottish writings. as one irish hitorian wrote....some countries make up a history just to say they have one. www.irishorigenes.com/content/dna-irish-gael this irishman thinks different read parts one and two. also so do the scots www.islandguide.co.uk/history/scotti.htm
@@slainemccool2875 historical myth. your own irish historians can,t agree on the extent of dalriada in ireland let alone scotland. most likely the other way round as scotland was an inhabited land way long before ireland.
This is fantastic! Is this Ewan McGregor narrating?
@@Son-Of-Gillean Take it easy man, it’s hard for me to distinguish sometimes because Ewan McGregor plays a lot of characters and I don’t listen to him in a lot of interviews.
@@Son-Of-Gillean lol
I'm honored to say some of those kings are my ancestors
Hello cousin
There’s like 100k+ people alive rn that are related to them