Research Scholars and Academics are welcome to suggest the next Research Webinar. Please select from the options and also circulate in your research circle. The duration will be One Day (Day: To be Announced, Timing: 10:00 - 5:00 Pakistan Standard Time) Proposed Fee: Rs. 2000 (Pakistani Scholars) $20 (International Scholars) Please Make Your Choice forms.gle/wYN1JWgcRdGATJE19 Also Kindly circulate in your Research Circle For Queries, Please email me on kh.fawad83@gmail.com
I am glad you like it. I am also offering a detailed course on Paper Writing and it will have SMART-PLS. If interested email me on kh.fawad83@gmail.com
Very helpful, thank you. What do the numbers on the x and y axis represent? are they standardized values or standard deviations? My variables were measured on 1-7 scales, so not sure how to interpret the negative values on the scales.
Hi, I have watched the video which was informative. I have a moderator with three items and I want to measure it with high and low intensity with multigroup analysis in SMART PLS. It would be great if you kindly guide or share a video in this regard. Thank you very much
@@researchwithfawad Actually i want to know about lower and higher consumer ethnocentrism of two countries separately. In this regard, I need a multigroup moderation analysis. Please advise
Thank you Sir I have a question What if mediator also present in the model then either we link moderator to dependable variable or mediator? Or run test separately for both moderater and mediater
If the moderator is moderating the link between IV and MV, you link it with MV, if itnis IV amd DV, link it with DV. Link it to the endogenous variable whose relationship is being moderated.
Dear Sir I have few doubts sir, 1. in case If I wanted to use individual characteristics such as age, gender, etc as my moderator how should I do the moderation sir, 2. do we need to do a measurement model ( that is reliability testing for moderators)
If the moderator is categorical, you have to first create dummy variables ans then use each as a moderator. If the moderator is metric, yes Reliability and Validity must be established
@@researchwithfawad Dear Sir, Can you suggest a video of yours that can illustrate individual characteristics( categorical variable ) such as age, gender, etc as my moderator, As per your instruction I have created the dummy variables but got confused in the next step sir kindly please help me sir
Dear sir, I have some doubts and confusion about the interpretation. 1. My IV-DV hypothesis is a positive relationship. And it came significant. Then when I add my moderator the IV-DV relationship has changed to negative significance. Now I am confused about how to explain the impact of moderators on the IV-DV relationship? Example : Main hypothesis: Happiness in life (IV) has a negative impact on financial risk tolerance (DV). Beta value (0.056) P value (0.028) Moderation hypothesis: Religiosity moderates the relationship between happiness in life and financial risk tolerance. Findings : Religiosity-Happiness in life>Financial risk tolerance Beta value (-0.147) p-value (0.000) I am too confused about interpretation. How to interpret the moderating relationship? 2. My IV-DV hypothesis is a positive relationship. And it came significant. Then when I add my moderator the IV-DV relationship has also positive significance. But beta value reduced in the moderation model, do I need to interpret that? Example : Main hypothesis: Propensity to attribute success to luck (IV) has a positive impact on financial risk tolerance (DV). Beta value (0.204) P value (0.000) Moderation hypothesis: : Religiosity moderates the relationship between the attribute success to luck (IV) and financial risk tolerance. Findings : Religiosity- attribute success to luck >Financial risk tolerance Beta value (0.091) p-value (0.000) How to interpret the moderating relationship with reduced beta value?
Create dummy variables only if the categorical variable has 3 or more categories. Even if used as moderator, dummy is not created if it has two categories.
Dear professor, to interpret the results with a moderator, when we have a significant path between moderator-> DV but a non-significant path between ID->moderator->DV, how do we should interpret the role of moderator in our study?Thanks.
Hi Dr. Fawad, if I have second order model (reflective- formative) for my IV and DV , while MV is a standalone with measuring indicators, do I have to build the whole model and check for reliability and validity? If yes, can I proceed with the same model for analysis?
Check LOCs for Reliability and Validity first, in the second stage validate the Ref-For construct. In the second stage you will not need MV to be validated as it is done in the first stage.
The decision between whether a variable shall be mediating or moderating (If variable could be both) shall be made in light of theoretical support and also what gaps does the scholar needs to fill. if you are talking about the differences between the two, you may watch these videos Mediation: ua-cam.com/video/RjnfSVm3ev4/v-deo.html Moderation: ua-cam.com/video/dVM6NX0DLUo/v-deo.html If you have any other question, feel free to ask.
Hello Professor, there is a small point that I didn't understand well in this video, could you please help me out? Since the Beta of the moderator (CH) is a positive number (0.244), I suppose that the higher the CH, the stronger should be the effect of SL on RC. But the plot graph shows the contrary. Could you please explain the reason for that? Or should we focus on the plot graph, rather than look at the positive/negative sign of the Beta of Moderator?
Thanks for your interest. The positive sign here shows that it is strengthening the proposed negative relationship between SL and RC. The positive/negative sign in moderation shows whether the relationship is strengthened or weakened.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you for your reply, I actually watched the other video that you mentioned in the comment, which I fully understand the content in that video. But what caused my confusion about this video is that, since you mentioned that "The positive sign here shows that it is strengthening the proposed negative relationship between SL and RC.", I suppose the green line here (which represent the situation of high CH) should be more steep, in order to reflect the "strengthened negative relationship between SL and RC", right? But the green line shown in the graph of this video is quite horizontal, rather than steep.
Thanks for your response. Red line shows that at low CH, the negative relationship between SL and RC is further strengthened, this is because the moderating effect is positive.
The moderating effect that is strengthening the negative relationship is showing a stronger significance at low CH instead of high CH. This shows that when Community Hostility is low, the negative relationship between servant leadership and Role confilict is strengthened, Otherwise, if the moderating effect was negative, this would have meant that the relationship is weakened, and lets assume the CH was still steep at low level, this would have meant that at low level of community Hostility, the negative impact of servant leadership on role conflict is weakened.
I am sorry but i do not clearly understand your question. You may watch the SmartPLS4 playlist for further help. ua-cam.com/play/PLb7vm6tsQ3Kv4YWhYNkP7DizqOjT7ubSX.html
@@researchwithfawad there is 3 option to running moderation in pls, 1. Product indicator 2. Two stage 3. Ortho Can i run with two stage option when my variable is reflective indicator ? I use smart pls 3
@@researchwithfawad ok sir thx u. Btw, any suggest for me the reason for the using of two stage option? Maybe journals/book references...it will help me
Good evening Dr, I get confused about this issue. I found it (Moderation effect) in PLS is significant meanwhile the direct relationship is non-significant. Is it possible that the moderation effect on the non-significant relationship?
Yes it is possible, you moderator may be changing the relationship? how is your total effect. is it significant, your moderator may be changing the relationship and you would need to explain why the moderator is bring that change.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you for your replay. actually, the relationship IV-DV is non-significant but IV-MV-DV is significant. Otherwise, in the figure, the relationship is MV dampens the positive relationship between IV AND DV.
The very nice and simple way to teach, that, what moderation is and how it should be interpreted.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
sir you are doing a fabulous job..all ur videos are very helping..thank u
Thanks and welcome. I am glad the videos are helpful. Please do circulate in your circle.
very nice, simple and informative vdeos, God bless you Honorable Professor
Thanks. I am glad you liked it
Research Scholars and Academics are welcome to suggest the next Research Webinar. Please select from the options and also circulate in your research circle.
The duration will be One Day (Day: To be Announced, Timing: 10:00 - 5:00 Pakistan Standard Time)
Proposed Fee:
Rs. 2000 (Pakistani Scholars)
$20 (International Scholars)
Please Make Your Choice
forms.gle/wYN1JWgcRdGATJE19
Also Kindly circulate in your Research Circle
For Queries, Please email me on
kh.fawad83@gmail.com
This was a great video. Although, I understand Moderation very well this is one of the best resources to reinforce what I have learned in my program.
Thanks. I am glad you liked it
I saw all your videos on SMART-PLS. I've learnt a lot, you was so helpful. You save me. Thank you so much. All the best
I am glad you like it.
I am also offering a detailed course on Paper Writing and it will have SMART-PLS. If interested email me on kh.fawad83@gmail.com
Thank you for this insightful explanation
Thanks. I am glad you liked it
Thank you thank you! very well explained and helpful
You're very welcome!
Very helpful, thank you. What do the numbers on the x and y axis represent? are they standardized values or standard deviations? My variables were measured on 1-7 scales, so not sure how to interpret the negative values on the scales.
Thanks for watching. Yes those are the standardized scores.
Thank you so much dear ❤❤❤❤❤
Most welcome 😊
Hi, I have watched the video which was informative. I have a moderator with three items and I want to measure it with high and low intensity with multigroup analysis in SMART PLS. It would be great if you kindly guide or share a video in this regard. Thank you very much
What you need to do is create a grouping variable by defining low and higher intensity scores and then do multi group analysis l.
@@researchwithfawad Actually i want to know about lower and higher consumer ethnocentrism of two countries separately. In this regard, I need a multigroup moderation analysis. Please advise
@@researchwithfawad How i create a grouping variable when there are 4 items in the moderating construct? Please guide. thank you
Great work. Well done.
Thanks. I am glad it was helpful.
Thank you Sir
I have a question
What if mediator also present in the model then either we link moderator to dependable variable or mediator? Or run test separately for both moderater and mediater
If the moderator is moderating the link between IV and MV, you link it with MV, if itnis IV amd DV, link it with DV. Link it to the endogenous variable whose relationship is being moderated.
AoA Sir,
Can we get the statistical result of moderation graph as similar to preacher and Hayes's output result for moderating effect?
Please watch this video
ua-cam.com/video/S7_37sMSDno/v-deo.html
Hello! Just wanted to ask...is there any video covered on interpretation of Multigroup Analysis in Smart PLS?
Thanks. Here is the video on Multi-group Analysis
ua-cam.com/video/sADsHKyOsS0/v-deo.html
Fawad Latif - Research Coach Thanks for your quickly response!This video is very helpful 🙏
good video. Thank you too
Thanks. I am glad you liked it.
Dear Sir
I have few doubts sir,
1. in case If I wanted to use individual characteristics such as age, gender, etc as my moderator how should I do the moderation sir,
2. do we need to do a measurement model ( that is reliability testing for moderators)
If the moderator is categorical, you have to first create dummy variables ans then use each as a moderator.
If the moderator is metric, yes Reliability and Validity must be established
@@researchwithfawad thank you so much sir for ur guidance sir
@@researchwithfawad Dear Sir, Can you suggest a video of yours that can illustrate individual characteristics( categorical variable ) such as age, gender, etc as my moderator, As per your instruction I have created the dummy variables but got confused in the next step sir
kindly please help me sir
Dear sir, I have some doubts and confusion about the interpretation.
1. My IV-DV hypothesis is a positive relationship. And it came significant. Then when I add my moderator the IV-DV relationship has changed to negative significance. Now I am confused about how to explain the impact of moderators on the IV-DV relationship?
Example :
Main hypothesis: Happiness in life (IV) has a negative impact on financial risk tolerance (DV).
Beta value (0.056) P value (0.028)
Moderation hypothesis: Religiosity moderates the relationship between happiness in life and financial risk tolerance.
Findings :
Religiosity-Happiness in life>Financial risk tolerance
Beta value (-0.147) p-value (0.000)
I am too confused about interpretation.
How to interpret the moderating relationship?
2. My IV-DV hypothesis is a positive relationship. And it came significant. Then when I add my moderator the IV-DV relationship has also positive significance. But beta value reduced in the moderation model, do I need to interpret that?
Example :
Main hypothesis: Propensity to attribute success to luck (IV) has a positive impact on financial risk tolerance (DV).
Beta value (0.204) P value (0.000)
Moderation hypothesis: : Religiosity moderates the relationship between the attribute success to luck (IV) and financial risk tolerance.
Findings :
Religiosity- attribute success to luck >Financial risk tolerance
Beta value (0.091) p-value (0.000)
How to interpret the moderating relationship with reduced beta value?
Please check your email
Sir, how to report when there is no moderation ? I mean what kind of table to form and report, also i have used the process macro for moderation?
If there is no moderating effect, just report the beta values with t and p values. No need to plot the results of Moderation.
@@researchwithfawad thankyou so much sir 🙏
Khawaja fawad sir i use gender as moderator in my thesis sir my question is should I first make it as dummy variable
Create dummy variables only if the categorical variable has 3 or more categories. Even if used as moderator, dummy is not created if it has two categories.
Dear professor, to interpret the results with a moderator, when we have a significant path between moderator-> DV but a non-significant path between ID->moderator->DV, how do we should interpret the role of moderator in our study?Thanks.
This shows that your moderation effect is insignificant. If you are taking a variable as a moderator, the direct effect is not reported.
@@researchwithfawad Thanks, professor.
What does the B and T value stand for?
B is beta value ( path coefficient)
T is t statistics, if it is over 1.96, the path is significant
Hi Dr. Fawad, if I have second order model (reflective- formative) for my IV and DV , while MV is a standalone with measuring indicators, do I have to build the whole model and check for reliability and validity? If yes, can I proceed with the same model for analysis?
Check LOCs for Reliability and Validity first, in the second stage validate the Ref-For construct. In the second stage you will not need MV to be validated as it is done in the first stage.
Sir how to decide the between is the variable is moderating and mediating variable???
The decision between whether a variable shall be mediating or moderating (If variable could be both) shall be made in light of theoretical support and also what gaps does the scholar needs to fill.
if you are talking about the differences between the two, you may watch these videos
Mediation: ua-cam.com/video/RjnfSVm3ev4/v-deo.html
Moderation: ua-cam.com/video/dVM6NX0DLUo/v-deo.html
If you have any other question, feel free to ask.
Hello Professor, there is a small point that I didn't understand well in this video, could you please help me out? Since the Beta of the moderator (CH) is a positive number (0.244), I suppose that the higher the CH, the stronger should be the effect of SL on RC. But the plot graph shows the contrary. Could you please explain the reason for that? Or should we focus on the plot graph, rather than look at the positive/negative sign of the Beta of Moderator?
Thanks for your interest. The positive sign here shows that it is strengthening the proposed negative relationship between SL and RC. The positive/negative sign in moderation shows whether the relationship is strengthened or weakened.
You may also refer to this video for further clarity. Thanks.
ua-cam.com/video/S7_37sMSDno/v-deo.html
@@researchwithfawad Thank you for your reply, I actually watched the other video that you mentioned in the comment, which I fully understand the content in that video.
But what caused my confusion about this video is that, since you mentioned that "The positive sign here shows that it is strengthening the proposed negative relationship between SL and RC.", I suppose the green line here (which represent the situation of high CH) should be more steep, in order to reflect the "strengthened negative relationship between SL and RC", right? But the green line shown in the graph of this video is quite horizontal, rather than steep.
Thanks for your response. Red line shows that at low CH, the negative relationship between SL and RC is further strengthened, this is because the moderating effect is positive.
The moderating effect that is strengthening the negative relationship is showing a stronger significance at low CH instead of high CH.
This shows that when Community Hostility is low, the negative relationship between servant leadership and Role confilict is strengthened,
Otherwise, if the moderating effect was negative, this would have meant that the relationship is weakened, and lets assume the CH was still steep at low level, this would have meant that at low level of community Hostility, the negative impact of servant leadership on role conflict is weakened.
How if i chosing two stage sir if the indicator of variables are reflective? It can?
I am sorry but i do not clearly understand your question. You may watch the SmartPLS4 playlist for further help.
ua-cam.com/play/PLb7vm6tsQ3Kv4YWhYNkP7DizqOjT7ubSX.html
@@researchwithfawad there is 3 option to running moderation in pls,
1. Product indicator
2. Two stage
3. Ortho
Can i run with two stage option when my variable is reflective indicator ?
I use smart pls 3
Please use Two Stage
@@researchwithfawad ok sir thx u.
Btw, any suggest for me the reason for the using of two stage option? Maybe journals/book references...it will help me
Book by Hair et al. (2016)
A Primer on PLS-SEM
Good evening Dr, I get confused about this issue. I found it (Moderation effect) in PLS is significant meanwhile the direct relationship is non-significant. Is it possible that the moderation effect on the non-significant relationship?
Yes it is possible, you moderator may be changing the relationship? how is your total effect. is it significant, your moderator may be changing the relationship and you would need to explain why the moderator is bring that change.
@@researchwithfawad Thank you for your replay. actually, the relationship IV-DV is non-significant but IV-MV-DV is significant. Otherwise, in the figure, the relationship is MV dampens the positive relationship between IV AND DV.
Sir how to do moderating effect in smart pls 4
Please refer to the moderation videos in the playlist.
ua-cam.com/play/PLb7vm6tsQ3Kv4YWhYNkP7DizqOjT7ubSX.html
Can u pls share the data file?
Please drop me an email on kh.fawad83@gmail.com