Cold War 1945-1990| Political Science |

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This video is about: Concept of Cold War
The cold war 1945 1990
1. The Cold War 1945-1990US vs Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
2. Definition• A political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union.• Spread throughout the world-Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America.
3. DiscussionCommunism vs. DemocracySocialism vs. Capitalism
4. Causes of the Cold War• Different political systems -US is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom -USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control• Both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions• Stalin despised capitalism
5. Causes of Cold War• Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference• American fear of a communist attack(Red Scare) and USSR’s fear of a US attack• USSR’s fear of the atomic bomb• USSR’s actions in their German zone• USSR’s goal to spread communism around the world• This feeling of suspicion lead to mutual distrust and this did a great deal to deepen the Cold War
6. Stalin and Hitler
7. Yalta Conference Feb 1945
8. Yalta Conference Feb 1945• Before the end of the World War II, Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt met at Yalta to plan what should happen when the war ended. They agreed on many points:1. The establishment of the United Nations.2. Germany to be divided into four zones.3. Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe.4. Russia promised to join the war against Japan.
9. Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US• Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression• Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa• Stop the spread of communism
10. Post WWII/Cold War Goals for the USSR• Wanted to create greater security for itself -lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin’s purges -feared a strong Germany• Establish defensible borders• Encourage friendly governments on it’s borders• Spread communism around the world
11. United Nations
12. Key Terms• Iron Curtain Speech• Domino Effect• Policy of Containment• Truman Doctrine• Marshall Plan• Brinkmanship• Massive retaliation/Mutual Detterence• NATO vs Warsaw Pact• Detente
13. Lenin Dies
14. Stalin
15. Winston Churchill “Iron Curtain” Speech • “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and, in some cases, increasing measure of control from Moscow. Athens alone - Greece with its immortal glories -- is free to decide its future at an election under British, American and French observation. The Russian-dominated Polish Government has been encouraged to make enormous and wrongful inroads upon Germany, and mass expulsions of millions of Germans on a scale grievous and undreamed-of are now taking place. The Communist parties, which were very small in all these Eastern States of Europe, have been raised to pre eminence and power far beyond their numbers and are seeking everywhere to obtain totalitarian control. Police governments are prevailing in nearly every case, and so far, except in Czechoslovakia, there is no true democracy.”
16. Truman Doctrine • In 1947 the British were helping the Greek government fight against communist guerrillas. • They appealed to America for aid, and the response was the Truman Doctrine. • America promised it would support free countries to help fight communism. • Greece received large amounts of arms and supplies, and by 1949 had defeated the communists. • The Truman Doctrine was significant because it showed that America was prepared to resist the spread of communism throughout the world.
17. Marshall Plan • In 1947, US Secretary of State Marshall announced the Marshall Plan. • This was a massive economic aid plan for Europe to help it recover from the damage caused by the war. • There were two motives for this: - Helping Europe to recover economically would provide markets for American goods, so benefiting American industry. - A prosperous Europe would be better able to resist the spread of communism. This was the main motive.
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