How Rendering Graphics Works in Games!
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- Опубліковано 5 чер 2024
- Going all the way from the bits of vertex coordinates to the rasterizing of pixels, let's learn how rendering graphics works!
More about matrix math in 3D graphics: www.codinglabs.net/article_wor...
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The teapot was one of the first 3D objects. In 1975, Martin Newell wanted a simple object to try to render. His wife suggested a teapot, which was perfect. While fairly simple, it could cast light on itself and had an internal hole. He graphed out the shape on paper then put in each point coordinate into his computer by hand, as the computer was not powerful enough to generate the coordinates on its own. It has been dubbed the "Utah Teapot."
As a GPU hardware engineer, I’m astonished at the level of abstraction you’ve been able to achieve with your video. Concise yet very informative. Great work.
where can I study gpu hardware any book? i hace already studied computer microarquitecture and the cpu, and I have been searching form a complete guide of gpu hardware but have been unable to find good resources
please help me!
I have a good base becouse i know how cpu works
@@abnereliberganzahernandez6337 I don't know if you'll see this 9 months later or if you've already moved on, but a CPU and a GPU work in much the same way, just that a GPU is specialized to handle 3D math *nearly* to the exclusion of all else and it works parametrically on thousands of tiny calculations therein. If you can understand parallel operations then a GPU should be a snap.
@@anon_y_mousse yes after some months I Saw a little bit of parallel computing. This is mostly managed by they OS.
Then every alu si doing the same operation on parallel. This arquitecture is one instruction is done on many hardware. SIMD arquitecture. This is implemented on the OS. So the OS manage the hardware.
Opengl is the computer language used for instructions a I think and cuda C
Welcome to the matrix... there is no camera.
also there is no sky, just a box not affected by the camera matrix
Tomas Alejandro it's so wonderful to get comments on comments I made years ago :D
101 likes OMG
Welcome to the matrix... there is no matrix.
Neo.. You must believe...
This is my advice to any one still in high school or middle school who is interested in programing and game design: pay close attention when you first learn about matrices in algebra. These are super useful, as per the video and it will make courses like linear algebra a bit easier to swallow later.
Great video. I should have known that transformations would factor into this. It is cool to see the math I already know (but maybe not quite remember) applied here.
Brian Smith Very true! I use all the math and physics I thought was totally useless every day!
TheHappieCat It is amazing how many of these concepts are deeply rooted together. And how seemingly overly complicated math can actually be much simpler in certain circumstances.
I still remember learning about cylindrical and spherical coordinates and thinking it was stupid bullshit at first. Then instantly understanding why doing the transformations were way easier than using the normal systems.
Quick question and completely off topic: have you considered streaming? Resident Evil 4 is pretty sick to stream... :)
TheHappieCat I have thought about getting one myself. Not that anyone would watch me do the dumb things I like to do.
Just let us know if you get the card and the setup. A live stream of stuff would be fun.
Brian Smith FYI RE4 is on steam...
Ferrous Cantilope I don't think I knew that. I certainly didn't remember it. As much as I love that game, I doubt my PC can handle it. So I have the HD version on PS3.
I didn't realize how much gets put into graphics. Very informative.
It's all put behind a series of mere clicks.
Damn, makes me feel old, but I actually made some 3D models for a space combat game by typing vertice and triangle data in a text editor. 3D modeling software was not available for a reasonable price (let alone free), and objects with more than 20 or 30 triangles were too heavy for my 80-386 anyway. =D
Loved the Thief: the Dark Project image by the way!
hahah thats dope af dude.
Well, before computers were even capable of doing realtime rasterisation (so, before OpenGL was a thing), that's how 3D modelling was done. The Utah Teapot (the one shown in the video at 2:06) was first designed on graph paper, before being written by hand as a 3D model.
Hugh Manatee
3D programs are still hella expensive
Hugh Manatee meh ill just search for torrent
u should just use blender , omg
its free and do everything an expensive 3d program do ,
What if I told you there is no camera
Pixelcubed What if I told you it'explained in the video? 3:50
What if I told you I was making a reference to the matrix "what if I told you" meme?
Didn't get it, sorry
its a rather well known pop culture referrence
Well I'm not english and I didn't know that. Thank you for the explanation
Yes...... I understand some of these words.
Like graphics!
Gotta hev dem grephucks!
xD
Jobaa87 Only some?!?!
such a childish thing to say.
the only word i understood she saying was "pussy"
I've done it for a few years at a time before at school, can explain some. Used to make games too
I always feel excited and happy when I realize that the scene that I'm watching is really happening inside the PC, the 3D space is real and yes I always imagine the monitor like a window. And it is very amazing to think in all the huge quantity of data and calculations the graphic cards and processors are doing every single second. Thank for the video!
This should be introduction to any mathematics class...
Teacher: Who wants to learn all about algebra?
Class: ...
Teacher: Ok, who wants to wants to be able to play any game you want?
Class: Yaaaay! Me!
Teacher: And that's how it is done with algebra :)
Make Studying at school great again!
exactly ... but some teachers are hired because they couldn't be something they had decided to become and had to choose "teacher" so that kinda is distracting
You know I am trying to make a game hopefully but I'm more of drawing these days and I know nothing about coding ... I wish my teacher had told me that games were made with math back when I was a kid and perhaps I'd of considered the class, now I'm stuck like I don't know shit in math and have to know all these numbers and letters; let's just draw.
@@loginid7108 lmfao I can smell India in that story xDDDDD
DrugStar1136 don’t give up! Programming is much about logic and ideas/creativity, math just makes you more and more efficient :) and in the end, if you really want to make a game, you will much need it, but it will be fun, because you realise programming is the freedom you need to make your game as you want
This brings back bad memories of math class.
Im truamatized
Does 3D graphics mean the kind of 3D where you need 3D glasses
@@barneyhavard7462 god no
@@immortaldev1489 if you think about it, all glasses are 3d glasses
Nah bro my fav Is maths because I am Asian
This is INCREDIBLY well explained. Thank you for making this, I've always wanted to know!
I am a 3d designer beginning to work on the area and I just loved your video, how you explain something rather complex to someone not in the field to be able to understand. It actually helped me to understand the process I go through when I am modeling. Subbed and liked! :)
Wow!! This video was ON POINT, being precise (showing the simplified matrices even!) while still light and entertaining in the production. Preparing myself for some binge-watching of this channel 👌
This was Extremely well explained. Thank you!
This is great. Man there are so many people out there misusing words related to 3D graphics and animation. I kept finding stuff about modelling because they thought that was "rendering" the model. Thanks for nailing it!
I have to admit that I loved your video, its so simple and easy to understand.
keep up the good work.
Shit should've concentrate during math class when my teacher is teaching lessons about matrices
You kidding me? It's more magical than before! o.O
Great video. Thanks for posting.
You are literally my favorite person to watch on youtube!
Excellent explanation! Not only do you know your stuff, but you have the ability to organize and present what you know.
This video scratches an itch that is hard to fill in timely, consumable fashion. Thank you so much for this lesson! I hope you make more interesting projects.
gaiaflare "This video scratches an itch that is hard to fill in timely, consumable fashion" - Well put!
XanderHD "Well put!"
- Amazingly said.
You are AWESOME!! You told everything just the way I like to learn. THANKS.
Hey, I just found your channel today and subscribed after watching a couple of your videos. You're doing really great work! Clear, concise, easy to follow. And cats! I'm a fan now! Keep up the good work! Looking forward to more content :)
Nice video!
IMO, one thing said in the beginning is wrong, though:
If we're talking about current real-time graphics in games, all 3D models are made up of triangles. Ages ago, quads were used sometimes, but since the triangulation of a quad can be done in two ways, a non-planar quad in a model can lead to artifacts or at least cause unnecessary headaches in modeling. Therefore, these days, everything is made up of triangles in real-time graphics.
If we're not restricted to games and current graphics engines, a model can be made up of all sorts of surfaces or even as a combination of solids. A well-known example: Most 3D modellers these days support NURBS surfaces. Unless you're rasterizing the image, a model made up of NURBS surfaces can be rendered directly (for example, using a raytracer).
So, IMO, it's wrong to state that all 3D models are made up of either tris or quads.
Still, the rest was explained very nicely and to the point.
Eh, some 3D modelling programs still support modelling in quads. However, most 3D modelling programs and game engines automatically triangulate/tessellate the models before they're exported, because yes, quads are generally not used anymore unless you're programming the verticies directly.
At now, modern 3D apis (OpenGL x>2.0 and DirectX x>9) doesn't support quads.
Little extension:
the gpu graphical pipelines always create triangles from quads
Mcs1v Yep. It's basically the same as using GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP.
Yeah, as I said: Since the triangulation of non-planar quads can lead to artifacts, they aren't used anymore. Basically, an artist has pretty much no feasible way to set which way the quad should be split into triangles and therefore cannot fully control the shape that ends up being rendered.
Nice video :D! Even though I learned most of this information on my first day as a game dev intern from our 3d modeler, I bet it will be helpful for many. Keep up the good work!
This is a great video. Really clear and informative. Thanks!
nice!! simple yet informative, love the way it is explained, couple it with a smiling face of the triangle and square and cats too :D
The best explanation I have seen so far and that too within a shortest time
Awesome work!
H😁ppyCat, thank you for breaking this down into something so easily digestible.
To me this has been nice and informative.
Keep up the great content.
Excellent video, keep up the good work
Thank you for the video. I need to gain a broad understanding of everything relating to game design for my career and videos like these are a big help.
Subscribed.
Extremely educative, thank you for such a high quality content
Subbed, great video. Look forward to seeing more of your stuff!
Great videos, very digestible information, very accessible language. Great job!
This is great content, keep up the good work!
Your videos are so useful! Thank you for producing your channel
This gave me enough motivation to concentrate on my math classes.. Good that I saw this video during my school days xDdddd
Great video! I have a computer graphics course at my uni and I find the matrices and the math kinda hard understand. This made it easier to understand :)
I genuinely love your videos!
Searching for solution to computer problem I accidentally came across your video! This is wonderfully explained though I was not looking for this kind of video, still I have watched it with great interest. Know I know a real life application of my linear transformation class in the current semester at my University. You have got a new subscriber. Thanks for amazing quality content and blessing UA-cam.!!!
Great video! That was a nicely succinct summary of the crazy amount of computation going on behind the scenes to render graphics.
Curious, do you work with OpenGL at your new job, or Direct3D? or something else?
As for your tutorials in the future, will you be covering the older style immediate mode before OpenGL 2.0 or the newer stuff where you handle all your own matrices, shaders, etc?
I love all the work you're doing. Can't wait for more!
chawkzero I actually just kinda... know stuff about graphics engines and OpenGL from doing random projects. Some of the foundations I learned in school. I'm working on optimizing engine stuff at work so I don't directly work on graphics, though I'm often staring at related code for many hours.
My tutorial will just be on how to set things up and make some crude shapes with the most recent versions of OpenGL and VS.
Thank you! :)
Your videos are awesome..:! :)
Wow! All the explanation I needed in one video. Thank you cat.
Awesome job, this was easy to follow. You must understand it well to explain it that well.
Excellent job. Keep up the great work...
(FYI, I started in 3D Studio r2 back in the early 90's and had a long career modeling/animating/rendering/programming/teaching/writing!)
This is seriously explained so well - thank you!
Great explanation of vertices. Thank you!
I'm a 2-D artist learning 3-D and coding at the same time (slowlllllyyy). These videos have been a great starting point.
Great stuff! Loving this channel. :)
Thanks so much for this! You are so knowledgeable AND are a great communicator. :) I learned a lot!
One thing that I'm missing a little bit, is texture projection and what mipmapping is, as well as why it is used, as textures are usually used in the most basic games.
Apart from that, you pointed to the least requirements to look deeper into, that one might need if she or he wanted to build a software renderer, which I would advice anyone to do if there is interest in gaining a deep understanding of the matter - it is also a fun little project (I did one myself).
Fantastic video. As a person new to this language its a lot of info all at once, but you put it all together beautifully.
Wow! Now I can wrap my head around how code turns into a game! Thanks! Maybe I'll make my own game engine one day
I have a 2 years 3d experience and i am watching this..
It can be useful if your experience is not about the inner workings of the rendering process. Some people can be very talented modelers without having a clue about what happens behind the scene in their software.
yup there's a huge difference between theory knowledge and practical work
Same
HlDlTR at which age did u start doin this? Coz m 13 i wanna merge computer programing infact game industry?
@@gauravv3367 it's good if you start learning programming from early stage. I also started learning on my own, from 0 experience on programming and now I am building my own game engine. I learned all stuff on my own. When I started learning there was an awesome game engine known as "DarkBasic" it is very easy to use game engine the language is very similar to BASIC. You can grab any beginner book on darkbasic and start learning it on your own. Basically you can get game Programming books for teens too, do some research and find what best suits you. I suggest darkbasic. Build some cool game, upload it on the Internet, impress your friend on school, impress your teachers, You will also learn programming in a fun way, with this knowledge you can start learning "C++", the one I learned was C++ for programmers by daitel, side by side learn data structures, there are some good books like "data structures for game programmers" too but don't learn this book alone, learn normal data structure book side by side too, after that comes a "algorithms" these are important subjexts too just don't think that this subject is useless, I want to remind you that game development is an engineering intensive field, it's true that everyone feels like I should give up and choose other field, but don't just give up have patience and go slowly, learn every thing step by step, if you don't understand the concepts read it again, now going back to our previous topic then comes the "object orieented modeling and design" and "software engineering principles" again you will feel software engineering as a useless subjext. "Design Patterns" and software architecture will help you too. I started these subject quite later so I faced a little bit difficulty. Then you can start computer graphics, and what interests you in parallell, I recommend computer architecture, linear algebra, Calculus, System programming, Operating System.
With these skills you can learn OpenGL easily but even with these skills you will face difficulty in learning pipelines and the Matrix transformations at first, if you pass this test then rest of the concepts goes easily. But today's 3D games contains hundreds of models in the scene and each models are made up of thousands of triangles to explain in brief there's a lot of load on both CPU and GPU if we are not carefull, so for rendering efficiecy we use one data structure "BSP". We study it in "Computational Geomerty". I can't name everything here the list is so vast, and is impossible to list here, even i am in learning stage but yeah some other the important filed in games are physics, AI, mathematics.
Thanks for the useful info. I've been working on a 3d Modelling app and this has helped me a lot.👍😁
You explained something so beautifully in few minutes such camera models and world which I found hard to grasp in a thick book on 3D graphics reading pages after pages. UA-cam learning is better than books now adays. Thanks
Awesome video. Keep up the good work!
Very intelligent. I loved the way you explained it!
informative, detailed explanations, pleasant voice, visual examples,....
even if I already knew most of this stuff it was entertaining to watch. +subscribed
Love it, thank you for the knowledge 💕
Excellent video!
Reaaaaallyy well made :) Good job :D
really informative video! could you do one on coloring? as in, the calculations that determine the color of pixels based on the location of the light sources, and shade, and angle, etc...
Yeah! I would love to see one on how textures are applied to models and how renderers know what color should be put where on a polygon being projected onto the screen. That's something I've been wondering for a while. I'd also love to see one on lighting too, but specifically on what the difference between game engine renderers (like Unreal Engine) and standalone renderers (like Maxwell) (aka, what do they do differently that makes one take minutes to render each frame while the other is able to run at 60+ frames/second).
That's a very good way of explaining things. I started to learn 3D in 2004, probably, after being an illustrator for a long time. Shame I lost the interest before really "getting there." As an illustrator that tries to keep drawing today, maybe using in 3D in my illustrations would revive my interest... I dunno. I would like to try, but I am tending more to a traditionalist approach nowadays (watercolor, traditional art for nearly everything) so I dunno how I would mix the two.
This is a fantastic video! Thank you very much :)
I love your voice. It's so calm and soothing. it makes me listen to what you have to say :)
watched the video like 3-4 times and finally understand it! Thank you for making concepts so easy, even a caveman like me can learn them!
Such a wonderful explanation,
This was super informative. great video
Wow, awesome vids. Glad I stumbled onto your channel.
Great vid/explanation! Thx for that!
Fantastic explanation!
As a game artist who now owns his own game company, I can tell you we love teapots!! also that a teapot was one of the first 3D objects to be rendered. Its one of the special objects available in 3ds Max by default.
Mind blown!! Pretty awesome video!! Thanks!!
Finally I found a video explaining this stuff in detail
This is a really good way of explaining this stuff to beginners. I'm gonna send this to anyone who doesn't understand how 3d graphics work.
always been a great help
Hi! This was so informative and well explained. Highly useful for me as a beginner. Thank you :)
That was really a great video, thanks. Now I value more my analytic geometry and linear algebra class
All of this stuff is actually vital if you want to learn shader programming.
This is a neat overview, especially for those trying to get into the theory behind a graphics pipeline. Well done!
This was a pretty solid breakdown. I'll try to get some friends to watch it later, since I'm coming into this with an understanding already...
It's broken down into more digestible pieces than what I would have been able to :P
Yes, UR Exactly Right!
Thank You 4 Your Information
Nice explaination, lovin it
This video made cleared up the picture real well for me.
Great video. Very well explained. Liked and Subscribed. Good luck with your channel
great video. i knew of little stuff here and there about graphics but it still didnt make any sense to me. this was enlightening
this video has been sitting in my "watch later" for 6 years and I happened to clear up the list a week after I studied "kinematic of robots" without knowing those knowledge about matrices coordinate production is required to understand this video better lol
Somehow this 6 minute video was more informative than the 1 hour lecture I had about graphics.
Thank you so much. Your videos are excellent.
Thank you! I've been referencing this video along with my old linear algebra textbook to create a rendering engine in Java.
Amazing! Thank you!
that was a very nice explanation
Very well explained!
You are absolutely right, about teapots! It’s something magical about them.
Amazing. Thank you.
that was great. thanks!
Thanks for the vid!
your videos are f*cking awesome ! thank you for making them, i enjoyed them very much !
And thats how yoi explain a complex subject. Kudos