How Portugal's Empire Ended: The Colonial War | Animated History
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- Опубліковано 5 лип 2024
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Sources:
“‘Ato Indesculpável Que Desonra a Nossa História’: António Costa Pede Desculpa a Moçambique Por Massacre De Wiriyamu.” Expresso, September 2, 2022. expresso.pt/politica/2022-09-....
The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonization (United Kingdom: Intellect, 2003).
Abbott, Peter. Botham, Philip. Rodrigues, Manuel Ribeiro. Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961-74 (United Kingdom: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1988).
Chabal, Patrick. “National Liberation in Portuguese Guinea, 1956-1974.” African Affairs 80, no. 318 (1981): 75-99. www.jstor.org/stable/721431.
Fine, Leah. “Colorblind Colonialism? Lusotropicalismo and Portugal's 20th Century Empire in Africa.” Barnard College Department of History, Spring 2007.
Humbaraci, Arslan. Muchnik, Nicole. Portugal’s African Wars: Angola, Guinea Bissao, Mozambique (New York: The Third Press, 1974).
Lopes, Rui. “Accommodating and Confronting the Portuguese Dictatorship within NATO, 1970-4.” The International History Review 38, no. 3 (2016): 505-26. doi:10.1080/07075332.2015.1046388.
Thomas, Steven. (2009) “Portuguese Equipment in the Colonial War,” Steven’s Balagan, May 25, 2009. balagan.info/portuguese-equip.... Accessed: 25 April 2024.
Venter, Al. J. Portugal’s Guerrilla Wars in Africa: Lisbon’s Three Wars in Angola, Mozambique and Portuguese Guinea 1961-1974 (United Kingdom: Helion & Company, 2013).
Armchair Team Credits:
docs.google.com/document/d/1s...
Thank you to Paradox Interactive and Victoria 3 for sponsoring this video! If you're like me and you enjoy the idea of building alliances, creating power blocs, and forging your own empire on which the sun never sets either through diplomacy or war, click on the link and get your copy of Victoria 3: Sphere of Influence today! play.victoria3game.com/ArmchairHistorian Every click and purchase helps to support our channel!
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Hello from Russia. There is an university of Ilyin - russian pro-nazy philosopher, and russia is the country that claims to fight fascism in Ukraine)))))
@@AlexJukkshut up
Victoria 3 my beloved (I haven't even played it, I just have it in my library)
@@Potato55654 you really think ukraine is ruled by nazis? Imagine falling for russian propaganda
Like video
“Portugal was getting a bit chummy with the allies behind the scenes, and Germany didn’t like that one bit.” Oversimplified
thats WW1
How is that related?
@@zayedbinimran957 Yeah. GB did not want Portugal in WW1.
@@peterschutzek325 im pretty sure they did
Germany fought Portugal on the border of Angola and Namibia, each other's colonial territory on WW1
The Estado Novo era of Portugal must be one of the most unheard parts of European history
As well as most parts of Portuguese history!
The republican era is completely forgotten
@@joaotomas9430 Then again... That era is what gave birth to the Estado Novo era due to how much they bungled it...
@@joaotomas9430 estado novo was republican, monarchy was abolished in 1910
Yeah, Spain and Portugal were the only fascist countries that survived beyond WW2
It reminded me of "DEATH TO THE MPLA" quote
Same.
OUR JOURNEY TO VICTORY HAS BEGUN
Stop watching this, Brother. We must fight the MPLA
"Here they come! Here they come, my brothers! Fiight my brotherrrs!!"
Savimbi Quote
Hello guys, I am the new editor for the channel, hope you guys enjoyed our latest production, I have also been doing the sound design for the past year (not every video, since I have 2 more awesome colleagues). Please let me know your thoughts about it and what you would like to see from us in the future.
I love it everything looks good whit a perfect amount of information whitout being overwhelming the sound is good and immersive I genuinely can't picture a flaw in the work whit that said congratulations hope you are proud of yourself because holy that's some amazing work keep it up!
Good to know, I love all the Armchair content!
I'd like to see some Czech/o'Slovak 20th century themed vids
We fought our own mini expeditionary war in Russia even before our state was formed, we almost started WW2 only to be swallowed by the Eastern bloc afterwards, there's the '68 invasion, the '89 Velvet revolution...pretty interesting perspective on world shaping events through Czech eyes!
Very cool video, where is the music from?
Great job!
@@grey_apache The music is taken from Epidemic Sounds, there are multiple songs but here are the more interesting ones used in this video: Pandemonium - Christoffer Moe / Still Rivals - Dream Cave / The Lost Forest - Dex 1200.
The only thing I think is "wrong" in this video is the fact that it doesn't mention the 1961 massacre by Congolese UPA members in Northern Angola, both Africans and Europeans were massacred with no distinction, that kicked off the colonial war. That aside , great video.
RTP has arquive images of that, everybody can see them
But if someone puts them here on YT , the video desapairs in a heart beat
It isnt shown because it doesnt fit the narrative of this video. In case you didnt realize this video is biased AF against Portugal and for the brutal "independence movements" that, unlike what this video suggests, were even more brutal than Portugal.
@@greentuga691 Which is the correct narrative. Colonialism is absolutely abhorrent. I know you're proud of our history, but colonialism is not worth defending.
@@pashico7082white European nations i forgive your previous governments bad deeds but it would nice if all of Europe become a protectorate of a Greater China that’s allied with a unified Korea, Japan, we promise to keep Europe (Russia included) white remove the blacks and browns. As long as we get to breed with your surplus women.
The whole colonial war was initiated and funded by the Soviet Union. After Stalin's "socialism in one country" Nikita Khrushchev discovered a different approach by spreading Marxism in Africa, Asia and South America. Most rebel leaders were trained in Moscow and supplied with Russian weapons.
Basically Portugal lost its colonies to the Soviet Union.
You should make a video about the "Central American Crisis" in the 1970s and 1980s. It was one of the main battle grounds in the latter half of the Cold War, with civil wars in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.
Shining Path would be a cool one too
Thanks, USA, for destabilizing the region. -Mexican American
Hopefully there is a section in that video for Iran Contra. Reagan's evils are endless.
@@kingace6186Economic growth and he opposed a dictatorship. What and evil man!!!
Oh God, speaking of Guatemala, I hope that Armchair Historian will speak about its civil war especially the Mayan genocide.😢
Two notable things that are not mentioned in the video.
1: At the time, Portugal had conscription in place. Creating a similar generation to the Vietnam generation in the U.S.
2: For a long time, Portugal had referred to its overseas territories internally as provinces. Despite the reality of the situation, Portugal used this as justification, that these colonies were actually part of Portugal proper. And as such decolonisation didn’t apply to them.
They were never called colonies as far as I remenber.
Never called colonies mate, Portugal even had it's Capital in Brazil...and proportionally, Portugal had more soldiers in three combat fronts, with much less resources.
@@lxportugal9343 Provincias Ultramarinas. At least in the modern era.
In the last years of the war in Angola and Mozambique the majority of conscripts were local africans, but in Guinea it was majority white conscripts.
As a portuguese, I'm so happy that you made this video. I have been watching your channel for over 1 year and always wanted a video about our colonial war. Well, it was worth the wait since this video is pretty good :D
And there will be one more Portuguese video coming in the following weeks, but it will be an Armchair Exclusive on Armchair Historian TV.
Você é português? Eu sou brasileiro, gosto de trocar mensagens com aqueles que compartilham do mesmo idioma.
@@joaopedrobaggio4475 A história de Portugal é também a vossa história amigos :)
@@ghost7344Is it about their golden age of colonialism?
@@SiPakRubah It will be the invasion of Goa
Portuguese history needs more love. I'm glad to see you cover this. Much thanks 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹
Portuguese imperialism
@caven7056 that is portuguese history. Thank you, captain obvious.
It's a beautiful country Portugal, friendly people as well, all the best from the UK 🇬🇧🇵🇹
@@dwaynehicks6838 LONG LIVE THE ALLIANCE. I hope you know what I'm talking about!!
@@paulocorreia7942 oldest alliance in the world my friend 💪
My grandfather (Sergent) lead a squad in Angola, in the 70's. (he was in the airborne forces of portugal) he has tons of war stories. i am very glad you made this episode!
A colonizer
@@caven7056 womp womp
@@caven7056a soldier
@@caven7056 Based
@@tomasmontalto9465 an oppressor
My grandfather fought in this war, won a praise for saving a colleague under fire and was a cooker in the army. One day he recooked caldo verde (portuguese soup) as there were no more ingredients for soup he had to scrape the soldiers bowls to make more caldo verde. The best part was that the officers said it was good. He told that the rebels ("turras") were so dark in skin that they attacked from the trees and were difficult to see. After the war he dedicated to making chocolate and helped people. With the money he saved with military service he bought the house I still live today. Had he died in that war I wouldn't be here. He did not like war but was conscripted to Angola. He's an example I want to follow and make proud. As a portuguese, I'm sorry for the atrocities commited, nobody wins with war.
Que grande história, e que grande pessoa que o teu avó é!
You're grandpa is a colonizer. In Africa we despise his kind
Good story. May your grandfather rest in peace.
@@ReiPago colonizer
@@caven7056 He (indirectly) benefits from the actions of colonization but he nevertheless had no hand in perpetuating it anyway. I wouldn't fault him for keeping the house when getting one is not easy.
Also I suggest you look into the history of your ethnic group and see if you've displaced an indigenous minority of your country.
Fun fact: Guinea was named after the Gulf of Guinea and used for multiple countries there, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau and Equatorial Guinea. Papua New Guinea was originally called Papua but explorers thought the natives looked like the natives from the Guinea part of the world in Africa.
And there is also French Guinea in South America.
@@paulocorreia7942Not at all, it's French Guyana,
@@juanmasingh Yes.🙂
not really. guiné was the portuguese n word equivalent during the exploration age. so gulf of guinea really means gulf of n*****s
My maternal grandpa was a doctor that treated injured soldiers in the Overseas War and I also have great uncles who also fought as soldiers in that war, it was a terrible war that killed thousands of people and caused many economical problems in our country, it's the main reason why the Estado Novo regime was easily overthrown on April 25th century
We have the same last name, even though i'm brazilian.
Not to mention the whole Retornados scenario...I have family members that were Retornados. I could have been one, if my grandfather had not had the foresight to leave before War broke out.
The Portuguese Colonial War in Africa lasted from 1961 until the final overthrow of the Estado Novo regime in 1974. The Carnation Revolution of April 1974 in Lisbon led to the hasty decolonization of Portuguese Africa and to the 1975 annexation of Portuguese Timor by Indonesia.
I know this video focuses mostly on portugals african colonies, but i think there should also be a mention of their other territories such is east timor or goa, which shows how foreign actors that are neither east or west also took advantage of the collapse.
Soon, stay tuned!
Especially Goa.
Indonesia under Suharto was very much on the side of the West
@@kingace6186 fgs... I hope they ask Goans... real Goans that lived there or are descendents
I'm tired of seeing videos about Goa with misconceptions. Neru never made a referendum about Goa, now guess why
Thank you for covering this. This event doesn't get the coverage and attention it deserves, not even in Portugal. It is just taught as a sidenote, something else bad that happened during the Estado Novo.
A Guerra do Ultramar é um dos eventos históricos mais falados em Portugal, certamente
Sounds like the American-Phillippino War, the difference being that the native revolution failed and the Philippines had to remain a colony for another 30+ years before being granted independence.
My grandfather fought in Angola, unfortunately when he came back he was not the same person that he used to be
*he used to be
@@antoniof9756dude don’t be a prick
@@you_forgot_somethingdumbpo5647 You already are, apparently.
@@antoniof9756 yhe i don't care im not english
Yeah, even after all these years, you still occasionally meet veterans from that war, most are really scarred from it.
People here these days seem to forget our country was in a Vietnam like 13 year war all over Africa not that long ago.
20:42 And Timor-Leste. Dont forget them, even if they would later be invaded by Indonesia.
Thank you for not forgetting us
@@fabertaleixo hello from Indonesia.
@@trk1b28varianrhesa4 Oh hi there
Hello from a Portuguese (GNR) that has lived 1y and 7m in Timor-Leste. Some of the best memories of my life come from there.❤
Obrigado (thank you) for this! Cheers from Portugal 🟦👑⬜
Cheers from England! Portugal is our longest ally.
Ngl the blue white flag looked really epic
@@ANUBISseyes2 absolutely 💪
⬜️👑⬜️
"Those who are left the battlefield have won" - Michael J Collins
Fantastic video! Just a small note, as a Portuguese I think you missed some details about the conflicts, for example you forgot to mention the duration of the conflict (13 years!), the huge amount of Portuguese people that fought directly or indirectly in the war over that period (more than 1 million, for a country with 6/7 million people at the time), the economical costs of the conflict for the Portuguese state and the consequences of the independence treaties that displaced more than a million Portuguese people from the colonies.
I'd like to add another thing, today is very common for young people in their 20s/30s to have at least one grandfather who fought in the war. My paternal grandfather fought in Guinea Bissau for a couple of years and sometimes tells me stories that would give anyone PTSD nowadays, such as seeing his friends getting eaten by crocodiles after a native soldier blew a raft with a bazooka, throwing almost a dozen guys in a river during some sort of operation. Of course he hated the war and the military, and that made him a communist sympathiser which later was involved with the Portuguese Communist Party, who he votes for in every election until today.
Thank you for sharing your grandfather's story
Portugal had 22 million people in those times.....
@@br3menPT the indigenous people in the colonies obviously don't count, though.
@@cavalex LOL why? In Mozambique 52% of the troops fighitng for Portugal were natives..."chama-se recrutamento local"
Fantástico só se for pelos gráficos. De histórico isto tem muito pouco, é mais uma arma de propaganda política que qualquer outra coisa.
There's an interesting documentary about the decolonization of Africa titled "Africa Addio". Worth a watch
I have that on dvd it is a interesting documentary
Is it on UA-cam?
@@theemirofjaffa2266 It is, there are English subtitles available on the Italian documentary and also an English dub available
Thanks for this!
>Portuguese History video
Billions must subscribe
thanks for showing my country's history some love
ps: if you see an S in the middle of a word, use the "shh" sound to pronounce it. "e-sh-tado"
@@EnclaveEmilylol Angolan here. I am also interested in this video, people dont realise our nation’s history literally goes back 500 years and initially was entirely mutual
mas ele nunca falou sobre o começo do primeiro imperio
😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
@@MikeMyers-th1rk ???
It ended with the single, Feel It Still
My Portuguese grandfather fled the country to Brazil as he didn't want to fight a colonial war, he met a Brazilian lady n settled down
vovô esperto :)
A better ending than ending up dead in the jungle.
Montou uma padaria? 😂😂😂
@@Ramondenner1991quem sabe, e de certeza que se deu bem
I have so many stories... My great-uncle fled to the USA, a great-aunt to France, my grandma's cousin to Brazil... Another great-uncle died fighting in Angola. My paternal grandad (whose parents were, funnily enough, Brazilian, from Belém do Pará) was already living in Guinea-Bissau when the war started. He owned a restaurant the soldiers frequented. My grandma was Guinean and so is my dad. My maternal grandad fought in Guinea-Bissau, coincidentally, and, thankfully, made it back to Portugal, where he met my grandmother.
The Iberian Union in a nutshell:
Spain: "The Pope says that I get all of the resource rich Americas, and you get all the old world that's populated by civilizations that have been well accustomed to war. Sound good?"
Portugal: "🥰"
Funny enough, at the time they thought Portugal got the better deal since it was guaranteed profits with the spice trade while spain didn't know so much about the america riches
@@crow624 Especially once Portugal discovered that a decent chunk of South America was actually on their side of the dividing longitude line.
Meanwhile...
United Kingdom: We're a Protestant country that doesn't recognize the Pope, so we're going to start colonizing the Eastern seaboard of North America, eventually kick out the Dutch, and gradually move inward, followed by kicking out the French and moving even further inland. What could go wrong after that?
They got the best fotboll colony in Brazil at least. 😊
Glad to see someone cover this topic!
Military experts and general historians claim a Portuguese military success and general victory in Angola and Mozambique and a stalemate in Guiné Bissau, but according to this video, it seems like they were defeated everywhere
It was a success everywhere but Bissau like you mentioned. We halted the war altogether because of our anti-colonial revolution that agreed to grant independance to the colonies, otherwise we'd have probably supressed the Angolan and Mozambican uprisings, not Guiné Bissau tho. Fortunately the revolution did happen and there weren't any more men sent to the slaughterhouse
@@miguelpadeiro762that's an interesting story you got there but don't kid yourself mate😂
As long as the hope and desire for liberty and freedom still beats in the hearts of people. Victory will always be certain. You had neither. So failure was ultimately guaranteed in the end, so don't be a sour loser and make up *"well, we could have if we had only..."* crap lmao. Just take the L and move on with your life.
Just ask your friends the Americans about their tales in Vietnam and Afghanistan😂. I'm sure it must have have been victory in their heads as well.
@@nyashasamuriwo-bp2mv he isn't coping about anything, Portugal had essentially won the war in Angola and Mozambique however the Guinea Bissau front was a failure due to the terrain and geography making its environment similar to Afghanistan as in ungovernable for an invading army.
Nunca ouvi ninguém na minha vida falar que Portugal venceu a guerra. Guerrilha é assim mesmo, n importa quanta gente tu mata, no final a pressão foi grande de mais e Portugal não aguentou. Guerra é só extensão da política de qualquer forma
@@nyashasamuriwo-bp2mv Using gamer lingo when talking about very real wars is so weird. I am simply speaking the facts. If the war raged on, we'd have won in most theatres.
I don't think you can compare Vietnam and Afghanistan here. They were foreign interventions of the US, getting in the middle of civil wars (the latter which they helped start, as they funded the Taliban mujahideen into existance to battle the Soviet satellite state).
Meanwhile, the Colonial War was a native insurection to liberate the colonies from Portuguese rule.
Portugual's investment in the colonial war was nothing like American investment in your mentioned wars. They could at the end of the day just bail...which they did, nothing lost to the US at large.
Meanwhile, the Portuguese regime's entire legitimacy, domestic and international, was built around its colonial empire. "We are not like the others! We are special! Our empire is legitimate!"
Losing the war was unthinkable for the Estado Novo, and as such they invested in it severely. The result was thousands of Portuguese men dead, thousands of natives butchered, general suffering.
Portugal couldn't afford to "just dip out" alá Vietnam or Afghanistan.
Fortunately we had a revolution. This revolution toppled the afformentioned regime, Estado Novo, and was vehemently anti-colonial. So, in constrast with the previous government, they were very open to outright end the conflict, which they did.
This is why the conflict ended. Fortunately so.
Would Portugal cling to its colonies forever? Unlikely. Rhodesia fell. Apartheid fell. Even Franco back in Europe, a close ally of the Portuguese Estado Novo, also fell alongside his own Fascist regime in Spain. Sooner or later, Portugal would be completely isolated, and would have to consede to the native demands for liberty.
This isn't a CoD lobby, if that's how you want to talk about the topic, I'm not interested.
And no, the hearts of the people won't win a war. As unfortunate as that is. Taliban rules over Afghanistan. Where are the hearts of the people seeking freedom? Quenched under a boot.
Ah yes, a Portugal video right when my obsession with Portuguese History starts.
A little correction: the Carnation Revolution came about primarily due to extreme concerns amongst the career officers within the portuguese armed forces.They felt threatened by new conscription laws which imposed shortened training and preparation semesters for newly drafted junior officers, and their potential integration to the permanent cadre of career officers in the army. Thus, in order to safeguard their status, clandestine groups of officers began planning for a potential takeover, there was a failed attempt at a coup in Caldas da Rainha and the movement became "politicized" since they were mostly aware that the stalemate in Africa would eventually drain the portuguese economy and manpower dry (and the armed forces would most likely be blamed and officers would be prosecuted), naturally they didn't want any of this (the repression by the DGS (the "final form" of PIDE) also antagonized the movement against the regime)
It was a communist revolt
exatamente 👍 I don’t know why this video makes it seem as if the Carnation Revolution was due to public discontentment with the regime when it really wasn’t. They didn’t like the forced conscription but that didn’t necessarily mean they wanted to overthrow the Estado Novo.
Things our European friends usually don't think when thinking about Portugal:
- A lot of our population ("white" portuguese) with more then 50 years (so like, your boss at work, your father's friend, not "old people") were born in African or Asian countries when they were part of the Empire. I had a school colleague born in Macau.
- A lot of our 65+ population has PTSD from the colonial wars... if you are around 20-25... those are our "fathers/uncles" generations, not our "grandfathers" generations.
- When Portugal thinks of itself, it doesn't really see itself culturally or historically has an European country. Yes, we feel and are European, but our history happened outside of Europe, our international relations are still very much divided between EU, NATO and CPLP (Lusophone countries).
The contrast can be "jokingly" seen in these factoids: The Portuguese language is the 17th most spoken language in Europe, between Czech and Catalan... at the same time, Portuguese is the most spoken language in the World's Southern Hemisphere.
You talked alot about portugueses crimes, but not about the african crimes, like the genocide against white people in Angola, that would lead to the start of the war
Thank you AH team , we Portugues lost yesterday on football , but you guys gave us a victory today.🐓🇵🇹
I’m glad you are making videos about topics that arent well known, its very cool!
My grandfather was sent to Guinea-Bissau, from 1965 to 67, he told me it was a very horrific front and told me many atrocities made by both sides. If the regime didn’t fell and the war didn’t end, my grandparents would have fled Portugal with my father to France so he couldn’t be drafted.
This video mightve convinced me to play a Victoria 2 game as Portugal
You made me start up vic 2 again!
Give Vicky 3 a try sometime. It gets better every month.
@@edmundduke1296And maybe in a few years if they add significant amounts of flavour and completely re-do the terrible war system they have in place, it'll live up to Vicky 2.
Cheers. It's a Great video that casts light on this critical history topic. I also enjoyed the video about the Rhodesian bush war, which is absolutely one of my favorites. The accurate and amazing art of your videos, the depictions of facts places, and people, and of course the weapons, the narration, the style everything else contribute to an enjoyable experience.
One thing should have been said, but it was not: yes, the Estado Novo denied political rights to the Portuguese African colonies - but the white population of Portugal was also denied the same political rights.
Portugal was, let's not forget, a dictatorship.
Im a Canadian of Portuguese parents. I have uncles that served in multiple theatres of those wars. Great video
Finally a video about the last colonial Empire and a forgotten war
New episodes been going hard, Keep it up!
I am obsessed with Portuguese history. Thank you for making this video
My grandpa fought in this war (as did so many other grandparents here in Portugal). In his case, it was in Mozambique where he spent most of the war; and while he never told me much about the war itself (and I never tried to force him to talk about it), he did tell me about how he and his buddies, with the war finished and waiting to go home, spent their last days on a "safari" of sorts, looking for and photographing every wild animal they could - elephants, lions, crocodiles... He loved those creatures, so different from what he saw in Portugal and knew that there was no going back to that land and that, with him living in a remote village in the North, far away from Lisbon, where there was the only zoo in Portugal, that would likely be his last chance to see them. He still remembers them fondly (contrary to the dictatorship, with him referring to Salazar as "filho da puta!" ("motherfucker") at dinner, when the topic arises.
Thank you for this video and for shedding light on this often forgotten (maybe even here in Portugal) conflict.
Thankful for your grandpa's service
Thank you for doing a video on one of the most underrated wars of all the 3 stages of decolonization.
Good of you to note "Portugal´s Vietnam" but some of the things you claim are not true or are simply missing.
On a side note:
South Africa and Rhodesia were Portuguese Allies they actively supported Portuguese Operations troughout the War.
SAAF Helicopters assisted numerous operations.
Portugal also assisted Rhodesia in their movements to break free from Britain.
It is widely accepted by Historians by a vast majority that militarily the War was won in Angola and Mozambique by 1973, while a stalemate existed in guinea and all our posessions in Asia with the exception of Macau and Timor were lost in 1961.
"militarily the War was won"
wdym bro, they kicked us out in a war of atrition, they achieved their goal and the estado novo lost.
Why does your little portuguese pride gotta require you make up some copium logic so that you can tell yourself that Portugal is great and that Portugal won at something.
@@artonio5887 Its accepted by Historians everywhere that the several guerrila groups had been sucessfully contained in Angola and Mozambique but lost in Guinea.
So a military Victory was indeed achieved in Angola and Mozambique. Popular unrest in Portugal and armed forces officers´discontent led to the Carnation Revolution wich then led to the withdrawal from our colonies in Africa.
It´s not "coping", its facts...
Africa was our "Vietnam" and like the Americans events at home dictated the course of the War, a defeat, in both cases
My Point, and an accepted one is that Portugal lost the war even though it had triumphs in the field. why is this so hard to understand
Amazing video! ❤️
Espn FC will still find a way to blame Cristiano Ronaldo even here.
Underrated 😂😂
Penaldo is worth the blame. It’s like playing with one man down. Everyone knows he’s a drama queen.
😭🙏🏽
Where was he during the conflict? And why his African island still part of Portugal? I have no option but to agree with ESPN
Fora Ronaldo
It is crazy how good these animations have become. Anyways, thanks for uploading, Mr Johnson.
Fun fact: Salazar Slytherin in Harry Potter was named after António de Oliveira Salazar
Been waiting for this one
Love the vids ❤
Great documentary, accurate and extremely informative 👌🏾
Thank you sir!!! I am super gratefull that you made a video about our history!
Can we have a video about the brusilov offensive or Russian civil war? I feel like Russia between 1914-1923 is just talked about too little
You're right, the absolute craziness that was eastern europe and the middle east from 1918-1922 were absolutely crazy
Hello from Russia. There is an university dedicated to Ilyin - russian pro-nazy philosopher, and russia is the country that claims to fight fascism in Ukraine)))))
@@Maliers Yeah, it was absolute chaos then, especially in eastern Europe
Like there was the Ukrainian People’s Republic fighting for independence
And a West Ukranian people’s Republic
And a Belorussian People’s Republic
So on and son.
I feel like anything outside the western front is covered too little. Gallipoli is famous but no one actually covers the details. The ottomans collapsed because of a middle eastern front that is practically unknown outside of Lawrence of Arabia. Russias Turkish front, Austrian front and Baltic front is ignored as well, once Tannenberg is mentioned nothing is really talked about after until Russias collapse
@@generaltom6850the Belarusian People's Republic still has a government in exile
It's good so see a video from this channel about this war. Even in Portuguese history class, the topics of this conflict are very on the surface level. Also, one of my grandfathers served in Guinea and came back from there sick on board an hospital ship but that's all I know. My father once told me my grandfather never liked to share much about it. I am yet to try to ask it myself. Once again, thanks for making a video about this War.
Sniper TF2 in the thumbnail
Cool lesson ❤
you didn't have to put sniper tf2 on the thumbnail 💀
These videos never fail to teach me something new🎉
What’s really weird is all day I was thinking how cool it’d be if you made this video, and then you did…. I’m scared…
This is Fr
We got a psychic right here
Made my day seeing this video pop up on my feed
THANK YOU!
This subject is soooo underrated. It's good to know you posted this!❤
Waited a good 2 months 🙏
there was a series of errors, a few i noticed: South Africa and Rodesia supported Portugal, they started supporting UNITA only after the portuguese left in 1975. And Portugal wasn't actually struggling in Angola since the independence movements were more focused in attacking each other than the portuguese.
They struggled don't lie. How do you think you lost
also "Flechas" while used in Mozambique, they were initially deployed and mostly used in Angola.
While Angola independence was in 1975 the war pretty much ended after the 25 of April of1974 revolution in Portugal, so it's a bit misleading talking about Cubans, south africans and soviets during the independence fighting since they never fought the portuguese. Quinfango also, the portuguese stopped fighting after the 25 April revolution in 74... the last thing they wanted to is to get killed in a territory they were leaving.
@@caven7056 we "lost" because of the carnation revolution, 1974, when we gave independence to these territories.
@@francisco_colimao lol you think you gave the independence?
Carnation revolution next!
My grandfather fought in Angola as a Recon Paratrooper, I have little detail on this story since I have little contacts with him, but apparently he got shot there
Great video !
Wondering about the French Algiers war.
Came across your channel at some point last year and this is another good and interesting video. Would be interesting to see the scramble for Africa from the French, German and Belgian perspectives given there’s already one on the channel from the British perspective.
Hi @TheArmchairHistorian , great video as usual!
I was wondering how you make your maps and animations - a good chunk of my audience would love to know how.
Thank you
While this video provides an insightful overview of the decline of the Portuguese Empire in Africa, I believe the title should reflect its actual focus and be renamed to "Decline of the Portuguese Empire in Africa." The video primarily discusses the African colonies, completely underplaying and neglecting the significant Portuguese territories in Asia, such as Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Macau, and Timor.
The decline of the Portuguese colonial empire actually began with the liberation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in the early 1950s. This liberation marked the beginning of the end for Portuguese colonial rule, which spread to Goa, the crown jewel of the empire, in 1961. The liberation of Goa was a significant turning point, and it indirectly ignited the movements for independence in African colonies.
It's crucial to recognize that the decline of the Portuguese Empire was a global phenomenon, not confined to one continent. By focusing solely on Africa, the video diminishes the importance of other territories that also played a pivotal role in the empire's downfall. If you think Guinea-Bissau was neglected, take a look at Timor, which faced its own unique struggles.
A more comprehensive analysis would include the interconnectedness of these global events, showing how the liberation movements across various Portuguese colonies collectively led to the empire's decline. This broader perspective provides a more accurate and complete understanding of the end of the Portuguese Colonial Empire.
Goa was not a colony.....thus was the delcine in Angola in 1970.....lol and I can show also the decline in Mozambique and in Goa lol ua-cam.com/video/33x7u7Ijm7Y/v-deo.html
Portugal also had Goa in India till after independence from the British and refused to give it up. The Indian army had to forcibly take Goa in 1961
India invaded and occupied a foreing territoire withtout declaration of war....using 50.000 men against 3.500....
Finally, thanks so much?
Good video.
As Portuguese, I say you did a good job with this video!
Keep it up!
People in Angola, Guinea, Mozambique , S, Tomé, Cape Vert, lived much better in the times of the Portuguese Empire than now. Economy was better, infrastructures, public services, cities and towns were very cleaned, there was security.
Then, countries " from the singging tomorrows " as Soviet Union and Cuba, helped the "black brothers " to liberate there nations from the fascists , imperialists , slavists, capitalists, misogynistic and nazis ( as they used to call the portuguese ).
Now, those independent countries are in a complete misery, rulled by despotic dictators with incredible fortunes.
Meanwhile, Soviet Union has disapeared and Cuba is what it is...
0:01
The map is wrong, Greater Togo was a German colony, not a British one…
not anymore after 1918
Im a portuguese student, and maybe 2 months ago, i was doing a presentation with the same topic as this video, great video.
YOOOOO I'VE BEEN WAITING FOR THIS FOR YEARS LESS GOOOO
But seriously, thanks for doing this! Portuguese history is very overshadowed and i love to see my country getting the recognition it deserves!
Salazar made Portugal economically rich during his reign, but the accumulated wealth was spent on senseless colonial wars instead of internal development. 😢
Portugal wasn't rich, he merely turn around the decline.
not true at all.....Portugal´s economy had their best result precisely during the colonial war....
Rich ... yeah ... for who? Not for the vast majority of the population who lived in squalor without access to basic sanation, health or education. Forced to abandon education to work the fields and the mines to reinforce their family's income, or sent to die in a pointless war oversees for the profits of our corporate overlords. Hunted by the PIDE, always fearfull of being told on to the police by your neighbours and friends. That's the reality of the Estado Novo regime. Maybe do a less fantasizing about fascists and talk to real portuguese men and women who lived outside of Porto and Lisbon during that time.
@@br3menPT Right until Portugal couldn't steal from their colonies anymore.
@@marcel-ifc17 poor darling...Thats all you know about it?? "steel the colonies" LOL...educate yourself
Both my grandfathers were conscripted into the Portuguese army. Luckily they were both asigned in non-combat roles so none of them got maimed or killed in this pointless war. One of them had the job of getting supplies of food and medicine to the troops.
Thank you for a well researched video. Many of us from the former Portuguese colonies grew up with stories of what it was like to live under the regime and the struggles for indepence and many are still live to tell their stories
Think you can make a separate video in the future about the Estado Novo?
My bois the armchair historian has uploaded a new video my bois!
Let's go! Thanks for the content and incredible illustration.
Thank you, we worked hard to get this out.
@@ghost7344 thank you for the hard work. Keep it up 💪
The Portuguese Empire truly ended when it handed over Macau to China in 1999. And until the 1950s, Goa in India was also Portuguese and there was war there and the Portuguese were always few, ,and the dictator Salazar abandoned them to their fate, they left the place and lost it. EastTimor, which is close to Indonesia, was also Portuguese and they were bombed by the Japanese there. And in 1975 when Timor gained its independence, in the same year Indonesia invaded Timor and banned the Timorense people from speaking Portuguese! That's why only older Timorese speak Portuguese. And it was only in the 90s that they were freed with a lot of well-deserved help from the Portuguese. Not in war of course, but in sanctions and other things against Indonesia. And by the way, there was also Cape Verde and São Tomé and Principe, but there was no revolution or war, they just gained independence and it was the right thing to do.
Angola é nossa.
E a tua mãe também.
I’m not sure if this is a major correction, but Portugal did use a lot of old WW2 gear prior to the start of the conflict. German and Italian weapons from WW2 were used until better weapons were available by the late 1960s
Portugal used weapons from USA France Germany UK and NATO
Éra militar graduado e fui um dos intervenientes nessa guerra colonial mais precisamente em Moçambique, passei posteriormente pela revolução dos cravos em 25 de Abril de 1974 . Uma guerra de guerrilha é sempre difícil de combater, estava no cumprimento do serviço militar e como todos fui obrigado a ir para aquela frente de combate . Portugal já fazia parte da OTAN mas ninguém nos apoiava à excepção da antiga Rodésia e África do Sul.
não está legal, em guiné-bissau, muito menos na rodésia...
africa do sul, pegue o sangue azul, mande para as cucuias!
tim maia
ttttttttttwtwtwt
MY SUGESTIONS WAS REALISED!
Average african lore:
-get colonised
-gets independance ( everyone happy)
- *civil war*
Unfortunately but true nonetheless, they all seem to either stay in a civil war for a long period of time or have another civil war in less than a decade.
- millions die
- elite gets massively rich
- 99% of the people stays dirt poor
Civil war lasts 200 years
"everyone happy" so naive......there was 3 times more black soldiers fighting for the portuguese flag, than for the independence movements....
@br3menPT this is why I said "average african lore"
OUR JOURNEY TO VICTORY HAS BEGUN
My Great Great Grandfather was a professor in Huambo (Angola), and lives there a few years with my Great Grandmother, and my Cousin fougth in Angola in the Combatentes, Paraquedistas regiment, I am pround to be portuguese and all of my history country.
I am Angolan. My grandfather fought in Angola but he stayed and married a northern woman in Luanda. I am a mestiço so we are small here but ironically theres more Portuguese people now than in 1960s because of new oil profits. Thing is theres about 5x more Africans so 400,000 doesn’t seem like a lot anymore
A video about Balkan wars please
They attacked the other Guinea🇬🇳 instead of Guinea Bissau 🇬🇼 like why 😭 what did guinea do 🇬🇳 ?
hello???? they were supporting attacks against Portuguese territoire.....
As a portuguese man who lives in Angola this video is incredible, the way you explained it made it much more interesting then when I was taught this is school
If I recall correctly, the US had an agreement if Portugal that if they let the allies use some island they would help defend the Portuguese colonies. What made them do the opposite and support rebels against Portugal?
They supported the rebels because the rebels traded their natural resources for weapons.
not true at all.....there was not any agreement with USA about the portuguese oversea territoires
@@br3menPT I watched a video explaining why nobody attacked Portugal and they mentioned that. But it it in Portuguese. ua-cam.com/video/1DByCO4IafA/v-deo.htmlsi=bjXs6bJJ3AcXcnNg
@@br3menPT As far as I know, president Kennedy started some campaigns to support decolonisation movements around the world, including Portugal. To avoid that and maintain colonial possessions, Salazar threatened not to renew the agreement that would be in force at the Lajes Base, Azores, that serves as a strategic point for the United States for having control over the Atlantic. The high positions of the US army were forced to inform the Kennedy administration about the importance of the agreement with Portugal in the face of the conflict with the USSR. So, Salazar, through diplomacy, managed to maintain colonial possessions, against the USA will.
Awesome, i have been waiting for this 😊.
good choice of topic, can you do an unbiased version?
I'm a huge fan of this channel. Being portuguese, I've been hoping for a video on this subject for ages. This was really well done, thank you
The end of Portuguese colonialism was a disaster for Africa. The newly independent African nations immediately adopted Marxist economics which bankrupted their tiny economies, infighting led to all out civil war , anyone seen as remotely aligned with the old Portuguese regime was slaughtered, and dictators soon emerged to gobble up their national scant resources and wealth. After 500 years of Empire, Africa was finally free of their old rulers only to fall into what it had always been: a region of genocidal tribal warfare, misery, and zero development.
EVIL never wins
EVIL??😂😂 this is the portuguese heritage that african destroyed ua-cam.com/video/33x7u7Ijm7Y/v-deo.html
It does though. Plenty of communists did win as we saw in this video.