Brushless DC Motor, How it works ?
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- Опубліковано 5 чер 2024
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The working of a BLDC motor is explained in this video with help of animation.
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I love the way we make the new thing the best thing ever. I've got a 47 year old Kirby vacuum on my work bench, and while its commutator is a bit worn, it still runs great, plenty of power, no sparking. You can tell its been worked hard. It is beat up, chipped, and worn out, but the motor is still fine. This is the second 1970 Kirby Classic Omega I've had in six months that is worked to death, but still running. Meantime, I've also got my second six year old Rainbow E2 sitting on the floor here with a motor that is toast after having a blade come loose in the cord, and fry the circuit board. Nevertheless, "a carbon brush motor should never be used where long life and reliability is a necessity." It is a lot easier and cheaper to replace carbon brushes than it is to replace brushless motors and circuit boards. In fact, replacing the entire motor is cheaper on the carbon brush motor.
Thanks for unbiasedly explain this. Everywhere else I looked were talking about RC vehicles.
That is because these motors are extremely popular in rc cars and quadcopters, as they are much more powerful than their brushed counterparts.
+RC Central Is that because brushes add weight ? making power / weight smaller ?
+Tkj Tkj na. I'm a RC hobbyist so I understand this. One benefit is you can seal it off and waterproof it, another you can maintain easily, also they use 2 positives and 1 negative in the motor for increased magnetism, and therefore increased RPM
if it breaks, its likely the bell that needs to be replaced (the part with the permanent magnets) so you don't have to throw away the whole motor
PABLO ARVE
U ARE THE ONLY DUDE WHO CAN EXPLAIN THIS STUFF WITHOUT SCREWING ME UP THANKS U SAVE LIVES!!
Excellent video. I've looked all over for a video that can easily explain the difference between brushed and brushless motors, and you have done so perfectly. It makes perfect sense now! Thank you!
Awesome! You guys rock! Thanks for making this and sharing it with the world on UA-cam! Really helps me study my EE.
Amazing explanation and animation at the same time. The optimum way of teaching.
Thanks for producing such videos that enable a layman to understand the basics.
Finally a well made video explaining these motors. Thank you!
Excellent video! I was writing an article about a controller upgrade for an e-bike with a brushless hub motor, and this is exactly what I was looking for. Unfortunately, it seems the timing is off on the controller I'm using and the coils are energized too long, causing the motor to fight itself and drawing high power at higher RPM. Sort of like a relay race where the runner passing the baton won't let go soon enough! Thanks again for the video.
I could not understand how bldc is dc powered drive motor?.... while the inverter make dc supply changes to ac please explain
@Altema22 Sir/Madam, please guide me on this project. I'm a grade 10 Indian student who is trying to electrify my MTB. My design allows me to use gears while running on E energy. I have no idea about the circuits. I need to know what kind of a controller will I need to run the hub motor?
If I'm using a DC motor, what motor i.e. what power rating should it have?
Thanking you in anticipation.
28/07/2022.
just to say, your channel is great. It helps a lot to quite understand how this components work, not just to understand but to visualise them. Great work and keep it up. (y)
Thank you. I have been wondering about this for a while.
It now makes sense why it has three input wires
Finally the video I've been looking for I understand the basics now
I *did* have a nice introduction on the working of BLDC motors. Thank *you*! ;)
Brilliant work guys...I loved each electrical and mechanical videos you made...
thank you and keep up your excellent work.
as i 've completed my third year in electrical engineering studying machines i never got this like now, big thanks.
Thanks so much! Best explanation of this concept I’ve seen yet!!!
So technically a BLDC is a Three-Phase AC Motor. And a Three-Phase AC Motor is a continuously rotating Stepper Motor.
@@CasamTheAnimator Heh, seeing your reply was very gratifying since I'm pretty new to electrical application theory and suspected the comment you replied to was inaccurate, yet lack that firm foundation -> confidence I require to refute pretty much any inaccurate statements, even on YT comment threads! Lol, I don't give 2 craps either way though; I just enjoyed knowing I applied something I learned via critical-thinking without straining my neurons & did so pretty reflexively for that matter...
Yeah. It produces alternating poles at each coil so it's basically AC. The only difference is it runs on a DC power supply. So it's "rectified" twice, from AC, to DC, back to "AC".
This is true, but you can run BLDC motors on 3-phase AC too. The pulsed DC basically emulates a 3-phase AC waveform, but at a much higher frequency.
@@LoganT547 But the DC Motor has an ECU/ESC to 1) make the phases and 2) control the motor more precisely so it doesn’t get stuck in the middle of operation.
ElectroBOOM has made a video trying to see rotating magnetic fields using a sheet of magnetic paper and also using LEDs.
Anyways, he ran a BLDC motor using Three-Phase AC but he said it required commutation otherwise it will just get stuck and vibrate between two angles.
Yes but no, because ac motor does not require a magnet and works on a slightly different law and the design is also different
I live these informative videos! Thank you Learn Engineering!
Simple yet beautiful explanation. You made my day !
thank you man, your videos become easy to show how it really work. Once again thank you
Girls: I want to buy the new Brushless hair dryer.
Boys: searching youtube on how it works
Very well explained.
In a way, one coil is a carrot in front of the donkey's nose and another coil is a stick up the donkey's asymptote.
You can't say, "asymptote."
@@stevejordan7275
You don't say... humpf...
Anyway I didn't, I rote it, trying to be punny.
Great educational video. And people wonder why I spend so much time on youtube when there's great content like this.
best explanation - short, clear and simple. Saw about half a dozen other videos that got me more confused and took half hour +
0:21 DC, 1:15 BLDC, 2:35 3-phase, 4:07 hall SensorThanks.
DC = Direct Current
BLDC = Brushless DC Motor
3 phase = 3 different conductors to create different magnetic fields
Hall sensor = a sensor that changes voltage based on magnetic forces
@@borisgraell Exactly
Thank you for clarifying the video; you did a better job than the creators in explaining it...
2:35 bldc will do the same thing controller will control it instead of 3 phase electricity.
Great video, well explained.
I'd like to add machines dont know or decide anything, they function, like.... a machine.
Extremely effectively explained video!! Thank you.
it is well explained in a simple way ! I have been searching for months something that explains it simply , and it is the only video that is clear and simple to understand, just knowing the basic stuff (opposite poles attract, coils crossed by an electric current create a magnetic field, and just it i think ?)
One thing not mentioned, the multi phase current drive for the stator coils as well as critical control and sensing functions are all done by a single fly sized integrated circuit, which is a true marvel of electronic miniaturization itself.
Do you know how many transistors are packed into a typical CPU?
@@TheUtuber999 Why is that relevant?
@@Benthorpy because at the end any microchip integrated circuit which processes any thing usually consists of anywhere between thousands to millions or even few billions of very very small sized transistors.
@@organicfarm5524 ph pu
Great video! One question: When you have everything connected, do you leave the third coil floating, or what way to you make sure, which way the current runs?
Nope, you have 3 wires, 1 per phase you will have a set of mosfets that will allow you to decide which coil gets the higher potential and which one has the lower (or ground), and that's it... the current will flow from high to low.
Thanks for the video! I thought I knew how they worked, but turns out I only knew part of it
thank you so much, your videos always save me many time! I think it works the same for everyone else to. Nice work!
Can u upload a video on working of inverter?
Cool! Now I understand how my drone motors turn its propellers. 😃
Thanks for another class my teacher.Thank you for sharing your time and knowledge ...
Excellent presentation, and contained quite a few details I didn't know. Thank you.
Cool, sharing on FB for my dozens of fans to see...
+toodle171 Thank you !
Dozens.. Oooh.. I'm kidding. It was extremely well put together and I'm sharing in with no one because lets face it. .01% of people could give two shits about this motor design.. All they care is when they push a button it works extremely well.
Pun intended?
toodle171
NvgfrrFCFCFFCIv utoodle171 M cc
Thank you for sharing knowledge
شكرا على المعلومات القيمة
Thanks for the clear animation.
Thanks for this explanation!! I finally got the idea how to make less noisy DC motors xD
thank you sir !!!
Eh bang cgit
Bang sigit
Ai ada bang cgit
on my oral exam, i told my examinor about the donkey end carrot....
i failed
Looks like what you want is *just* out of reach NDABEZITHA :(
Donkey and carrot seems me more applicable to brushed motor, where the move changes the coil polarity.
Brushless need a external agent (like a ESC driver) to change the coil polarity.
Change the coil polarity is like move the carrot few ahead.
(sorry any mistake. brasilian here, trying to improve my english)
@omkar shinde 😂
It doesn't work when it's your best statement lol
Mmm, who's the donkey? lol
ขอบคุณมาก
เพิ่งจะเข้าใจการทำงานของ BL motor.
very easy to understand.. thank you for you give the important information for us.
plz release videos on theorems too like hopkin's back-to back,field test e.t.c., and it,s really a good job in releasing videos like these..
So instead of brush, electronics is doing the switching.
Simple!!!
This is the first UA-cam on brushless DC motors that I have understood.
Brilliant!... Thank you so much for putting such a smart video on line....
brush motors shouldn't be used where reliability or efficiency is important aka: consumer electronics...
2Awesome my mom has an electric mixer with a brush motor, but it has been running reliably for a very long time, and the brushes look they could go another decade. (I had to take it apart, but that's another story)
Brodo Faggins Nh
@growlingbehemoth Sorry, but that's not how the world works
@growlingbehemoth To think that planned obsolescence is real is to doubt the existence of competition in the market, which is quite unbelievable.
@@matthewprather189 Yes, it does.
I easily understood the working principle of brushless dc motor
Excellent explanation!!! Thanks for taking effort.
Animation is excellent and very easy to under stand. Nice Job...
I think it's similar to the operation of 3-phase synchronus motors, right ?
3-Phase synchronous motor is a collective term which refers to reluctance motors und 3 phase permanent magnet motors. The later being a synonym for brushless dc.
The difference is normal synchronous motors have coils in the rotor (and brushes), while BLDC motors have permanent magnets.
BLDC is often used in powerful cordless tools, because with brushed universal motors they tend to get hot at the brushes (because of the low voltage, and high currents) and are inferior when they have to supply much power for a longer time.
Normal synchronous motors are often used as generators in power plants, because they can adjust power output by the power put in the rotor coils, and in car alternators (which are technically similar to generators in power plants, only in a much smaller scale).
Here is a simple answer. BLDC is a synchronous motor and the name is derived because of the behavior of the motor which is very similar to a DC motor.
Operation is same but in construction it is different bldc is modified form of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Please, may I ask you what drawing program have you used to draw the graphycal animations?
Thank you! Good explanation,easy to understand .
4:36 everytime I heard Lesics's gratitude at the ending:
"No, I thank YOU"
3:49 Whien? XD
When to energize coil A B C depending on the position of the rotor
como é o esquema de cores para ligação deste motor ? GFH2G5 ??
Sensacional! Simplesmente incrível explicação!
Very informative, and clear, thanks sir.
Would be faster if you keep adding more magnets
Negative it would be more powerful if you used more wire in the windings. The speed is controlled by the electronic speed control device (esc), the motor can not go fast or slow without the esc however it can be potentially more powerful.
More magnets will interfere with the coils
Can't find any information on the site mention in the video about BLDC motors. I needed more information about their circuit,
aqswaflo Please check our website after one week. We will add a webpage version of it.
Learn Engineering What about nanotechnology and engineering?
It will take a lot of time to make a video on nano technology.
Imagine graphene or carbon nanotube motors.Learn Engineering
It will be interesting to see mechanical engineering taking advantage of nanomaterials.Learn Engineering
thank you so much on this beautiful simulation. you make my all simster easy!!!! realy love you guys!!!!
Don't thank us. Its we who have to thank you!
This intro is incomplete. Most BLDCs used in drones for example are the "sensorless" type motors where the rotor position is sensed using back-EMF from the already spinning rotor.
Really?
That was my first guess as to how the driver knew the rotor position. But how does it bootstrap when it's not running?
why not use induction motor?
TheTwoFailerLP how would u use induction motor in drone for example?
Because it’s dc power. You don’t have to convert power back to Ac. Great little motors for electronics.
marko lukić or in a notebook or PC?
Best Explanation. Thank you.
lol nice, the Donkey diagram actually helped me
Animation isn't°exactly correct. The angle between rotor and stator flux should be keep in range 60-120°. Animation shows that angle is in range 90-180° which cause high torque ripple and low efficient motor operation.
MrLovasivan At 4:30 I disagree with the blue indicating arrows on upper or left section of both A & B. I must be misunderstanding what is being indicated. Help? Thanks. (I'm taking notes & duplicating the drawings, but I don't understand the coil connections at this point. Maybe if I smack it around in my mind a bit I'll see it. ? ...)
I don't see the connection very well too, but I can say that there are 3 couples of coils, so 1 is connected to another one.
Two pairs of coils are connected such that the current goes through a first pair, then another!
I don't know if I answer your question , but that's what I understood
@Sinawo Nomandela well it is not an english class bro.
@Sinawo Nomandela Are you a grammar nazi ? :-) Are you here only to teach english?
It looks like a 3 phase induction motor, just phased differently and has a permanent magnet rotor.
leerman22 😉😁😋😃😎😋🙂☺😙😑😑☺🙂😎🤗😍😍😍😍😍😎
It's not it's a modified version of permanent magnet synchronous motor
thank you ,for this awesome video
Wow! Thank you so much for explaining this because I could not understand the actual mechanism
Now, I need to find out how the electronics control the motor..
Lol that's the hardest part of creating a brushless DC motor
Brushless is a really nice improvement over traditional motor design. Hopefully, the electronic systems are built to last.
With the help of esp we can control the motor speed
Does anyone know the software that is used to illustrate this?
Asking the real questions.
Gort Newton Its Carrara 8
Carrara 8!! I used Carrara 5.1 for a year and it can't do anything near this quality. Carrara must have changed lots. Thank you for letting me know.
Gort Newton Its amazing program i use it alot as..NP
looks like he used CREO parametric, we've been using the 3.0 to design similar parts in our engineering class, but I don't know how he put the parts in motion,
honestly when I saw just 4:39 Len video I thought that this will not explain it in detail but it clear my all doubts thanks to creator great work.....
Incredible!! Thank you so much!! God bless you guys!!!
i dont get on what happened on 3:18 why did you put another wire?
focus on how it is eneriezed. notice the plus and minus signs. this will indicate the current flow and. Also notice there are only 3 wires coming out of the motor. that's why it's called a 3 phase motor. I guess you could have more phases. My knowledge is also extremely low on how they are actually commutated but i would like to learn how it works.
Again, its just a way to simplify the energizing of the electromagnet. its easier to enrgize 1 thing and not 2
How do you switch the direction of the DC currents to make different polarity in order to achieve this dynamic state?
H-Bridge
Through transistors they act like little switches.
@ima hinasyon you can do this with an h-bridge of mosfets to redirect current to the opposite direction using a microcontroller to read the hall effect sensor for timing and send signals triggering the mosfets to do the redirects
Not really DC, but rather just a synchronous motor, with permanent rotor. (rotor-stator, does not matter)
František Němeček yeah it is really a dc motor. it has to have a controller to alternate the current to the correct coils to make it work. it is not an ac current.
***** What the electronic controller does with the DC power is exactly the transformation to AC - no matter the AC is not sinus, but rectangular.
And even better: It is not jus single rectangle -+-+-, of two ALTERNING states (of a single phase-wire), but in fact three states" +0-0+0-0... So what it makes is in fact a simple rectangular aproximation to the sinus shape.
Just look on the charts within the video: It makes its own AC phases to power up the motor and to create the rotating magnetic field. Just the 3-phases wiring as usual from powerplants.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter#Modified_sine_wave
because if the motor without driver. it will useless. so you can image the brushless motor and driver is 1 part. and the power for it is DC.beside, the Ideal for bldc is brushed dc motor.so...yeah. if you thinking about you can put the 3 phase ac to it and it still run. yes if you look this side the motor will call "PMSM". 2 of them are correct for this one.they are not the same but really hard to separate them.sorry if i wrong english too much.haha
Fran..are you a nat strainer?
Nguyễn Hoàng Anh Vũ I think there is no difference between what kind of power you provide BEFORE the inverter. Inverter produces AC. And PMSM will not work without a controller and hall sensors as well! So what’s the difference between PMSM and BLDC? BLDC can also work on sinusoidal AC. What’s the difference then?
Really enjoyed, used to build advanced bloc motors for small research company
Thanks for producing such videos
excellent explanation ... thanks
Maybe i shouldnt have done so many bongs when i was younger, i am baffled
Lost the plot at 1:16 will have to go back to collage.
Excellent. Very comprehensive explanation
I looked for many explanations and this one was best thank you
Eppurdra 🤒
Punda
Enna thala
Punda Thala
🤣🤣🤣🤣
A current that is shifting is not a DC current. Its electrics 101.... A brushless DC motor is not a DC motor at all, its AC motor that uses a inverter.
There is not really a need for a sensor, even that a lot of motors have it. Running on dead rekening work quite well, at least in the medium RPM levels.
I agree this is defiantly three phase AC motor
A brushed DC motor also switches the current around in the coils. So they are AC motors, right?
Sorry, but you have no idea what you are talking about.
Yeah, a brushed motor uses a commutator, so even though it is internally AC, it is supplied by a DC voltage.
brushless motors are also supplied direct current
Where can I take electrics 101 sounds like a pretty useful and enlightening class?
This is such a great video!
amazing video. helped me understand, thanks guys!
Just use 3 phase ac to power the coils and you'll get a nice RMF. No need for a controller (inverter). Also, while we're at it, can we stop calling it "bushless dc"? This is clearly an ac motor...
It is supplied with dc thus it is a dc motor. If you are a user you don't care how it is work, only power type, and torque, speed characteristics matter.
xoOPhoenixOox its hard put 12V, 3 phase current on a motherboard.
Thank you so much for this clear explanation!
thank you that was a big help for me.
One of the usefull and techincally it is correct video in youtube. Can you make a dynamo presentation like this on AC and DC
Great video,all is clear
Thans a lot ! Excellent explanation, video and audio.
The videos r really good. Contains lot of informations.
Plz add some more videos related to electrical engineering
nice tool..... this is quiet important to keep a very good performance in the continuing knowledge.
Awesome first introduction. Thank you
super very very very interesting thank you for this video actually I have doubts regarding like this stepper motor but I lost all the doubts because of this thank you for making videos all the best you have helped me a lot again I am saying thank you please make this kind of videos more and more your explanation is nice most of the videos I have no explanation so you have explain well and ifeel all understood this if you have any doubt on your video section I will drop it in comment box
Decent Elementary Description with graphics IMO it teaches the basics and the overall Principle i’m 60 years of age and this technology would had been nearly a Miracle years ago
Nicely and neetly explained not too technical well done.