Wow, that’s my grandfather in between Homi Bhabha and Jawaharlal Nehru in the thumbnail! Dr. Nuthakki Bhanu Prasad who worked on India’s first nuclear energy reactors and then later was chairman of ONGC, where under his leadership Bombay High was discovered and then operationalized in record time!
+1 as it actually showed that we developed nukes much much earlier than we actually started making it for military purposes. Most of the other coverage on this issue is about 98 tests, but they seem to overlook the foundation of the technology we developed.
@@clutternutjack3995 It gets difficult when people are not committed to the truth, there sticking to the presented facts have risks and have corrupted intentions or conflicting interests.
Not just. His coverage of eastern european development is top notch. I'm genuinely impressed with the details he presented there, as very few people even in the region know of them. I can only imagine the amount of research that goes into this. I like to call him the Perun of tech because of this.
30:30 Shastri's death is not as simple as a heart stroke. The story behind his death is bit complicated because he died during a peace negotiations meeting with Pakistan in Tashkent (now capital of Uzbekistan) which was very suspicious news for many indians.
There is an error in this video. The US sent the Task force 74 to evacuate Pakistani forces from east Pakistan in the event of ceasefire. In reality it was to discourage India from participating in penetrating offensives into west Pakistan. The soviets deployed their nuclear submarine to match this show of force in support of india.
Absolutely. I was really dissapointed when he got that so wrong and showed the US in a good light which it does not deserve for supporting a genocide. I used to think this channel is a neutral, reliable source of historical and other information. Not from now on.
At a time in the epoch of Buddha, the ancient kingdom of Magadh launched a war of conquest over its neighbour Vaishali. While Magadh was the usual monarchy that built a big army and collected the weapons for the assault, Vaishali was some kind of an anarchic street democracy where people spent all their time arguing over whether to fight, how to fight, who will fight. Sure enough, Magadh annihilated and massacred poorly armed Vaishali. When the news got to a meditating Buddha, it seems, he frowned in disapproval. Meaning that to keep the peace, a kingdom has to be fully prepared for war
@@rohandalvi6476 Your comment should be pinned so that everyone watching the video would understand why it was called "Smiling Buddha". Vaishali was the capital of Vajji which was a powerful kingdom and had democratic rule.
@@chetan_naikIt's about organization , not democracy or autocracy. The fact that democratic states were better organized in WW2 was one of the reasons for their victory
I just want to clarify that if the reactor is built sufficiently safe, there is no danger swimming around the top of the reactor pool. Radiation does not penetrate all of the water in the pool. I'm not recommending everyone go try it but scientifically, the math checks out.
During college days in late 1990s we had an educational trip to BARC. We were able to climb up on Apsara reactor's platform and glance inside to see the atomic reaction taking place. It was a memorable experience. I asked scientist who was with us, if it was safe to be there. He replied in affirmative.
not riskier than standing over the water, or near it, but not safe. yes, alpha and beta radiation stopped by the water, and most of the gamma, but not all. of course since it is based on time, a few minutes of exotic swimming probably not a major risk, not more than a long flight or something similar.
During college days in late 1990s we had an educational trip to BARC. We were able to climb up on Apsara reactor's platform and glance inside to see the atomic reaction taking place. It was a memorable experience.
It is interesting that Tata, who had its name on a Nuclear Research Institute, named it later after Dr. Homi J Bhabha in his honour.. Without Bhabha sir, we as India would have been in deep trouble..😊
@@lucasremAQ Khan was more of a trouble for Pakistan than India after he sold nuke blueprints to North Korea & Iran. In fact Pakistan arrested him for nuclear theft after the CIA caught his shady business redhanded. 😂
When I lived in India I was always amazed at how children there were better at math than I was at 24. Many of the kids didnt even attend regular school. The Indian people are certainly one of the beautiful colors in the tapestry of "Man". Thank you for this, it was fascinating.
38:07 The US didn't stay out of the war because of the Chinese, there was a Soviet fleet (also nuclear armed) in the area and you can see that mentioned in the caption of the map. The Vietnam war was still ongoing and could have also been a factor.
I'm sure they did,, it's always struck me as incredibly frivolous and ultimately useless for the United States to have a no confirmation or denial policy on American surface warships, they all carry nuclear weapons simply because that's what they're for...
I remember the day and how Walter Cronkite looked when he read the announcement that India had become a nuclear power. My dad thought it was a one-off and that the Britts had given them a weapon as a way of messing with China and Russia. I didn't know any better, I was eleven years old. I wonder if that's how most Americans thought: that without the involvement and management of the West, India was incapable of building a device? The West underestimated the rest of the world far too often. Excellent work, BTW.
No disrespect to your father , if he is alive may he have good health and if he has passed away may he rest in peace , but your father was quite unaware. India and Russia were friends , tbh just more than friends. They gave us arms of every kind. By the seventies india seldom purchased weapons from Britain , it was all soviet . Not only taht, Soviets helped india in making dams , more than 5 steel planst.and almost every damn industrial setup . It was said in 70 s that even in a small town of India you could come across a Soviet expert of some sort be it a engineer, a agricultural scientist or any other kind. So india messing up with Russians was preposterous, as for china it's excatly opposite.
@hellomoto2084 I will be the first to admit to his cluelessness on most things, technical, social and political. He was a Southern US version of Archie Bunker and proud of it.
One of the greatest ironies of nuclear weapons is that their unmatched violent potential, being orders of magnitude greater than all previous weapons; it is entirely plausible that they have saved tens of millions of lives in wars both sides deemed unwinnable. With conventional wars, those making decisions could be reasonably assured of their own safety and well being whereas the opposite is true in the case of widespread nuclear exchange. I was aware of how India got the bomb but not the full history and context surrounding it. This was an incredibly well presented piece that did an incredible job of being as neutral and fair as reasonably possible.
Hmmm..🤔🤔. Agree and disagree. The deterrent effect of nuclear weapons has led to almost 80 years of peace between the great powers-so far agree. However, war has been subcontracted to allies of the great powers in Central America, Africa, the Middle East and South-East Asia-so I disagree.
Hence USA getting all sweaty when other try to make the nuclear bomb for their own protection. It dilutes imperialism and bullying capability of USA. Every country and its people are equally sovereign. USA has no right to create instability around the world. Rightfully, the world doesn't trust it anymore.
This is a frequently repeated assumption, without basis. As a matter of fact India is also proof against a related claim that's made wrt nuclear weapons - that they prevent wars between nuclear armed states. That has already happened. Pakistan and India have already fought a war after both had nuclear weapons. The nukes did nothing. Secondly don't underestimate the destructive potential of conventional weapons. The Rwandan genocide, for instance, saw a million people die from machetes and small arms.
@@FranzBieberkopf Disagree on the first point as well. We've already seen war between nuclear armed states - India and Pakistan fought despite both having nukes. Meanwhile nukes nearly plunged the world into armageddon during the Cuban Missile Crisis despite no active war between the powers involved at the time.
Props to Indira Gandhi for giving the go ahead. As flawed as many leaders ofter are, she often had bigger balls than many of the men who sat in the PM chair.
She had to, because China. She and her father are the chief reason for India's impotency post independence, be it with their adoption of Fabian system, letting go of India's territory without (thankfully Vallabhbhai Patel was alive to save India from him), or cozying up to and then partnering with Russia and the socialist bloc.
@@eJohndoeher father was responsible for the border conflict with China but she was able to keep China at bay when she was in power. I don't like IG at all because she was too authoritarian and normalised the kind of politics that the right wing is practicing now but in terms of war and foreign policy her tenure outshines all PMs.
@@YuruCampSupermacythe politics which the right wing is practicing now is not even 10% of authoritarian politics as was prevalent during Indira regime. See I like her foreign policy, and how she stood like that Iron woman in front of USA and literally divided Pakistan, our main enemy, into 2 halves. But her domestic policy was absolute BS. Forceful sterilization of millions, anti-Sikh approach the repercussions of which we can still see today, nationalization of literally all business which led to a collapse of private enterprises, banks etc. Authoritarianism right now isn't even 10% of the authoritarianism displayed during Indira regime. Overall her domestic policy was absolutely gutter but foreign policy was dope.
Wow! Meghnad Saha! As a fellow Bengali Indian, I am very happy you mentioned him. He founded the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics. But honestly I didn’t know he was a communist (I am not). I didn’t even know he became an MP. Thank you so much for the video!
মানবেন্দ্র নাথ রায় was also a Communist. However,, I have found in one of his writings that Revolutionaries {who opposed the Colonial rule} used to chant the slogan हर हर महादेव in our city of Kolkata during the years like 1905 and 1906 etc.. So much so that the *British **_Raaj_* even prohibited the usage of this slogan\chant on the streets of কলকাতা during those years like 1905 and 1908 and 1907 et cetera.
So much so,,,, that,, the British _Raaj_ even prohibited the usage of this slogan\chant *Harr harr Mahādeva* on the streets of কলকাতা during those years like 1905 and 1908 and 1907 etc∙. Har har Mahaadēv slogan\chant
And Gandhi's "Aggression" was set as 1 or 0 but in the code that somehow got translated to -1 which in the data type chosen basically dialed it up to 255 (8 bit max = 256 -1 = 255).
I was born, raised & have lived for more than 38 years just about 20 km away from BARC, in the same city, and this was all new info to me. Thanks a ton, Asianometry. You're really a star.
Mrs Gandhi ordered a test in 1974 because the US threatened India in 1971 with the 9th fleet. She made sure that no other threat would come to India in the future.
Yup you are correct 😅😂 and idoits in the WEST thinks India will side with NATO over China and Russia? I think not.... India will work their differences out with China but they know about the CORRUPTION of the WEST. India-Russia-China can stop the WESTERN IMPERIALISTS....
I did my graduation in political science and studied foreign policy, nuclear policy of India and it's history and I must say you researched it even better than our books. It is fascinating how my country thought about security and morality of things. It is truly an example of a deeply diverse society which also is cause for internal disunity on critical issues. Regardless I pray for my country's future as an ancient civilisation and a balance against all powers who strive to be a hegemon.
@@randomhuman5525 Maybe in it's region only from security lens. I doubt we will ever behave like typical superpowers by claiming unconstitutional land of our neighbours or support terrorist(I know we did support LTTE in 1980s under our dynastic party(Indian National Congress) but that party is gone and after our PM got assassinated we made firm policy to never support terrorists nor we shall talk to them ever for geopolitical reasons) or wage war on dubious beliefs. I think once India has more power it will just ignore most of the liberal rant from the west which is often patronizing and ensure no foreign power disturbs its neighbourhood like China has done.
This video sure was informative but it completely ignored the US interruptions in the test by the FBI and the support to Pakistan in the 1965 and 1971 war, which completely changed the wide picture of the intentions and reasoning of India's choices.
In 1961 or 62 the Soviet Union shipped an atomic test article to the PRC, also Soviet scientists worked closely with Chinese scientists on reactor and device plans until the Sino-Soviet split.
The Soviets weren't willing to answer anything but the most basic questions and in terms of searching for uranium ore, they actively steered the Chinese away from promising areas with granite to alluvial flood plains. The Soviets didn't really help them at all.
not really, the soviet while seemed to do so actually did more to steer the chinese away and make the chinese dependent on the ussr, they wanted the chinese to fail and ultimately be dependent on the soviet, this is one of the many reasons that eventually led up to the sino-soviet split. The soviets were not interested in letting the chinese become independent, whereas Mao at that time wanted to china to be more self-sufficient.
@@seitch1How much Russian tech transfer mattered is like asking how much the Soviet bomb program benefitted from espionage. The basic physics is well known, and the fact that someone had solved the engineering problem earlier is critical. without soviet help, prc wouldnt simply get there.
In Rocket Boys, Bhabha, played by Jim Sarbh, doesn't jump into the pool to celebrate, rather he he jumps into the pool to manually fix a technical problem faced by the reactor prior to its inauguration by the PM of India.
Dr bhabha is the reason india is here in nuclear and rocket technology People say that CIA was behind the bhabha's plane crash. We were Soviet Ally and USA never wanted a Soviet ally to get nuclear weapons. I don't know if it's true or not.
@@tejesheconomics4072 If you think opposing the idea of having a Nuclear bomb is same as being in cahoots with Russia and China to destroy India, then God save your IQ. And remember the very Russia (actually Soviet Union then) which you are accusing of conspiring against India had helped us Win the 1971 war. So, set you facts and mindset correct. Even Vikram Sarabhai, the father of Indian Space program initially opposed the idea, so was he trying to destroy India ? Just being associated with or influenced by communist ideology doesn't mean someone is anti national. The entire Judicial system is influenced by Socialist ideology. Does that mean they are anti India ? Well if one is hard core RW then he/she may say so. But that doesn't change the reality. Read about M. N. Saha. His contributions to the world of Science, eg. The famous Saha Ionisation Equation. I bet you didn't even know about him and started commenting like an illiterate fool.
@@Rabindra_ do you even know the man ? His contributions to Astrophysics ? How renowned he is or his contributions are ? You would've if you were a literate in real sense. Know about a person first, them judge him/her.
Meghnad Saha was NOT an ordinary scientist. He was a leading physicist of his time. His Saha ionization equation is still used to this day to calculate star spectrometry and particle density.
Jumping into reactor water is no big deal. In the Navy i have personally drank a small glass of primary coolant from there submarine reactor. 1200 rad count off the water and after i drank it, i had 300 count off my tongue. It was a tradition for new nukes once they got to the boat.
@@harsh3948 Yeah, all sorts of accidents with radiactive materials have just been covered up, along aliens at Area 51. There have been some, however kind of hard to keep irradiated military members quiet or the VA...
Fuel rod storage pools, due to the nature of water as a flux moderator, are actually (like any other pool) less radioactive than the concrete around them. These pools are also often maintained by SCUBA divers.
The tragic plane crash you mentioned which took away Bhabha from India was a CIA mission. None will accept it but you get the message from various inklings.
One small clarification the US and the UK sent their fleets to intervene For Pakistan and invade India then the USSR had stopped the 7th fleet from entering indian waters as per the indo-soviet treaty ,this is what was missed and pretty important other than that else was on point nice vid!
The revelation of Pakistan's path to obtaining nuclear weapons might potentially cast a rather unflattering light on the matter, rendering it an uncomfortable narrative for many Pakistanis.
The image used around 37:20 is distinctly not CV(A)N-65 Enterprise (Big E), but CVA-31 Bon Homme Richard (Bonny Dick). CV(A)N-65 has a distinct square island which separates her look from the longer rectangles of the later Nimitzes or her rough contemporaries in the Kitty Hawk and JFK Classes. I'd note that CVA-31 was off the WW2 era Essex class, and was only about a third of the displacement of the later nuclear powered ships. The second image shows Enterprise in a later configuration after she lost her large radar sets that dictated her island shape.
The USA conducted its early nuclear tests on its own soil but later ones on or near various Pacific islands that were under US control at the time and in one case on a satellite in orbit. The USSR conducted all of its tests, even the one that was equivalent to 50 megatons, on its own soil. France conducted all of its tests on Pacific islands that are under its control.
@@cedriclynchunder control is different from the own soil. That’s like saying British detonating something in India before independence and claiming they did it in the land under their control. We all know why they don’t do it in their own soil
Your diction is fantastic. I love how your videos are written, and the fact that the subtitles are, to the letter, to your delivery. Always so interesting too. A world that I would have no clue about without your videos. Thanks! 👍
Moral of the Smiling Buddha story: a democracy needs to be suitably armed to protect itself, else you end up like the kingdom of Vaishali did, getting invaded and being destroyed, making Buddha sad. Also stated in modern parlance as "freedom isn't free, it must be protected.." And when you do that, the Buddha smiles.
Vaishali was a Republic not a kingdom, it was Magadh which was a kingdom and Vaishali was final thorn in their way to become an empire. Ironically, the Republic of India took more inspirations and symbolism from the Empire of Magadh than the Republic of Vaishali.
Love your videos! You’re one of my favorite sources of educational content. I will mention, though, that there’s been much audio static in some of your most recent videos.
Dude, this is such an awesome video. Just pure wow. I watched and read several videos and articles on this but you a brilliant job. Congrats and thank you for making this video without any prejudice.
Tata was indeed dad of Indian industries kek. It is bhabha , not baba though. In india baba means grandfather not grandmother, grandma is called as dadi.
Very nicely done. I’m Canadian, and I remember the headlines when India fired off its bomb. There were very close ties between Canada and India, and this caused a chill in the relationship. But I had not realized that the story goes back to shortly after the end of WWII, and Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Today, I’m happy to see India put its technical know how into a space programme (as well as manufacturing, IT, and other down-to-earth endeavours). I wish the people of India all the best.
I think if anything, nuclear weapon is the reason why we have not seen global scale war since WWII. The bomb made such war extremely dangerous, and so people talked it out rather than go to war.
@@micnorton9487 Limited regional proxy wars, not massive wars between superpowers costing millions of lives. Superpower won't go to war with each other because of mutually assured destruction.
@@taiwanluthiers .. and if you're not paying attention to the news, that proxy war that the pentagram is supporting in Ukraine is killing Russian soldiers, so your contention that the superpowers will not attack each other because they have nuclear weapons is of course total bullcrap... It's just that Wall Street with its sleaze and cowardice doesn't want to do the fighting itself....
RE 1971: From what I've read Task force 74 redirected to the Bay of Bengal from its deployment in the Vietnam war was seen as nuclear coercion. The Soviets submarines getting the americans to back off with the threat of nuclear war is what ultimately led to deeper relations between India and USSR I believe. Also, in India its generally assumed that the KGB had been infiltrating the indian gov since the 60s, and the brits were literally in charge of indian intelligence for a couple of decades after independence. Indian history is a wild ride.
India kept everyone equidistant from itself. All sorts of spies from many countries had infiltrated and yet no body had any distinct advantage in shaping of its policy, this was kind of the trick here that most countries miss when they are not strong enough to resist. Let everyone enter and then frustrate them to no end, instead the weaker countries act belligerent and ultimately pay the price for it.
@@parker4406 IB was still reporting and answering to the brits in the 60s, look it up. I imagine PK had a similar setup because of the "instruments" the brits had in NWFP
Momentum for building the bomb picking up at 1972, when just in 1971 the US navy threatened India during Bangladesh liberation from Pakistan and USSR nuclear submarine had to deter them, wasn't just a wild coincidence. It wasn't just some random enlightment that convinced India that US nuclear umbrella was like giving your home's key to a thief. So we really don't need to say 'we don't know what made Indira Gandhi go ahead'. It was clear as day, that nuclear haves and havenots will one day be a clear deteriment to India, when US- Pak has such 'warm relationship' to place nuclear naval ship too close to India without India's understanding, and China already having a nuclear weapon. It would've been a no brainer to any secular head of state.
Wow, such a well-researched video. Kudos to Asianometry for presenting it! This will be useful for many Indians who would like to learn about their own history.
Your research on this subject is top notch. My father worked in the nuclear industry in India and I did not know half of the stuff you covered in this story. Well Done!!
@@vikramgupta2326Why would this be the case? Now with Pakistan having nuclear bombs, and basically the world being in an equilibrium of enemies each having access to the tech, what is the purpose of such secrecy?
@fark69 I was referring to the commercial nuclear power industry. Regarding being more secretive than the US, I only heard this second hand many years ago. My guess is it's because India's commercial nuclear program is more closely linked with the weapons program than in the US. And India has hostile nations on 2 borders. They may have nuclear technology, but you still wouldn't want them knowing the particulars of what you have, how much, and what you're up to. My guess anyway.
Parsi / Farsi: The people who came to India to save their lives after the barbaric invasions of Persia in the late 7th century. The true minority of India but has helped the nation beyond their numbers by many times.
India is the most underrated country. You only ever hear about China but the Indian people are extremely intelligent hard working and industrious. India will emerge as a global superpower to rival China in the next few decades.
I know it’s not much yet, it’s not the best time for me to donate right now - but I have appreciated your work immensely for a while now and it does not feel right to just walk away. Will happily pledge to the newsletter soon 🤝🏻
This was a great video. Thankyou for sharing this fascinating history with us. The question of the bomb is a difficult one. Having the bomb is a threat that dissuades others from launching their nuclear bombs at you, but it simultaneously puts a target on your back; your enemies will want to attack you before you can use your bomb on them. That's the fallacy of these weapons: the only way strategic nuclear bombs can be useful is by not using them at all (and using tactical nukes has the strong danger of escalation anyway). As soon as you use them, Mutually Assured Destruction applies, and both countries will be destroyed. It's not hard to create dispersed missile facilities so at least some can survive a first strike and retaliate, but nowadays with modern tech, an incoming missile can be detected by the target country and a retaliation launched before a first strike even lands. Who strikes first really is irrelevant. So when the consequences for having it are so dire, why build one? Well, the problems India and other countries were struggling with from the 50's onwards can't be discounted: no country wants to be a victim with no defence. If your country doesn't have the bomb, other countries can use the threat of nuclear bombs to bully you and hold you hostage, or they can actually attack you without risk in a war. .
So,India started with Thorium and U-233 like Nazi Germany started in 1942, but made first test only in 1974 with Pu-239 in implosion type device with Po-210 as initiator , like US did in Alamogordo in July 1945. U-233 can be used in nuclear devices as well but that technology was achieved by US and USSR only in 1980s and requires 99.99% of purity of U-233..
Nuclear devices based on U-233 considered to be the most dangerous of all types of nuclear weapon, because low critical mass of U-233 made it's possible to create compact portable nuclear devices down to 100 pounds or 45 kg , that could be carried by just one person. Power of such devices is about 0.3 kT..@@06.vineethdsouza80
The key to an extremely economical molten salt reactor is the moderator. With sodium deuteride as a moderator natural uranium can be used as fuel in a much smaller safer reactor. Seaborg technology is in the final stages of bringing such a reactor to mass production
Am a student of final year MA international relations, i must thank this video helped me in understanding our Nuclear policy which is a complicated subject in my field. Proud that Raja Ramanna who was a leading scientist at operation smiling budda was from my state of karnataka, so many scientist from different backgrounds coming from different indian states worked hard to realize their dream to making india a nuclear power, thias is our strenth of unity in diversity!!
Gandhi's ideology of non violence was idiotic and hypocritical. On one hand he advocated for "peace" when Indians wanted to fight against British and on the other hand he sent Indians to fight in world war 2 to fight for the British.
He's a western sucker at best, dude literally prevented his wife from being treated with western medicine and when he got afflicted with the disease he gladly took it, not to mention the caste discrimination his people had against the lower classes in ur country, it's the same thing with other former colonies and in my own country where high status people act poor in an effort to gain attention and then ditch the very same people when they gain power, hypocrites at best
This video itself is just warped western propaganda, changing history to their image to foreigners as if they weren't stopping countries from gaining access to nuclear weapons and carrying out assassinations on those nations
@@Layde36Dr. Homie bhabha was eliminated by CIA exCIA official talked about it in his later ! They crashed plane just to kill him with other Innocent passengers ! West supremos so inhumane
@@moonknight3594 The west never did want any country gaining access to nuclear weapons and countries like India which are run by authoritarian religious leaders who discriminate against many ethnicities are encouraged to gain power and colonize other smaller regions like Sikkim and other smaller regions in the North, looks like those former colonies learnt from the western Empire and did the same thing in other regions too
@@Layde36 Lady, what nonsense are you spouting? America literally started war against 23 countries and you're saying that India is "authoritarian". I think it's time for you to pull your face from your a-hole and look at the would after removing the racism specs you're wearing.
What most ppl do not understand is that India was ready to detonate the nuclear bomb in 1959, however Americans had other ideas and the CIA assassinated India's father of nuclear technology Homi Bhabha
Just discovered your great channel. You may already have a video but id love to see more on Indias development of a nuclear weapons program and its impact on relations with the US
Wow, fantastic video. It never fails to amaze me how badly the British turned entire geographical areas against each other... This story would be nothing if the addition of the political interactions between India, Pakistan, China and eventually Bangladesh were not included. Thank you.
@Asianometry, only part incorrect is USS 7th fleet was not to protect india, but intervene as Pakistan was losing 1971 in the east and west, it was not only 7th fleet but also UK fleet HMS Eagle. Indian had a soviet treat of friendship to counter balance.
As usual you have done outstanding research into the evolution of the events of Indian nuclear development program , particularly the dynamics of the change of policies, of democratic nations like USA , Canada, UK and India. The focus of the communist party of china to achieve and execute their atomic bomb, clearly delineate one party one policy irrespective of the time and reference frame in commendable , the benefactors of the Chinese Bomb was the PLA back in the Mid 60 . The atoms for peace was a democracy driven policy which may have been hastily executed without understanding its long term implications. Your deeper insight and research into the atoms for peace in any of your up coming video , would be greatly appreciated Congratulations ! On this masterpiece of information.
Saha wasn't a lonely voice, there seemingly were others who didn't see any results and believed that Bhabha was enjoying privileges that he did at the behest of the nuclear effort, while employing Chemists & Physists who did not get their fair share of autonomy or privilege at work...
Do one on Brazil's nuclear scientists strangely being imprisoned by US influence after some technological breakthroughs (I think it happened on the 2000s and 2010s).
Really well made video. This channel is a goldmine for asian content. Though i would like to point out that the USSR had a much bigger role when the US dispatched its 7th fleet. That made their government to be a strong ally with the USSR and their military from then on relied lots on russian made arms from their Air Forces to the Navy.
An excellent one again by Asianometry. Bravo to you for keeping this all so good. PS- Small request to make one on the contributions of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam , the person almost every teen of India has looked up to and still do. His books really sparked many minds. (Atleast mine 🙂)
My dad who is no more was selected as an apprentice at Trombay back in the 80's. It was a very tough exam and at the end he had to solve a problem on the board and he managed to finish it but in the end he made e raised to zero as 0, instead of one. He was still selected despite his stupid mistake obviously. He said there were a lot of stories of people getting radiation sickness, dying and then being buried in the radiation fields and their families being told that they ran away! He also said that most scientists wore flip-flops, as in meaning to say that they were not really paid that well. He was still teenager. Did not like it so much plus his stupid mother made lies saying taht she was sick. He ran away from there! Because they were not allowed to leave apparently.. but i think he was just kid and scared. He said that there was a man who he thought must have been 100% a govt. police official of some sort who followed him every once in a while. For years after his "escape". Even when he got job in Calcutta and was working there. My dad's theory was that he was privy to some sensitive information form his stay at Trombay and this police guy who followed him was just making sure if dad was not talking about those things with the wrong people, selling state secrets, etc.
Great job, You seem have taken your time and made this video after much research. There is a TV show called "Rocket Boys" developed by Sony for the Indian market. It is based on the friendship between Homi Bhabha and Vikram Sarabhai. Pity takes a lot of creative liberties with events and many supporting characters.
@@thelakeman2538Actually one of the comment mentioned that jumping into that pool would not be lethal or dangerous but it is definitely a massive creative liberty given the kind of man Bhabha was.
This was a great insight to India's nuclear weapons program and the need to it at the time India was surrounded by countries waging wars one after another. Indira Gandhi took the right step challenging the neighbourhood bully countries and the world police. Really appreciate this video and will share it with others to learn more.
Nothing wrong with reactor water. It's not like it becomes terribly radioactive. It's mostly shielding that stops the radiation from reaching the surface. Depending on the depth that can be perfectly safe to do so while it's running.
Wow, that’s my grandfather in between Homi Bhabha and Jawaharlal Nehru in the thumbnail! Dr. Nuthakki Bhanu Prasad who worked on India’s first nuclear energy reactors and then later was chairman of ONGC, where under his leadership Bombay High was discovered and then operationalized in record time!
Wow seems like a very impressive man he was.
I express my humble gratitude to him for his services to the NATION.
Thank you to your grandfather for his service to the Motherland.
So wow that he left India ?😁
@@JaiJi-mp7hqhere comes mentally disable one with congenital disability 😂
@@JaiJi-mp7hq what have you Done for India ?
“Having a bomb is very different from using it”
-Nuclear Gandhi
Peace will prevail after everyone transforms into atoms - Nuclear Gandhi
I am become Peace
lying to oneself
Civilization VI :D
Civ 2 had it right...
This channel has researched Indian history better than most from my experience.
+1 as it actually showed that we developed nukes much much earlier than we actually started making it for military purposes. Most of the other coverage on this issue is about 98 tests, but they seem to overlook the foundation of the technology we developed.
+1, even as an Indian from Bengal, I didn’t even know Meghnad Saha was an MP and a communist!
I can confirm it did the same about Brazil also. The dude is The Dude!
@@clutternutjack3995 It gets difficult when people are not committed to the truth, there sticking to the presented facts have risks and have corrupted intentions or conflicting interests.
NO TOILETS 😔
This Channel is a goldmine of knowledge on the technology development of Asia
I love this channel!
😂
WHY INDIA GOT NUCLEAR WEAPON!
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Not just. His coverage of eastern european development is top notch. I'm genuinely impressed with the details he presented there, as very few people even in the region know of them. I can only imagine the amount of research that goes into this. I like to call him the Perun of tech because of this.
i like his simple style n level of research he can easily expand it to globometry@@gogudelagaze1585
30:30
Shastri's death is not as simple as a heart stroke. The story behind his death is bit complicated because he died during a peace negotiations meeting with Pakistan in Tashkent (now capital of Uzbekistan) which was very suspicious news for many indians.
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Also Homi Bhabha was probably killed by the CIA
Shastri was killed in Tashkent, by Soviets at Ghandis orders, go figureout
Cia is accused of killing both shastri and homi bhabha.
@@lewisavinash1source? Is it "trust me bro?"
There is an error in this video. The US sent the Task force 74 to evacuate Pakistani forces from east Pakistan in the event of ceasefire. In reality it was to discourage India from participating in penetrating offensives into west Pakistan. The soviets deployed their nuclear submarine to match this show of force in support of india.
Yeah, which is also a reason why India values its relationship with Russia, when the world was against them only Russia came for help.
Absolutely. I was really dissapointed when he got that so wrong and showed the US in a good light which it does not deserve for supporting a genocide. I used to think this channel is a neutral, reliable source of historical and other information. Not from now on.
It was a deliberate misdirection, not an error by the author ! You can see other such acts to divert from the facts.
This is my understanding
Lol, that wasn't an error!
But, appreciate your politeness...😂
They called it smiling Buddha.. brilliant name, absolutely brilliant
At a time in the epoch of Buddha, the ancient kingdom of Magadh launched a war of conquest over its neighbour Vaishali. While Magadh was the usual monarchy that built a big army and collected the weapons for the assault, Vaishali was some kind of an anarchic street democracy where people spent all their time arguing over whether to fight, how to fight, who will fight.
Sure enough, Magadh annihilated and massacred poorly armed Vaishali. When the news got to a meditating Buddha, it seems, he frowned in disapproval. Meaning that to keep the peace, a kingdom has to be fully prepared for war
@@rohandalvi6476 Your comment should be pinned so that everyone watching the video would understand why it was called "Smiling Buddha". Vaishali was the capital of Vajji which was a powerful kingdom and had democratic rule.
@@rohandalvi6476 Reverse happened in the WW I and WW II though. Most of the democratic world defeated dictators and fascists.
@@chetan_naikIt's about organization , not democracy or autocracy. The fact that democratic states were better organized in WW2 was one of the reasons for their victory
@@chetan_naikreverse didn't happen as they were prepared with weapons to keep the peace as the moral of the story indicate.
I just want to clarify that if the reactor is built sufficiently safe, there is no danger swimming around the top of the reactor pool. Radiation does not penetrate all of the water in the pool.
I'm not recommending everyone go try it but scientifically, the math checks out.
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The water is there to keep the reactor and operators safe. What are you talking about?
During college days in late 1990s we had an educational trip to BARC. We were able to climb up on Apsara reactor's platform and glance inside to see the atomic reaction taking place. It was a memorable experience. I asked scientist who was with us, if it was safe to be there. He replied in affirmative.
@@retrocatalogBhabha was exactly that type of person.
not riskier than standing over the water, or near it, but not safe. yes, alpha and beta radiation stopped by the water, and most of the gamma, but not all. of course since it is based on time, a few minutes of exotic swimming probably not a major risk, not more than a long flight or something similar.
During college days in late 1990s we had an educational trip to BARC. We were able to climb up on Apsara reactor's platform and glance inside to see the atomic reaction taking place. It was a memorable experience.
It is interesting that Tata, who had its name on a Nuclear Research Institute, named it later after Dr. Homi J Bhabha in his honour..
Without Bhabha sir, we as India would have been in deep trouble..😊
@@saiprateek5779 Abdul Qadeer Khan = trouble !
@@lucasrem every immigrants from Pakistan is a trouble, that involves crossbreed in India too.. who call themselves pure Muslim
@@lucasremAQ Khan was more of a trouble for Pakistan than India after he sold nuke blueprints to North Korea & Iran. In fact Pakistan arrested him for nuclear theft after the CIA caught his shady business redhanded. 😂
@@lucasrem You mean the copy cat XD?
Imagine being named Homie Baba. What a cool ass name.
Abdul Qadeer Khan !
@@lucasremhe was a thief. Also he wasnt even a nuclear scientist but a metallurgist who stole dutch centrifuge blueprints.
@@lucasremone who stole and sold nuclear technology. 😂😂😂
@@lucasremWe North Koreans and Iranians thank Mr. AQ Khan for selling Pakistani nuclear secrets on the black market and humiliating Pakistan.❤
It wasn't baba. Its bhabha🙌
When I lived in India I was always amazed at how children there were better at math than I was at 24. Many of the kids didnt even attend regular school.
The Indian people are certainly one of the beautiful colors in the tapestry of "Man". Thank you for this, it was fascinating.
38:07 The US didn't stay out of the war because of the Chinese, there was a Soviet fleet (also nuclear armed) in the area and you can see that mentioned in the caption of the map. The Vietnam war was still ongoing and could have also been a factor.
US stayed out of the war as India has signed friendship and cooperation treaty with Soviet union in Aug 1971.
I'm sure they did,, it's always struck me as incredibly frivolous and ultimately useless for the United States to have a no confirmation or denial policy on American surface warships, they all carry nuclear weapons simply because that's what they're for...
Can’t believe you can pump out such high quality videos so quick, well done!
🎉🎉
@@Braveheart849Your profile is absolute haram, love it
Excellent channel!
Your a video slave
I remember the day and how Walter Cronkite looked when he read the announcement that India had become a nuclear power. My dad thought it was a one-off and that the Britts had given them a weapon as a way of messing with China and Russia. I didn't know any better, I was eleven years old.
I wonder if that's how most Americans thought: that without the involvement and management of the West, India was incapable of building a device? The West underestimated the rest of the world far too often.
Excellent work, BTW.
No disrespect to your father , if he is alive may he have good health and if he has passed away may he rest in peace , but your father was quite unaware.
India and Russia were friends , tbh just more than friends.
They gave us arms of every kind.
By the seventies india seldom purchased weapons from Britain , it was all soviet .
Not only taht, Soviets helped india in making dams , more than 5 steel planst.and almost every damn industrial setup .
It was said in 70 s that even in a small town of India you could come across a Soviet expert of some sort be it a engineer, a agricultural scientist or any other kind.
So india messing up with Russians was preposterous, as for china it's excatly opposite.
Well Russia isn't our enemy.
@hellomoto2084 I will be the first to admit to his cluelessness on most things, technical, social and political. He was a Southern US version of Archie Bunker and proud of it.
It's good that they underestimated, otherwise the Cold War would've never ended.
@@hellomoto2084 Soviets did extract their pound of flesh for all that though. There are no free lunches.
One of the greatest ironies of nuclear weapons is that their unmatched violent potential, being orders of magnitude greater than all previous weapons; it is entirely plausible that they have saved tens of millions of lives in wars both sides deemed unwinnable. With conventional wars, those making decisions could be reasonably assured of their own safety and well being whereas the opposite is true in the case of widespread nuclear exchange.
I was aware of how India got the bomb but not the full history and context surrounding it. This was an incredibly well presented piece that did an incredible job of being as neutral and fair as reasonably possible.
Hmmm..🤔🤔.
Agree and disagree.
The deterrent effect of nuclear weapons has led to almost 80 years of peace between the great powers-so far agree.
However, war has been subcontracted to allies of the great powers in Central America, Africa, the Middle East and South-East Asia-so I disagree.
Hence USA getting all sweaty when other try to make the nuclear bomb for their own protection. It dilutes imperialism and bullying capability of USA. Every country and its people are equally sovereign. USA has no right to create instability around the world. Rightfully, the world doesn't trust it anymore.
Well, bunkers exist, though they provide only some luxuries at most.
This is a frequently repeated assumption, without basis. As a matter of fact India is also proof against a related claim that's made wrt nuclear weapons - that they prevent wars between nuclear armed states. That has already happened. Pakistan and India have already fought a war after both had nuclear weapons. The nukes did nothing. Secondly don't underestimate the destructive potential of conventional weapons. The Rwandan genocide, for instance, saw a million people die from machetes and small arms.
@@FranzBieberkopf Disagree on the first point as well. We've already seen war between nuclear armed states - India and Pakistan fought despite both having nukes. Meanwhile nukes nearly plunged the world into armageddon during the Cuban Missile Crisis despite no active war between the powers involved at the time.
Props to Indira Gandhi for giving the go ahead. As flawed as many leaders ofter are, she often had bigger balls than many of the men who sat in the PM chair.
She had to, because China. She and her father are the chief reason for India's impotency post independence, be it with their adoption of Fabian system, letting go of India's territory without (thankfully Vallabhbhai Patel was alive to save India from him), or cozying up to and then partnering with Russia and the socialist bloc.
Indira ghandi might be an example of ‘even a broken clock is right twice a day’
@@eJohndoeher father was responsible for the border conflict with China but she was able to keep China at bay when she was in power.
I don't like IG at all because she was too authoritarian and normalised the kind of politics that the right wing is practicing now but in terms of war and foreign policy her tenure outshines all PMs.
@@yeahwhateveridc6062nailed it
@@YuruCampSupermacythe politics which the right wing is practicing now is not even 10% of authoritarian politics as was prevalent during Indira regime. See I like her foreign policy, and how she stood like that Iron woman in front of USA and literally divided Pakistan, our main enemy, into 2 halves. But her domestic policy was absolute BS. Forceful sterilization of millions, anti-Sikh approach the repercussions of which we can still see today, nationalization of literally all business which led to a collapse of private enterprises, banks etc. Authoritarianism right now isn't even 10% of the authoritarianism displayed during Indira regime.
Overall her domestic policy was absolutely gutter but foreign policy was dope.
Wow! Meghnad Saha! As a fellow Bengali Indian, I am very happy you mentioned him. He founded the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics. But honestly I didn’t know he was a communist (I am not). I didn’t even know he became an MP. Thank you so much for the video!
মানবেন্দ্র নাথ রায় was also a Communist.
However,, I have found in one of his writings that Revolutionaries {who opposed the Colonial rule} used to chant the slogan हर हर महादेव in our city of Kolkata during the years like 1905 and 1906 etc..
So much so that the *British **_Raaj_* even prohibited the usage of this slogan\chant on the streets of কলকাতা during those years like 1905 and 1908 and 1907 et cetera.
I mean; মানবেন্দ্রনাথ রায় *mentioned this particular truth* in one his writings.
He and P C Mahalanobis (another scientist and Bengali and with communist leanings) were also the founders of India's Planning Commission.
So much so,,,, that,, the British _Raaj_ even prohibited the usage of this slogan\chant *Harr harr Mahādeva* on the streets of কলকাতা during those years like 1905 and 1908 and 1907 etc∙.
Har har Mahaadēv slogan\chant
@@Yajna007Mahadever nam sunlay mlecchara bhoi pay jay😂
The US Navy's 7th fleet was intercepted by Soviet Nuclear Submarines and were blocked from assisting Pakistan Thanks to Indo Soviet Friendship Treaty.
India wished for a world without nuclear weapons yet in 1991, Sid Meier's Civilization was released.
And Gandhi's "Aggression" was set as 1 or 0 but in the code that somehow got translated to -1 which in the data type chosen basically dialed it up to 255 (8 bit max = 256 -1 = 255).
🧘🏾♂️⚛️💣🚀⚛️🧘🏾♀️
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I was born, raised & have lived for more than 38 years just about 20 km away from BARC, in the same city, and this was all new info to me. Thanks a ton, Asianometry. You're really a star.
Mrs Gandhi ordered a test in 1974 because the US threatened India in 1971 with the 9th fleet. She made sure that no other threat would come to India in the future.
Yup you are correct 😅😂 and idoits in the WEST thinks India will side with NATO over China and Russia? I think not.... India will work their differences out with China but they know about the CORRUPTION of the WEST. India-Russia-China can stop the WESTERN IMPERIALISTS....
I did my graduation in political science and studied foreign policy, nuclear policy of India and it's history and I must say you researched it even better than our books. It is fascinating how my country thought about security and morality of things. It is truly an example of a deeply diverse society which also is cause for internal disunity on critical issues.
Regardless I pray for my country's future as an ancient civilisation and a balance against all powers who strive to be a hegemon.
Oh
And now India is pursuing hegemony.
@@randomhuman5525 Maybe in it's region only from security lens. I doubt we will ever behave like typical superpowers by claiming unconstitutional land of our neighbours or support terrorist(I know we did support LTTE in 1980s under our dynastic party(Indian National Congress) but that party is gone and after our PM got assassinated we made firm policy to never support terrorists nor we shall talk to them ever for geopolitical reasons) or wage war on dubious beliefs.
I think once India has more power it will just ignore most of the liberal rant from the west which is often patronizing and ensure no foreign power disturbs its neighbourhood like China has done.
WHY INDIA GOT NUCLEAR WEAPON!
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This video sure was informative but it completely ignored the US interruptions in the test by the FBI and the support to Pakistan in the 1965 and 1971 war, which completely changed the wide picture of the intentions and reasoning of India's choices.
In 1961 or 62 the Soviet Union shipped an atomic test article to the PRC, also Soviet scientists worked closely with Chinese scientists on reactor and device plans until the Sino-Soviet split.
The Soviets weren't willing to answer anything but the most basic questions and in terms of searching for uranium ore, they actively steered the Chinese away from promising areas with granite to alluvial flood plains. The Soviets didn't really help them at all.
not really, the soviet while seemed to do so actually did more to steer the chinese away and make the chinese dependent on the ussr, they wanted the chinese to fail and ultimately be dependent on the soviet, this is one of the many reasons that eventually led up to the sino-soviet split. The soviets were not interested in letting the chinese become independent, whereas Mao at that time wanted to china to be more self-sufficient.
@@seitch1How much Russian tech transfer mattered is like asking how much the Soviet bomb program benefitted from espionage. The basic physics is well known, and the fact that someone had solved the engineering problem earlier is critical.
without soviet help, prc wouldnt simply get there.
Ahh Cold War geopolitics: this is really some OG Asianometry content. Longest video the channel ever made too!?
There are definitely longer videos on his channel.
The semiconductor history ones are good.
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In Rocket Boys, Bhabha, played by Jim Sarbh, doesn't jump into the pool to celebrate, rather he he jumps into the pool to manually fix a technical problem faced by the reactor prior to its inauguration by the PM of India.
Dr bhabha is the reason india is here in nuclear and rocket technology
People say that CIA was behind the bhabha's plane crash.
We were Soviet Ally and USA never wanted a Soviet ally to get nuclear weapons. I don't know if it's true or not.
It is due to Modi ji India is nuclear power. Modi ji helpd Bhabha set up nuclear facilities in Bharat.
@@hsp91 😂😭
@@xenon6947it was italian bar girl who stole nuke tech from ussr 😂😂
@@offred6013l💀
@@offred6013 Bar girl is better than Napunsak Modi. Lund kam nahi kiya Biwi see bhag gaya.
M.N. Saha is not just a random Astrophysicist. He was one of the best in India.
But he joined with China and Russia to destroy bhabha
And he was a fool
@@tejesheconomics4072 If you think opposing the idea of having a Nuclear bomb is same as being in cahoots with Russia and China to destroy India, then God save your IQ. And remember the very Russia (actually Soviet Union then) which you are accusing of conspiring against India had helped us Win the 1971 war. So, set you facts and mindset correct. Even Vikram Sarabhai, the father of Indian Space program initially opposed the idea, so was he trying to destroy India ? Just being associated with or influenced by communist ideology doesn't mean someone is anti national. The entire Judicial system is influenced by Socialist ideology. Does that mean they are anti India ? Well if one is hard core RW then he/she may say so. But that doesn't change the reality. Read about M. N. Saha. His contributions to the world of Science, eg. The famous Saha Ionisation Equation. I bet you didn't even know about him and started commenting like an illiterate fool.
@@Rabindra_ do you even know the man ? His contributions to Astrophysics ? How renowned he is or his contributions are ? You would've if you were a literate in real sense. Know about a person first, them judge him/her.
Meghnad Saha was NOT an ordinary scientist. He was a leading physicist of his time. His Saha ionization equation is still used to this day to calculate star spectrometry and particle density.
Jumping into reactor water is no big deal. In the Navy i have personally drank a small glass of primary coolant from there submarine reactor. 1200 rad count off the water and after i drank it, i had 300 count off my tongue. It was a tradition for new nukes once they got to the boat.
yeah, gotta wonder what was the price for that water though, shouldn't have been cheap
That’s some of the dumbest shit I’ve ever heard.
The one thing I am in absolute awe of is how despite US Nuclear Submarine program's gargantuan size, there have been no nuclear accidents.
@@death_paradeOh trust me, there have been many. They're just covered up more easily since these programs are already heavily secretive
@@harsh3948 Yeah, all sorts of accidents with radiactive materials have just been covered up, along aliens at Area 51. There have been some, however kind of hard to keep irradiated military members quiet or the VA...
Fuel rod storage pools, due to the nature of water as a flux moderator, are actually (like any other pool) less radioactive than the concrete around them. These pools are also often maintained by SCUBA divers.
Yup. Often in there measuring the fuel emissions with a waterproof teletectotor probe. Don't go toward the blue violet light 😂😂😂
Flux moderator. Bah! The key is capacitance my boy...
@@mattbritton6222 Great Scott!
Thanks this was a wild ride ❤❤❤. Have to point out though, this episode had more politics than usual 😅😅😅😅
I mean, he is talking about india
All of Indian history is a wild ride
@@prakhargupta2081 can't argue on that, brother. 😂😂😂😂
❤😂
Anything Nuclear, Aviation, Rocket etc. related will involve heavy politics, such is the nature of these industries.
The tragic plane crash you mentioned which took away Bhabha from India was a CIA mission. None will accept it but you get the message from various inklings.
One small clarification the US and the UK sent their fleets to intervene For Pakistan and invade India then the USSR had stopped the 7th fleet from entering indian waters as per the indo-soviet treaty ,this is what was missed and pretty important other than that else was on point nice vid!
Everytime, every frickin time huh
They were not going to invade India just stop them from destroying Pakistan.
That's just hindutva fantasy.
@@TimJBenhamCongratulations, that you are a Hinduphobe. The comment you replied to had nothing to do with religion. Monkey Tim.
@@TimJBenhamyours is pislam terrorism 😂
The revelation of Pakistan's path to obtaining nuclear weapons might potentially cast a rather unflattering light on the matter, rendering it an uncomfortable narrative for many Pakistanis.
The image used around 37:20 is distinctly not CV(A)N-65 Enterprise (Big E), but CVA-31 Bon Homme Richard (Bonny Dick). CV(A)N-65 has a distinct square island which separates her look from the longer rectangles of the later Nimitzes or her rough contemporaries in the Kitty Hawk and JFK Classes. I'd note that CVA-31 was off the WW2 era Essex class, and was only about a third of the displacement of the later nuclear powered ships. The second image shows Enterprise in a later configuration after she lost her large radar sets that dictated her island shape.
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damn, the people on this channel are another level.
Brother is walking Google
Task 44 was code name
You are sharing information that might be useful but somewhere else , totally useless and irrelevant to the story here .
Atleast India had the balls to test the weapon in their own mainland soil. Unlike the powers like US, USSR and France.
The USA conducted its early nuclear tests on its own soil but later ones on or near various Pacific islands that were under US control at the time and in one case on a satellite in orbit. The USSR conducted all of its tests, even the one that was equivalent to 50 megatons, on its own soil. France conducted all of its tests on Pacific islands that are under its control.
@@cedriclynchunder control is different from the own soil. That’s like saying British detonating something in India before independence and claiming they did it in the land under their control. We all know why they don’t do it in their own soil
Your diction is fantastic. I love how your videos are written, and the fact that the subtitles are, to the letter, to your delivery.
Always so interesting too. A world that I would have no clue about without your videos.
Thanks! 👍
Moral of the Smiling Buddha story: a democracy needs to be suitably armed to protect itself, else you end up like the kingdom of Vaishali did, getting invaded and being destroyed, making Buddha sad.
Also stated in modern parlance as "freedom isn't free, it must be protected.."
And when you do that, the Buddha smiles.
When the goons are armed its foolish for law abiding and peace loving people to remain unarmed
Vaishali was a Republic not a kingdom, it was Magadh which was a kingdom and Vaishali was final thorn in their way to become an empire. Ironically, the Republic of India took more inspirations and symbolism from the Empire of Magadh than the Republic of Vaishali.
Love your videos! You’re one of my favorite sources of educational content.
I will mention, though, that there’s been much audio static in some of your most recent videos.
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@@Braveheart849 ccp bot spotted.
Dude, this is such an awesome video. Just pure wow. I watched and read several videos and articles on this but you a brilliant job. Congrats and thank you for making this video without any prejudice.
Hm
@@Braveheart849 ccp bot spotted.
This is one of your best videos, I have watched them all. Undoubtedly, your best work yet. Great cliffhanger at the end, waiting for the second part.
I grew up amongst the scientists of BARC..with my dad being one of them. Immensely proud of them, for their service to the nation.
16:33 Its Apsara not Aspara. Guess its typo. It means being with divine beauty.
Crystal clear voice. Perfect pace. Detailed research. Best informative channel in my opinion. Keep it up!
I was 14 when this occured... I remember it.... impressive reporting.. thank you.
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Which state are you from?
If outside India then which country?
What people around you had the opinion of bomb testing?
@@AditVats Victoria Australia...don't worry... Looking forward to the next India Vs Australia at the MCG on Boxing Day.... Go Aussie!
@@hypercomms2001Australia won the cricket world cup m8 😢
@@doctorpanigrahi9975 Bum! Yet count your blessings you did bloody well to get where you did…. ! Next time it will be India… not Australia…
Este es mi canal favorito para enterarme de cómo los países asiáticos se han desarrollado y adquirido tecnologia, mmmuy buen trabajo!!
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Baba means grandma, while tata means dad in Serbian. 😅
They are parsi from iran . They fled to India when Islam concurred iran.
Tata was indeed dad of Indian industries kek.
It is bhabha , not baba though.
In india baba means grandfather not grandmother, grandma is called as dadi.
Bhabha*, pronunciation very different
In Japanese, if I am not mistaken, "baba" is a particularly rude way to refer to an old lady.
It's "Bhabha"....not "Baba". That 'h' got lost due to the pronunciation trouble faced by western people while reciting indian names.
Very nicely done. I’m Canadian, and I remember the headlines when India fired off its bomb. There were very close ties between Canada and India, and this caused a chill in the relationship. But I had not realized that the story goes back to shortly after the end of WWII, and Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Today, I’m happy to see India put its technical know how into a space programme (as well as manufacturing, IT, and other down-to-earth endeavours). I wish the people of India all the best.
I think if anything, nuclear weapon is the reason why we have not seen global scale war since WWII. The bomb made such war extremely dangerous, and so people talked it out rather than go to war.
Fully agree with your statement
Stupid weapons. We need war for technological development.
That's an incredible statement to make seeing as how wars have raged ever since world War II WITH CONVENTIONAL weapons...
@@micnorton9487 Limited regional proxy wars, not massive wars between superpowers costing millions of lives. Superpower won't go to war with each other because of mutually assured destruction.
@@taiwanluthiers .. and if you're not paying attention to the news, that proxy war that the pentagram is supporting in Ukraine is killing Russian soldiers, so your contention that the superpowers will not attack each other because they have nuclear weapons is of course total bullcrap... It's just that Wall Street with its sleaze and cowardice doesn't want to do the fighting itself....
RE 1971: From what I've read Task force 74 redirected to the Bay of Bengal from its deployment in the Vietnam war was seen as nuclear coercion. The Soviets submarines getting the americans to back off with the threat of nuclear war is what ultimately led to deeper relations between India and USSR I believe. Also, in India its generally assumed that the KGB had been infiltrating the indian gov since the 60s, and the brits were literally in charge of indian intelligence for a couple of decades after independence. Indian history is a wild ride.
It's not assumed , KGB definitely had many assets inside the Indian government structure
KGB had infiltrated Indian politics and academia to a large extent. See Yuri Bezmenov’s interviews.
India kept everyone equidistant from itself. All sorts of spies from many countries had infiltrated and yet no body had any distinct advantage in shaping of its policy, this was kind of the trick here that most countries miss when they are not strong enough to resist. Let everyone enter and then frustrate them to no end, instead the weaker countries act belligerent and ultimately pay the price for it.
Britain assumed charge of intelligence in Pakistan not India post independence.
@@parker4406 IB was still reporting and answering to the brits in the 60s, look it up. I imagine PK had a similar setup because of the "instruments" the brits had in NWFP
Momentum for building the bomb picking up at 1972, when just in 1971 the US navy threatened India during Bangladesh liberation from Pakistan and USSR nuclear submarine had to deter them, wasn't just a wild coincidence. It wasn't just some random enlightment that convinced India that US nuclear umbrella was like giving your home's key to a thief.
So we really don't need to say 'we don't know what made Indira Gandhi go ahead'. It was clear as day, that nuclear haves and havenots will one day be a clear deteriment to India, when US- Pak has such 'warm relationship' to place nuclear naval ship too close to India without India's understanding, and China already having a nuclear weapon. It would've been a no brainer to any secular head of state.
Asianometry producing quality videos while Sonyliv making bhabha jump into the pool 😆
The research that went into this is admirable.....and the unbiased nature of it too is fabulous....u have gained a new subscriber in me my good sir.
Wow, such a well-researched video. Kudos to Asianometry for presenting it!
This will be useful for many Indians who would like to learn about their own history.
Your research on this subject is top notch. My father worked in the nuclear industry in India and I did not know half of the stuff you covered in this story. Well Done!!
What did he do, what would they tell him, how would you know ?
@@lucasrem maybe a engineer
I've heard the nuclear industry in India tends to be more secretive than here in the US.
@@vikramgupta2326Why would this be the case? Now with Pakistan having nuclear bombs, and basically the world being in an equilibrium of enemies each having access to the tech, what is the purpose of such secrecy?
@fark69 I was referring to the commercial nuclear power industry. Regarding being more secretive than the US, I only heard this second hand many years ago. My guess is it's because India's commercial nuclear program is more closely linked with the weapons program than in the US. And India has hostile nations on 2 borders. They may have nuclear technology, but you still wouldn't want them knowing the particulars of what you have, how much, and what you're up to. My guess anyway.
Parsi / Farsi: The people who came to India to save their lives after the barbaric invasions of Persia in the late 7th century.
The true minority of India but has helped the nation beyond their numbers by many times.
Parsis are merchants and rootless urban nomads ...of course they will have to make up for no social security through higher competency lol
any content related to India-China issue exists.
ccp bots in the comment section: we are summoned 🇨🇳
India is the most underrated country. You only ever hear about China but the Indian people are extremely intelligent hard working and industrious. India will emerge as a global superpower to rival China in the next few decades.
Stolen gift cards fool.
Thoroughly researched& accurate. Well done🎉
Excellent coverage of historical aspects. Well researched piece. Thanks and congrats .
17:30 that series is the last thing you can reference about Indian scientific history... The creative Freedom they took was beyond limits...
गहन शोध , स्पष्ट अवलोकन प्रज्ञावान विश्लेषण और बहुत सुंदर प्रस्तुति ; अन्त ही आरम्भ है , अद्वैत।
I know it’s not much yet, it’s not the best time for me to donate right now - but I have appreciated your work immensely for a while now and it does not feel right to just walk away.
Will happily pledge to the newsletter soon 🤝🏻
Dang, this channel is the true plug of high quality vídeos !
AS USUAL, ABSOBLOODLUTELY AMAZING !
Jon... Keep up the excellent work and may God bless you always !
Thank you very much for the video !
This was a great video. Thankyou for sharing this fascinating history with us.
The question of the bomb is a difficult one. Having the bomb is a threat that dissuades others from launching their nuclear bombs at you, but it simultaneously puts a target on your back; your enemies will want to attack you before you can use your bomb on them. That's the fallacy of these weapons: the only way strategic nuclear bombs can be useful is by not using them at all (and using tactical nukes has the strong danger of escalation anyway).
As soon as you use them, Mutually Assured Destruction applies, and both countries will be destroyed. It's not hard to create dispersed missile facilities so at least some can survive a first strike and retaliate, but nowadays with modern tech, an incoming missile can be detected by the target country and a retaliation launched before a first strike even lands. Who strikes first really is irrelevant.
So when the consequences for having it are so dire, why build one? Well, the problems India and other countries were struggling with from the 50's onwards can't be discounted: no country wants to be a victim with no defence. If your country doesn't have the bomb, other countries can use the threat of nuclear bombs to bully you and hold you hostage, or they can actually attack you without risk in a war. .
So,India started with Thorium and U-233 like Nazi Germany started in 1942, but made first test only in 1974 with Pu-239 in implosion type device with Po-210 as initiator , like US did in Alamogordo in July 1945. U-233 can be used in nuclear devices as well but that technology was achieved by US and USSR only in 1980s and requires 99.99% of purity of U-233..
india also did a U-233 bomb test
Nuclear devices based on U-233 considered to be the most dangerous of all types of nuclear weapon, because low critical mass of U-233 made it's possible to create compact portable nuclear devices down to 100 pounds or 45 kg , that could be carried by just one person. Power of such devices is about 0.3 kT..@@06.vineethdsouza80
The key to an extremely economical molten salt reactor is the moderator. With sodium deuteride as a moderator natural uranium can be used as fuel in a much smaller safer reactor. Seaborg technology is in the final stages of bringing such a reactor to mass production
I was looking for a video in this topic n here it is!!!! Well researched, well done
This is the kind of content that makes me feel good when paying for WiFi service every month😅
Any one play Ghandi on Civilization? Nuclear Madman
I commend your efforts in putting light on India's nuclear struggle. Keep up the good work.
Am a student of final year MA international relations, i must thank this video helped me in understanding our Nuclear policy which is a complicated subject in my field. Proud that Raja Ramanna who was a leading scientist at operation smiling budda was from my state of karnataka, so many scientist from different backgrounds coming from different indian states worked hard to realize their dream to making india a nuclear power, thias is our strenth of unity in diversity!!
Great video man. Dropping bangers after bangers
Gandhi's ideology of non violence was idiotic and hypocritical.
On one hand he advocated for "peace" when Indians wanted to fight against British and on the other hand he sent Indians to fight in world war 2 to fight for the British.
He's a western sucker at best, dude literally prevented his wife from being treated with western medicine and when he got afflicted with the disease he gladly took it, not to mention the caste discrimination his people had against the lower classes in ur country, it's the same thing with other former colonies and in my own country where high status people act poor in an effort to gain attention and then ditch the very same people when they gain power, hypocrites at best
This video itself is just warped western propaganda, changing history to their image to foreigners as if they weren't stopping countries from gaining access to nuclear weapons and carrying out assassinations on those nations
@@Layde36Dr. Homie bhabha was eliminated by CIA exCIA official talked about it in his later ! They crashed plane just to kill him with other Innocent passengers !
West supremos so inhumane
@@moonknight3594 The west never did want any country gaining access to nuclear weapons and countries like India which are run by authoritarian religious leaders who discriminate against many ethnicities are encouraged to gain power and colonize other smaller regions like Sikkim and other smaller regions in the North, looks like those former colonies learnt from the western Empire and did the same thing in other regions too
@@Layde36 Lady, what nonsense are you spouting? America literally started war against 23 countries and you're saying that India is "authoritarian". I think it's time for you to pull your face from your a-hole and look at the would after removing the racism specs you're wearing.
What most ppl do not understand is that India was ready to detonate the nuclear bomb in 1959, however Americans had other ideas and the CIA assassinated India's father of nuclear technology Homi Bhabha
Just discovered your great channel. You may already have a video but id love to see more on Indias development of a nuclear weapons program and its impact on relations with the US
You forgot to share that when usa send an aircraft carrier then soviet had send their nuclear submarine .
Wow, fantastic video. It never fails to amaze me how badly the British turned entire geographical areas against each other... This story would be nothing if the addition of the political interactions between India, Pakistan, China and eventually Bangladesh were not included. Thank you.
The British turn areas against each other!!! What? When?
@@mudra5114 I appreciate the sarcasm lol
@@T3hderk87 You are appreciating something which does not exist. Very interesting. Do you do this often?
@@mudra5114 It's hard to tell if someone is being serious or not on the interwebs. I had a 50% chance of success and rolled wrong.
@@T3hderk87 No worries, bud. I understand.👍
24:02 This quote is a favourite of mine from this video.
Would love to see a video on Pelindaba and Koeberg. I know it's not asia specific, but you're the most thorough out there!
@Asianometry, only part incorrect is USS 7th fleet was not to protect india, but intervene as Pakistan was losing 1971 in the east and west, it was not only 7th fleet but also UK fleet HMS Eagle. Indian had a soviet treat of friendship to counter balance.
As usual you have done outstanding research into the evolution of the events of Indian nuclear development program , particularly the dynamics of the change of policies, of democratic nations like USA , Canada, UK and India.
The focus of the communist party of china to achieve and execute their atomic bomb, clearly delineate one party one policy irrespective of the time and reference frame in commendable , the benefactors of the Chinese Bomb was the PLA back in the
Mid 60 .
The atoms for peace was a democracy driven policy which may have been hastily executed without understanding its long term implications.
Your deeper insight and research into the atoms for peace in any of your up coming video , would be greatly appreciated
Congratulations ! On this masterpiece of information.
Saha wasn't a lonely voice, there seemingly were others who didn't see any results and believed that Bhabha was enjoying privileges that he did at the behest of the nuclear effort, while employing Chemists & Physists who did not get their fair share of autonomy or privilege at work...
Do one on Brazil's nuclear scientists strangely being imprisoned by US influence after some technological breakthroughs (I think it happened on the 2000s and 2010s).
This is very interesting. Where can I find more details on it?
Really well made video. This channel is a goldmine for asian content.
Though i would like to point out that the USSR had a much bigger role when the US dispatched its 7th fleet. That made their government to be a strong ally with the USSR and their military from then on relied lots on russian made arms from their Air Forces to the Navy.
I liked the special mention of deers.
Im from travancore and was surprised when you mentioned C P ramaswamy.... you've done great research
Wow! What a beautifully put video. Bravo for your efforts and thank you ❤
Truly impressed by the thorough research of the topic.
Great video. It's great to see good Indian history :)
India unlocked Nuclear Gandhi character skin in 1974.
Wow whan an excellently researched and narrated documentary, pls keep up the good work.
That was a fantastic video, on a topic I always wondered about.
An excellent one again by Asianometry. Bravo to you for keeping this all so good.
PS- Small request to make one on the contributions of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam , the person almost every teen of India has looked up to and still do. His books really sparked many minds. (Atleast mine 🙂)
very impressed by your detailed research and story telling skills....subscribed for more!
Very interesting and fair summary. Well done. I leard quite a few details from that. Particularly the political aspects of the affair.
My dad who is no more was selected as an apprentice at Trombay back in the 80's. It was a very tough exam and at the end he had to solve a problem on the board and he managed to finish it but in the end he made e raised to zero as 0, instead of one. He was still selected despite his stupid mistake obviously. He said there were a lot of stories of people getting radiation sickness, dying and then being buried in the radiation fields and their families being told that they ran away! He also said that most scientists wore flip-flops, as in meaning to say that they were not really paid that well. He was still teenager. Did not like it so much plus his stupid mother made lies saying taht she was sick. He ran away from there! Because they were not allowed to leave apparently.. but i think he was just kid and scared. He said that there was a man who he thought must have been 100% a govt. police official of some sort who followed him every once in a while. For years after his "escape". Even when he got job in Calcutta and was working there. My dad's theory was that he was privy to some sensitive information form his stay at Trombay and this police guy who followed him was just making sure if dad was not talking about those things with the wrong people, selling state secrets, etc.
Great job, You seem have taken your time and made this video after much research.
There is a TV show called "Rocket Boys" developed by Sony for the Indian market. It is based on the friendship between Homi Bhabha and Vikram Sarabhai. Pity takes a lot of creative liberties with events and many supporting characters.
If you listened to the video he mentioned it and how "creative" to put it mildly some of their writing is.
@@thelakeman2538Actually one of the comment mentioned that jumping into that pool would not be lethal or dangerous but it is definitely a massive creative liberty given the kind of man Bhabha was.
The quality of your content is excellent. I knew very little of India’s nuclear program and weapon development. Thank you!
This was a great insight to India's nuclear weapons program and the need to it at the time India was surrounded by countries waging wars one after another. Indira Gandhi took the right step challenging the neighbourhood bully countries and the world police. Really appreciate this video and will share it with others to learn more.
Nothing wrong with reactor water. It's not like it becomes terribly radioactive. It's mostly shielding that stops the radiation from reaching the surface. Depending on the depth that can be perfectly safe to do so while it's running.