09:32 What about the vocative? Is it a direct case or an oblique case? 11:05 "Женщина спала". means "The woman slept/was sleeping." (Past tense) 17:09 Bulgarian has lost its case distinctions but that hasn't affected the word order at all. You can switch the subject and the object without a change in meaning because of clitic doubling: Мария вижда Павел (Mariya vizhda Pavel) - Mary sees Paul. Павел го вижда Мария (Pavel go vizhda Mariya) - Mary sees Paul, literally "Paul him sees Mary".
It is an oblique case, because only the Nominative case can be considered as a direct case. As for Vocative case, it is an equivalent of Accusative case in Slavic languages. For example (Кого? Что?) (Whom? What?) It has both forms, of Direct and Oblique. But in Applied Linguistics - its considered as an Oblique case.
The Bulgarian example is of course different from the German one: Paul sieht Maria vs. Maria sieht Paul or PDE Paul sees Mary vs. Mary sees Paul. Without any additional mechanism the only interpretational basis is word order. In the Bulgarian example, го is the additional element.
Pleindespoir Have you ever pondered the possibility that abbreviations might have different meanings in different contexts or disciplines? In contemporary academia CE stands for Common era and BCE stands for Before common era. Surely you know this. Don't act stupid.
09:32 What about the vocative? Is it a direct case or an oblique case?
11:05 "Женщина спала". means "The woman slept/was sleeping." (Past tense)
17:09 Bulgarian has lost its case distinctions but that hasn't affected the word order at all. You can switch the subject and the object without a change in meaning because of clitic doubling:
Мария вижда Павел (Mariya vizhda Pavel) - Mary sees Paul.
Павел го вижда Мария (Pavel go vizhda Mariya) - Mary sees Paul, literally "Paul him sees Mary".
It is an oblique case, because only the Nominative case can be considered as a direct case. As for Vocative case, it is an equivalent of Accusative case in Slavic languages. For example (Кого? Что?) (Whom? What?) It has both forms, of Direct and Oblique. But in Applied Linguistics - its considered as an Oblique case.
The Bulgarian example is of course different from the German one: Paul sieht Maria vs. Maria sieht Paul or PDE Paul sees Mary vs. Mary sees Paul. Without any additional mechanism the only interpretational basis is word order. In the Bulgarian example, го is the additional element.
It should say "nainen nukkuu" and "nuk:u:" at around 1:30
at 14:19 - man-ERG? Interesting if you're a VDGG fan
In the Russian examples, the first sentence is in the past. It's not relevant, but inconsistent.
"After Christ"?! CE is now standard especially to an international academic audience.
CE means consumer electrics and AC stands for alternating current
Pleindespoir Have you ever pondered the possibility that abbreviations might have different meanings in different contexts or disciplines? In contemporary academia CE stands for Common era and BCE stands for Before common era. Surely you know this. Don't act stupid.
Thank you for your explanation! Could you help me to decrypt this: 'TLA' ?