First episode in the series - Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: ua-cam.com/video/Ct43H3MW_DA/v-deo.html This video is also dubbed in Spanish for the first time in the history of our channel. You can switch to the Spanish audio track here - prnt.sc/1smcojr This is a test, so give us some constructive feedback, please. Share it with your Spanish-speaking friends and family, so they can tell us what they think about the translation! We want to add more languages and expand on this, but need to know if there is enough interest.
Hi, Kings and Generals. You are my favorite channel. I don't know if you are aware of the differences between the two type of Spanish Dubs that are typically used: for Spain and for Latin America. The thing is, people from Spain love the Spanish one and people from Latin America the other one, which is logical. Since I am from Spain, I don't like the Latin American Dub and I prefer 100% to listen to OfficiallyDevin's magnificent voice. This is of course 100% subjective and all my respects to the Dub that has been incorporated to this video. As a suggestion, it would be great if you could also produce a Dub with Spanish from Spain. Many greetings and once again, your channel is pure gold.
Wow, thanks! I have wished to share your channel with my non-English speaking folks for such a long time... and the time has come! I can also see a lot of your videos being included in history class syllabi around our 550-million strong linguistic community. (Although it will never be the exact same experience without OfficiallyDevin bringing that unique tone to narrate the stories of misadventurous kings that decide to charge forward without scouting the forests for possible traps! 😀
@@restitutororbis1 I hear you on that. I also recall that while I was a child in Spain, all our Disney cartoons were dubbed in neutral "Latin American" Spanish , while the rest of our TV programs were in Iberian Spanish and we as kids didn't care. It seemed only logical that Snowhite or Bugs Bunny had a softer, different accent. But I get your point.
I like it is dubbed in Spanish. The dubber is trying to do an excellent job (although I would allow him a few runs before judging him, he needs to find his own tone that convey epic, just as OfficiallyDevin did over time, and that takes a bit of iterations and practice). Just a tip: in pronouncing Kings & Generals, he may want to say it in English (including using the pallatal non-gutural sound English-speakers use for "G" in saying Generals, instead the "H" sound he uses, i.e. as in "Happy"). Kings and Generals is a personal name and should not be dubbed. But a super job!!!
Hehe...just wait 'til they get to the War of the League of Cambrai. The participants change sides so much, you'll think there are NO factions at all. I can see a general then saying "We're fighting THEM now? I was supposed to have supper with the commander and his family next week!" to which one of his subordinates says, "Well, that's still possible."
Hello! I’m Johan, writer and researcher for the video! I’m very excited to bring you chapter two of our series on the Italian wars. A lot of events took place, so some had to be cut, but I’ll add some notes on interesting things that did not make the final cut. 2:40 The Neapolese reconquest of Naples is an interesting war, with Italian condottieri changing sides (such as the Colonna joining the Spanish and the Orsini joining the French), Aragonese, Venetian and Nepoletan attacks and the desperate defence of the French-Scottish general Berault Stuart d'Aubigny and Montpensier in the south, attempting to resist without much help from his king who was cash-strapped after Fornovo. Battles that took place were the First battle of Seminara 1495, Battle of Eboli, the siege of the Neapolitan Castles, the battle of Montecalvo and the Siege of Atella 4:07 The conflict between Pisa and Florence is very much a David vs Goliath story, and the conflict became a proxy war between Milanese and Venetian, and later French against Spanish, while France slowly lost the coastal towns in Tuscany. Also, it was the time where Savonarola ruled the city of Florence. 14:33 Capitana was especially important for the finances of the Kingdom, as Foggia was fundamental to control the most lucrative income of the kingdom, the “dogana delle pecore”, the tax on the practice of herding sheep to the mountains in the summer to graze the fresh grass, called “transumanza”. We are talking about millions of sheep, so saying that a war between France and Spain began because of a 'Flock of sheep', while funny and not entirely incorrect, is a bit oversimplified. :) 15:18 There were a lot of small military actions, battles and skirmishes between Autumn 1502- Spring 1503 (Siege of Canosa, Battle of Ruvo, Second battle of Seminara 1502, not to mention local nobles). During the stalemate, a number of duels were held between the knights of the two armies on neutral Venetian soil, the most famous of which was the “Disfida di Barletta” where 13 Italian knights won against 13 French, an episode famous in the Italian historiography and nation-creating conscience in the last centuries. 15:32 The French defeat at the Third Battle of Seminara 1503 came a week before the Battle of Cerignola, completely destroying the French presence in the Kingdom. 18:30 "first time mass arquebuses were used" as in for the first time they were used in great numbers and strategically, not the first time they were used in battle, to clear up any confusion If you have any other questions you are welcome to ask them! Sources utilized in the video: -Le guerre d’Italia, Marco Pellegrini -The Italian Wars, 1494-1559, Michael Mallett and Christine Shaw -Storia d’Italia, Guicciardini -Il Principe, Machiavelli -Storia di Milano, Piero Verri -Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Treccani -A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century, Charles Oman -Historia del rey Don Fernando el Católico. De las empresas, y ligas de Italia, Jerónimo Zurita -Consalvo di Cordova e la Battaglia di Cerignola, Pietro Pieri -La battaglia del Garigliano del 1503, Duilio Ruggiero
@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE Not really ! The main improvement that de Cordoba made was combining more firearms with pike formations. These would evolve into the Tercio formations of later Spanish armies. No fueron los "germanos" la diferencia.
Don Fernando González de Cordoba was one of the best commanders of his time if not the best. He created the famous Tercios and their tactics which involves a close coordination between melee infantry, range infantry, cavalry and artillery, something that today is quite obvious but in those times it not used, every unit moved like an indeoendent thing and not combined. He's also known as El Gran Capitán, The Great Captain.
"The end of the battle saw the first time a "call to prayer" (toque de oracion) was issued, a practice that was later adopted by most Western armies, when the Great Captain, upon seeing the fields full of French bodies (who, like the Spaniards, were Christian), ordered three long tones to be played and his troops to pray for all the fallen."
Gonzalo de Córdoba. The man should get FAR more attention than he does. He was a brilliant commander, one of the best in European history. As for the larger war, even as someone who is fascinating by this stuff, I sometimes find keeping track of all of the names and players and factions difficult. Wow this era was complicated.
Estas en todos los comentarios cuestionando que la gente diga que el gran Capitán fue UNO de los mejores generales de la historia de Europa, lo cual es incuestionable. Te da rabia o que. Igual el que debería estudiar más eres tú.
I was looking for a setting to turn it off. It’s random, it became jarring. I wouldn’t mind if the spaniard side was narrated in Spanish but then would we do the same for the French and Italian? It wasn’t a good choice. It made me atop watching after the repeated cutting in and out at random spots in the videos
My native language is Spanish, and i think that is awesome to hear Kings and Generals in my language... But the English voice is really awesome, so i rather English version too.
@@Marshal_Rock I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
Another well done video. Some comments though: Gonzalo de Cordoba or El Gran Capitan had great influence on modern warfare. After his defeat at Seminara ( which he told Frederico we will lose as Spanish troops were used to engaging mobile Moorish adversaries and thus were lightly armored in compared to the French) De Cordoba reorganized his army. He converted roughly 2/3s of his crossbows to arqubisiers with the remaining Spanish infantry to sword and buckler infantry with some crossbows. The landsknechts were brought in to provide the pikes as the Spanish had not fully developed that arm. He also understood that his army could not meet the French on even terms so he changed the equation by digging in behind a stream and letting the French come to him. More detailed accounts of the battle showed that he had converted the ditch into a modern day kill zone which negated the strength of the Swiss pikes and French cavalry. He understood the effects of terrain on armies and used it to his advantage. Some consider De Cordoba the progenitor of the first modern general. He was not called El Gran Capitan for nothing.
@@bobjk3455 this tactic was either a disaster or a huge win. I can name battles in with the French cavalry charges failed and just as many who were victorious. All depend the ones you choose to remember
@@lahire4943 well thats literally what napoleon did at boridino, he just sent his entire army in massed frontal assaults until the russians had to retreat. he sort of maybe won at least he pushed the russians out of the way to moscow for all the good that achived. but he lost huge numbers of soliders litterally marching straight into to cannon fire.
@@lahire4943 thats thats true lol. also the french used this tactic again in siege of sabestpol in the crimean war and at solferino which they won but was a total bloodbath and led to the red cross being established. and the british were mad enough to try it in against artillery at balaklava.
Gonzalo FERNÁNDEZ de Córdoba. Pay respect to one of the greatest generals in the worlds history, and the creator of the Tercios that dominanted Europe for 2 centuries
@@paulstephensia1412 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 1: the Arabs of old and the Seljuk Turks weakened the Byzantine Empire made worse by the arrival of the Western European knights and lords, the Ottoman Empire ended the Byzantine Empire when they captured Constantinople in 1453. 2 the worlds’ known Turkish Empires are the Seljuk Turks, the Mamluks of Egypt and then the most famous of them the one that later conquered both Arabs, Greeks, Slavs, Magyars, and other fellow Turks were the Ottomans that lasted until the 1st World War,p. 3:Turkish and Mongols migrated from their ancestral lands looking for new places to settle others mingled with the local population forming new gene pools, both of the said ethnicities were conquerors of several nations and kingdoms so it is not a surprise that they can be seen in Asia since that is the place they came from, Mongols came from the desert of Mongolia from nomadic tribes later sets themselves as the most dominant group after conquering the Chinese Empire later followed by their conquest of the near East and Eastern Europe in modern day Russia, the Turks made their migration from Asia possibly the land they came from is modern day Kazakhstan, the Turks settled in Anatolia after taking it from the Byzantines, so it is not unusual to see that people from these certain ethnic groups mingled with one another and inherited some features of one from the next passing it down to the modern world. Also it’s been centuries past since this events so there’s been plenty of people of both races to intermarriage with each other.
@@paulstephensia1412 My friend, I know that no race is purebred in the world, but where are the European genetics of anyone other than the Slavs in Asia, where the Kazakhs mixed with a nation with European genetics in Asia and took its current appearance? , other than that, Ottoman Empire Anatolian Turks My ancestors or another Turkish people?
@@tsmlaska7761 that is something I’m not so sure but the most common could be Russian heritage because after the founding of the Russian Empire they expanded to parts of the Ottoman Empire’s territories also after the fall of both Russian and Ottomans empires during the 1st World War and the rise of the USSR they already had some Asian holdings so it is probably Russian DNA that contributes to the European Gene of some Kazakhs, just a slight assumption.
Spanish speaker here, I appreciate that you take us into consideration but the narration in English is superior thanks to the author's voice, I think that having the option to activate the subtitles in Spanish is enough.
It's always better if you can have a multi-language multi-subtitled video, that you reach more audience but yes, the narrator it's just objectively better in English. That can be improved though
@@smal750 The Bourborns were ORIGINALLY French, but became kings of Spain after 1713. Minor heirs of this branch, called the Spanish Bourbons, were made kings of Naples / Two Sicilies. And they held onto the Italian throne for a long time. How can you be so sure in your ignorance?
I really appreciate the effort of translating the videos into different languages but have to admit that after tried the new dubbed version in Spanish, I much prefer the English one , since it completely transmits the emotion of the story . The Spanish locution is very plain and lacks of emotion at all.
Aprecio la versión en español. I never thought i was going to listen a Spanish (even if it lacks of passion) version video of yours here in your channel. Thank you so much
I must agree with many comments that signal the lack of acknowledgement of Spanish infantry profesionality that was unparalel in Europe. Their pikemen went toe to toe with swiss and germans, their use of guns was ahead of their their time and, specially, the profesional nature of their units allowed for true military operations that demanded a strong political identity and engagement that french, german or italian armies lacked. You make wonderful videos but I found this odd, much like the Cartagena de Indias video where you failed to point out any virtue of the Spanish army or its leader: Blas de Lezo.
That's why I like Academia Play better when it comes to Spanish history. If I learned anything from non Spanish speaking channels they are never well informed in Castile-Leon's and Aragon's history.
@William Ewart Gladstone they did take them as model for their arming and training of castillian pikemen but recruited castillians too. Their pikemen were not german, they hired germans in german territory and spanish in spanish territory
@William Ewart Gladstone point was non spanish speaking channels are never well informed about spanish history (which I agree) and you responded "their pikemen were german" Like ok, what that has to do with anything? And yeah Cartagena de Indias video was iffy, the spanish basically watched until the british got tired apparently lol
@William Ewart Gladstone so I've been doing some redearch and, even if my overall point still stands, I do have to admit you were right and I was wrong about the pikemen in cerignola. My bad, sorry about it and thanx for educating me.
I wonder what a average person must have been going through fighting these wars, only for a dude to watch them perish while finishing his supper in the 21st century. Give me the chills.
@@JohnWayneCheeseburger I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
Charles the VIII wasn't the first French king to die from striking his head on a door lintel while on horseback. Louis III (reigned 879-882) also died in this manner, falling from his horse after hitting his head, and suffering a skull fracture in the fall. Chroniclers of his reign say that the randy young king was attempting to chase a woman through a castle entrance when the accident occurred.
Merecido like👏 Llevo tiempo siguiendo este canal es lo mejor que he encontrado en UA-cam. Estoy aprendido Inglés y gracias a este canal me ha ayudado mucho aprender el idioma. Nunca pensé encontrar un video doblado al Español 😱 Dejo un like y lo comparto.
I love these videos, some of the best on UA-cam. I only wish the information windows that pop up throughout the video went a little slower, I have to pause to read all of them, especially the long ones. There’s so much rapidly changing information that I can’t track it all and read the info panels. I hate being critical of this channel, I’m thrilled we don’t have to pay for it!
Thank you, these are my favorite engagements and my favorite period of warfare to study. More Italian Wars and Italian Renaissance related content please. edit: I was also very happy to see you mention Caterina Sforza.
Nice video! Its a shame Gran Capitan doesnt get more recognition, even less one of his most bravest soldiers "the spanish samson" who fought against all, i hope one day he gets a video in one of these english history channels
Hello! :) First of all, thank you for another video! I discovered you channel some months ago, and I love the content. This time I was very surprised when I heard the words in Spanish, and, after reading that it was intended, I'm here to give some feedback. Firstly, as a Spanish speaker from Spain, I didn't mind that the accent wasn't mine, since that's what happens when your language is spoken in so many countries ;) Secondly, I liked the voice, even though I'm more used to the English one, of course. At last, but not least, it was a little bit odd how some names were pronounced, specially the French ones. In any case, I think it was a solid job, and I really enjoyed it! Thanks a lot for the effort, and see you in the next video! :)
So, we got French and reckless frontal charges as an iconic duo already, let us add Italians and rebelling into the mix. I swear, the moment the kings look the other way, a rebellion WILL happen.
@@hoonshiming99 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 1) Hard to say as we have no proof of the soldiers’ genealogy but I would say mostly the ancestors of the Turks. Much of Anatolia was conquered by the Seljuk Turks during the 11th century and it is possible that a good number of these Turkic soldiers would intermarry and settled with the natives. By the time the Ottomans came to power in the 14th - 15th century, it is believable that most of the populations in Anatolia would have a small portion of their genes related to these Seljuk Turkic soldiers. 2)”Best” is subjective but I can name a few that have a profound impact in history. Ottoman Empire, Seljuk Empire, Mughal Empire and Hunnic Empire (Subjective as origin is unclear if it’s predominantly Turkic or Proto-Mongolic or mixed of both). Descendants would be any Turkic nations you can think of such as Turkey. 3)Geographical location. Uzbeks, Azeris and Turkish people are located on the western part of the Turkic sphere where they are more likely to have Irani/Caucasian/ Arabian features due to close proximity and intermarrying with Iranian/Caucasian/Arabian people. Compared to Kazakhs who are located northeast of the Turkic sphere closer to Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan where they are likely to have Altaic/Mongolic features based on intermarrying.
If we based these empires’ origins located at modern day countries, then yes they are true except the Gokturk as they didn’t originate from modern Turkey or Azerbaijan.
France: "destroys the English army at Castillion with cannons, while being a fortified position" Also France: "The enemy are fortified and has guns and cannons too? CHARGE!!!"
A special mention to Diego García Paredes, the Spanish Hercules, who gave great account of himself in González de Córdoba's chronicles, as he charged with courage towards the French on his own in both battles.
@@acdragonrider I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@Oxtocoatl13 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 This seems a bit off topic but 1. Both, the Arabs destroyed Byzantine power in the Levant and North Africa, the Turks finished them in Anatolia. 2. Ottomans and Seljuks are the best known. 3. I have no answer to this, as I've never been to said places
Good lord, I got scared when the video started in Spanish, I mean, I'm Mexican and I liked the voice but it was surely a big surprise. Thanks for the hard work.
@@lysimaquetokmok6755 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
I really like the idea of expanding your content to other languages. One thing I should point out though is that, when I started watching, for some reason it was automatically set to switch back and forth between audio tracks. I did manage to figure out how to fix it and I’m not sure if that is something that gets set up on your end but if it is, you might want to just set it to one or the other or put instructions in the description on how to fix it.
@@_Aemse I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@SimuLord I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer 1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire? 2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants? 3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
After the Battle of Cerignola Spain became the first power in the world, surpassing his biggest enemy, France. This is how important this battle was for Spain.
That's like saying Rocroi made France more powerful than Spain, which it didn't. Stop trying to oversimplify long political changes into a single battle. In reality Spain's rise to dominance happened over a period of decades in the early 1500's and it retained this dominance until around the mid 1600's.
The French had a penchant for overzealous charges against superior positions, all too eager to believe their own hype on chivalric courage. Attacking an entrenched force after you've marched all day just an hour before sunset is certainly a prime example.
@@morewi You know all commanders did that during WW1 right ? They really believed in offensive because it was the only way to break the deadlock. Also, in this war most of the notorious butchers weren't French, but were generally Austrians or Italians (especially Cadorna).
Somehow, upon seeing the thumbnail, I read "Pizza Wars #2" and still perfectly understood what was actually written there and didn't see a problem with that for like three seconds.
muchas gracia por tus videos. Es muy dificil encontrar videos sobre batallas menores como esta, donde se puede apreciar la estrategia militar. Me encanta que los hagas tambien en español, asi no tengo que estar leyendo los subtitulos en ingles. 10
I wish you would do more documentaries on the crusades (ie: Battle of Ager Sanguinis/Field of Blood, Jacobs Ford, Seige of Antioch 1099, Montisgard, Dorylaeum, etc.) Sooooo Interesting!!!!!!!!! THANKS Your 3rd crusade one is awesome!
Рік тому+2
Well, in general it was a good summary, although I would have liked it to be in English, since as a Hispanic, I would prefer this phase of the Italian Wars to be spread more easily in the world. Now there are several corrections regarding the Spanish intervention, the first is that after the defeat of Seminara and the withdrawal of the king of Naples, Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (the Great Captain) did not retreat to Sicily as you say, but rather remained in Calabria harassing the French forces with guerrilla tactics and rapid attacks on weak points, managing to reconquer the region and then happening what you put in the video. The second Correction is regarding the Battle of Ceriñola, the Spanish forces in front had 800 harquebusiers (not 2000) divided into 4 formations of 200 harquebusiers entrenched behind a ditch and the vineyards (as shown in the video), behind them they had 4,000 Spanish infantry and 1,500 lansquenets, while on the flanks they had 300 heavy cavalry on the right, while on the left they had another 300 knights and 800 light cavalry; Regarding the French, your numbers are fine, but Nemour's charge was with 800 gendarmes, not 200. The third and final correction is in the Battle of Garellano, the French forces that outnumbered the Spanish (23,000 vs 15,000), they managed to cross correctly due to a successful night attack at the mouth of the river, but they were not unable to maintain the position for more than a week, in which after furious counterattacks they had to withdraw, leaving 2000 dead (so at the time of the battle, there were no French camping on the Spanish side) and the other thing is that the final attack by Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (El Gran Capitan) that occurred between the night of the 27th until the sunset of December 29, was first divided into two crosses (to the north as you placed with a pontoon bridge and to the south on another bridge placed by the French in previous attacks), all taking advantage of the bad weather and poor visibility, while later when he gathered his troops to pursue the French who were retreating towards Gaeta, he divided the advance into three different columns that then broke the last French resistance halfway to the city of Gaeta. Now, I know that the next thing I will say is not your fault, but rather it is due to the prejudices and disinterest of the historiography of central and northern Europe for poorly researching Spanish sources and not recognizing the legitimate military innovations that Spain made, which which leads to a figure as important as Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (Grand Captain) being little recognized as the great military genius that he was and that the Catholic Monarchs are also not seen as those who carried out the first great modernization of a European army, ending with it being incorrectly said that Gustavus Adolfus of Sweden was the supposed "father of modern warfare", when in reality that title belongs to the Grand Captain; Gonzalo was the one who invented the Coronelias composed of 6000 soldiers (divided into companies, giving a proportion of 2:2:1, the first two being pikemen and harquebusiers, with only one of rodeleros) which was the direct predecessor of the Tercios and He was the first general in all of history to correctly combine and massify the harquebuses along with the pikeman infantry, accompanied by light cavalry to wear down the enemy; He used the professional infantry companies (which the Catholic kings gave him after their modernization reforms) in such an effective tactical way, which can be comparable to what would be seen later in the 18th century (an example being the mobility he used in the battle of Garellano) and began the Spanish tradition of dominating the battlefields with superiority in firearms (such as the harquebus and the musket) for almost an entire century, until the reforms of Maurice of Nassau modified the formations into less dense groups and elongated that would optimize shooting, but not with more firepower as they often say incorrectly (the Spanish had a similar number of muskets as the Dutch). Proof that the Tercios were never a slow mass of pikes and with little firepower is that according to the historian Eduardo Mesa Gallego, the different Spanish military ordinances of the 16th century caused each Tercio to go from being a total of 2000 pikemen and 1000 harquebusiers divided into 10 companies of 300 (the companies had autonomy and were grouped depending on what the Captain said), to form in the year 1598 (just before the battle of Nieuwpoort in 1600) a total of 1300 pikemen and 1,200 musketeers divided into 10 companies of 250, progressively reducing the number of pikes until they only formed 40% of the total of 1,500 or 1,000 soldiers that made up each Tercio for the first half of the 17th century. The Lyon of North was only the one that carried out the last reform of the European armies of the 17th century, on which Gonzalo Fernández de Cordoba started a century before and Maurice modified it later; His great contribution to the system was the divisions into Brigades, the use of cannons of smaller calibers and to give prominence again to cavalry charges, but the infantry base was always based on what the Spanish had created, which lasted until pikes were stopped being used in the year 1700.
Nemours: All right, we've marched all day, our troops are tired, the night is coming, the spanish are well positioned behind ditches and trenches with cannons and pikes, what shall we do? Officer n°1: How about we set up camp, send scouts to make reconnaissence on their positions and try to fill the ditches tomorrow when your troops will be fresh? Officer n°2: I say we charge at them Nemours: My god you're brilliant, ÉLAN!!!
Let it be noted, that the death of Pierre Teillard Lord of Bayard ("The Knight without Fear and Beyond Reproach") symbolizes the end of the Age of Chivalry: a great noble knight (and Marshall of France) shot from a distance and in the back by a commoner arquebusier mercenary. From now on, the latter will now form the backbone of modern armies, gradually relegating the armored knight to the rank of Antiquity.
İf the French had subscribed and pressed the bell button, they would have known that the spanish and german had digged a ditch in the battle of Cerignola 🤔😄
I'm very excited for the League of Cambrai, and in particular, how the Venetians managed to pull a diplomatic houdini of somehow preserving their empire against a massive coalition against them.
In 1508 the emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman empire tried to invade the venetian territory, however he was severely defeated at the battle of Cadore (Battaglia di Cadore) the Venetian managed to take many other cities and reached there peak, however few months later the league of Cambrai was formed. Sorry for the bad English
It would have been very interesting if the Challenge of Barletta had also been analysed, which took place during the winter of 1503, I think so because this event was very important in establishing a strong alliance between the Spaniards and the Neapolitans.
The History of war seems to consist of periods of highly mobile and fast warfare followed by periods where large, strong, static formations are the norm and then back again.
I like how you said that we learn why it's bad to expand on the backs of your allies. Sometimes, relying on allies too much is bad which is why rulers have to agree on one thing, sometimes they cannot rely on each other too much to the point of compromising their own Kingdoms. In my books, the Sacred Valoryan Empire does not rely on allies to help them all the time, nor does the Fair High Kingdom of Britonnia nor do the High Elves of Celestor nor do the Dwarves of Thulamdor. They only work together specifically when it is a huge war. Other than that, they expand individually when there is a fair amount of peace and they make trade with one another to stabilize relations.
![Lp. Сердце Вселенной #60 РОЖДЕНИЕ ЛОЛОЛОШКИ [Финал] • Майнкрафт](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/YoR0pAV9FVQ/mqdefault.jpg)
First episode in the series - Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: ua-cam.com/video/Ct43H3MW_DA/v-deo.html This video is also dubbed in Spanish for the first time in the history of our channel. You can switch to the Spanish audio track here - prnt.sc/1smcojr This is a test, so give us some constructive feedback, please. Share it with your Spanish-speaking friends and family, so they can tell us what they think about the translation! We want to add more languages and expand on this, but need to know if there is enough interest.
Hi, Kings and Generals. You are my favorite channel. I don't know if you are aware of the differences between the two type of Spanish Dubs that are typically used: for Spain and for Latin America. The thing is, people from Spain love the Spanish one and people from Latin America the other one, which is logical. Since I am from Spain, I don't like the Latin American Dub and I prefer 100% to listen to OfficiallyDevin's magnificent voice. This is of course 100% subjective and all my respects to the Dub that has been incorporated to this video. As a suggestion, it would be great if you could also produce a Dub with Spanish from Spain. Many greetings and once again, your channel is pure gold.
Wow, thanks! I have wished to share your channel with my non-English speaking folks for such a long time... and the time has come! I can also see a lot of your videos being included in history class syllabi around our 550-million strong linguistic community. (Although it will never be the exact same experience without OfficiallyDevin bringing that unique tone to narrate the stories of misadventurous kings that decide to charge forward without scouting the forests for possible traps! 😀
@@restitutororbis1 I hear you on that. I also recall that while I was a child in Spain, all our Disney cartoons were dubbed in neutral "Latin American" Spanish , while the rest of our TV programs were in Iberian Spanish and we as kids didn't care. It seemed only logical that Snowhite or Bugs Bunny had a softer, different accent. But I get your point.
I like it is dubbed in Spanish. The dubber is trying to do an excellent job (although I would allow him a few runs before judging him, he needs to find his own tone that convey epic, just as OfficiallyDevin did over time, and that takes a bit of iterations and practice). Just a tip: in pronouncing Kings & Generals, he may want to say it in English (including using the pallatal non-gutural sound English-speakers use for "G" in saying Generals, instead the "H" sound he uses, i.e. as in "Happy"). Kings and Generals is a personal name and should not be dubbed. But a super job!!!
I'm Turkish and i dont understand speak English. But no problem i like you!
You know you’re fighting an Italian war when you could barely fit the legend for all factions on a single page
And that is the *simplified* version
Lmao
I completely agree!
Hehe...just wait 'til they get to the War of the League of Cambrai. The participants change sides so much, you'll think there are NO factions at all. I can see a general then saying "We're fighting THEM now? I was supposed to have supper with the commander and his family next week!" to which one of his subordinates says, "Well, that's still possible."
It's really odd that France and Spain, two neighboring countries, were so determined to fight a massy war far from home.
Hello! I’m Johan, writer and researcher for the video! I’m very excited to bring you chapter two of our series on the Italian wars. A lot of events took place, so some had to be cut, but I’ll add some notes on interesting things that did not make the final cut.
2:40 The Neapolese reconquest of Naples is an interesting war, with Italian condottieri changing sides (such as the Colonna joining the Spanish and the Orsini joining the French), Aragonese, Venetian and Nepoletan attacks and the desperate defence of the French-Scottish general Berault Stuart d'Aubigny and Montpensier in the south, attempting to resist without much help from his king who was cash-strapped after Fornovo. Battles that took place were the First battle of Seminara 1495, Battle of Eboli, the siege of the Neapolitan Castles, the battle of Montecalvo and the Siege of Atella
4:07 The conflict between Pisa and Florence is very much a David vs Goliath story, and the conflict became a proxy war between Milanese and Venetian, and later French against Spanish, while France slowly lost the coastal towns in Tuscany. Also, it was the time where Savonarola ruled the city of Florence.
14:33 Capitana was especially important for the finances of the Kingdom, as Foggia was fundamental to control the most lucrative income of the kingdom, the “dogana delle pecore”, the tax on the practice of herding sheep to the mountains in the summer to graze the fresh grass, called “transumanza”. We are talking about millions of sheep, so saying that a war between France and Spain began because of a 'Flock of sheep', while funny and not entirely incorrect, is a bit oversimplified. :)
15:18 There were a lot of small military actions, battles and skirmishes between Autumn 1502- Spring 1503 (Siege of Canosa, Battle of Ruvo, Second battle of Seminara 1502, not to mention local nobles). During the stalemate, a number of duels were held between the knights of the two armies on neutral Venetian soil, the most famous of which was the “Disfida di Barletta” where 13 Italian knights won against 13 French, an episode famous in the Italian historiography and nation-creating conscience in the last centuries.
15:32 The French defeat at the Third Battle of Seminara 1503 came a week before the Battle of Cerignola, completely destroying the French presence in the Kingdom.
18:30 "first time mass arquebuses were used" as in for the first time they were used in great numbers and strategically, not the first time they were used in battle, to clear up any confusion
If you have any other questions you are welcome to ask them!
Sources utilized in the video:
-Le guerre d’Italia, Marco Pellegrini
-The Italian Wars, 1494-1559, Michael Mallett and Christine Shaw
-Storia d’Italia, Guicciardini
-Il Principe, Machiavelli
-Storia di Milano, Piero Verri
-Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Treccani
-A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century, Charles Oman
-Historia del rey Don Fernando el Católico. De las empresas, y ligas de Italia, Jerónimo Zurita
-Consalvo di Cordova e la Battaglia di Cerignola, Pietro Pieri
-La battaglia del Garigliano del 1503, Duilio Ruggiero
Bravo 👏 Johan
Haven't watched this episode yet, but i still want to say that I'm excited for the episode on the battle of Pavia
Thank you Johan. nicely done.
@@cj-hw3pv Thanks!
@@GeldtheGelded Still a few episodes before Pavia, Charles V was a toddler in 1503 :)
Cordoba seems like an impressive commander didn't really know about him until now.
El Gran Capitan!
@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE Not really ! The main improvement that de Cordoba made was combining more firearms with pike formations. These would evolve into the Tercio formations of later Spanish armies. No fueron los "germanos" la diferencia.
He wasn't known as el gran capitan without reason
Don Fernando González de Cordoba was one of the best commanders of his time if not the best. He created the famous Tercios and their tactics which involves a close coordination between melee infantry, range infantry, cavalry and artillery, something that today is quite obvious but in those times it not used, every unit moved like an indeoendent thing and not combined. He's also known as El Gran Capitán, The Great Captain.
@@Huma270490 Thanks for this insightful response. I read his wiki and noticed there seemed to be a big problem with him being Castillian.
"The end of the battle saw the first time a "call to prayer" (toque de oracion) was issued, a practice that was later adopted by most Western armies, when the Great Captain, upon seeing the fields full of French bodies (who, like the Spaniards, were Christian), ordered three long tones to be played and his troops to pray for all the fallen."
Gonzalo de Córdoba. The man should get FAR more attention than he does.
He was a brilliant commander, one of the best in European history.
As for the larger war, even as someone who is fascinating by this stuff, I sometimes find keeping track of all of the names and players and factions difficult. Wow this era was complicated.
Estas en todos los comentarios cuestionando que la gente diga que el gran Capitán fue UNO de los mejores generales de la historia de Europa, lo cual es incuestionable. Te da rabia o que. Igual el que debería estudiar más eres tú.
@@rubencuadros7174 My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
@@tsmlaska7761 The Byzantines were destroyed by someone's ancestors, that's for sure.
@@rubencuadros7174 when and who? Which nation😂😂😂
@@tsmlaska7761 By the Turks in the 15th century.
Although by then I don't think there was much left of the once mighty Byzantine empire.
Amazing that Italy was already such a popular tourist destination in the early 16th century.
it was the richest place in europe of course you would try to conquer it...
@@parabelluminvicta8380 considering colonization, i imagine sevilla, antwerp and london being richer
@@TheLiquelique colonization was still in its infancy during this period... even aztec still exists at this time
It always has been
I speak Spanish and even so I preferred the English version, because author’s voice is awesome
I freaked out when I started hearing the Spanish voice, I had to check what channel I was watching xD.
I was looking for a setting to turn it off. It’s random, it became jarring. I wouldn’t mind if the spaniard side was narrated in Spanish but then would we do the same for the French and Italian? It wasn’t a good choice. It made me atop watching after the repeated cutting in and out at random spots in the videos
@@gdbalck Completely agree. I had to stop watching too. If this channel keeps doing this to their videos, I will unsubscribe and stop watching.
@@javiersoria3913 I legit thought UA-cam added a feature where they translate everything and I was somehow turning it off and on lol 😂
My native language is Spanish, and i think that is awesome to hear Kings and Generals in my language... But the English voice is really awesome, so i rather English version too.
I was audibly confused when the Spanish track played. I thought I was in Reyes y Generales.
Reyes y Generales*
@@Marshal_Rock I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
i got stunned and spanish is my native language
Another well done video.
Some comments though:
Gonzalo de Cordoba or El Gran Capitan had great influence on modern warfare. After his defeat at Seminara ( which he told Frederico we will lose as Spanish troops were used to engaging mobile Moorish adversaries and thus were lightly armored in compared to the French) De Cordoba reorganized his army. He converted roughly 2/3s of his crossbows to arqubisiers with the remaining Spanish infantry to sword and buckler infantry with some crossbows. The landsknechts were brought in to provide the pikes as the Spanish had not fully developed that arm. He also understood that his army could not meet the French on even terms so he changed the equation by digging in behind a stream and letting the French come to him. More detailed accounts of the battle showed that he had converted the ditch into a modern day kill zone which negated the strength of the Swiss pikes and French cavalry. He understood the effects of terrain on armies and used it to his advantage. Some consider De Cordoba the progenitor of the first modern general. He was not called El Gran Capitan for nothing.
The French reverting to the tried and true tactic of charging frontally after long marches and before having scouted the enemy positions.
you think they would have learnt after agincourt. but no when all else fails just do what we know best.
@@lahire4943 truth br told that still hadn't learnt by boridino or waterloo.
@@bobjk3455 this tactic was either a disaster or a huge win. I can name battles in with the French cavalry charges failed and just as many who were victorious. All depend the ones you choose to remember
@@lahire4943 well thats literally what napoleon did at boridino, he just sent his entire army in massed frontal assaults until the russians had to retreat. he sort of maybe won at least he pushed the russians out of the way to moscow for all the good that achived. but he lost huge numbers of soliders litterally marching straight into to cannon fire.
@@lahire4943
thats thats true lol.
also the french used this tactic again in siege of sabestpol in the crimean war and at solferino which they won but was a total bloodbath and led to the red cross being established.
and the british were mad enough to try it in against artillery at balaklava.
I’m sure those Borgias were stopped by an assassin called Ezio
Nothing is true, everything is Permitted
insieme per la vittoria!
Insieme!
Ahh, so Ezio is running around during all of this. Cool.
I thought the same thing!!
Is Spanish not Italian guys
@@MashPlays ezio was italian bro and this are the italian wars
@@michaellopresti6795 guess I haven’t gotten to him yet
@@MashPlays bruh moment
Gonzalo FERNÁNDEZ de Córdoba. Pay respect to one of the greatest generals in the worlds history, and the creator of the Tercios that dominanted Europe for 2 centuries
Exciting Sunday Evening with King & Generals watching from the Philippines.
My fellow countryman.
@@paulstephensia1412 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 1: the Arabs of old and the Seljuk Turks weakened the Byzantine Empire made worse by the arrival of the Western European knights and lords, the Ottoman Empire ended the Byzantine Empire when they captured Constantinople in 1453.
2 the worlds’ known Turkish Empires are the Seljuk Turks, the Mamluks of Egypt and then the most famous of them the one that later conquered both Arabs, Greeks, Slavs, Magyars, and other fellow Turks were the Ottomans that lasted until the 1st World War,p.
3:Turkish and Mongols migrated from their ancestral lands looking for new places to settle others mingled with the local population forming new gene pools, both of the said ethnicities were conquerors of several nations and kingdoms so it is not a surprise that they can be seen in Asia since that is the place they came from, Mongols came from the desert of Mongolia from nomadic tribes later sets themselves as the most dominant group after conquering the Chinese Empire later followed by their conquest of the near East and Eastern Europe in modern day Russia, the Turks made their migration from Asia possibly the land they came from is modern day Kazakhstan, the Turks settled in Anatolia after taking it from the Byzantines, so it is not unusual to see that people from these certain ethnic groups mingled with one another and inherited some features of one from the next passing it down to the modern world.
Also it’s been centuries past since this events so there’s been plenty of people of both races to intermarriage with each other.
@@paulstephensia1412 My friend, I know that no race is purebred in the world, but where are the European genetics of anyone other than the Slavs in Asia, where the Kazakhs mixed with a nation with European genetics in Asia and took its current appearance? , other than that, Ottoman Empire Anatolian Turks My ancestors or another Turkish people?
@@tsmlaska7761 that is something I’m not so sure but the most common could be Russian heritage because after the founding of the Russian Empire they expanded to parts of the Ottoman Empire’s territories also after the fall of both Russian and Ottomans empires during the 1st World War and the rise of the USSR they already had some Asian holdings so it is probably Russian DNA that contributes to the European Gene of some Kazakhs, just a slight assumption.
I love the Italian Wars very much How good it is that there are such videos!
Spanish speaker here, I appreciate that you take us into consideration but the narration in English is superior thanks to the author's voice, I think that having the option to activate the subtitles in Spanish is enough.
Im a spanish speaker and I don't agree with you I like the Spanish narration, also other spanish speakers would prefer it.
It's always better if you can have a multi-language multi-subtitled video, that you reach more audience but yes, the narrator it's just objectively better in English. That can be improved though
I thought my UA-cam was bugged lol
As a guy who lives in Italy(Abruzzo) and a big fan of Assassin's creed 2 and Brotherhood i really enjoyed this one... thank you
Ac fan here too, love Italy from China
Spain gained total supremacy over Naples, and it was to hold onto this until the War of the Spanish Succession.
Even after that the kings of Naples were spanish borbons, Carlos III of Spain was king of Naples, and Ferdinand IV was his son.
@@smal750 The Bourborns were ORIGINALLY French, but became kings of Spain after 1713. Minor heirs of this branch, called the Spanish Bourbons, were made kings of Naples / Two Sicilies. And they held onto the Italian throne for a long time. How can you be so sure in your ignorance?
@@ikad5229 that doesn't make them Spanish, it makes them rulers of spain.
@@hessen5498 The branch of the Spanish Bourbons IS Spanish, even though the origin is French...
I really appreciate the effort of translating the videos into different languages but have to admit that after tried the new dubbed version in Spanish, I much prefer the English one , since it completely transmits the emotion of the story . The Spanish locution is very plain and lacks of emotion at all.
I agree with you. The Spanish dub is very emotionless. I also think it breaks up the flow of the script.
I think they had to as part of the sponsorship deal…. Although I’m not sure
They need a better narrator
Same. I speak both and the Spanish won sounded so off. Almost robotic
@@tawgenal No, It is youtube's audio track feature. You can change the language in audio track settings.
Great work as always, been following you since the Battle of Kadesh. Seeing you guys get this far is cathartic
Aprecio la versión en español. I never thought i was going to listen a Spanish (even if it lacks of passion) version video of yours here in your channel. Thank you so much
I must agree with many comments that signal the lack of acknowledgement of Spanish infantry profesionality that was unparalel in Europe. Their pikemen went toe to toe with swiss and germans, their use of guns was ahead of their their time and, specially, the profesional nature of their units allowed for true military operations that demanded a strong political identity and engagement that french, german or italian armies lacked. You make wonderful videos but I found this odd, much like the Cartagena de Indias video where you failed to point out any virtue of the Spanish army or its leader: Blas de Lezo.
That's why I like Academia Play better when it comes to Spanish history.
If I learned anything from non Spanish speaking channels they are never well informed in Castile-Leon's and Aragon's history.
@William Ewart Gladstone they did take them as model for their arming and training of castillian pikemen but recruited castillians too. Their pikemen were not german, they hired germans in german territory and spanish in spanish territory
@William Ewart Gladstone hard coping i see
@William Ewart Gladstone point was non spanish speaking channels are never well informed about spanish history (which I agree) and you responded "their pikemen were german" Like ok, what that has to do with anything?
And yeah Cartagena de Indias video was iffy, the spanish basically watched until the british got tired apparently lol
@William Ewart Gladstone so I've been doing some redearch and, even if my overall point still stands, I do have to admit you were right and I was wrong about the pikemen in cerignola. My bad, sorry about it and thanx for educating me.
Just finished making supper, time to sit down for some Kings and Generals.
Evening dragon its 7am for me lol
The good life
I wonder what a average person must have been going through fighting these wars, only for a dude to watch them perish while finishing his supper in the 21st century. Give me the chills.
@@maverick7291 I had pork chops, potatoes, carrots. haha Had I been paying attention to the updates for their schedule I would have had Italian.
@@JohnWayneCheeseburger I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
This channel is just spectacular. Having the option for a Spanish dub, is just extra on top of spectacular!
Nothing like a good KnG video to go with lunch :D Amazing job!
Wow, I was just commenting on a previous video for some more commentary on the Italian Wars! KaG keeps delivering
Excelente traducción, espero que sigan así con muchos videos más!!
i like how you show the names of the factions, its super helpful towards people like me who don’t know much about this time period
Charles the VIII wasn't the first French king to die from striking his head on a door lintel while on horseback. Louis III (reigned 879-882) also died in this manner, falling from his horse after hitting his head, and suffering a skull fracture in the fall. Chroniclers of his reign say that the randy young king was attempting to chase a woman through a castle entrance when the accident occurred.
meanwhile how your king pass away french replied increasing of lust
Dying on horseback, chasing a woman through the garden.
The most french way to die.
892*
Many French defeats during this time seem to be caused by the same thing, a triumphant charge of a glory-seeking commander into unknown territory.
The greatest history channel of all time
Merecido like👏
Llevo tiempo siguiendo este canal es lo mejor que he encontrado en UA-cam.
Estoy aprendido Inglés y gracias a este canal me ha ayudado mucho aprender el idioma. Nunca pensé encontrar un video doblado al Español 😱
Dejo un like y lo comparto.
I love these videos, some of the best on UA-cam. I only wish the information windows that pop up throughout the video went a little slower, I have to pause to read all of them, especially the long ones. There’s so much rapidly changing information that I can’t track it all and read the info panels. I hate being critical of this channel, I’m thrilled we don’t have to pay for it!
Thank you, these are my favorite engagements and my favorite period of warfare to study. More Italian Wars and Italian Renaissance related content please.
edit: I was also very happy to see you mention Caterina Sforza.
This series is amazing. Please more
Nice video! Its a shame Gran Capitan doesnt get more recognition, even less one of his most bravest soldiers "the spanish samson" who fought against all, i hope one day he gets a video in one of these english history channels
Really good documentary!
Keep it up
Excelente decisión doblar al idioma español, muchas gracias ❤
Hello! :) First of all, thank you for another video! I discovered you channel some months ago, and I love the content. This time I was very surprised when I heard the words in Spanish, and, after reading that it was intended, I'm here to give some feedback.
Firstly, as a Spanish speaker from Spain, I didn't mind that the accent wasn't mine, since that's what happens when your language is spoken in so many countries ;) Secondly, I liked the voice, even though I'm more used to the English one, of course. At last, but not least, it was a little bit odd how some names were pronounced, specially the French ones.
In any case, I think it was a solid job, and I really enjoyed it! Thanks a lot for the effort, and see you in the next video! :)
So, we got French and reckless frontal charges as an iconic duo already, let us add Italians and rebelling into the mix.
I swear, the moment the kings look the other way, a rebellion WILL happen.
I would say Italians and betrayal would be a better duo.
@@hoonshiming99 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 1) Hard to say as we have no proof of the soldiers’ genealogy but I would say mostly the ancestors of the Turks. Much of Anatolia was conquered by the Seljuk Turks during the 11th century and it is possible that a good number of these Turkic soldiers would intermarry and settled with the natives. By the time the Ottomans came to power in the 14th - 15th century, it is believable that most of the populations in Anatolia would have a small portion of their genes related to these Seljuk Turkic soldiers.
2)”Best” is subjective but I can name a few that have a profound impact in history. Ottoman Empire, Seljuk Empire, Mughal Empire and Hunnic Empire (Subjective as origin is unclear if it’s predominantly Turkic or Proto-Mongolic or mixed of both). Descendants would be any Turkic nations you can think of such as Turkey.
3)Geographical location. Uzbeks, Azeris and Turkish people are located on the western part of the Turkic sphere where they are more likely to have Irani/Caucasian/ Arabian features due to close proximity and intermarrying with Iranian/Caucasian/Arabian people. Compared to Kazakhs who are located northeast of the Turkic sphere closer to Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan where they are likely to have Altaic/Mongolic features based on intermarrying.
@@hoonshiming99 Ottomans = Turkey ? True or false
Uzbekistan = Timurid ? True or false
Gokturk = ALL
If we based these empires’ origins located at modern day countries, then yes they are true except the Gokturk as they didn’t originate from modern Turkey or Azerbaijan.
France: "destroys the English army at Castillion with cannons, while being a fortified position"
Also France: "The enemy are fortified and has guns and cannons too? CHARGE!!!"
Love the channel, excited for every vid. But the switching back and fourth in languages isn’t for me.
Apple specific issue, not on our end, sorry
@@KingsandGenerals nw then, great video!
A special mention to Diego García Paredes, the Spanish Hercules, who gave great account of himself in González de Córdoba's chronicles, as he charged with courage towards the French on his own in both battles.
Gracias por la traducción!
Hay mucho contenido muy interesantes!
Thank you for this video-from Spain:)
Perfect start to the morning 😁
Battle of Cerignola: Caesar at Alesia approved.
And Gettysburg/Fredericksburg
Wars are won by the side with the faster shoveling technique.
@@acdragonrider I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@Oxtocoatl13 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@tsmlaska7761 This seems a bit off topic but 1. Both, the Arabs destroyed Byzantine power in the Levant and North Africa, the Turks finished them in Anatolia.
2. Ottomans and Seljuks are the best known.
3. I have no answer to this, as I've never been to said places
Those Medieval Kingdoms : 1212AD animations are an icing on the cake
Thank you for sharing the history of my ancestor: 'El Capitan Cordoba'.
Good lord, I got scared when the video started in Spanish, I mean, I'm Mexican and I liked the voice but it was surely a big surprise. Thanks for the hard work.
Still waiting for a Kings and General video that's a flop... The new graphics are a killer and I'm learning so much from your content!
Can you ever do the Battle of Malplaquet or Ramilies? We could use some Spanish succession ones here
@@lysimaquetokmok6755 I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
I really like the idea of expanding your content to other languages. One thing I should point out though is that, when I started watching, for some reason it was automatically set to switch back and forth between audio tracks. I did manage to figure out how to fix it and I’m not sure if that is something that gets set up on your end but if it is, you might want to just set it to one or the other or put instructions in the description on how to fix it.
It is a bug that we are working on right now
This just makes me want to play eu4 again
right! venetian vassal swarm go brrrt! lol
@@_Aemse I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
@@SimuLord I have 3 questions, I will be glad if you answer
1) My friend, did the ancestors of the Arabs or the ancestors of the Turks destroyed the Byzantine empire?
2) Who are the world's best-known Turkish empires and their descendants?
3) Why do Uzbeks and Azeris look like Anatolian Turks, but half of Kazakhs look like Anatolian Turks, half of them look like Mongols and Kyrgyz people look like Mongols?
After the Battle of Cerignola Spain became the first power in the world, surpassing his biggest enemy, France. This is how important this battle was for Spain.
That's like saying Rocroi made France more powerful than Spain, which it didn't. Stop trying to oversimplify long political changes into a single battle. In reality Spain's rise to dominance happened over a period of decades in the early 1500's and it retained this dominance until around the mid 1600's.
French: “Chaaaaaaarge!”
Spanish: “Pew, pew, pew!”
I'm so happy this episode was narrated in Spanish
The French had a penchant for overzealous charges against superior positions, all too eager to believe their own hype on chivalric courage. Attacking an entrenched force after you've marched all day just an hour before sunset is certainly a prime example.
@@morewi You know all commanders did that during WW1 right ? They really believed in offensive because it was the only way to break the deadlock. Also, in this war most of the notorious butchers weren't French, but were generally Austrians or Italians (especially Cadorna).
Somehow, upon seeing the thumbnail, I read "Pizza Wars #2" and still perfectly understood what was actually written there and didn't see a problem with that for like three seconds.
muchas gracia por tus videos. Es muy dificil encontrar videos sobre batallas menores como esta, donde se puede apreciar la estrategia militar. Me encanta que los hagas tambien en español, asi no tengo que estar leyendo los subtitulos en ingles. 10
Excellent video as always .
Holy... i thought i pick the wrong video after hearing my own language
Buen trabajo!
I wish you would do more documentaries on the crusades (ie: Battle of Ager Sanguinis/Field of Blood, Jacobs Ford, Seige of Antioch 1099, Montisgard, Dorylaeum, etc.) Sooooo Interesting!!!!!!!!! THANKS Your 3rd crusade one is awesome!
Well, in general it was a good summary, although I would have liked it to be in English, since as a Hispanic, I would prefer this phase of the Italian Wars to be spread more easily in the world. Now there are several corrections regarding the Spanish intervention, the first is that after the defeat of Seminara and the withdrawal of the king of Naples, Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (the Great Captain) did not retreat to Sicily as you say, but rather remained in Calabria harassing the French forces with guerrilla tactics and rapid attacks on weak points, managing to reconquer the region and then happening what you put in the video. The second Correction is regarding the Battle of Ceriñola, the Spanish forces in front had 800 harquebusiers (not 2000) divided into 4 formations of 200 harquebusiers entrenched behind a ditch and the vineyards (as shown in the video), behind them they had 4,000 Spanish infantry and 1,500 lansquenets, while on the flanks they had 300 heavy cavalry on the right, while on the left they had another 300 knights and 800 light cavalry; Regarding the French, your numbers are fine, but Nemour's charge was with 800 gendarmes, not 200. The third and final correction is in the Battle of Garellano, the French forces that outnumbered the Spanish (23,000 vs 15,000), they managed to cross correctly due to a successful night attack at the mouth of the river, but they were not unable to maintain the position for more than a week, in which after furious counterattacks they had to withdraw, leaving 2000 dead (so at the time of the battle, there were no French camping on the Spanish side) and the other thing is that the final attack by Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (El Gran Capitan) that occurred between the night of the 27th until the sunset of December 29, was first divided into two crosses (to the north as you placed with a pontoon bridge and to the south on another bridge placed by the French in previous attacks), all taking advantage of the bad weather and poor visibility, while later when he gathered his troops to pursue the French who were retreating towards Gaeta, he divided the advance into three different columns that then broke the last French resistance halfway to the city of Gaeta.
Now, I know that the next thing I will say is not your fault, but rather it is due to the prejudices and disinterest of the historiography of central and northern Europe for poorly researching Spanish sources and not recognizing the legitimate military innovations that Spain made, which which leads to a figure as important as Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (Grand Captain) being little recognized as the great military genius that he was and that the Catholic Monarchs are also not seen as those who carried out the first great modernization of a European army, ending with it being incorrectly said that Gustavus Adolfus of Sweden was the supposed "father of modern warfare", when in reality that title belongs to the Grand Captain; Gonzalo was the one who invented the Coronelias composed of 6000 soldiers (divided into companies, giving a proportion of 2:2:1, the first two being pikemen and harquebusiers, with only one of rodeleros) which was the direct predecessor of the Tercios and He was the first general in all of history to correctly combine and massify the harquebuses along with the pikeman infantry, accompanied by light cavalry to wear down the enemy; He used the professional infantry companies (which the Catholic kings gave him after their modernization reforms) in such an effective tactical way, which can be comparable to what would be seen later in the 18th century (an example being the mobility he used in the battle of Garellano) and began the Spanish tradition of dominating the battlefields with superiority in firearms (such as the harquebus and the musket) for almost an entire century, until the reforms of Maurice of Nassau modified the formations into less dense groups and elongated that would optimize shooting, but not with more firepower as they often say incorrectly (the Spanish had a similar number of muskets as the Dutch). Proof that the Tercios were never a slow mass of pikes and with little firepower is that according to the historian Eduardo Mesa Gallego, the different Spanish military ordinances of the 16th century caused each Tercio to go from being a total of 2000 pikemen and 1000 harquebusiers divided into 10 companies of 300 (the companies had autonomy and were grouped depending on what the Captain said), to form in the year 1598 (just before the battle of Nieuwpoort in 1600) a total of 1300 pikemen and 1,200 musketeers divided into 10 companies of 250, progressively reducing the number of pikes until they only formed 40% of the total of 1,500 or 1,000 soldiers that made up each Tercio for the first half of the 17th century. The Lyon of North was only the one that carried out the last reform of the European armies of the 17th century, on which Gonzalo Fernández de Cordoba started a century before and Maurice modified it later; His great contribution to the system was the divisions into Brigades, the use of cannons of smaller calibers and to give prominence again to cavalry charges, but the infantry base was always based on what the Spanish had created, which lasted until pikes were stopped being used in the year 1700.
God: How many factions do you wish to fight in your territory over the control of your country?
Italians: *YES*
Also Germany 😆
Nemours: All right, we've marched all day, our troops are tired, the night is coming, the spanish are well positioned behind ditches and trenches with cannons and pikes, what shall we do?
Officer n°1: How about we set up camp, send scouts to make reconnaissence on their positions and try to fill the ditches tomorrow when your troops will be fresh?
Officer n°2: I say we charge at them
Nemours: My god you're brilliant, ÉLAN!!!
Let it be noted, that the death of Pierre Teillard Lord of Bayard ("The Knight without Fear and Beyond Reproach") symbolizes the end of the Age of Chivalry: a great noble knight (and Marshall of France) shot from a distance and in the back by a commoner arquebusier mercenary. From now on, the latter will now form the backbone of modern armies, gradually relegating the armored knight to the rank of Antiquity.
I was waiting so much for this!
Here is hoping forvideos on Cesare Borgia and his campaigns!
Why can't I pay for seeing this great channel's great videos ?
İf the French had subscribed and pressed the bell button, they would have known that the spanish and german had digged a ditch in the battle of Cerignola 🤔😄
Excuse my French
Aunque estoy acostumbrado a la voz del viejo narrador inglés, agradezco la versión del narrador español.
Si, se agradece, pero aún así, tal vez, podría usar un filtro de voz para una versión más épica de su voz y no tan "educativa"
Wonderful content 👌
The Great Captain Gonzalo de Cordoba marches......
@5:15 I'm like "Oh so the French king granted the Pope's son some land..... THE POPE'S WHAT?!?!"
I'm very excited for the League of Cambrai, and in particular, how the Venetians managed to pull a diplomatic houdini of somehow preserving their empire against a massive coalition against them.
In 1508 the emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman empire tried to invade the venetian territory, however he was severely defeated at the battle of Cadore (Battaglia di Cadore) the Venetian managed to take many other cities and reached there peak, however few months later the league of Cambrai was formed. Sorry for the bad English
It would have been very interesting if the Challenge of Barletta had also been analysed, which took place during the winter of 1503, I think so because this event was very important in establishing a strong alliance between the Spaniards and the Neapolitans.
Excellent video 📹
Wait fir part 2
You know, as sweet as it is of you doing spanish dub, as a spaniard myself, thank god for the english dub XD
Great video as always👏🏼
Que es esto, desde cuando está en español!? magnifico! GRACIAS!
Great video, was almost like a mini world war or as Historia Civilis called it a great power struggle with action taking place on multiple fronts.
The History of war seems to consist of periods of highly mobile and fast warfare followed by periods where large, strong, static formations are the norm and then back again.
Thank you , K&G .
Excellent historical channel, thanks for sharing this enjoyable video
Gracias por hacer videos también en español, el contenido del canal es excelente
First episode I’ve never finished
Caesar would be proud.
I like how you said that we learn why it's bad to expand on the backs of your allies. Sometimes, relying on allies too much is bad which is why rulers have to agree on one thing, sometimes they cannot rely on each other too much to the point of compromising their own Kingdoms. In my books, the Sacred Valoryan Empire does not rely on allies to help them all the time, nor does the Fair High Kingdom of Britonnia nor do the High Elves of Celestor nor do the Dwarves of Thulamdor. They only work together specifically when it is a huge war. Other than that, they expand individually when there is a fair amount of peace and they make trade with one another to stabilize relations.
200 years of spanish naples thanks to Gonzalo Fernández the Great Captain
nah the napolitalean people would help any army against the french
The most interesting series, the Italian Wars (and the Italian wars of reunification).
Your channel is very educational
Chad Spanish Victories :-)
Waking up to a video from Kings 👍
Yay videos in Spanish now! Woot woot
This video shows you just how influential Abstergo is, heavily downplaying the influence of a certain Ezio Auditore da Firenze 😂
Great video
Excellent work
I can't wait to see the next episode