6.3 Classification of Bacteria on the basis of Flagella |Class 11 | Biology

These are extremely thin, hair like appendages. They come out through cell wall and originate from basal body, structure just beneath the cell membrane in the cytoplasm. They are made up oif protein lagellin. On the basis of presence of lagella, pattern of attachment of lagella and the number of lagella present bacteria are classiied into diferent taxonomic groups. Atrichous means bacteria are without any lagella. When single polar lagellum is present then condition is known as monotrichous. If tuft of lagella is present only at one pole of bacteria then these are lophotrichous lagella. Amphitrichous is a condition when tuft of lagella at each of two poles is present. In peritrichous form, lagella surround the whole cell. Most of bacilli and spiral shaped bacteria have lagella. Cocci very rarely have lagella.
Primary function of lagella is to help in motility.With the help of lagella, lagellate bacteria can also detect and move in response to chemical signals which is a type of behaviour called as Chemotaxis.
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