A Level, IB, HSC, AP chemistry - Solubility of Group 2 sulphates and hydroxides
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- Опубліковано 29 січ 2025
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Dr Onn
thank you so much for this! you got straight to the point and you also mentioned the way CIE will ask questions about this topic. you are truly amazing! thanks again!
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Thank you, Sir, you save my CIE A Level chemistry, will share it to my friends, Cheers❤️
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Sir I need some clarification. Down group 2 we know that charge density decreases, so the anion is polarized less and a stronger ionic bond is achieved. As lattice energy(energy released when ionic bond is formed) is exothermic its value is negative. There is a DECREASE in lattice energy as a result down group 2 . Hydration energy is the energy released when 1 mole gaseous ions form 1 mole of aqueous ions (FORMS DIPOLE-ION ATTRACTIONS). As charge density decreases (MORE ENERGY IS RELEASED TO FORM THIS BOND). As hydration energy is exothermic there is a decrease in it. The hydration energy decreases more significantly than lattice energy . Hence down Grp 2 sulphates, hydration energy will eventually not be able to supply lattice energy (energy needed to break bond) so solubility decreases
1. charge density of what exactly, that is changing?
2. BOTH hydration and lattice get less exothermic.....the explanations need to fit the space provided, have you tried?
3. see from a simple hess cycle that i always draw in all the explanations, that you want the overall trend to become more exo or less exo (or other direction - it is vectors, math, direction matters).
It is the balance between the two ie decrease in lattice vs decrease in hydration.
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Cheers.
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what drawing software are you using?
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